Video & Transcript : 'arbitrary detention' :
Page 67 of 182
NV
Nevada 2025 Regular Session
Assembly Committee on Commerce and Labor May 30th, 2025 at 12:00 pm
Commerce and Labor
Transcript Highlights:
- These ambiguities create legal uncertainty and risk arbitrary enforcement.
- The algorithmic restrictions, arbitrary time restrictions, and notification prohibition.
- Arbitrary time restrictions and notification prohibitions constitute content-based regulations that trigger
- This arbitrary provision doesn't solve parent concerns around time spent online.
Committee:
Assembly Commerce and Labor
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
House energy panel OK's bill to lift MN's moratorium on new nuclear power plants 1/21/25
Minnesota House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- For example, we did not support the 100% by 2040 mandate, as we believe setting arbitrary deadlines is
- we support the 100% by 20 240 mandate as we believe<00:37:46.640><c> setting</c><00:37:46.960><c> arbitrary
- </c><00:37:47.520><c> deadlines</c><00:37:48.000><c> is</c> believe setting arbitrary deadlines is believe
- setting arbitrary deadlines is both<00:37:48.480><c> unnecessary</c><00:37:49.280><c> and</c><00:37:
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Public Safety Committee Mar 3rd, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- I represent the detention center. I represent the Sheriff's Department.
- Before I start, just a little bit on my background: I've probably been to more youth detention facilities
- decreases anxiety, soothes the trauma of family separation, and improves school performance for youth in detention
- engagement, visitation, and the inclusion of the family dynamic as both part of their time during detention
- The inclusion of the family dynamic as both part of their time during detention, but also upon reentry
Summary:
The committee heard several public safety bills, with extensive testimony and debate. AB 1535 would add political affiliation as a sentencing aggravator when a felony is motivated by a victim’s actual or perceived political affiliation. The author said the bill is intended to deter political violence while preserving judicial discretion; supporters framed it as a response to rising threats and attacks tied to politics. Opponents, including ACLU Cal Action, Initiate Justice, and public defender groups, argued the term is vague, could sweep in protected speech and association, and would expand punishment without addressing crime prevention. The bill was later moved on a due-pass recommendation and passed on roll call.
AB 1656 would add human trafficking to the list of offenses that qualify for good-cause continuances so a vertical prosecutor can stay with a case. The author and a San Diego DA representative said the change would support trauma-informed prosecution and improve continuity for survivors. Most support testimony came from prosecutors, victim advocates, and civil liberties groups, while some public defender and justice organizations remained in opposition or pending review of amendments. The committee ultimately approved the bill on a due-pass-as-amended vote.
AB 1589 would allow Level 1 reserve peace officers to use firearm suppressors while on duty, matching the exemption already available to full-time officers. The author and reserve officer witnesses said the bill is a narrow safety measure tied to hearing protection and parity in training and equipment. Opponents, including Brady and ACLU Cal Action, said suppressors are unnecessary, could endanger the public and other officers, and further militarize policing. After discussion about safety, fiscal concerns, and community trust, the committee passed the bill on a due-pass vote.
The committee also took up AB 1566, which would align the statutory definition of severe neglect with the structured decision-making tool used by county child welfare agencies. Supporters said the bill would reduce overreporting, racial disparities, and unnecessary family trauma while keeping mandated reporting in place. Opponents, including school resource officer groups, warned it would lower reporting thresholds and risk missing serious abuse. Members debated the impact on child safety versus unnecessary investigations, and the bill was held on call after a split vote. In addition, the committee approved several consent items, including bills on human trafficking data, criminal procedure jurisdiction, firearms/unsafe handguns, and the Hugs Act of 2026.
AZ
Transcript Highlights:
- Technology, having under consideration Senate Bill 1156 relating to appropriation for short-term detention
- Border Security, having under consideration Senate Bill 1156 relating to appropriation for short-term detention
- Senator Miranda... ...under consideration Senate Bill 1156 relating to appropriation for short-term detention
- Border Security, having under consideration Senate Bill 1156 relating to appropriation for short-term detention
- mega funding bill, earmarked $30 billion for immigration enforcement and another $45 billion for detention
AL
Transcript Highlights:
- HB7 allows for the detention of individuals based solely on the suspicion of their immigration status
- illegal aliens, creating a dangerous precedent where appearance, accent, and ethnicity could lead to detention
- We've already seen how expanded immigration enforcement authority leads to wrongful detentions of US
- The bill's provisions will inevitably lead to longer detention periods, overcrowded facilities, and increased
- creating a system where history by creating a system where certain residents live in constant fear of detention
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
Seclusion Working Group - 08/13/25
Minnesota Senate Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- And he went to Ramsey County Juvenile Detention. It was a Friday.
- So if he aggressed towards someone again, they were going to put him back in juvenile detention.
- </c> in juvenile detention. in juvenile detention.
- :01.039><c> juvenile</c> his reincarceration in the juvenile his reincarceration in the juvenile detention
- </c> detention system. detention system.
HI
Hawaii 2025 Regular Session
PSM-JDC, JDC Public Hearings 03-13-2025
Public Safety and Military Affairs
Transcript Highlights:
- for detention home hearings or any kind of juvenile matters.
- for detention home hearings or any kind of juvenile matters.
- for detention home hearings or any kind of juvenile matters.
- for detention home hearings or any kind of juvenile matters.
- for detention home hearings or any kind of juvenile matters.
Committee:
Senate Public Safety and Military Affairs
Summary:
The joint committees heard testimony on several fireworks-related bills. On HB 550, which would allow law enforcement to use drone recordings to establish probable cause for fireworks arrests in public areas and appropriate funds for drones, the Department of Law Enforcement and Honolulu Police Department supported the measure. The Public Defender and some public testifiers opposed it, arguing that a statute cannot mandate probable cause and that the bill raises constitutional concerns. A prosecutor later explained that the bill is intended to address Hawaiʻi case law, especially State v. Kit, which limits aerial surveillance over homes under the state constitution, and suggested that changing “shall” to “may” could reduce constitutional problems. Members also questioned whether current law already allows video evidence of fireworks violations and whether the bill was necessary. Testimony included both support and opposition from individuals and organizations, and no vote was taken during the hearing.
The committees then heard HB 806, which would appropriate funds for the Department of Law Enforcement to conduct sting operations on Oʻahu to enforce fireworks laws. The department and police supported the bill, while the Libertarian Party of Hawaiʻi opposed it, arguing that fireworks are already illegal and that the measure adds unnecessary enforcement powers and constitutional risk. Committee members asked what “sting operation” means and whether the term should be defined more clearly; the department said it refers to police or criminal investigations involving deception and agreed a definition would help guide use of the funds. The department also said the funding would support training, storage, and other operational costs for undercover investigations.
Finally, the committees heard HB 1483, a broader fireworks enforcement bill that would create an adjudication system for fireworks infractions, revise definitions and penalties, establish new offenses, and increase penalties when fireworks offenses cause injury or death. The Attorney General’s office strongly supported the bill, saying it would improve enforcement by clarifying definitions and allowing cases to be proven without particle testing or expert witnesses when fireworks leave no physical evidence. The Department of Law Enforcement also supported it. The Public Defender opposed the bill, focusing on the bill’s penalty enhancements for offenses that are rarely enforced and its concurrent trial provision, which it said raises problems because of the differences between civil and criminal proceedings. No final committee action or vote was reported in the transcript.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Some publications indicate that the 0.3% is really just an arbitrary number.
- So, yeah, so it is arbitrary.
- I think again that's just something that is arbitrary for the individual.
- The percentage really is arbitrary. It's for a legal definition.
- in your opinion, the percentage is arbitrary, but the milligrams are what's most important.
Bills:
HB5
Committee:
House Public Health
MA
Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session
Senate Session (Full Formal with Calendar) Jun 21st, 2026 at 11:00 am
Massachusetts Senate Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- be done randomly, and we don't think it should be done on a whim, and we don't think it should be arbitrary
- Arbitrary.
Summary:
The Senate first handled a House petition from John H. Rawlers and others seeking eminent domain authority for a parcel in Norwood; Joint Rule 12 was suspended and the matter was referred to the Committee on State Administration and Regulatory Oversight. The chamber then resumed debate on the literacy bill, with Senator Tarr offering a series of amendments focused on school district funding, teacher competency, reporting, waivers, and curriculum implementation. Most of Tarr’s amendments were rejected, but one requiring written, appealable denials of district waivers was adopted by roll call, and another amendment on reporting from the Early Literacy Fund, including provisions for English language learners and special education educators, was also adopted. A separate amendment extending the timeline for DESE to publish high-quality curricula was adopted, while several other amendments were withdrawn or defeated.
The Senate also considered and adopted an amendment from Senator Comerford addressing rural and regional equity in education funding. That amendment expanded eligible uses of the Early Literacy Fund to include screening assessments, required DESE to prioritize geographic and funding equity, mandated a public hearing in Western Massachusetts before final grant criteria were finalized, and directed technical assistance to rural districts. Senators from across the chamber spoke in support, emphasizing chronic underfunding, declining enrollment, minimum-aid pressures, and the need for a broader review of the Chapter 70 formula and a Foundation Budget Review Commission. The amendment passed unanimously.
Later, the Senate took up an amendment from Senator Moore on children’s vision care, which would have created a registry for vision screening and expanded eye exam requirements, but it was withdrawn after supportive debate. The chamber then adopted the Ways and Means redraft, ordered the bill to third reading, and passed An Act relative to teacher preparation and student literacy to be engrossed by a unanimous roll call. Final passage was also achieved for a separate House land-taking bill allowing the town of Hingham to use municipal property for a center for active living, which passed by the required two-thirds vote and was enacted. The Senate then adopted an order to meet again the following Monday and adjourned in memory of Donna Goldstein.
MA
Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session
Joint Committee on Revenue Jun 21st, 2026 at 10:00 am
Joint Committee on Revenue
Transcript Highlights:
- So is this negotiated through the commissioner's office at DOR, or is it, you know, arbitrary?
- You know, arbitrary. Even if there's an amnesty, there's no negotiation.
Committee:
Joint Joint Committee on Revenue
Summary:
The Joint Committee on Revenue held a hybrid hearing on several property and local tax bills. The main focus was H.56, the Municipal Empowerment Act, which the Healey-Driscoll Administration, the Massachusetts Municipal Association, MAPC, and Salem Mayor Dominick Pangallo supported as a package of local options and administrative reforms. Supporters said municipalities need more tools to relieve pressure on property taxes and fund services, citing proposed increases to local meals and lodging taxes, a new local vehicle excise surcharge, senior property tax relief, one-year override flexibility for emergencies, and central valuation of telecom and utility property by DOR. The administration said the bill was based on municipal listening sessions and was intended to give cities and towns optional, not mandatory, revenue tools. Opponents, including the National Federation of Independent Businesses, argued the tax increases would hurt restaurants, hotels, tourism, and small businesses and add to affordability concerns.
The committee also heard testimony on H.3211, dealing with deeds excise receipts, from Norfolk County Commissioner Richard Staidi. He said Norfolk County is financially stable but needs additional revenue for major capital needs at its agricultural school, especially a new cafeteria and other aging facilities, and also to support county programs such as veteran transportation services. On S.2020, a bill to allow settlements of tax liability, Greater Boston Legal Services, the Asian American Civic Association, and several individual taxpayers urged creation of a more workable offer-in-compromise process at DOR. They said the current system is too subjective, requires an unaffordable $5,000 threshold, lacks clear standards and appeal rights, and leaves low-income taxpayers stuck with unmanageable debt, license suspensions, or business closures. Supporters said the bill would give both taxpayers and DOR a practical way to resolve liabilities and bring people back into compliance.
The committee also took testimony on S.1966, which would require nonprofits selling property to disclose any back-tax obligations to buyers. Senator Peter Durant said the bill was prompted by a personal experience in which a tax bill arrived after a nonprofit property purchase was already completed, and he argued the disclosure would prevent buyers from being surprised by retroactive tax liability. No votes were taken during the hearing, and the chair closed the session after hearing from all scheduled witnesses.
MO
Missouri 2026 Regular Session
Corrections and Public Institutions Mar 9th, 2026 at 12:00 pm
Corrections and Public Institutions
Transcript Highlights:
- Whether or not a perpetrator is going to get the death penalty is arbitrary.
- Sometimes it's very disproportionate in how this death penalty works, and that is an arbitrary system
Committee:
House Corrections and Public Institutions
WA
Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session
House Environment & Energy Jan 29th, 2026 at 08:00 am
Environment & Energy
Transcript Highlights:
- Setting an arbitrary timeline...
- Setting an arbitrary timeline to ban 6 PPD on innovation and safety—a ban that goes even further in California
Committee:
House Environment & Energy
Keywords:
oil tanker, tank vessel, restricted waters, Puget Sound, San Juan Islands, Rosario Strait, Admiralty Inlet, Discovery Island, New Dungeness, tug escort, pilotage, marine safety, spill prevention, oil transport, petroleum shipment, coast guard authorization, Board of Pilotage Commissioners, articulated tug barge, bunker vessel, refueling vessel
WA
Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session
House Environment & Energy Jan 29th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- Setting an arbitrary timeline to ban 6 PPD on innovation and safety, a ban that goes even further in
- Setting an arbitrary timeline to ban 6 PPD on innovation and safety, a ban that goes even further in
Summary:
The committee heard House Bill 2436, a technical fix to Washington’s oil tanker escort tug requirements in Puget Sound waters. The bill would require escort tugs to have either horsepower equal to 5% of the tanker’s deadweight tonnage or 3,000 horsepower, whichever is greater. Rep. Lekanoff and the Washington State Board of Pilotage Commissioners said the change aligns statute with existing rules and industry practice and supports protection of the Salish Sea and southern resident killer whales. No opposition was raised, and the hearing was closed without action at that point.
The committee then heard House Bill 2322, which changes Clean Fuels Program rules and tax incentives for alternative jet fuel. Supporters, including Rep. Dent, Sky Energy, 12, and the City of Moses Lake, said the bill would provide certainty for large-scale sustainable aviation fuel investment by changing the trigger for tax incentives and clarifying that certain renewable electricity, including hydro, can count as zero carbon. Ecology opposed the bill’s treatment of electricity accounting, saying it would weaken incentives for new renewable generation and could reduce the clean fuels program’s emissions benefits. U.S. Oil asked for additional clarification or changes to allow Pierce County participation or define “blender.” No vote was taken on the bill during the hearing.
In executive session, the committee passed several bills. Substitute House Bill 2343, dealing with discharge permits for publicly owned animal facilities, passed 21-0. Proposed second substitute House Bill 1420, creating a textile and apparel coordinating organization for a needs assessment, passed 12-9. House Bill 2426, allowing Pollution Control Hearings Board appeals to be heard by a single member or alternative panel by agreement, passed 19-2. Substitute House Bill 2271, expanding post-consumer recycled content requirements for certain plastic products, passed 12-9. Substitute House Bill 2215, adjusting Climate Commitment Act fuel supplier thresholds, passed 12-9. Substitute House Bill 2421, restricting 6PPD and certain substitutes in tires, passed 11-9 with one excused after an amendment to exempt rural eastern Washington was rejected. Action on House Bill 2301 and House Bill 2296 was deferred to a later meeting due to time constraints.
HI
Transcript Highlights:
- unlicensed people were hired to basically do the project and the job, and at the end of the day detention
- unlicensed people were hired to basically do the project and the job, and at the end of the day detention
- , but then there's a whole push not to engage because then they could start using our prisons as detention
- 07:03.240><c> as</c> they could start using our prisons as they could start using our prisons as detention
- </c> detention centers. detention centers.
Bills:
SCR180
Committee:
House Public Safety
Summary:
The committee opened by noting it was likely its last hearing of the 2026 session, then took up several resolutions. SCR 54, on appointing a hydrogen fire safety expert and training on hydrogen-related protocols, and SCR 59, on allowing certain health care professionals to practice without a license during a state of emergency, drew no testimony. Members discussed SCR 59 as a response to past emergencies and the need for pre-approved, updated registries of professionals who could be deployed quickly in emergencies.
SCR 62 SD1, which asks the 911 Board to form a working group with the disability community to address access issues in emergency and 911 responses, received testimony from disability advocates and the 911 Board. Testifiers said the measure should ensure an integrated system with EMS infrastructure, real-time access for dispatchers and field personnel, and public education about the system; they also noted that Smart911 is no longer being used on Oahu and Maui and that a statewide, integrated approach is needed. Members agreed to work the suggested language into the resolution. SCR 179, urging Maui County to enforce fire code provisions on brush clearance, fuel breaks, roadside vegetation clearing, and emergency access, was noted as having no testimony but continuing to raise important issues.
SCR 74, calling for an audit of no-bid contracts issued under emergency proclamations from 2020 through 2025, drew strong support from a late testifier who tied the measure to emergency procurement concerns after the Lahaina wildfire and COVID-era contracting. The witness argued that procurement rules should not be waived in ways that compromise safety, and described concerns about unlicensed contractors and construction problems in a state housing project. Members asked about the scope of the audit and whether it would interfere with criminal investigations; the witness said the audit should cover a broad range of contracts, including nonprofit contracts, and should not be limited to the wildfire period. The committee also heard SCR 28 SD1 on creating a Hawaii Vietnam Veterans Medal, with support from the Department of Defense and veterans advocates, who said the resolution is intended to do the groundwork for a future appropriation and to determine eligibility and distribution procedures.
Finally, SCR 60 SD1, requesting updates on the “Breaking Cycles” rehabilitation and restorative justice study, received support from the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, the Correctional System Oversight Commission, and reform advocates. The department asked that reporting be annual rather than quarterly because of the complexity of the OCCC project, and supporters said the measure would promote transparency and help ensure the study’s recommendations are implemented. No votes were taken in the portion of the hearing provided.
MD
Transcript Highlights:
- <00:31:07.000><c> local</c><00:31:07.440><c> jails</c><00:31:07.960><c> and</c><00:31:08.120><c> detention
- </c> as the local jails and detention as the local jails and detention centers.<00:31:09.560><c> Uh</
- And in the local jails and detention<00:31:24.160><c> centers,</c><00:31:24.520><c> Amendment</c><00:
- 31:25.040><c> 189</c><00:31:26.000><c> adds</c> detention centers, Amendment 189 adds detention centers
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
Should schools ban immigration enforcement without a warrant? 2/18/26
Minnesota House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- legal assistant at ILCM, I work directly with impacted families and community members through our detention
- families and community members<00:49:04.160><c> through</c><00:49:04.480><c> our</c><00:49:04.720><c> detention
- </c><00:49:05.200><c> line</c> members through our detention line members through our detention line
- /c><00:49:11.839><c> cases</c> school grounds and in some cases school grounds and in some cases detention
- </c><00:49:13.760><c> These</c><00:49:14.079><c> experiences</c> Detention of children.
NM
New Mexico 2026 Regular Session
House - Chamber Meeting Feb 4th, 2026
New Mexico House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- If these facilities close, I don't care what you think about the detention facilities.
- There's not a lot of businesses lined up to go into the detention center at this time.
- Federal—excuse me, not ICE—but if they wanted to use it for the criminal detention of different folks
- we were, the bill that you're referring to in House Bill 9 was prohibiting the practice of civil detention
- De La Cruz, and Little, an act relating to children, requiring validation of and reporting on a detention
Bills:
HB95 , HB111 , HJR1 , HM7 , HM17 , HM4 , HM22 , HM3 , HM11 , HM14 , HM15 , HM21 , HM34 , HB2 , HB32 , HB33 , HB61 , HJM2 , HM23 , HM24 , HM26
Summary:
The House convened with quorum, offered an invocation and pledges, and then moved through a series of memorials, recognitions, and announcements. House Memorial 49, declaring February 4, 2026 UNM Day, was taken from the Speaker’s table, explained, and debated at length. Members from both parties and several guests praised the University of New Mexico for its role in education, health care, research, public service, and workforce development, with special recognition of President Garnett Stokes, interim provost Barbara Rodriguez, and Health Sciences leaders and students. The memorial highlighted UNM’s enrollment, degrees awarded, scholarship support, patent activity, and the UNM Hospital and Health Sciences Center. It passed 70-0.
House Memorial 48, declaring February 4, 2026 Valencia County Day, was also brought forward and passed unanimously. Supporters described Valencia County’s history, culture, economic growth, and traditions, including the annual matanza, Route 66 heritage, and major employers and development projects. Members from the county and local officials were recognized, and the memorial emphasized both historic communities and current business and infrastructure expansion. House Memorial 50, declaring Lincoln County Day, was introduced by title and placed on the Speaker’s table, but not taken up for final passage during this segment.
The chamber also recognized the Artesia Bulldogs football team for winning another state championship, Del Norte High School’s class of 1966 on its 60th anniversary, and a number of guests tied to nursing, education, and local community service. Several members used announcements to highlight nurses, school programs, and local events, including a Legislative Sportsman’s Caucus invitation and a reminder that the day was the final day to file bills with the clerk. The session closed with continued announcements and guest introductions, reflecting a day focused heavily on community recognition and celebratory memorials rather than substantive legislation beyond the memorial votes.
MA
Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session
Joint Committee on Housing Jun 21st, 2026 at 01:00 pm
Joint Committee on Housing
Transcript Highlights:
- When we constrain supply through exclusive zoning, excessive permitting delays, and arbitrary local rules
- , we drive... ...zoning, excessive permitting delays, and arbitrary local rules.
- When California removed owner occupancy and arbitrary restrictions on ADUs in 2016, ADU construction
Committee:
Joint Joint Committee on Housing
Summary:
The Joint Committee on Housing opened a hybrid hearing focused on housing production bills, with Chairs Julian Cyr and Rich Haggerty emphasizing Massachusetts’ housing shortage and the need to produce more than 200,000 units over the next decade. The committee then heard testimony on a wide range of proposals, including social housing, starter homes and the “missing middle,” accessory dwelling units (ADUs), single-stair residential buildings, permanent affordability homeownership, and housing for people with disabilities. Several witnesses framed the bills as tools to expand supply, lower costs, and address racial and generational wealth gaps.
Representative Connolly testified for H. 1478 on the Massachusetts Social Housing Program, describing publicly owned, mixed-income housing financed through a revolving loan fund. Senator Feeney testified for S. 989 on missing middle starter homes, arguing for zoning changes, incentives, and affordability tools to support smaller starter homes and duplexes, triplexes, and fourplexes. Multiple witnesses, including housing advocates, real estate representatives, and local officials, supported the ADU trust fund bill and the single-stair study bill, saying they would reduce barriers, support homeowners, and enable more family-sized and infill housing. Some witnesses opposed bills they said would weaken ADU reforms or add new restrictions, while others urged broader deregulation to speed production.
A major portion of the hearing focused on H. 1576/S. 1010, the Homes for Lasting Affordability bill, which would create a permanent affordability homeownership program for low- and moderate-income buyers and support small developments with long-term affordability restrictions. Testimony from community land trust leaders, legislators, and housing advocates emphasized that permanent affordability can preserve public investment, stabilize neighborhoods, and help families build wealth over generations. Senator Miranda and Representative Worrell tied the bill to closing the racial wealth gap and expanding access to homeownership for Black and Latino residents. The committee also heard testimony on S. 971, which would reform the Housing Development and Incentive Program to require more affordability in Gateway City projects.
The committee additionally heard from Senator Kennedy and disability advocates on S. 1004, which would strengthen the Alternative Housing Voucher Program for people with disabilities by codifying project-based vouchers and aligning the program more closely with other voucher systems. Witnesses described long waitlists and the lack of accessible, affordable units as major barriers that can lead to homelessness or unnecessary institutionalization. No votes were taken during the hearing; the session was devoted to testimony and questions from committee members.
MO
Transcript Highlights:
- Bring all the parties that are involved in this together and have them make an arbitrary decision to
- Bring in all the parties that are involved in this together and have them make an arbitrary decision
- I’m talking about an arbitrary board like we’re talking about here and trying to come up with an agreement
NM
Transcript Highlights:
- about the lesson that John mentioned on the small school size phase out is that when you create arbitrary
- Districts cannot function under the threat of arbitrary removal.
- No other elected official has this arbitrary oversight imposed, and we feel that that is not appropriate
Committee:
House House Education
Keywords:
student use, wireless devices, public schools, policy implementation, education technology funding, driver education, driver's ed, driving school, motorcycle safety, traffic safety, vulnerable road users, pedestrian safety, bicycle safety, cyclist, bike lane, micromobility, scooter, moped, motorcycle training, DWI prevention