Transcript Highlights:

• And then we put the oversight in place so that the Speaker, the Pro Tem, and the Governor have ultimate
• And I would expect that agency head would respect the role of the Governor or us if we would push back
• If we get this past the finish line and the Governor signs it into law, I assure you I'll be putting
• Just a little worried about the governor-appointed OMES leadership appointing the purchasing director
• Just a little worried about the governor appointed OMES leadership appointing the purchasing director

Bills: SB1415 , SB1714 , SB1962 , SB26 , SB172

Committee: Senate Retirement and Government Resources

Summary: The Committee on Retirement and Government Resources heard several bills dealing with state employment, purchasing, and retirement policy. Senate Bill 1415, by Senator Brooks, would prohibit nondisclosure agreements when a state employee resigns or is terminated, with exceptions for statutorily protected confidentiality such as physician or attorney privilege. Members questioned how the bill would interact with whistleblower protections and sensitive information, but the bill passed 6-1. The committee then considered Senate Bill 1714, by Senator Jett, which would expand an existing state employee suggestion/incentive program to encourage agencies to identify cost savings and efficiencies, require agencies to review recommendations in good faith, and report back on accepted or rejected ideas. Members raised concerns about open meetings, employee notification, written documentation of suggestions, and possible disputes over the value of savings. The author agreed to work on amendments, the title was struck, and the bill passed as amended 5-2. Senate Bill 1962, by Senator Bullard, would move certain purchasing exemptions out of statute and into the administrative rules process so exemptions must be periodically renewed and justified. Supporters said this would reduce personality-driven exemptions and improve oversight, while concerns were raised about ongoing needs and emergency situations. The bill passed unanimously 7-0. The committee also passed Senate Bill 26, which would allow retired teachers to return to work after a 90-day break with a salary set by local districts and a 3% contribution back to the retirement system, and Senate Bill 172, which would tie cost-of-living adjustments for pension systems to funding benchmarks and a rolling average, rather than legislative discretion; both bills passed, with SB 26 passing 7-0 and SB 172 passing 6-1. The chair noted the committee expected at least one more meeting and hoped to finish the following week.

Transcript Highlights:

• So this one hopefully is an easy bill that you guys can get out, get signed by the governor, so schools
• I talked quite a bit with Governor Sununu about this.
• The House concurred, the governor signed it, and the commission was established.
• The problem was the appointment of the commissioner members by the governor was considerably delayed.
• delayed</c> by the governor was considerably delayed by the governor was considerably delayed some<01

Committee: Senate Health and Human Services

Transcript Highlights:

• Next, we have Item 2D, Governor's appointments not required to appear.
• I was appointed public member of the State Bar Board of Trustees in 2020 by Governor Newsom, reappointed
• I was just recently appointed in February, I think.
• So, Madam Chair, I would move that we advance this appointment to the Senate floor.
• In the case of the Board of Trustees, we have appointments from the Governor, the Senate, the Assembly

Committee: Senate Rules

Summary: The Senate Committee on Rules established a quorum and first approved several items without required appearances, including the appointments of Rick Simpson to the Commission on Teacher Credentialing and Trinidad Solis, M.D., and Gerald Talbert, M.D., to the Medical Board of California, along with references of bills to committees and floor acknowledgments. The committee then heard testimony on two State Bar of California appointments requiring appearance: George Cardona, J.D., for Chief Trial Counsel, and Laura Enderton Speed, J.D., for Executive Director. Cardona described his first four years as chief trial counsel, emphasizing reforms after the Girardi matter, including stronger conflict-of-interest and gift rules, tighter trust-account investigations, more data tracking, and efforts to reduce case backlogs and discipline disparities. Senators questioned him about the John Eastman disbarment case, the office’s role and jurisdiction, racial and Latino discipline disparities, unauthorized practice of law by notarios, staffing vacancies, and the use of AI in pleadings and internal work. Public witnesses from the State Bar, SEIU Local 1000, and others supported his confirmation, and the committee voted 3-0 to advance his appointment to the full Senate. Enderton Speed said she sought the executive director role to help restore public trust, strengthen discipline and admissions, and address the February 2025 bar exam problems. Senators asked about the State Bar’s budget deficit, hiring freeze, long-term fiscal stability, the bar exam audit and litigation, safeguards against conflicts and gifts, and the decision to move the February exam largely remote before returning to in-person administration for July. Public witnesses also supported her confirmation, citing leadership, accessibility, and a focus on core functions. The committee voted 5-0 to advance her appointment to the full Senate. The meeting ended with remarks honoring Senator Jones on his final day on the committee and a cake presentation before adjournment to executive session.

Transcript Highlights:

• Next, we have Item 2D, Governor's appointments not required to appear.
• I was appointed public member of the State Bar Board of Trustees in 2020 by Governor Newsom, reappointed
• I was just recently appointed in February, I think, and I also...
• I was just recently appointed in February, I think.
• In the case of the Board of Trustees, we have appointments from the Governor, the Senate, the Assembly

Committee: Senate Rules

Transcript Highlights:

• c><00:02:16.640><c> three</c> appointed by the governor so three appointed by the governor so three representing
• by the governor.
• by the governor.
• by the governor.
• Minnesotans, not a nine-person board appointed by the governor.

Bills: HF1419 , HF500

Committee: House Human Services Finance and Policy

Keywords: nursing facilities, reimbursement rates, elderly care, minimum wage, healthcare funding, nursing home, employment standards, worker rights, Minnesota Statutes, labor compensation

Transcript Highlights:

• </c><01:19:31.360><c> and</c> um for the purposes of appointing and um for the purposes of appointing
• </c> Um one, my understanding is the governor Um one, my understanding is the governor already<01:21:
• </c><01:29:04.560><c> a</c><01:29:04.800><c> council</c> to appoint a council to appoint a council to
• No, I mean, we're asking for $25,000 to set up a task force that is going to be appointed by the governor
• by</c><01:34:43.840><c> the</c> be appointed by the governor by the be appointed by the governor by the

Transcript Highlights:

• Senator and Governor Bob Graham.
• To the governor and legislature by July 15, 2026. Indeed, Mr.
• So I believe in divine appointment.
• So I believe in divine appointment, and I believe that you were appointed here by God to make the difference
• So I believe in divine appointment. so I believe in divine appointment, and I believe that you were appointed

Transcript Highlights:

• Immediate transmittal to the Governor. The measure passes. Immediate transmittal to the Governor.
• governance by transferring executive authority from the State Superintendent of Public Instruction to a governor-appointed
• governance by transferring executive authority from the State Superintendent of Public Instruction to a governor-appointed
• The governor for future outcomes.
• Message transmittal to the Governor.

Transcript Highlights:

• Both bills are passed to be enacted and will be signed by the President and laid before the Governor
• The governor proposed a $33 million increase.
• has appointed Representatives Cahill, Vargas, and Vaughn on its part.
• As appointed a committee of conference on the disagreeing votes to the two branches, and have appointed
• Chair will be deemed that motion to be accepted and we'll appoint the following members.

Summary: The Senate opened with the Pledge of Allegiance, adopted two commendatory resolutions honoring the Plimpton Historical Society’s Deborah Sampson Day recognition and Megan’s Light’s Cystic Fibrosis Awareness Month observance, and suspended Joint Rule 12 to refer several House petitions to committee. The chamber also briefly recognized Diane Talk of the South Shore Regional Emergency Communication Center on her retirement after 30 years of dispatch service. Later, the Senate passed two local bills to enactment: House No. 4006, authorizing Dartmouth to grant an additional all-alcoholic beverages license, and House No. 473, relating to the charter of Westwood. The main business was the Senate Ways and Means presentation of the fiscal year 2027 budget, totaling about $63.3 billion. The chair described the budget as balanced, with no new taxes or tax cuts, based on a consensus revenue estimate of $986 million in growth over FY26 (2.4%), and including about $15.8 billion in federal financial participation and roughly $2.7 billion from the Fair Share surtax. The budget emphasized record local aid, including $1.376 billion in unrestricted general government aid, $7.66 billion for Chapter 70 education aid, increased minimum school aid, higher regional school transportation reimbursement, rural aid, and the revival of the Foundation Budget Review Commission. It also highlighted major investments in MassEducate free community college, food security, housing, and support for vulnerable residents. Members then engaged in extended colloquy on the budget’s major cost drivers and policy choices. Questions focused on debt service, pension and OPEB liabilities, MassHealth caseload and rising per-enrollee costs, child care funding, and program integrity in DTA and other benefit programs. The chair said debt service would be about $2.67 billion, pension payments would be $5.1 billion, OPEB would receive a $150 million payment, and MassHealth enrollment was projected at about 2 million with costs driven by acuity and medical inflation. He also said the budget includes no collective bargaining agreements and no state tax changes. Senators supporting the budget praised its investments in education, local aid, homelessness prevention, public health, libraries, and housing, while minority leaders and others stressed the need for fiscal discipline, transparency, and further work on affordability and municipal support. The Senate also received a House message on House No. 5316, which the House had nonconcurred in, and a conference committee was appointed on the disagreement.

Transcript Highlights:

• Keep in mind that the governor proposed a $33 million increase.
• The governor proposed a $33 million increase.
• has appointed Representatives Cahill, Vargas, and Vaughn.
• As appointed a committee of conference on the disagreeing votes to the two branches, and have appointed
• Chair will be deemed that motion to be accepted and we'll appoint the following members.

Transcript Highlights:

• Respectfully submitted, Greg Abbott, Governor. Mr. Dutton, for what purpose?
• It's going to be appointed by the chief of TDEM no later than December 31, 2025.
• , Lieutenant Governor, and Speaker before December 1, 2026.
• The governor to develop and administer a strategic plan for interoperability.
• conferees. appoint conferees and administrative actions.

Bills: HB25 , HB48 , HB149 , HB254 , HB26 , HB192 , HCR3 , HCR4 , HCR5 , HCR6 , HCR8 , HCR14 , HCR16 , HR1 , HR2 , HR3 , HR4 , HR6 , HR7 , HR8 , HR9 , HR12 , HR11 , HR13 , HR14 , HR15 , HR16 , HR20 , HR22 , HR23 , HR24 , HR25 , HR26 , HR27 , HR28 , HR29 , HR30 , HR31 , HR32 , HR33 , HR45 , HR48 , HR49 , HR51 , HR52 , HR55 , HR56 , HR57 , HR59 , HR60 , HR61 , HR62 , HR63 , HR64 , HR65 , HR66 , HR70 , HR71 , HR72 , HR74 , HCR2 , HCR7 , HR10 , HR21 , HR35 , HR36 , HR37 , HR38 , HR39 , HR40 , HR42 , HR43 , HR44 , HR46 , HR47 , HR50 , HR53 , HR54 , HR67 , HR69 , HR75 , HCR5 , HCR6 , HCR8 , HCR14 , HCR16 , HR1 , HR3 , HR4 , HR6 , HR7 , HR8 , HR9 , HR12 , HR11 , HR13 , HR14 , HR15 , HR16 , HR20 , HR22 , HR23 , HR24 , HR25 , HR26 , HR27 , HR28 , HR29 , HR30 , HR31 , HR32 , HR33 , HR45 , HR48 , HR49 , HR51 , HR52 , HR55 , HR56 , HR57 , HR59 , HR60 , HR61 , HR62 , HR63 , HR64 , HR65 , HR66 , HR70 , HR71 , HR72 , HR74 , HCR7 , HR10 , HR21 , HR35 , HR36 , HR37 , HR38 , HR39 , HR40 , HR42 , HR43 , HR44 , HR46 , HR47 , HR50 , HR53 , HR54 , HR67 , HR69 , HB25 , HB48 , HB149 , HB254 , HB26 , HB192

Transcript Highlights:

• And I'm thankful to the governor for that opportunity and that trust.
• So thank you, sir, and to the Florida Legislature and our governor, too.
• However, our board is appointed by the governor, the president, and speaker.
• It is appointed by the governor, with two appointments from the legislature as well.
• Boards that are locally appointed and locally operated.

Committee: Senate Military and Veterans Affairs, Space, and Domestic Security

Summary: The committee took up SB 116 by Senator Burgess, a veterans bill aimed at several FDVA-related changes. The bill would reduce annual nominations to the Florida Veterans Hall of Fame from 20 to 5, expand FDVA’s survey work to assess veterans’ awareness of available programs and their health literacy, add mental health training to the veterans suicide prevention pilot, strengthen coordination and reporting between Veterans Florida and FDVA, direct FDVA to develop a plan for adult day health care facilities statewide, and allow the Florida Veterans Foundation to use a portion of Gadsden flag plate proceeds for administrative costs. Senator Burgess said the measure builds on prior “Forward March” efforts and helps close service gaps for aging veterans and others who may not know about available benefits. Testimony on SB 116 was uniformly supportive. FDVA leadership said adult day health care could be added at existing facilities such as Port St. Lucie and Lake City, and that the state would need authority and funding to move forward. A veterans legal collaborative, AARP Florida, and Endeavors all voiced support, with speakers emphasizing the importance of better outreach, mental health awareness, and care options that allow veterans to remain at home. The committee then voted favorably on SB 116. The remainder of the meeting was devoted to agency and stakeholder presentations. Florida National Guard officials described a high operational tempo, deployments at home and abroad, hurricane response efforts, and the need to grow the force and infrastructure. FDVA’s adjutant general reported Florida now has the nation’s second-largest veteran population, rising in-migration of younger veterans, a large and aging Vietnam-era population, strong claims and outreach activity, declining veteran homelessness, and improved suicide prevention outcomes. The Florida Veterans Foundation outlined its emergency relief, dental, transportation, and license-plate-funded programs, while Veterans Florida and CareerSource Florida detailed workforce, apprenticeship, SkillBridge, entrepreneurship, and job-fair programs for veterans and spouses, along with efforts to expand recurring funding and better protect customer information.

Transcript Highlights:

• had said he could appoint two people from the body.
• The response was that the chairman and the speaker of the body would appoint members.
• She could go to Representative Gabbyor and say, can you appointment to this committee?
• What I would like to do, I'm not going to know people to appoint.
• And again, I guess my question is, how are we going to appoint these people?

Summary: The committee met with a quorum and first considered H.C.R. 89 by Representative Charles Owen, which directs the Department of Culture, Recreation and Tourism to study, with the Louisiana State Museum and the World War II Museum, the feasibility of a museum and trail dedicated to the Louisiana Maneuvers. Owen described the historical significance of the maneuvers and said the proposal would mainly involve markers and a modest museum. The committee moved the resolution favorably to the floor without objection. Members then debated H.R. 179 by Representative Marcel, which would create a study of neighborhood crime prevention and security districts and their effectiveness in reducing crime. Several members raised concerns about the number of study groups and the breadth of a statewide review, while others supported gathering data on crime trends, cameras, and district performance. Marcel said the study was intended to collect information, not mandate changes, and the resolution was moved favorably to the floor. The committee next took up S.B. 228 and S.B. 268 by Senator Duplessis, both related to replacing lead and copper water service lines. S.B. 228 was a constitutional amendment allowing public funds to be used on private property for replacement of lead-based and copper pipes, and S.B. 268 set out the process for municipalities or parishes to implement the program, including notice to homeowners and an inventory/testing process. Members questioned homeowner rights, the seven-day notice period, emergency entry language, contracting, and whether the work would fully address hazards inside homes; Rainwater said the program was narrowly tailored, federally funded through the EPA and LDH, and intended to replace lines from the main to the shutoff valve. Both measures were moved favorably as amended. Finally, the committee approved S.B. 283 by Senator Barrow, creating the Boulevard at Harding Area Special District in Baton Rouge to encourage development in a food desert near Southern University, and moved H.R. 225 by Representative Eccles, which urges study of parish-wide solid waste, debris removal, and disaster resilience services in Ouachita Parish. H.R. 223 by Representative Walters, urging Shreveport to partner on the Southern Soul City Initiative, was also moved favorably. The chair noted it was likely the committee’s last meeting of the session, and members and staff were thanked for their work.

Transcript Highlights:

• Well, by that point, they may have also set up an appointment with the provider to whom they've been
• They may just be somebody—oftentimes they just get a call from an appointment desk, they make the appointment
• They just get a call from an appointment desk and they make the appointment, and they don't know about
• They make the appointment, and then they get contacted that that doctor is not in their network, and
• In order for the Governor and the Legislature to keep better track of the Innovation Fund's efforts,

Committee: Senate Health Policy

Summary: The committee took up a large health policy agenda. SB 1568 on electronic prescribing was explained as a federal conformity measure, but members raised concerns about preserving patients’ ability to obtain paper prescriptions and about exemptions for emergency, hospice, and other situations. Emergency physicians testified in support of e-prescribing but asked for flexibility, and the bill was reported favorably despite Senator Harrell’s opposition. SB 1606 on patient access to records sought to standardize record-production timelines and require electronic delivery when available; after an amendment correcting a drafting error, the bill drew concerns about HIPAA, behavioral health confidentiality, and the distinction between personal and legal representatives, and it was reported unfavorably as a committee substitute. The committee then approved SB 1346 on fentanyl testing, with a technical amendment, to require hospitals and campus emergency departments to test for fentanyl in urine testing for suspected overdose or poisoning. SB 1224 on administration of controlled substances by paramedics was amended to clarify language and reported favorably. SB 656 on health care billing and collection activities was substantially revised by strike-all amendment to allow sale of medical debt to third parties under new limits, including no interest or fees and return of debt if charity care applies; it was reported favorably as a committee substitute. SB 68 expanded health facilities authority financing to include not-for-profit LLCs and parent companies, and SB 524 added Duchenne muscular dystrophy to the newborn screening panel; both were reported favorably. Later, the committee approved SB 1842 on out-of-network referrals after multiple amendments, requiring providers to verify network participation at the point of service and notify patients in writing, though several members and physicians warned it could burden providers and increase workload. The committee also advanced proposed committee bill SB 7028, which revises the Casey DeSantis Cancer Research Program, adds oversight and reporting requirements, creates a pediatric cancer research incubator, and establishes the Bascom-Palmer VisionGen initiative; cancer center representatives testified in strong support, and the bill was reported favorably as a committee bill. SB 172 on specialty titles and designations was amended to clarify enforcement and was reported favorably after supporters said it would prevent misleading use of specialist titles, while opponents argued it could confuse practitioners’ titles. Finally, SB 1690 on surrendered infants was reported favorably after supporters said it would codify and expand safe-haven baby box procedures and opponents raised safety concerns about the devices. The committee also noted SB 1606 remained pending for reconsideration next week before adjourning.

Transcript Highlights:

• I hereby announce the honor to announce the Senate has appointed a committee of five...
• Senate to act with a light committee on the part of the House to escort the Honorable Tim Walz, Governor
• The Senate has appointed Senators Clark, Duckworth, Mann, Nelson, and Xiong.
• The Sergeant-at-Arms will escort the Lieutenant Governor to the front of the chamber.
• Governor Tim Walz has wrapped up his State of the State address.

Transcript Highlights:

• the pressure on the Fed from all the things that we've heard in the news lately, the pressure on Governor
• three agency executives from ESD, HCA, and DSHS, the heads of our respective agencies, and then 10 governor-appointed
• It has everyone I just mentioned, except with fewer governor-appointed positions.
• It has everyone I just mentioned except with a fewer government appointed governor-appointed positions
• The role is to basically give feedback to the State Investment Board. governor appointed positions.

Committee: Joint Pension Funding Council

Summary: The Pension Funding Council met on October 8 with introductions from council members and then heard a presentation from the Office of the State Actuary on long-term economic assumptions and the state pension systems’ financial condition. OSA reported that the combined pension systems were 100% funded as of June 30, 2024, with open plans above 95% funded, and explained that strong investment returns and prior funding policy decisions contributed to that position. The actuaries recommended increasing the inflation assumption from 2.75% to 3%, increasing general salary growth by 0.25%, keeping the Plan 1 membership growth assumption at 1%, and raising the assumed investment return to 7.25% for all plans. They also reviewed estimated budget impacts and explained that investment gains are smoothed over up to eight years, while other assumption changes flow directly into future valuations. The council also heard comments from the Economic and Revenue Forecast Council and the State Investment Board, both of which said their inflation and return outlooks were broadly consistent with the actuary’s recommendations. ERFC discussed inflation trends, the Federal Reserve’s 2% target, and why Seattle-area inflation tends to run above the national average, while SIB said its 15-year inflation assumption is 2.5% and that 7.25% is a reasonable long-term return assumption. Public testimony included support for maintaining Plan 1 funding efforts and caution from the Association of Washington Cities about the budget impact of higher assumptions and the risk of overfunding pensions. The council then considered and adopted a motion to maintain the current prescribed long-term economic assumptions, with a roll call vote of 4-2. It next considered the long-term services and supports trust program and, after hearing an overview from DSHS and OSA, adopted the recommended WA Cares premium rate of 0.58% by a unanimous 6-0 vote. OSA said the WA Cares program is still in its learning phase, with no benefits yet paid, and recommended no premium change at this time regardless of the outcome of the related ballot measure. The council also elected Katie Chapman as chair and then adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• to the Indeterminate Sentence Review Board by Governor Inslee in August of 2024.
• and have your appointment.
• treatment provider advisory committee to the Department of Health for a brief time and then I was appointed
• to the to the indeterminate sentence review board by Governor Inslee in August of 24 so I saw you last
• With that, we're going to close the Senate gubernatorial appointment hearing for Corey McNally and we

Bills: HB2464 , SGA9305

Committee: Senate Human Services

Keywords: detention facilities, law enforcement, reporting requirements, incidents, private detention

Transcript Highlights:

• At least five members appointed to the committee must be representatives of an established passenger
• Members of the committee are appointed to four-year terms.
• could appoint, representatives from the disability community, perhaps structuring.
• But actually, it's named after the first state governor of the state of Washington, Alfred Ferry.
• That was Isaac Stevens, you're thinking of, who was the first territorial governor of this. Okay.

Summary: The Transportation Committee heard briefings and public testimony on four bills. HB 1823, a Transportation Improvement Board cleanup bill, would remove obsolete references, update terms, and repeal outdated sections; a proposed substitute would restore remaining bond authority that the original bill would have inadvertently removed. The sponsor and TIB supported the technical corrections, describing the bill as good-government cleanup, and there were no questions or opposition. HB 2092 would create a Washington State Amtrak Cascades Passenger Rail Advisory Committee to provide regular user feedback to WSDOT; the bill was presented with a fiscal note of about $82,000 this biennium and $156,000 ongoing for staffing. The prime sponsor and multiple advocates supported the concept, while committee members and witnesses raised possible amendments to broaden membership, include disability representation, and possibly add rail industry and statewide passenger rail interests. HB 2111 would allow the Interstate 5 bridge replacement project toll facility bond retirement account to retain its share of interest earnings instead of sending them to the general fund. The sponsor, the Treasurer’s Office, and a business community witness said the change would keep dedicated toll-related revenue with the project and avoid accounting and tax concerns; the bill was described as a technical fix with fiscal impact expected to benefit the project account. HB 2114 would require the Department of Licensing to waive replacement plate fees for defective plates within two years of issuance and allow waivers between two and five years in some cases. The sponsor said the bill responds to widespread plate delamination, especially in eastern Washington, and county auditors and subagents testified in support as a customer-service measure, though they noted the fiscal note seemed high relative to the small number of replacements estimated and asked for clearer definitions and implementation guidance. No votes were taken during the hearing. The chair closed public hearings on HB 1823, HB 2092, and HB 2111 after testimony, and temporarily closed HB 2114 to allow a later opportunity for a witness who had audio issues to testify.

Transcript Highlights:

• I've now been doing this for 29 years, and during all that time, I've seen Governor Gary Locke, Governor
• Gregoire, Governor Inslee, and Governor Ferguson.
• The governor allocated $12 million. We're grateful. It's not enough.
• We want to thank the governor for continuing...
• We appreciate the governor including funds in his budget.

Bills: SB5998

Committee: Senate Ways & Means

Keywords: fiscal appropriations, budget, state funding, financial management, operating expenses

Transcript Highlights:

• AB 2404 simply requires that at least one member on five different governor-appointed bodies... ...requires
• that at least one member on five different governor-appointed bodies include at least one person from
• take into account geographic distribution or geographic representation when making appointments.
• However, what we do see is when we single out one kind of area and... ...appointments.
• with at least some of his appointments.

Summary: The Assembly Education Committee heard a lengthy agenda of education-related bills, with quorum established at the start and several measures taken up on consent or special order. The committee also announced that AB 1644, AB 2362, and later AB 2197 were pulled from the hearing. Members reminded the public of hearing rules and limited testimony to two witnesses each in support and opposition. AB 2651, by Assemblymember Bonta, would require schools to notify parents when school vaccination rates fall below herd-immunity thresholds. Supporters, including physicians, the California State PTA, public health groups, and school employee organizations, argued that families need timely, school-specific information to protect children and vulnerable community members. Opponents raised concerns about privacy, stigma, and whether school-level snapshots could be misleading. The bill passed the committee 5-1 and later 7-1 on the roll call. AB 2509, by Assemblymember Schultz, would allow districts to use a five-year rolling average for ADA funding calculations; supporters said it would stabilize funding amid attendance declines, while one member noted concerns about masking long-term enrollment problems. It passed 5-1 and later 7-2. The committee also approved AB 2430, which would expand after-school access, especially for high school students, improve funding and transparency, and create a work group on program quality. Testimony emphasized the value of expanded learning for youth development and working families, and members discussed the need to address middle school access as well. AB 2526, focused on special education funding, would expand the low-incidence fund to include students qualifying for the California alternate assessment; supporters said it would better align funding with student need, while some concerns remained about over-identification. AB 2325, the Pathways to Bilingual Teaching Act, would create a grant program to build bilingual teacher pipelines through partnerships among schools, community colleges, and universities; it received strong support and passed unanimously. AB 2460, presented by Assemblymember Pellerin for Assemblymember Celeste Rodriguez, would update school mental-health referral protocols to address trauma related to immigration enforcement; it also passed unanimously. AB 2404, which sought to require Central Valley representation on several governor-appointed bodies, drew debate over geographic representation and board composition and ultimately failed on a 2-5 vote.