Transcript Highlights:

• Associated with those construction zones, commercial vehicle operations utilize data and information
• Cams and being able to utilize that for additional, excuse me, eyes on the road.
• I am constantly utilizing your cameras, and so are many people in our state. Mr.
• The AI dash cams we utilize today have made tremendous impacts where we've deployed them.
• Technology, whether it be from AI, utilizing that from a safety perspective, to the integrations.

Transcript Highlights:

• , let's be very clear..." "...There have been multiple, multiple attempts in this state to try to utilize
• of them have failed and will continue to fail if we do not take a systems-based approach to how we utilize
• In the past, the legislature has funded higher education planners in college so they could be utilized
• So it's not just a one size fit all approach to connecting to our utility.
• I believe those are publicly available to be utilized.

Summary: The Senate Housing Committee work session focused first on Civic Commons’ “starter home production plan,” a statewide strategy intended to increase production of homes affordable to households roughly between 60% and 120% of area median income. Presenters said the Covenant Home Ownership program will not succeed without more starter homes, and outlined recommendations including a temporary cross-sector crisis task force, a developer network, new financing tools, public seed funding, and a multi-site demonstration program to test off-site construction and standardized designs. Committee members asked about silos in the current system, the role of off-site and modular construction, target income ranges, and where the plan would be most useful. Civic Commons said the plan is meant to be statewide, community-informed, and respectful of local context, with pre-approved plans and standardized approaches for both single-family and multi-unit housing. The Department of Labor and Industries then gave an update on factory-built housing oversight. Officials said residential factory-built structures are a small but important part of their work and described progress in prioritizing residential plan reviews, which they said has reduced review time from months to about two days. They also reported creating a plans examiner supervisor position, moving forward with rules for third-party plan review and inspection, and beginning analysis of national standards from the Modular Building Institute to see whether they align with state code. Committee members and L&I discussed the value of standardized plans, real-time tracking for applicants, and the role of state inspection in reducing local jurisdictional variation. The Washington State Building and Construction Trades Council testified that it supports efforts to reduce permitting delays and increase housing production, but warned against weakening safety standards or labor protections. The labor representatives said prefabrication and modular construction can help if the workforce is protected, wages and apprenticeship opportunities are preserved, and projects use tools such as community workforce agreements. They also raised concerns about wage theft, misclassification, and unlicensed contractors in residential construction, and suggested stronger front-end contractor education or licensing. Committee members responded that the goal is to expand production without sacrificing safety or good jobs. The committee also heard city perspectives on local housing reforms. Olympia described its affordable housing emergency ordinance, which gives qualifying projects priority in the permitting queue, and said success depends on communication among housing staff, planners, engineers, and developers. Walla Walla, an early adopter of middle housing, reported increased ADUs, duplexes, and smaller-lot development after eliminating single-family zoning and expanding tools such as MFTE and ADU flexibility. Des Moines described adopting middle housing and ADU ordinances in June 2025 after a lengthy public process, while Poulsbo described proactive code changes including duplexes on corner lots, unit lot subdivisions, manufactured home protections, expanded ADU allowances, and pre-approved ADU plans shared with neighboring jurisdictions. No votes were taken during the work session.

Transcript Highlights:

• Everything in our house that's a large utility—refrigerators, dryers, washers—that's metal.
• Everything in our house that's a large utility—refrigerators, dryers, washers—that's metal.
• Andrea Abrejel with the California Municipal Utilities Association, in support.
• Jennifer Williams, East Bay Municipal Utility District, in support.
• Jennifer Williams, East Bay Municipal Utility District in support.

Summary: The committee heard SB 404 on metal shredding facilities, SB 601 on water quality protections after the U.S. Supreme Court’s Sackett decision, SB 682 on phasing out PFOS in certain consumer products, and later SB 646 on prenatal vitamins and toxic metal contamination. SB 561 had been pulled from the hearing. In each of the measures, the authors and supporters emphasized environmental and public health protections, while opponents raised concerns about overregulation, implementation, and unintended economic impacts. The committee also spent time on the policy details of each bill, including how smaller operators would be treated under SB 404, how “nexus waters” would be defined under SB 601, and whether alternatives and testing standards were adequate under SB 682 and SB 646. For SB 404, Senator Caballero said the bill would create a permitting and enforcement framework for metal shredding facilities, with operational standards for fire prevention, stormwater, and releases of shredder residue, while supporters argued it would bring needed certainty to a critical recycling industry. Opponents, including small recyclers and community/environmental advocates, said the bill was either too broad or not strong enough, with some warning it would burden smaller facilities and others arguing it would fail to protect overburdened communities. The committee approved SB 404 on a due-pass-as-amended motion to Appropriations, with recorded support from the chair and some members and opposition from others. SB 601 sought to restore state-level protections for waters that lost federal Clean Water Act coverage after Sackett, using a “nexus waters” framework and revised enforcement provisions after amendments removed the private right of action. Supporters said California needed to preserve protections for seasonal streams and wetlands and avoid backsliding, while opponents from business, agriculture, water districts, and local governments argued the definition remained too broad and could create uncertainty, costs, and unintended consequences. The committee also approved SB 601 on a due-pass motion to Appropriations, again with split votes. SB 682, which the committee also advanced, would phase out intentionally added PFOS in six product categories, including cleaning products, cookware, dental floss, ski wax, food packaging, and juvenile products, with an amendment delaying cookware implementation until 2030. Supporters framed it as a source-control measure to reduce PFAS contamination and lower long-term water treatment costs, while manufacturers and cookware interests argued the bill was overbroad, lacked workable testing standards, and could push consumers and businesses toward uncertain alternatives. The committee chair recommended an aye vote, and the measure passed to Appropriations. SB 646 was then introduced on prenatal vitamins, with supporters saying it would require testing and disclosure of heavy metals like lead, arsenic, cadmium, and mercury, while the opposition said disclosure must be handled carefully so as not to confuse consumers or undermine confidence in prenatal supplements.

Transcript Highlights:

• It was one avenue that we utilized to share the managed care pilot opportunity.
• At this juncture, it's really a little too early to get a complete utilization pattern.
• We utilize text messaging. We utilize email. We also... We utilized text messaging.
• We utilized email. We also saw a great return for face-to-face.
• We do utilize the contact information that we have on file for them.

Summary: The Health and Human Services Committee received an overview of Florida’s intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) managed care pilot, created by legislation in 2023 to test whether a managed care model could integrate Medicaid medical services with iBudget waiver home- and community-based services for adults in pre-enrollment categories. AHCA explained the existing system, the pilot’s scope in Regions D and I, and the rollout timeline, including federal approval, contract execution with Florida Community Care, and the October 2024 go-live. Officials reported that, as of early February, 370 individuals had been sent for onboarding and 168 more were in queue, with about $35.8 million of the appropriation remaining. APD also clarified the difference between the pre-enrollment categories and the waiver waitlist, and noted that crisis cases can be enrolled more quickly depending on eligibility and funding. Florida Community Care described the pilot as a comprehensive managed care model offering medical, long-term care, and iBudget services, plus enhanced benefits such as bed-hold days, caregiver transportation, and help with legal guardianship costs. The plan said it uses one care coordinator, a 1:18 coordinator ratio, a face-to-face assessment within five days of enrollment, and 180 days of continuity of care for existing providers. The company emphasized that it is recruiting providers by offering higher rates than some iBudget rates, lower administrative burden, and network adequacy incentives, while APD said it continues to monitor provider supply and demand and recruit across service types and regions. Members repeatedly questioned whether the pilot’s costs, provider rates, and service levels were truly comparable to the iBudget system, and AHCA and APD said it was too early to draw firm conclusions because claims data are still lagging. Committee members also raised concerns about communication, enrollment delays, provider shortages, and whether the pilot could scale statewide. APD said it has used letters, phone calls, texts, emails, and community meetings to reach eligible individuals, and that some delays stem from required assessments, Medicaid eligibility checks, and level-of-care determinations. Several members asked for more detailed comparisons of costs and provider reimbursement between the pilot and iBudget, and APD said it would provide additional data. Public testimony at the end was strongly critical of managed care, with a participant and his mother describing poor service, transportation failures, and loss of control under prior managed care arrangements, and urging the committee not to expand such a model without safeguards. No votes or formal committee action were taken before adjournment.

Transcript Highlights:

• If you have a question or feedback, please utilize the hand raise function or write your question or
• As the chair said, you can utilize the hand-raise function.
• As the chair said, you can utilize the hand-raise function. I can't see everybody.
• Know how to use it and know when to utilize it, and the appropriate dose and all those things.
• It should be widely available and still utilized.

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The special commission on xylazine met virtually to review and discuss the first draft of its final report. Chair Mindy Domb opened the meeting, confirmed quorum, and the commission approved the minutes from its December 11 public meeting. Staff then walked commissioners through the proposed report structure, including background on xylazine as both an FDA-approved veterinary drug and an illicit drug supply contaminant, as well as appendices for public meeting materials and public resources. The commission discussed findings and recommendations for several working groups. For oversight and enforcement, members focused on licit versus illicit sources of xylazine, noting that the illicit supply is typically obtained through online vendors rather than diverted from veterinary use. Recommendations included better storage and reporting practices in authorized settings, review of manufacturing and distribution information, and focusing enforcement on fentanyl trafficking and large-scale xylazine importation rather than personal possession. Commissioners also discussed whether xylazine should remain in Schedule 6 or be subject to additional penalties, and several members emphasized the need for coordination, information-sharing, and possibly a DPH task force or advisory body to monitor emerging drug threats. For outreach and treatment, staff summarized strong existing programs such as drug checking, wound care education, naloxone distribution, mobile and low-threshold care, and self-directed wound kits, while noting gaps including the lack of an FDA-approved reversal agent for xylazine, difficulty distinguishing xylazine from other exposures, and uneven access by geography, insurance, and audience. Commissioners stressed the need for provider education, including physicians, nurses, pharmacists, family support networks, and first responders, and for clear guidance on wound care and when more intensive treatment is needed. The education and training section identified first responders, clinicians, non-clinicians, and people who use drugs and their families as key audiences for tailored, stigma-free materials, with emphasis on real-time, centralized data, naloxone and breathing support, recognition of overdose versus xylazine exposure, and adapting materials as the drug supply changes. The meeting ended with discussion of next steps: staff will circulate a revised draft by March 2, the commission will meet again on March 9 to consider the report and recommendations, and an additional late-March meeting was reserved if needed before the statutory deadline.

Transcript Highlights:

• So, with that, utilities credit rating.
• And that includes states where Southern Company owns the utility provider there.
• And that includes states where Southern Company owns the utility provider there.
• And in my world, private world, it is not power, but it is utility.
• world, is not power, but it is utility. world, is not power, but it is utility.

Bills: HB475

Keywords: 923, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Goodlot and the behavioral health costs and utilization. Good afternoon, Mr.
• In the cost and utilization of the Medicaid behavioral health.
• Table 4 shows that telehealth cost and utilization is down.
• Substation in Shiprock, and how we could utilize a workforce element of a technician.
• They get references and resources that they can utilize.

Transcript Highlights:

• So we'll start with panel one, California Public Utilities Commission Administration.
• And Tara Curtis, California Public Utilities Commission Director for Consumer Protection and Enforcement
• How regularly is the CPSC publishing its own data analyses or utilizing...
• Utilizing the data internally for regulatory purposes? We do. We use it all the time. Okay.
• So we use utilize TNCs and rideshare to get people to actually utilize public transportation instead

Keywords: 988, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• AB 2424, Korea, Public Utility Commission Advisory Board, holding committee.
• AB 2700, Gallagher, utility rates and electric rates, Utility rates and electric rates and utility wildfire
• AB 2493, Petrinoris, utility auditor, do pass. That's out on a B roll call.
• AB 2338, Ransom, utility rate cases, held in committee.
• AB 1975, Schultz, distribution grid utilization metric, held in committee.

Keywords: 988, house, all

Summary: The Assembly Appropriations Committee held its May 14, 2026 suspense-file hearing and considered 637 Assembly bills, plus several committee bills and one Senate bill. The chair opened by explaining the committee’s budget constraints and the factors guiding decisions: fiscal impact, return on investment, avoiding added costs to constituents, and protecting the state’s social safety net. The agenda was organized alphabetically by author, and the committee noted that results would be posted later that day online. The committee then took action on a very large number of measures, with many bills receiving do pass or do pass as amended recommendations and many others held in committee. Topics covered a wide range of policy areas, including housing, health care, education, public safety, labor, environmental regulation, wildfire mitigation, water, transportation, cannabis, AI, and state governance. Several bills were amended to reduce costs, narrow scope, remove provisions, or make them contingent on appropriations or existing resources; some were advanced on A or B roll calls, while others were held. Among the notable actions, the committee advanced bills on Medi-Cal, CalFresh, child care, school and higher education programs, wildfire and fire safety, housing financing, and various criminal justice and public safety measures. It also moved forward a number of bills related to tribal issues, consumer protections, energy and utility policy, and environmental programs. At the end of the hearing, the chair stated that the committee had moved a large number of bills to the Assembly floor and adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• Senate Bill 863 will let some water utilities use the water in parts of their service areas that fall
• Potentially create a problem for these, uh, utility, uh, utilities, uh, if they started to serve, uh,
• a public utility agency.
• So there is no longer any need for the public utility agency.
• But the thing that hasn't been spoken about is that water utilities, retail water utilities by laws passed

Bills: HB 5208, SB 863, SB 1243, SB 1624, SB 1965, SB 2660, SB 2702, SB 2885

Keywords: water filtration, public drinking water, health and safety, well maintenance, water quality, Edwards Aquifer, water conservation, reclaimed water, aquifer storage, environmental protection, public utility agency, dissolution, local government, regulatory framework, municipal authority, Texas Water Bank, Texas Water Trust, water rights, water banking, instream flow

Transcript Highlights:

• HB 4314 makes certain that these types of ESG practices are not utilized at the local level.
• utilization is still set to that design criteria.
• So, I will tell you that we are a water, wastewater, and reclaimed water utility.
• Or our utility to give a credit for stormwater diminishment.
• So I mean that's really one of the kind of the touch points with the utility.

Bills: HB158, HB714, HB 1198, HB1630, HB1998, HB3509, HB3788, HB3875, HB3948, HB3977, HB4097, HB4313, HB4314, HB4317, HB158

Keywords: housing, veterans, surplus government property, affordable housing, funding sources, housing assistance, homeless prevention, landlord incentives, rural housing, domestic violence, community development, tenant readiness, program participants, financial assistance, homelessness, rental support, Texas Tenant Readiness Program, tenant assistance, housing stability, Texas Department of Housing

Transcript Highlights:

• Existing law prohibits utility companies from directly applying for the DIAG program, including utilities
• This bill, House Bill 561, would allow public utility companies like the San Antonio Water System to
• The San Antonio Water System is the primary water and wastewater utility in Military City, USA.
• It's only water utilities.
• You'd have to be a defense community and a separate water utility.

Bills: HCR92, HB 114, HB561, HB 1171, HB1894, HB2026, HB2143, HB2337, HB2564, HB114

Keywords: Tuskegee Airmen, commemoration, African American history, civil rights, military recognition, veterans, mental health, Texas Veterans Commission, peer support, suicide prevention, community mental health, grant program, defense, grants, local government, economic support, community development, health and wellness, outdoor recreation, state land use

Transcript Highlights:

• The initial roll out of this is likely going to be the utilization of existing infrastructure.
• Utilization FAA is loosening payloads so they can do more.
• We've already spoken about the different utilization factors with the EV toll. Some will be taxis.
• I work with our boat on multiple that are tions of drones and utilization.
• We talked about battlefield utilization become casualties and fly to different places.

Keywords: 999, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• And we believe that those could be more effectively utilized.
• And we believe that those could be more effectively utilizing. These types of positions.
• And we believe that those could be more effectively utilized if they're positioned within the community
• However, we have the means to carry out that resource utilization within our communities.
• But we definitely do utilize those resources.

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The Special Commission on Correctional Consolidation and Collaboration met on June 15 with co-chairs Senator Will Brownsberger and Representative Dan Hunt. After deciding not to approve prior meeting summary notes at this session, the commission heard testimony from the Massachusetts Parole Officers Association (Brian Lucier and Shauna Hawksley). They described parole officers’ work in both institutions and the community, including housing, mental health, substance use, employment, education, and benefits referrals, and argued that parole officers often know local service providers best. They also said the former reentry navigator positions were lost in 2025 and that regional reentry centers used in the past helped reduce duplication and improve information sharing; they urged more funding, staffing, and training, and said parole should be better integrated with MPTC/POST training and with community-based reentry resources. Commission members asked about the relationship between parole and Community Justice Support Centers, training and arrest authority, revocation practices, and coordination with sheriffs and the Department of Correction. The witnesses said CJSC access is limited by location, transportation, and scheduling, while parole’s older reentry centers were referral-based and did not require regular attendance. They also said parole officers are special state police officers with arrest authority, receive a parole-specific academy plus firearms/defensive tactics/first responder training, and would benefit from more formal reentry training. On revocations, they said they lacked data but believed parole now returns fewer people for mental health or first-time substance use issues and focuses more on public safety threats. They also said collaboration with sheriffs and DOC reentry staff is generally good but still suffers from duplicative referrals and last-minute changes that can undo work done inside facilities. After testimony, the commission discussed next steps, including extending its reporting deadline from September 30 to November 30 through the pending budget, finishing remaining DOC facility visits in the fall, and holding additional meetings on mental health and other unresolved issues. Members also discussed whether to seek more input from the judiciary and district attorneys, with agreement to continue outreach and document responses. The meeting ended with a motion to adjourn, and the commission indicated it would reconvene in the fall.

Transcript Highlights:

• This just gives us better insight into the ones that we are actually utilizing on our plan and gives
• We are actually utilizing on our plan and gives us better control and appropriate utilization of these
• treatment that's been a long-term treatment, we always have the appeal process for our members to utilize
• treatment that's been a long-term treatment, we always have the appeal process for our members to utilize
• But I'm okay with it as long as the motion is with the contingency that, if we do utilize that, that

Summary: The State Insurance Programs Oversight Subcommittee met on June 17 and reviewed a series of Employee Benefits Division and Office of Property Risk items. The committee approved formulary changes for March and April that favored lower-cost generics, removed some new-to-market drugs from coverage pending more evidence, and made maintenance changes to migraine and diabetes medications. Members also approved a cell and gene therapy policy that would route those therapies through prior authorization rather than automatic coverage; officials said the process should not delay urgent cases and that no current members would be affected. The committee then reviewed a UAMS pharmacy benefit consultant contract amendment, but after extended discussion about the written scope and dollar amounts, the motion was approved with the understanding that any use of optional services would return to the committee for further review. The committee also reviewed the U.S. Able Mutual/Blue Advantage third-party administration contract and the CompSack employee assistance program contract, which officials said would reduce per-member costs and add services. The subcommittee approved proposed 2027 rates for state employees and public employees, with a 9.8% increase for state employees and a 4.9% increase for public school employees. Officials also reported that the UnitedHealthcare rebid was in its final negotiation stage and would return in August, with medical and pharmacy coverage split as previously recommended. In response to questions, the director said the division was considering broader preventive-care offerings, including weight-loss drug coverage, but would proceed cautiously and with strong utilization controls and holistic support if such a program were adopted. On the property risk side, the committee reviewed permanent rules making prior temporary rules permanent, a contingency-fee subrogation contract, and renewals for claims management, actuarial services, and investment management. Members raised concerns about Sedgwick’s claim-adjustment timeliness and communication with school districts after severe weather events; officials said performance guarantees and communication expectations had been strengthened, but the renewal was kept at three years for continuity. Finally, the committee approved 2026-27 captive insurance program rates, which included no change to minimum deductibles, a 10% overall rate reduction, and bucketed rate changes by entity type. Officials said the captive program was working as intended, with improved actuarial support and claims experience, and the meeting adjourned after the approvals.

Transcript Highlights:

• that our our utilities stay affordable. that our our utilities stay affordable.
• be connected to to all the utilities be connected to to all the utilities because<02:00:19.920><
• <02:02:43.040> could the risk is real that utilities could the risk is real that utilities
• <02:12:24.000> So and a utility pro. All right. Right. So and a utility pro. All right.
• between a large local and a utility between a large local and a utility promotes<02:12:47.840>

Keywords: 1136, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• How does health care access or utilization affect the financial performance of a CCRC?
• will be, and then through that utilization estimate the CCRC is able to budget accordingly.
• And what we generally see is if all levels of care are being utilized, if you budget accordingly and
• Every year they're looking at our health care utilization or expected health Every year they're looking
• at our health care utilization or expected health care utilization to make sure that we have sufficient

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The commission met at Brookhaven at Lexington to continue discussing continuing care retirement communities (CCRCs), with a focus on financial viability, entrance fees, refund policies, and how the industry is evolving. Speakers explained that nonprofit CCRCs have shifted away from building entirely new campuses since the 2008 financial crisis, and now more often grow through expansions, affiliations, mergers, or added home- and community-based services. They also noted that many newer CCRCs, especially nationwide, are being built without on-campus skilled nursing, relying instead on assisted living, memory care, or off-site arrangements, and that zoning and local approval can affect expansion plans. A substantial portion of the discussion centered on financial health and consumer protection. Panelists said the most important indicators of a strong CCRC are high occupancy, strong liquidity, and reinvestment in the property, with low occupancy and declining days cash on hand cited as warning signs. They described how actuarial reviews are used to estimate health care utilization and set pricing, and said staffing shortages are often a bigger financial pressure than resident care utilization itself. On refunds, speakers said entrance-fee refunds are generally paid when a unit is resold and the new entrance fee is received, and that resident refunds are usually protected even in bankruptcy, though residents are unsecured creditors. Massachusetts examples such as Reed’s Landing and the Groves were cited as cases where residents remained in place and refunds were ultimately protected. The group also discussed a pending disclosure bill on Beacon Hill related to entrance fees and refund transparency. LeadingAge Massachusetts said it supports clearer disclosure so residents understand refund provisions, and reported that among surveyed member CCRCs, the average time to provide an entrance-fee refund over the past two years was about 117 days. Participants emphasized the need to balance consumer protection with preserving the financial stability of the communities. The commission also reviewed upcoming dates: a virtual public hearing/listening session on June 16, the next commission meeting on June 23, and a later discussion planned on consumer rights, protections, and advertising practices. The meeting concluded with introductions of commission members and an invitation for attendees to tour the Brookhaven campus.

Transcript Highlights:

• This will just sit on the books and not be utilized.
• Since this is an open-ended prohibition on utilizing taxpayer dollars.
• What it's saying is that you're not going to be able to utilize taxpayer dollars to fund that.
• What this pertains to is that taxpayer funds are Not going to be utilized to make those referrals.
• What it says is we're not going to utilize taxpayer dollars to do that.

Bills: HB3057, HB3130, HB3310, HB3314, HB3985, HB4113, HB4486

Keywords: government reporting, information technology, child welfare, environmental policy, state agency compliance, gender transition, minors, health services, punitive damages, parental rights, health care providers, purchasing, compliance, state employees, longevity pay, contract management, marijuana tax, public service impact tax, county funding, voter approval

Transcript Highlights:

• . >> THIS TIME REPRESENTATIVE TANT AS WE KNOW AI IS PRETTY NEW IN REGARDS TO HOW IT IS BEING UTILIZED
• BUT WE DON'T CURRENTLY HAVE A FRAMEWORK UNDER OUR AS IT PERTAINS TO WHAT IS CURRENTLY BEING UTILIZED
• THERE'S NOTHING IN THE BILL THAT UTILIZES THAT TERMINOLOGY EXPLICIT OR IMPLICIT.
• UTILIZING TOOLS LIKE AI CAN HELP INSURANCE COMPANIES BECOME MORE EFFICIENT.
• SO WE WANT AI TO BE UTILIZED FOR THE RIGHT REASONS SO WE DIDN'T WANT TO DRAFT LEGISLATION.

Transcript Highlights:

• HAVE DEPLOYED AND WHAT'S TO COME WITH OUR PROGRAM AND RECENT GRANT PROGRAM WE LAUNCHED OCTOBER 1 THE UTILITY
• AS MENTIONED THE UTILITY RELOCATION REIMBURSEMENT GRANT PROGRAM IS UNDER OUR UMBRELLA IN THE OFFICE OF
• THE LAST WE HAVE THE UTILITY RELOCATION GRANT PROGRAM.
• GARCIA AND I WILL OPEN IT UP FOR QUESTIONS, THE UTILITY RELOCATION CAN YOU DESCRIBE WHAT THAT IS, THAT
• WE'RE ALSO WORKING WITH OUR ELECTRIC UTILITIES ON ALL ATTACHMENTS.