Video & Transcript Research : 'stop arm'

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US
Transcript Highlights:
  • As a member of both the Armed Services and Intelligence Committees, she has shown an exceptional command
  • As a senior member of the House Armed Services Committee and the House Intelligence Committee, Elise
  • other than the Lebanese armed forces.
  • the killing, stopping the bloodshed.
  • To an end, a peaceful resolution stopping the killing, stopping the bloodshed.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Education Policy Committee 2/18/26

Education Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • It has led to the patrolling of schools and bus stops by armed, masked, and poorly trained immigration
  • It has led to the patrolling of schools and bus stops by armed, masked, and poorly trained immigration
  • It has led to the patrolling of schools and bus stops by armed, masked, and poorly trained immigration
  • The bus stopped.
  • Let's talk about our bus stops. There's one on my home is a bus stop.
Bills: HF3435, HF3409
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

05/11/2026 - Senate Director Nominations

Director Nominations

Transcript Highlights:
  • And you're now in the position where the buck stops with you.
  • The buck does stop with you, though.
  • Armed Forces members, including the National Guard and Ready Reserve.
  • That's just, like, full stop. That's what it exists for.
  • That's just like full stop. That's what it exists for.
Keywords: 1182, all
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Preventing Gun Violence in Minnesota – Senator Ron Latz Mar 7th, 2026

Minnesota Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • ,<00:04:12.920> change before you have to stop, change before you have to stop, change magazines
  • in and maybe stop the shooting altogether. altogether. altogether.
  • Next stop, they're going to be in your closets taking away your firearms.
  • Next stop, they're going under the tent.
  • the right to bear arms under the Second<00:10:33.280> Amendment.
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
Summary: The interview focused on Minnesota gun violence prevention efforts following the June shootings of the Hortmans and Hoffmans and the Annunciation shooting. The senator said those events prompted him and Senator Zaynab Mohamed to form a gun violence prevention working group during the interim to gather public and expert input, explore ideas, and build bipartisan support. He said the group was meant to set the stage for session work, and that several ideas vetted there are now appearing in legislative proposals, along with a package from the governor’s office. Asked what the legislature should prioritize, the senator said there is no single solution and outlined a multi-pronged approach: enforcing and expanding red flag and universal background check laws, considering an assault weapons ban and high-capacity magazine limits, banning ghost guns and binary triggers, improving firearm storage and security, and increasing school counseling and wraparound mental health supports. He emphasized that mental health alone is not the cause of violence, but said better identification of students in distress and easier access to care could help. He also argued that these measures can coexist with the Second Amendment and said regulation is appropriate to keep firearms from people with violent criminal histories, domestic violence histories, or other prohibitions. On politics and prospects, he said passage will depend on bipartisan negotiation in a closely divided legislature, noting that some Democrats and Republicans are uncomfortable with certain proposals while others are open to them. He said he is willing to adjust language, as he did on earlier red flag and background check laws, and hopes members will work with him and Senator Mohamed, especially in swing districts. If no package passes this session, he said the issue will return next session and voters should hold legislators accountable in the next election. He closed by telling families affected by gun violence that lawmakers are working on the issue now and should not wait for another mass shooting, adding that gun violence also includes suicides and other daily deaths, not just mass shootings.
TX

Texas 89th 2nd C.S.

Homeland Security, Public Safety & Veterans' Affairs Apr 14th, 2025

Homeland Security, Public Safety & Veterans' Affairs

Transcript Highlights:
  • Uh, I don't want to be rude or seem rude, but as soon as we hit 2 minutes, I will kind of abruptly stop
  • , um, somebody who's been convicted of, uh, smuggling arms, illegally trading arms, etc.
  • Stop this madness.
  • Whether they are armed school marshals or armed civilians, we know they're a real risk to carrying guns
  • armed resistance is the fastest way to end those events.
Bills: HB259
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Committee on Public Safety and Homeland Security Jun 21st, 2026 at 01:00 pm

Joint Committee on Public Safety and Homeland Security

Transcript Highlights:
  • They are not armed.
  • There was probably 10 people working, and they did not stop.
  • And while I was there, they couldn't even stop to eat lunch.
  • The Cold War arms race ended.
  • So I think we were at a point of The nuclear arms race.
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The Joint Committee on Public Safety and Homeland Security held a public hearing on a wide range of bills affecting law enforcement, corrections, fire services, emergency management, telecommunicators, and sex offender policy. Testimony strongly focused on proposals to restore an education incentive for Massachusetts State Police troopers hired after the Quinn Bill was repealed, with State Police Association witnesses arguing the current system creates unfair pay disparities, hurts recruitment and retention, and leaves newer troopers earning less than some supervisors with the same or less education. They urged favorable reports on H. 2651, S. 1759, and S. 1783. A separate witness also supported H. 2627, a sheriff’s pay-parity bill, while suggesting amendments to avoid distinctions between correction officers and jail officers and warning that the proposal should not be viewed as a funding issue alone. The committee also heard testimony on public safety and oversight bills. A rape survivor testified in support of S. 1663, arguing that municipal fire or police personnel convicted of sex offenses should not remain in positions of public trust. Senator Miranda testified in support of S. 1723, S. 1724, and S. 1727, which would create correctional officer training/accountability standards, a correctional inspector general, and privileged communication with legislators for incarcerated people; he said the bills respond to misconduct and lack of independent oversight in the Department of Correction. In contrast, the Fire Chiefs Association and Professional Fire Fighters opposed H. 2572/S. 1668/S. 1740 on emergency management, saying the bill was developed without enough collaboration, lacked local-control safeguards, and could undermine incident command and local decision-making during disasters. Several panels supported other public safety measures. The Fire Chiefs Association and PFFM backed S. 1641 and S. 1744 to create a Massachusetts Public Safety Building Authority to help fund fire station and municipal public safety building projects, and supported S. 1647 to implement the Walsh-Kennedy Commission recommendations on hot works and welding safety, including tougher penalties and training requirements. Witnesses also supported H. 2664/S. 1736 to create a hoisting machinery regulations board, saying current licensing standards for heavy equipment are too minimal. Another panel backed H. 2663/S. 1761 to classify 911 telecommunicators as first responders, citing stress, burnout, and the expanding role of dispatchers. Finally, an attorney from CPCS testified in opposition to S. 1752, warning that expanded sex offender residency restrictions would likely increase homelessness, make supervision harder, and raise constitutional concerns based on prior court rulings.
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

06/12/2026 - House Floor Session

Arizona House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Sergeant at Arms. Mr. Speaker, Mr.
  • A deal that, if the hardworking people stopped petitioning to stop ESA, per the rules, the members will
  • But let's stop the will of the voter.
  • Politicians on both sides need to stop.
  • The gallery will please stop. HCR 2048.
Summary: The House convened, completed roll call, approved the journal, and took up several Senate bills and one Senate concurrent resolution through motions to reconsider, return bills for reconsideration, and refer measures to additional Committee of the Whole sessions for further amendment. Early actions included returning SB 1175 and SB 1198 to the Senate for reconsideration, rescinding passage of SB 1336 so it could be reconsidered, and referring SB 1111 and SB 152 to an additional COW. The House also recognized Representative Travers for a personal privilege statement honoring National Women Veterans Recognition Day and recorded attendance. In Committee of the Whole, members adopted floor amendments and recommended passage for SB 1511, SB 1552, SB 1198, SB 1110, SB 1618, SB 1431, and SCR 1004, with some debate on SB 1110’s home-confinement/reentry program, SB 1618’s Military Affairs Commission changes, and SB 1431’s city and town authority over residential project standards and streetscapes. The House later adopted the COW reports and moved the measures to engrossing or third reading as appropriate. SB 1336 and SB 1519 were also advanced from committee, while SB 1004 was reconsidered and ultimately failed on reconsideration. On third or final reading, the House passed SB 1127, SB 1180, SB 1428, SB 1198, SB 1336, SB 1511, SCR 1004, SB 1552, HB 2104, HB 2105, HB 2114, HB 2311, HB 2729, and HB 4117. SB 1687, SB 1004, SB 1519, and SB 1502 failed. Members explained votes on several measures, including support for tax administration clarity in SB 1180, objections and support for the May primary proposal in SB 1687, concerns about sex offender monitoring in SB 1004, support for the Arizona Beef Council in SB 1198, and debate over the photo enforcement referral in SCR 1004. The session also included recesses for caucuses, lunch, and dinner, plus a brief technical outage of the live stream.
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

PSM Public Hearing 02-02-2026

Public Safety and Military Affairs

Transcript Highlights:
  • That is why the right to bear arms, meaning to carry arms, were Hunters form an important part of the
  • That is why the right to bear arms, meaning to carry arms, were Spear guns, fishing gear, and knives
  • That is why the right to bear arms, meaning to carry arms, were ...carry arms were specifically protected
  • And if you're armed, the good guys a lot of times stop crime.
  • <01:25:09.520> So, guys a lot of times stop crime. So, guys a lot of times stop crime.
Keywords: 912, senate, all
Summary: The committee heard extensive testimony on Senate Bill 433, which would restrict the carrying of “bladed weapons” and related items. The Office of the Public Defender, Honolulu Police Department, the Hawaii Firearms Coalition, Knife Rights, and many individual testifiers opposed the bill, arguing it is overbroad, vague, and likely unconstitutional. Common concerns were that the term “bladed weapon” could sweep in ordinary tools such as pocketknives, Leathermans, multi-tools, fishing and camping gear, and items used by farmers, ranchers, hunters, divers, and martial arts practitioners. Several speakers also warned that the bill could burden lawful self-defense and create an affirmative-defense scheme that shifts costs and proof burdens onto defendants. Supporters and opponents alike focused on the need for a clearer definition, with HPD saying a narrower definition would help distinguish ordinary tools from dangerous weapons used in assaults. Opponents repeatedly urged the committee to defer or kill the measure, citing pending and related court cases and the risk of new constitutional challenges. Some testifiers tied the bill to Native Hawaiian gathering rights and subsistence practices, saying it would interfere with hunting, fishing, and food gathering, while others argued it would do little to deter criminals and instead penalize law-abiding residents and visitors. After finishing testimony on SB 433, the committee moved on to Senate Bill 2575 relating to firearms. The transcript shows the start of that item with the Office of the Public Defender and other agencies being called, but no substantive testimony or action on SB 2575 is included before the excerpt ends. No votes or final committee actions are reflected in the portion provided.
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

02/11/2026 - House Judiciary

Judiciary

Transcript Highlights:
  • They were armed. I'm saying that scenario, would that fall under?
  • Is that the scenario you're trying to stop?
  • we're trying to stop.
  • That group was called upon to do so and to stop something.
  • The bill actually is about stopping men from abusing women.
Summary: The committee heard several bills dealing with criminal penalties, probation, record sealing, fraud jurisdiction, reproductive coercion, and family court evidence. HB 2047 would elevate trespass after service of a writ of restitution from third-degree to first-degree criminal trespass; supporters, including the Arizona Constables Association, said the current misdemeanor classification leads law enforcement to deprioritize unsafe eviction-related situations. The bill passed with a do pass recommendation on a 6-2 vote. HB 2136 would create offenses for civil terrorism and subversion, expand racketeering predicates, and increase penalties for certain coordinated disorderly conduct and highway obstruction; supporters said it targets organized intimidation and violent disruption, while opponents from the ACLU and immigrant-rights groups argued it is vague, viewpoint-discriminatory, and would chill protest. After extensive debate over January 6th, ICE protests, and Arizona protest examples, it also received a do pass recommendation, 6-3. HB 2970 would clarify that Arizona can prosecute fraudulent schemes and artifice even if every act occurred outside a single county or subdivision, so long as there is an Arizona nexus. The sponsor said local law enforcement and the FBI often decline smaller mortgage-fraud cases because the bank is out of state; opponents said existing law already provides jurisdiction and warned of forum shopping. The bill passed 6-3. HB 2411 would make secretly administering abortion-inducing drugs to a pregnant woman without her knowledge or consent a class 2 felony; supporters framed it as a protection against coercion and abuse, while opponents said existing assault laws already cover the conduct and warned about unintended effects on access to miscarriage care. It also passed 6-3. HB 2198 would allow people convicted of petty offenses to petition to seal their records immediately after completing their sentence. Supporters described it as a cleanup measure to extend sealing relief to minor offenses like truancy or low-level misdemeanors, and the bill passed unanimously. HB 2966 would prohibit early termination of probation for people convicted of dangerous crimes against children; the sponsor argued that child victims should not have to repeatedly return to court, while opponents raised ex post facto concerns, juvenile-offender issues, and resource burdens. After testimony from victims, defense advocates, and the Maricopa County Attorney’s Office, it passed 5-4. Finally, HB 2662 would tighten expert-evidence standards in parenting-time cases involving alleged domestic violence or abuse by requiring qualified experts, empirically supported methods, and excluding polygraph-type evidence; the sponsor and a domestic violence advocate said it would reduce reliance on junk science in family court.
NH

New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session

Senate Judiciary (04/14/2026)

Judiciary

Transcript Highlights:
  • action of a person that's bearing arms. action of a person that's bearing arms.
  • students would have to stop crime.
  • sponsor has said are um that armed sponsor has said are um that armed students<02:17:17.920>
  • responds to stop an active threat. responds to stop an active threat.
  • I should have<04:20:43.199> stopped. have stopped. have stopped.
Keywords: 1191, senate, all
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Homeland Security, Public Safety & Veterans' Affairs Apr 14th, 2025

Homeland Security, Public Safety & Veterans' Affairs

Transcript Highlights:
  • An armed 14-year-old girl was shot by a 19-year-old male.
  • This would stop that behavior.
  • The Texas Constitution protects the rights of Americans and Texans to keep and bear arms.
  • someone who's been convicted of smuggling arms, illegally trading arms, et cetera.
  • Arms simply have no place, and I'd urge an unfavorable report on this bill.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Limiting access to child care center facilities discussed 3/4/26

Minnesota House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • My daughter has stopped heartbreaking.
  • protect children from witnessing armed protect children from witnessing armed enforcement<00:21:
  • “Don't stop.” So I drove.
  • And I really wish we could count on it. people tried to stop him, they said, he people tried to stop
  • And we have a thriving immigrant community. hasn't stopped. Uh we've had upwards of hasn't stopped.
Keywords: 1183, house
Summary: The committee took up House File 3415, a bill aimed at limiting immigration enforcement activity at child care centers. House Research explained the DE1 amendment, which defined key terms and barred child care employees from consenting to civil immigration enforcement entry without a judicial warrant, while requiring officials to identify themselves and state their purpose; the amendment also clarified that it would not block officials administering child care programs. After brief debate, members adopted the DE1 amendment. The bill author, Representative Sensor Mura, said the measure was intended to address fear and disruption in child care settings caused by recent immigration enforcement activity and to keep those spaces safe for children and families. Supporters, including a pastor, a Children’s Defense Fund representative, parents, child care workers, and an ACLU policy counsel, testified that immigration enforcement near daycares has caused fear, staff absences, lockdowns, and emotional harm to children. They argued the bill would not stop lawful enforcement but would require warrants and basic identification before entry, protecting children from witnessing raids or arrests and giving providers clear rules. Several witnesses described specific incidents involving ICE activity near Spanish immersion daycares in Minneapolis and St. Paul, including staff members being detained, parents organizing safety watches, and children showing distress. Testimony emphasized that many affected children are U.S. citizens in immigrant families and that visible enforcement can create toxic stress and separation anxiety. No final action on the bill was taken in the portion of the meeting provided beyond adoption of the DE1 amendment and continuation of testimony.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Floor Session 2/19/26

Minnesota House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • So, it needs to make a stop in both public safety and transportation.
  • federal government has put a stop on it. federal government has put a stop on it.
  • wife, she stopped to support a neighbor. wife, she stopped to support a neighbor.
  • He was surrounded by masked armed federal agents.
  • circling schools, school bus stops. circling schools, school bus stops.
Keywords: 1183, house
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

06/12/2026 - House Floor Session

Arizona House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Please stop. Representative, I'll take it from here, okay? Thank you. Representative, please stop.
  • But let's stop the will of the voters. would believe, but let's stop the will of the voters.
  • The gallery will please stop. We have rules in this place. The gallery will please stop.
  • Can you please stop? He should stop. You guys allow it all the time.
  • Thank you, Sergeant at Arms.
Keywords: 1182, all
KY
Transcript Highlights:
  • And make no arms shall not be infringed.
  • Americans are safer in a well-armed Americans are safer in a well-armed society. society. society
  • or unar armed.
  • Now, to the point armed or unar armed.
  • <00:47:49.839> or reports of a shooting at a bus stop or reports of a shooting at a bus stop
Summary: The House convened, received the invocation and Pledge of Allegiance, established a quorum with 89 members present, excused absent members, and suspended rules to allow co-sponsorships and vote modifications. The chamber approved the prior day’s journal and received notice that the Senate had passed SB 13, 22, 46, 51, and 90 and requested concurrence. On second reading, HB 134 (sexual assault nurse examiners), HB 168 with HCS 1 (voting under the influence), and HR 7 (recognizing guiding principles of elections in Kentucky) were reported. The House also recommitted HB 258 to the Transportation Committee and took up HB 312 for third reading and passage. HB 312, relating to concealed firearms and deadly weapons, drew the bulk of the debate. The sponsor argued the bill would allow law-abiding 18- to 20-year-olds to obtain a provisional concealed carry license, saying they are adults in other respects, the Second Amendment protects their right to bear arms, and Kentucky should align with other states. Supporters framed the measure as a constitutional rights issue and cited defensive gun use statistics, while one member argued the root problem is family upbringing rather than guns. Opponents said the bill would increase risks in schools and public spaces, pointed to concerns from school district police and SROs, and cited research linking younger age groups and loosened carry laws to higher firearm violence; they also argued the bill would make communities less safe and that no one’s rights would be taken away by voting no. The sponsor said no stakeholder had expressed opposition and clarified the bill would not change where firearms are permitted. The transcript provided does not include the final vote on HB 312.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Minnesota Gov. Tim Walz delivers State of the State address 4/28/26

Minnesota House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Minnesotans have their arms wrapped around you.
  • their arms wrapped around you. their arms wrapped around you.
  • What you really mean is you won't do more to stop gun violence.
  • If you talk legislation to stop it.
  • You got to want to stop it, not just talk about it.
Keywords: 919, house, all
Summary: This was Governor Tim Walz’s final State of the State address to the Minnesota Legislature. He opened by recognizing legislative leaders, constitutional officers, tribal leaders, the judiciary, and members of his administration, then asked for a moment of silence for the Hortman family and spoke at length about recent tragedies, including the Annunciation Church shooting, political violence, the COVID-19 pandemic, and what he described as the impacts of federal immigration enforcement in Minnesota. He framed the address around resilience, unity, and the state’s response to grief and disruption. Walz reviewed major accomplishments from his time in office, emphasizing investments in education, child care, free school meals, housing, infrastructure, climate initiatives, paid family leave, voting access, and worker protections. He also highlighted tax cuts, rebate checks, Social Security tax relief, medical debt protections, and efforts to lower costs for families. Looking ahead, he proposed expanding the dependent care tax credit, cutting the statewide sales tax for the first time, adding housing and first-time homebuyer support, and providing aid to businesses and households affected by Operation Metro Surge. A major portion of the speech focused on public safety and fraud prevention. Walz said he wanted lawmakers to reestablish the binary trigger ban, pass additional gun violence measures including bans on weapons of war and high-capacity magazines, and strengthen safe storage and insurance requirements for firearms. He also urged passage of his anti-fraud package, which would increase penalties, create a centralized fraud prevention office, and restructure human services administration to improve oversight and program integrity. He closed by urging lawmakers to act on these proposals during his remaining months in office and said the next governor would inherit a fiscally strong state.
US
Transcript Highlights:
  • The Senate Armed Services Committee.
  • . the State Department as well as a development arm, and I would certainly support that.
  • with nuclear weapons would be the consequences of using force to try to stop them.
  • The question is how to stop them. Let me be clear up front on a couple points.
  • Use military force to stop Iran from going nuclear.
Summary: The meeting focused on critical defense and security matters, particularly concerning the ongoing geopolitical tensions involving China and Russia. There were discussions surrounding U.S. military readiness, with significant emphasis on the potential threats posed by China in the Indo-Pacific region. Members expressed concerns about America's military capabilities in relation to the growing Chinese fleet and the importance of maintaining strong alliances with nations like Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. Additionally, the notion of prioritizing the defense industrial base was highlighted, emphasizing the need for effective procurement and modernization efforts to counter adversarial threats. Furthermore, notable commentary included a reference to President Zelensky's remarks regarding peace negotiations with Ukraine, expressing a willingness for further cooperation with the U.S.
KY

Kentucky 2026 Regular Session

House Legislative Session Day 13 (1-23-26) - Resumed

Kentucky House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • I've got to feel them break in my arms thinking about their child that won't come home again, won't sit
  • And so last year, back at home, when I watched the news and I heard reports of a shooting at a bus stop
  • I need them to not be afraid to go to the bus stop and not be afraid to go to the park, places where
  • I've got to feel them break in my arms I've got to feel them break in my arms thinking<00:00:48.879><
  • <00:01:52.640> or reports of a shooting at a bus stop or reports of a shooting at a bus stop
Summary: The House took up House Bill 312, which would expand concealed carry rights to 18- to 20-year-olds. Debate focused heavily on gun violence, public safety, constitutional rights, and whether the bill would make schools, parks, and other public places less safe. Opponents argued that young people are not ready for the responsibility, cited recent shootings and gun deaths in their districts, and said families had not asked for this bill. Supporters said 18- to 20-year-olds already may possess firearms, that concealed carry is safer than open carry for law-abiding adults, and that the bill includes training and background-check provisions. Several members also discussed differences between rural and urban gun culture and whether crime trends were related to constitutional carry laws. During floor discussion, members exchanged questions about crime rates since constitutional carry was enacted, with a sponsor responding that crime had decreased in the Commonwealth. Other members raised concerns about suicide, mental health, and the impact on students and women, while supporters emphasized self-defense and constitutional rights. After debate, the House voted on HB 312 and passed it 73-17. The bill was then clinched. After HB 312, the House handled routine business. Members moved House Resolutions 30, 33, and 7 from committee to the floor, and several committee schedule announcements were made, including possible changes due to weather. The Committee on Committees reported referrals for a number of bills to standing committees, and the Rules Committee posted House Bills 134 and 306 for the regular orders on Monday, January 26, 2026. The House then adjourned until 4:00 p.m. Monday, January 26, 2026.
AL

Alabama 2026 1st Special Session

Alabama House Public Safety and Homeland Security Committee Jan 21st, 2026

Public Safety and Homeland Security

Transcript Highlights:
  • What this does is changes that to any felon that comes in and they're stopped.
  • What this does is change that to any felon that comes in and they're stopped.
  • And so he stopped just for the purpose of going to the bathroom and he got charged.
  • And so he stopped just for the purpose of going to the bathroom and he got charged.
  • And so he stopped just for the purpose of going to the bathroom and he got charged.
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Border Security (Part II) Apr 3rd, 2025

Border Security

Transcript Highlights:
  • That enables them to arm their members, Carry out their operations, and fuel their profits.
  • The offense seeks to prosecute bad actors who knowingly arm cartels.
  • Arm the cartels, but it's, but a lot of arrests and cases are being made on straw purchases.
  • Is, you know, stop buying the drugs and stop buying, stop selling guns, and, you know, from the citizens
  • drugs and stop buying, stop selling guns and, you know, from the citizens, you hear that.
Bills: SB36, SB2202
Summary: The Senate Committee on Border Security heard Senator Birdwell present SB 2202, which would create a state offense for knowingly transferring a firearm for profit or other remuneration to a member of a foreign terrorist organization. Birdwell argued the bill responds to cartel violence and southbound gun trafficking, and he explained a committee substitute that removed an exemption for federally licensed gun dealers and removed a requirement that DPS coordinate with Mexican law enforcement. He said the goal was to give Texas a state-level tool if federal enforcement is lacking. Invited testimony came from DPS Colonel Freeman Martin and border prosecution unit chair Tanya Ash. Both said the bill could be useful in some organized-crime and cartel cases, but they emphasized that proving a defendant knowingly transferred a gun to a foreign terrorist organization would be difficult and would usually require strong direct or circumstantial evidence, such as recorded statements, informants, or coordinated investigations. They said the measure would be more workable in complex cartel cases than in routine patrol stops, and they noted existing state and federal tools already address straw purchases, firearms trafficking, and related offenses. Members also discussed tracing seized firearms, cooperation with ATF, and the limits of state jurisdiction over international issues. No public testimony was offered, and SB 2202 was left pending. The committee then took up SB 36 as pending business. A committee substitute was adopted without objection, and the substitute bill was reported favorably to the full Senate by a 4-0 vote, with Senators Birdwell, Flores, Hinojosa of Hidalgo, Eckhardt, and Hinojosa of Nueces participating. The committee also accepted a motion in writing and ordered the bill recommended for local and uncontested calendar placement. The chair then announced the committee would recess subject to call.