Video & Transcript Research : 'interpreters'
Page 51 of 220
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
Hied Committee Meeting - 2026-03-26
Higher Education Finance and Policy
Transcript Highlights:
- However, uh in my interpretation of what how how I would read this, uh page one, lines 9 through 12,
- However, uh<00:09:50.720>
in <00:09:50.880>my <00:09:51.080>interpretation <00:09 - of what how how uh in my interpretation of what how how I<00:09:53.000>
would <00:09:53.200>- passed as is, that's the interpretation passed as is, that's the interpretation I<00:10:43.880><
- She said her interpretation, based on conversations with immigration law attorneys, was that it would
Keywords:
undocumented, financial aid, state policy, higher education, noncitizen eligibility, state grants, college affordability, Office of Higher Education, Minnesota State Grant, need analysis, expected family contribution, student aid, grant formula, living and miscellaneous expense allowance, dependent student, independent student, parental contribution, student contribution, surplus appropriation, biennium
NH
Transcript Highlights:
- statute know that current New Hampshire statute is<00:19:47.640>
being <00:19:47.960>interpreted - to allow a single is being interpreted to allow a single member<00:19:51.120>
of <00:19:51.280 - Several states, including Georgia, have interpreted sensitive places to include polling places.
- Several states, including Georgia, have interpreted sensitive places to include polling places.
- HB 76 is intended to provide a statewide guide to how the federal IDEA law should be interpreted, but
MN
Transcript Highlights:
- It's possible even after several years that this decreases, but we're a little hesitant to interpret
- It's possible even after several years that this decreases, but we're a little hesitant to interpret
- Yes, yeah, yes, that's the correct interpretation. Any other questions?
- Yes, yeah, yes, that's the correct interpretation. Any other questions?
- Yes, yeah, yes, that's the correct interpretation. Any other questions?
NH
New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session
House Municipal and County Government (01/16/2026)
Municipal and County Government
Transcript Highlights:
- intended to be interpreted. intended to be interpreted.
- I I think I would<01:07:46.319>
interpret <01:07:46.640>this <01:07:46.880>as <01 - Um we interpret this bill Bill um 1400.
- I didn't interpret the bill that way. I thought it was either you're all in or all out.
it <06:15:13.120>onto interpretations that extend it onto interpretations that extend
NH
Transcript Highlights:
- :27:34.160>
gets it's okay that free speech now gets it's okay that free speech now gets interpreted - I'm trained to read language in the bills and to find their meaning under our statutory interpretation
- tools that we learn um in interpretation tools that we learn um in our<03:26:15.960>
profession. - <03:27:13.960>
of of our courts in past interpretations of of our courts in past interpretations - <03:27:23.440>
this that the courts will interpret this that the courts will interpret this
KY
Kentucky 2026 Regular Session
Juvenile Justice Oversight Council. (2-6-26)
Transcript Highlights:
- interpretation of that. Yes. Okay. interpretation of that. Yes. Okay.
- It's very much open to interpretation in my opinion.
- It's very much open to<01:43:48.080>
interpretation <01:43:48.719>in <01:43:48.960>my - <01:43:49.440>
So <01:43:49.600>I to interpretation in my opinion. - So I to interpretation in my opinion.
Keywords:
Meeting Start: 00:00:00
Agency Updates: 00:01:45
26RS SB 125: 00:02:10
26RS SB 101: 01:14:58, 958, all
Summary:
The Juvenile Justice Oversight Council met on February 6, 2026, took roll, approved a motion to convene, and heard agency updates from materials in the packet. The council then took up Senate Bill 125 out of order because Senator Carol was present. The bill was presented as a collaborative effort focused on creating a secure, state-run high-acuity mental health facility for justice-involved youth who need specialized psychiatric care and cannot be appropriately served in detention or by private hospitals. Speakers said the facility would fill a gap in services, improve safety and treatment outcomes, and be designed with trauma-informed, medically equipped spaces rather than a jail-like setting.
The presenters also outlined other parts of the bill, including a placement process in which DJJ and CHFS would evaluate youth and provide recommendations before the judge makes the final decision, with certain hospital-declination provisions to be delayed until the new facility is operating. They described payment incentives for hospitals treating high-acuity youth, confidentiality and escape-related disclosure provisions, and contracts with a public teaching university for clinical services. The proposed facility was described as a 24-bed center at Central State, with staffing to include mental health professionals and juvenile detention staff receiving enhanced training. Dr. Clark Lester said staffing needs would vary by youth and could include one-to-one supervision for some patients.
The bill also addressed female juvenile detention capacity. Speakers said the number of detained girls has risen sharply since 2024, peaking at 51 in 2025, and that current facilities cannot meet the separation requirements for boys and girls or high- and low-level youth. The proposal would build two female detention centers, with possible locations discussed in central Kentucky and western Kentucky, and a third or fourth center could be added if population data show the need. Members asked about hospital placement authority, staffing, and average length of stay for girls; the presenters said the current court-order process would remain until the new facility is built and that they would provide additional data later. No vote was taken during the portion of the meeting provided.
NH
New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session
House Education Policy and Administration (02/04/2026)
Education Policy and Administration
Transcript Highlights:
- We interpret this as applying to those endorsements where the educator is as a condition of licensure
- We interpret this as applying to those endorsements where the educator is as a condition of licensure
- We interpret this as applying to those endorsements where the educator is as a condition of licensure
- We interpret this as applying to those endorsements where the educator is as a condition of licensure
- to understand where the interpretation to understand where the interpretation that<03:38:23.120>
NH
Transcript Highlights:
- Again, that's based on evidence we provide, and I think the court would interpret that.
- However, it has been interpreted<01:45:03.119>
by <01:45:03.920>C <01:45:04.400>um loopholes or room for interpretation loopholes or room for interpretation that<02:29:13.760>- by C um US um case law as interpreted by C um US um case law as stating<01:45:08.880>
that <01- We want to ensure that there are absolutely no loopholes or room for interpretation that goes against
- by C um US um case law as interpreted by C um US um case law as stating<01:45:08.880>
MD
Transcript Highlights:
- House Bill 1192, State Board of Sign Language Interpreters membership and licensing, favorable amendments
- House Bill 1192, State Board of Sign Language Interpreters membership and licensing, favorable amendments
- And it requires, rather than authorizes, the board to grant a license to an interpreter who is licensed
- And it requires, rather than authorizes, the board to grant a license to an interpreter who is licensed
- And it requires, rather than authorizes, the board to grant a license to an interpreter who is licensed
Summary:
The House met with 125 members present and began with the pledge, prayer, and opening formalities. Two House resolutions were presented and adopted by voice vote: one honoring the pioneering women of the Maryland State Police and State Fire Marshal’s Office during Women’s History Month, and another recognizing the University of Maryland School of Medicine Center for Infant and Childhood Loss on its 50th anniversary. Both resolutions highlighted the honorees’ service and contributions, and the clerk read each resolution into the record.
The chamber then received Senate bills introduced in the House, including Senate Bill 6 and Senate Bill 551, which were read the first time and referred to committee without objection. The House also took up multiple committee reports, largely adopting favorable reports and ordering bills printed for third reading. Measures advanced included bills on residential real estate contract contingencies, Maryland data privacy, local alcoholic beverages licenses and fees in several counties, county salary study commission membership, sheriff and municipal enforcement matters, estates, health occupations background checks, school book fair tax exemptions, school board compensation and voting, and a Calvert County medical center bill.
Several bills were amended before advancing. House Bill 443 on Prince George’s County small event center alcohol licensing received a capacity-related amendment; House Bill 348 on Baltimore City alcohol license extension received a technical amendment and a change expanding coverage to transfers of ownership before July 1, 2029; House Bill 682 changed a license classification from Class C to Class GC; House Bill 405 on EV recharging equipment in condo/HOA documents was amended to clarify budget treatment; and House Bill 895 on dynamic pricing and predatory pricing received amendments clarifying definitions, disclosures, and enforcement. After extended discussion of HB 895, including questions about whether it bans dynamic pricing for food, how it treats discounts and loyalty programs, and whether supply-and-demand pricing changes are affected, the House agreed to special order the bill until later in the day.
MN
Transcript Highlights:
- She said language that is open to interpretation can lead to litigation risks and unnecessarily subject
- applies to each employee for each day of employment, or to each chair or each discrepancy in interpretation
- believe could be open to interpretation. believe could be open to interpretation.
- <00:14:56.959>
depending <00:14:57.279>on <00:14:57.440>the open to interpretation - depending on the open to interpretation depending on the the<00:14:58.000>
situation.
WY
Transcript Highlights:
- He said they have done similar interpretation on a couple of bills, like the long-term home bill, and
- Representative Campbell followed up, saying they had done similar interpretation on a couple of bills
- <00:52:36.319>
the counties could interpret the counties could interpret the proportional< - If when you read it, that's what you—that's your interpretation of that language. >> Residing in both
- ;> that's your interpretation of that language. language. language.
MA
Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session
Joint Committee on Election Laws Jun 21st, 2026 at 01:00 pm
Joint Committee on Election Laws
Transcript Highlights:
- Elections often use terms that can be difficult to interpret even for English speakers.
- Do you utilize interpretive services currently, or do you provide sample ballots? We do.
Summary:
The Joint Committee on Election Laws held a hearing on several election-related bills, with most testimony focused on voting access, ballot administration, and election procedures. Senator Driscoll testified for S. 509, a Randolph home rule petition to require bilingual ballots in English and Haitian Creole, and Randolph officials and community members strongly supported it, saying it would improve access, confidence, and participation for Haitian Creole speakers. Other speakers, including advocates and residents, described language barriers as a form of voter suppression and urged favorable action.
Leader Donato testified on H. 822, which would remove the word “physical” from the absentee voting disability standard, and on a bill to raise the signature threshold for creating political designations and allow dormant designations to be dissolved. Senator Rausch testified on several bills, including one expanding the State Ballot Law Commission’s jurisdiction over presidential primary candidate placement and a broader elections infrastructure bill that would change registration deadlines, primary dates, reporting systems, ballot design, mail voting procedures, and voter outreach. Representative Cattelda also testified on a bill to rename the ballot title for governor’s councilor to “governor’s counselor.”
The Massachusetts Town Clerks Association, through Tom Joyce and Ben Kaufman, said it supported a number of the bills and offered local election administration expertise. Former Representative Lenny Mera and Sandra Cato testified for S. 536, a bill on accountability for defective and spoiled ballots, citing a disputed 2022 Revere recount and arguing that spoiled ballots should be documented and publicly inspectable so improperly rejected ballots are not lost. Emma Chinman of Partners in Democracy supported multiple reforms, including the elections infrastructure bill and a bill allowing unenrolled voters to serve on boards of registrars. After testimony concluded, the committee accepted written testimony by email and then adjourned without taking any votes.
MA
Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session
Status of Persons with Disabilities Jun 21st, 2026 at 11:00 am
Transcript Highlights:
- As far as some of the logistics, we have ASL interpreters.
- Thank you, Robbie and Kim, for interpreting for us.
Summary:
The subcommittee met with MassHealth LTSS Chief Leslie Darcy to review the Personal Care Attendant (PCA) program and the legislative work group focused on its long-term sustainability and cost containment. Darcy and Charlie described the work group’s five meetings and three consensus recommendations: enforce the 66-hour overtime cap, address fraudulent activity in the PCA program, and eliminate MassHealth handling of PCA paperwork/administrative work for members without a live-in exemption because those members are subject to EVV. They explained EVV as an electronic visit verification system replacing paper timesheets, and noted the rollout is expected to be completed this fall. The group estimated about $7 million in savings from the consensus recommendations and agreed to continue meeting through June to consider additional ideas.
Darcy presented data showing the PCA program served about 56,000 members in state fiscal year 2024 and has grown from $1.2 billion in FY20 to $1.6 billion in FY24, with projections near $2 billion by 2027. She said much of the growth is driven by wage increases and older adults using more services, and compared PCA costs with other LTSS programs. The discussion also covered overtime spending, the role of federal financial participation, and how Massachusetts’ PCA program differs from other states because it has no hard caps on hours or activities. Several members emphasized the program’s value for independent living and community participation, while also acknowledging the need to control growth without undermining services.
Members asked about undocumented immigrants and MassHealth funding, and Darcy explained that some eligibility categories are state-funded only and do not receive federal matching funds. Another member asked about workforce recruitment and wage pressures; Darcy said recent collective bargaining agreements raised PCA wages, with some workers eventually reaching $25 per hour and the entry wage reaching $20. The group also discussed whether IADL hours are disproportionately high compared with ADL needs, and reviewed data suggesting potential savings if IADL hours were limited relative to ADL hours, though no consensus recommendation was made on that point. The meeting ended with approval of the prior minutes by roll call vote, an update that the next health equity informational hearing is scheduled for May 19, and a motion to adjourn carried unanimously.
AR
Arkansas 2026 Regular Session
JBC-CLAIMS Apr 14th, 2026
JBC-CLAIMS REVIEW/LITIGATION REPORTS OVERSIGHT SUBCOMMITTEE
Transcript Highlights:
- specified, and so the Claims Commission... ...necessarily specified, and so the Claims Commission, in interpreting
- further, the committee will be adjourned. necessarily specified and so the claims commission in interpreting
Summary:
The Joint Budget Committee’s Claims Review and Litigation Reports Oversight Subcommittee met to consider two proposed Department of Corrections litigation settlements and one appealed claim from the Claims Commission. The first settlement, Caroline Arnett v. Larry Norris et al., involved allegations of long-term sexual abuse by a corrections employee. Committee members asked about PREA audits, facility practices, and whether the inmate had been placed at the proper facility. The department said audits and other safeguards were underway, and the committee approved the settlement. The second settlement, Latasha Ridgel v. Arkansas Department of Corrections, also involved sexual harassment/assault allegations. Members questioned the seven-year delay in the case and whether the issue was systemic; the department cited attorney turnover, COVID delays, and legislative changes making inmate exposure a felony. The committee approved that settlement as well.
The committee then heard an appeal in Sharon Greer and Deanna Hayes v. Commissioner of State Lands, a denied and dismissed claim involving a tax-delinquent sale of family property in Crittenden County. Staff and the Commissioner of State Lands’ office said the property was certified in 2000, sold in 2009 after notice was sent, and that excess proceeds were available for a limited period before escheating to the county. The claimants argued they were not properly notified of the sale or the excess proceeds and only learned of the matter in 2025 after receiving the deed at a family funeral. Committee members discussed the notice process, statute of limitations, and the handling of excess proceeds, with several noting the issue may call for legislative review rather than relief in this case.
After debate, the committee voted to affirm the Claims Commission’s dismissal of the Greer/Hayes claim. Members also discussed broader concerns about how excess proceeds from tax sales are handled and whether the current statutory process should be revisited in future legislation.
IN
FL
Florida 2026 5th Special Session
Regulated Industries Jan 27th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- The Commission has 60 days to respond, and their conclusion is a binding interpretation.
- The Commission has 60 days to respond, and their conclusion is a binding interpretation upon which the
Summary:
The Committee on Regulated Industries met and reported several bills favorably. SB 530 on state lotteries was presented with two technical amendments and passed as amended. The bill revises Department of Lottery powers and duties, updates bid/proposal information requirements, adds definitions related to ball machines, and gives the department more flexibility to purchase rather than lease machines. SB 204 also passed favorably; it increases penalties for illegal slot machine operations to a third-degree felony and creates a process for veteran service organizations to seek binding declaratory statements from the Gaming Commission about whether a machine is lawful. Testimony on SB 204 included support from Florida Gaming and soft opposition from a veteran organization that wanted clearer language and more cooperation on electronic bingo-type games.
The committee then took up a combined proposed committee substitute merging SB 658 and SB 608 on water safety requirements for rental and residential properties. The merged bill requires certain rental properties near water bodies or with swimming pools to have specified safety devices, such as exit alarms, self-closing/self-latching locks, pool fences, pool covers, or pool alarms, and allows DBPR enforcement for vacation rentals. Supporters emphasized the bill’s goal of preventing child drownings, citing Florida’s high number of fatal drownings and the disproportionate impact on young children and children with autism. The combined bill was reported favorably.
SB 980 on nicotine dispensing devices was amended with a delete-all amendment creating the Florida Agegate Act. The substitute bill restricts advertising, promotion, and display of non-FDA-approved nicotine devices in retail settings accessible to those under 21, sets escalating penalties, directs fine revenue to enforcement and youth prevention, and authorizes inspections and warrantless searches tied to retail permits. Members discussed whether the bill would effectively curb illegal and counterfeit products and how enforcement would work; the sponsor said the measure is intended to reduce youth access in light of limited enforcement resources. The bill passed favorably. SB 1708 on veterinary licensure by endorsement also passed, removing a three-year out-of-state practice requirement for licensed veterinarians while keeping other qualifications intact to help address veterinary shortages. Finally, SB 680 on electric vehicle charging taxation passed with a strike-all amendment creating a sales tax exemption for electricity sold to EV charging station operators and transferred to consumers, provided it is separately metered and properly documented. The committee adjourned after noting additional support forms and inviting members to a later K-12 speech and debate bill presentation.
TX
Texas 89th Regular
Senate Committee on Water, Agriculture, and Rural Affairs May 5th, 2025
Water, Agriculture and Rural Affairs
Transcript Highlights:
- They have interpreted the rules, like the Post Oak Savanna Groundwater District, to include domestic
- However, that interpretation can be challenged in court, so having it in statute clarifies that districts
Keywords:
agricultural conservation, land preservation, environmental protection, wildlife habitat, Texas Farm and Ranch, groundwater conservation district, Texas Water Code, water permit, permit amendment, groundwater permit, water rights, aquifer, well registration, exempt wells, beneficial use, water conservation, groundwater quality, well plugging, Hill Country Priority Groundwater Management Area, surface water resources
MA
Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session
Joint Committee on Housing Jun 21st, 2026 at 11:00 am
Joint Committee on Housing
Transcript Highlights:
- Frances was going to be interpreting his; she was going to say all of it right after.
- Francis is on Zoom specifically to interpret for Juan. Yeah.
- Yeah, she's, I'm here to interpret for her. Can you hear me? We can. Yeah, she's here.
- I have to other people also to interpret before. I can probably read her testimony.
- I have to other people also to interpret for. Okay, so maybe we should just put... Oh, great.
Summary:
The Joint Committee on Housing held a hybrid hearing on a broad slate of landlord-tenant and home rule bills, with most testimony focused on rent stabilization, tenant opportunity to purchase (TOPA), tenant fees, access to counsel, algorithmic rent fixing, and tenant protections in subsidized housing. Chairs Cyr and Haggerty outlined the hearing procedures and noted that written testimony could also be submitted. Several members and invited speakers emphasized that the committee was hearing from both local officials and residents affected by housing instability, especially in Somerville and other communities facing high rents and displacement.
Supporters of rent stabilization and local-option rent control argued that Massachusetts needs tools to prevent displacement while new housing is built. Senator Eldridge, Senator Jalen, Somerville officials, tenant organizers, and residents described steep rent increases, no-fault evictions, and the loss of naturally occurring affordable housing. Somerville’s home rule petition was described as allowing annual increases tied to CPI plus 2%, capped at 5%, with exemptions for owner-occupied two- and three-family homes and a 15-year exemption for new construction. TOPA supporters said it would let tenants or their designees buy buildings before speculative buyers, preserving affordable housing stock; opponents, including small landlords and property managers, argued rent control would reduce supply, discourage investment, and that TOPA could delay sales and harm properties.
The committee also heard testimony on bills to curb junk fees and regulate tenant charges, including limits on late fees, lease renewal fees, payment portal fees, attorney’s fees, and other add-on charges. Advocates said these fees can add hundreds of dollars a month and disproportionately harm low-income renters and renters of color. Another major topic was algorithmic rent fixing: Senator Moore and Representative Sabadoza said landlords should not use software such as RealPage to coordinate pricing, citing federal antitrust actions and arguing that competition is essential to lowering rents. Additional testimony supported a statewide right to counsel in eviction cases, with legal services providers saying representation dramatically improves outcomes and can save the state money, and a bill to create an office of tenant protections to better enforce sanitary code violations. No votes or final actions were taken during the hearing.
MN
Transcript Highlights:
- It interprets and puts the vet technicians in the Minnesota's regulatory framework.
- It interprets<00:33:13.760>
and <00:33:13.920>puts <00:33:14.480>the <00:33:14.600 - >
vet <00:33:14.800>technicians interprets and puts the vet technicians interprets and - I'll just be Representative Schultz's interpreter apparently today on the floor.
- I'll just be Representative Schultz's interpreter apparently today on the floor.
Summary:
The House convened with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, roll call, and approval of the previous day’s journal. The chamber received Senate messages announcing a joint convention for the governor’s message and transmitting Senate Files 1251, 3769, and 3868. The House also introduced House Files 4868 through 4933 and adopted committee reports and comparison report motions without objection. The Rules Committee placed several bills on the calendar and required pre-filing of amendments for specified measures.
On the calendar, the House passed Senate File 3602, which enacts the Uniform Electronic Estate Planning Documents Act and expands electronic signing to estate planning documents beyond wills. Supporters said it would help people who are homebound, hospitalized, or in rural areas and reduce uncertainty for banks and hospitals about electronically signed powers of attorney and health care directives. The bill passed 134-0. The House also passed House File 3516, a Board of Dentistry policy bill that updates licensure language, allows retired dentists to serve low-income uninsured patients, and increases the number of dental hygienists a dentist may collaborate with from four to eight; it passed 134-0.
The House then passed House File 3528, a technical barbering bill that reduces training and retesting burdens, gives the board more testing flexibility, repeals duplicative rules, clarifies that waxing is not barbering, and makes other fee and registration changes; it passed 134-0. House File 3718, updating veterinary medicine and veterinary technology statutes, was amended to restore board seal language and then passed 134-0 as amended. Supporters said it modernizes definitions and standards, recognizes licensed veterinary technicians, and may help address veterinary shortages, especially in greater Minnesota.
Finally, the House passed Senate File 3402, which broadens who may serve as a medical consultant for Community Health Boards to include additional licensed professionals such as DOs, physician assistants, and advanced practice registered nurses; it passed 134-0. The chamber also considered several motions to move bills between committees, including referrals involving veterans, education, health, and psilocybin-related legislation. A motion to suspend the rules for House File 4487 was presented, and the bill was described as providing a one-time $1 billion property tax rebate or credit, but the transcript cuts off during extended debate on that motion before any final disposition is shown.
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
Elections Finance and Government Operations Committee 3/2/26
Elections Finance and Government Operations
Transcript Highlights:
- You know, the author can clarify that my interpretation of this bill is that we don't want to deny a
- I know especially on some elections there's a lot happening, and I think if it is interpreted in a way
- I know especially on some elections there's a lot happening, and I think if it is interpreted in a way
- <00:56:28.840>
in <00:56:28.960>a think if if if it is interpreted in a think if if - if it is interpreted in a way<00:56:29.600>
that <00:56:29.880>requires <00:56:30.760><
Keywords:
homeowners associations, local government, building permits, housing policy, residential development, voter access, polling place, elections, ballot, unexpected needs, election judge, public information, political parties, transparency, 1183, house
Summary:
The committee took up House File 2614, a bill aimed at preventing local governments from requiring or effectively mandating homeowners associations (HOAs) as a condition of residential development approval. The committee first approved the February 25 minutes, then adopted the DE1 amendment to HF 2614 before hearing the bill. The authors said the measure is a bipartisan piece of a larger HOA reform effort and that the language was negotiated with the League of Minnesota Cities and other stakeholders; they emphasized that developers could still choose to create HOAs, but cities and counties could not require them.
Testimony in support came from Housing First Minnesota and the Minnesota Homeownership Center. Supporters argued that unnecessary HOAs raise housing costs, reduce affordability, and are often used to shift public infrastructure costs onto homeowners. They said HOAs remain appropriate for shared-wall housing, shared amenities, and other situations where common property is truly needed, but should not be imposed for single-family developments or minor features. Several members shared examples of HOA overreach and asked for clarification on how the bill would work, including whether developers could still request neighborhood signs or other features; staff and the authors said that would still be possible if the developer requested it rather than the local government requiring it.
A significant portion of the discussion focused on stormwater ponds and other infrastructure. One member said the bill should not prevent cities from requiring stormwater facilities because maintenance costs and water-quality responsibilities can be substantial and should not be shifted to all taxpayers. The authors responded that the amendment language was intended to balance concerns about unnecessary HOA mandates with the need to address maintenance, noting that some maintenance responsibilities could remain with cities or be handled through developer agreements. A member requested a roll call on the bill, but the transcript does not include a final vote or disposition beyond the discussion and amendment adoption.