Transcript Highlights:

• I was also on the data center work group last year.
• I was also on the data center work group last year.
• representing the data center industry.
• Many data center workloads are interruptible by design.
• It ensures that data centers pay their full cost and that data centers transparently provide water and

Summary: The committee first suspended the five-day notice rule and then heard House Bill 2521 on firearm background check fees. Staff explained that the bill would remove the $18 fee cap and allow Washington State Patrol to set fees based on actual program costs, which could be about $33 to $35 per check. Supporters said the change was needed to keep the background check system operating and avoid delays and layoffs; opponents argued it would burden lawful gun owners and amount to an unconstitutional tax or barrier to a constitutional right. No vote was taken in the hearing. Members then heard Substitute House Bill 2475 on language-accessible public programs, which would direct the Office of Equity to develop uniform language-access guidelines, address interpreter and translator shortages, and require agency implementation reporting. Testimony was strongly supportive, emphasizing the need for consistent access for limited-English-proficient residents and the benefits for schools, families, and state services. The committee also heard Second Substitute House Bill 2479 on wage recovery, which would create a wage recovery fund to provide partial advance payments to low-wage workers with meritorious unpaid wage claims and adjust wage penalty provisions. Employers, labor advocates, and legal services representatives largely supported the bill as a bipartisan, worker-protection measure funded by penalties rather than the general fund. The committee next took up Engrossed Third Substitute House Bill 1960 on renewable energy tax incentives, which would replace existing property tax and excise tax provisions with a new state and local renewable energy excise tax structure and related grant programs for local governments and tribes. Counties, utilities, developers, and tribal representatives generally supported the bill’s goal of stabilizing tax treatment for renewable projects, though several witnesses said they wanted amendments to address rates, timing, and late-stage project impacts. The committee also heard Substitute Senate Bill 5932 on alternative jet fuel incentives, which would change the timing and duration of existing tax preferences; supporters said it would provide certainty for emerging sustainable aviation fuel projects, while one refinery sought clarification and a broader county threshold. Later, the committee heard Engrossed Substitute House Bill 2238 on statewide food security, directing the Department of Agriculture to monitor food system performance and develop a statewide food security strategy. Agricultural groups, grocers, anti-hunger advocates, and farmers supported the bill as a coordination effort to improve food access, affordability, and supply chain resilience. The committee then heard Engrossed Second Substitute House Bill 1903, which would create a statewide low-income energy assistance program through the Department of Commerce; supporters said it would address growing unmet need and complement existing utility programs, while opponents said it did not address the root causes of rising energy costs. Finally, the committee heard Engrossed Second Substitute House Bill 2416 on waste-to-energy facilities under the Climate Commitment Act and Engrossed Second Substitute House Bill 2515 on large energy-use facilities (data centers), both of which drew mixed testimony centered on balancing emissions, ratepayer impacts, reliability, and environmental or tribal concerns. No final votes were taken in the hearing.

Transcript Highlights:

• Review the development of data centers and the drivers of data center investments and siting.
• We already have all sorts of data centers. We've had small data centers for a while.
• It learns from data.
• In the summer of 2024, the state launched our data strategy and the data governance council because data
• Second, data protection.

Committee: Joint Artificial Intelligence and Data Center Committee

Transcript Highlights:

• A requirement that the law enforcement agency uses an American data storage company to house all data
• By establishing these standards, California can limit unnecessary data collection and ensure the data
• packages, the use of data analytics, commercial data packages, the use of data analytics, which some
• in data breaches, yet the bill lacks basic data minimization protections.
• .. ...alone can't be used to analyze, you know, sensitive data, biometric data, facial data, emotional

Committee: House Privacy and Consumer Protection

Summary: The committee heard several bills, with most of the discussion focused on AB 325, which would update California antitrust law to address algorithmic price fixing, and AB 1221, which would restrict invasive workplace surveillance tools. AB 325’s author and supporters argued that competitors using the same pricing software can facilitate collusion and drive up prices in sectors like housing, groceries, and frozen foods; opponents warned the bill was too broad, could sweep in lawful public-data pricing tools, and might chill ordinary business software use. Members raised concerns about housing applications, small businesses, intent standards, and whether the bill clearly distinguishes lawful market research from collusive conduct. Despite the debate, the committee voted to move AB 325 forward on a 6-2 roll call, holding the roll open for absent members. AB 75, dealing with insurers’ use of aerial imaging for homeowners’ coverage decisions, was also heard. The author and Department of Insurance said the bill would require notice before aerial images are collected, give homeowners access to the images, and require that any image used to cancel, non-renew, or reduce coverage be current enough to allow an in-person inspection if needed. Consumer advocates supported the measure as a privacy and transparency protection, while insurers opposed it unless amended, arguing aerial imaging is a low-cost tool that helps keep coverage available and affordable and warning that more in-person inspections would raise costs and reduce the number of policies they can write. The committee moved AB 75 to Appropriations, also holding the roll open. The committee also advanced AB 576, which the author said responds to stakeholder feedback after AB 488 by improving the Department of Justice charity registry process, including an API to help fundraising platforms update eligible charities more efficiently. AB 1160, on law enforcement drone data storage, was presented as a privacy and security measure requiring U.S.-based storage for drone-collected data and prohibiting its use, sharing, or sale by storage vendors; it too was moved to Appropriations. In addition, the committee heard AB 1221, which would ban certain workplace surveillance technologies such as facial, gait, and emotion recognition and add notice, data protection, and human-review requirements before discipline based on surveillance output. Supporters said the bill would curb discriminatory and invasive monitoring, while opponents argued it was overly broad and could interfere with legitimate security, safety, and HR uses; the transcript ends before a final vote on that measure.

Transcript Highlights:

• federal data privacy laws.
• federal data privacy laws.
• </c> understaffed in the data request area. understaffed in the data request area.
• </c> federal data privacy laws. federal data privacy laws.
• the data that is being looked for, pulls the data.

Transcript Highlights:

• Review the development of data centers and the drivers of data center investments and siting.
• We already have all sorts of data centers. We've had small data centers for a while.
• It learns from data.
• In the summer of 2024, the state launched our data strategy and the data governance council because data
• Second, data protection.

Summary: The committee held its first meeting on artificial intelligence and data centers, established a quorum, and heard introductory remarks from Majority Leader Hogue and the chair about the committee’s charge. Members said the goal was to build a factual foundation on AI, hear from experts and stakeholders, and develop practical North Dakota-focused recommendations rather than simply produce a large volume of bills. Legislative Council also reviewed interim committee rules and procedures before the informational presentations began. Staff and NCSL presenters then gave overviews of AI concepts and the state and federal policy landscape. The background memo and presentations covered AI categories and terms, state laws in areas such as consumer protection, algorithmic discrimination, deepfakes, chatbots, children’s safety, health, education, and government use, as well as data center siting and economic impacts. NCSL described a growing number of AI bills introduced and enacted across the states, with comprehensive laws in places like Utah, Colorado, Texas, California, and Illinois, and noted recurring issues around transparency, privacy, liability, and protections for minors. A major focus of the discussion was federal preemption and the tension between state regulation and national AI policy. NCSL said a recent White House executive order and related federal framework seek a light-touch, innovation-friendly national standard, with possible challenges to state laws and possible funding conditions tied to compliance, though no broad federal preemption has yet been enacted. Members asked about Commerce Clause concerns, industry pushback, oversight models, and whether AI policy is bipartisan; presenters said the issue cuts across party lines, with broad agreement on child safety and deepfake restrictions but more disagreement on broader regulatory approaches. No votes or formal actions were taken at the meeting, and the committee recessed briefly for technical issues during the second presentation.

Transcript Highlights:

• Before we incorporate any administrative data into the exemption flow, we have explored issues of data
• What includes your data? In terms of the exemptions, I guess it's not necessarily exemption data.
• We’re doing data matching. We’re working policy angles, data-sharing agreements, all at this time.”
• We’re doing data matching.
• But the use of that data would...

Transcript Highlights:

• Um if that participant's data.
• Thus, publicly disclosing data, business data, without an owner's knowledge.
• Right now, the data in opposite.
• 13.51 in the Data Practices Act.
• </c> that missing to get that missing data. that missing to get that missing data.

Bills: HF3676 , HF2959 , HF3233

Committee: House Judiciary Finance and Civil Law

Transcript Highlights:

• is a data incident like a data breach.
• That's the data about what of what we'll be looking at is the inventory data that DNR is using.
• data center and populations in the areas in which the data centers are located.
• data center and populations in the areas in which the data centers are located.
• data center and populations in the areas in which the data centers are located.

Summary: The Joint Legislative Audit and Review Committee met on September 17, 2025, in hybrid format. After roll call, the committee initially lacked a quorum and deferred approval of the July 15 minutes until Representative Berg arrived; the minutes were then adopted. Members also discussed the proposed 2026 JLARC meeting schedule, including possible changes to address crowded July meetings and the annual tax exemption review workload. Staff presented the annual lodging tax expenditures report, noting that 213 municipalities received distributions in 2024, with 91% reporting compliance, $114 million awarded for more than 1,700 activities, and no independent verification of the self-reported data. Several members questioned the value and usefulness of the report, and the executive committee indicated it may recommend removing the statutory reporting requirement. The committee then heard the preliminary performance audit of the Office of Privacy and Data Protection, which found the office meets its statutory responsibilities and has high user satisfaction, but recommended updating the statute to better match the office’s current capacity and focus and improving performance measures to reflect long-term privacy outcomes rather than outputs. Members asked about FERPA and other federal privacy laws, and OPDP staff said they provide general privacy training and consultation but not law-specific training unless requested. The committee adopted the final report on Washington State recreational boating programs without recommendation, after staff reported that boating revenues support both general government and boating activities and that no participating agencies submitted formal comments. Members asked about boater safety education and possible overlap among the six agencies involved; Parks staff said education has reached more than 500,000 boaters and that fatalities and incidents have declined. The committee also reviewed planned study questions for a JLARC review of Labor and Industries’ enforcement of farm worker laws, with members raising scope questions about the term “farm worker” versus “agricultural worker,” and for DNR’s Eastern Washington sustainable harvest calculation, which JLARC will review as DNR completes its recalculation. Finally, staff outlined the 2026 tax preference performance reviews covering seven preferences, and members asked about racial equity, environmental impacts, disclosure of beneficiary savings, and how the reviews will measure effectiveness; the meeting adjourned before noon.

Transcript Highlights:

• We are able to improve the data freshness of the identifying information as that data is refreshed on
• <c> stored</c><00:06:58.080><c> on</c> a way that only the data is stored on a way that only the data
• c><00:07:15.759><c> end</c> sharing the data uh all data is end sharing the data uh all data is end to-end
• and they consent to only the their data and they consent to only the data<00:07:42.759><c> that</c><
• /c> can trust the data as that data is can trust the data as that data is cryptographically<00:07:54.440

Transcript Highlights:

• That is the emphasis that the data—that's what the data is emphasizing.
• But the data, you can't know, as I always say, no data, no problem.
• But yeah, the data is there.
• And it's not a point, you know, it's like, but yeah, the data is there. We have the data.
• It will just be encounter data, but that's better than no data. So certainly any data is good.

Summary: The Complex Care Committee meeting focused first on a new Diabetes Caucus launched at the Capitol. Rep. Johnson described the caucus as a forum to educate people about type 1 and type 2 diabetes, genetic risk, early testing, pregnancy-related diabetes, and ways Medicaid policy might improve prevention and lower long-term costs. Members agreed the caucus could intersect with care management, and Carolyn Grandell of CHNCT offered to share information about current diabetes-related care management services at a future meeting. The committee then heard a detailed presentation from Alex Rigger of the Office of Health Strategy, who is moving to the Office of Policy and Management. He reviewed Connecticut health care benchmark data, including total health care expenditures, medical spending, and market-by-market trends. He said 2023 to 2024 per-capita spending grew more than 8.5% statewide and 14% in Medicaid, with long-term care accounting for about 46% of Medicaid spending and retail pharmacy also identified as a major cost driver. Members asked about enrollment changes, dual-eligible populations, Medicare Savings Program members, 340B drug pricing, and value-based payment models. Rigger explained that his office tracks alternate payment models and quality benchmarks, but does not separately capture 340B data. Discussion then shifted to Medicare Advantage, dual eligibles, and hospital discharge planning. Members said they want better data on how many Medicaid members are in Medicare Advantage plans and whether those plans shift costs back to Medicaid or affect access to care, especially for complex-care patients. Staff noted DSS does have some Medicare Advantage indicators and that CMS is developing encounter-data rules for states. Kathy Holt and others raised concerns about denials, nursing home stays, and the need to compare Medicaid spending for dual eligibles in Medicare Advantage versus traditional Medicare. The meeting ended with plans for follow-up data sharing, including Alex Rigger’s slides, the diabetes caucus materials, and a future discussion with DSS and other agencies; no formal votes were taken.

Transcript Highlights:

• and parent data.
• So, what is a data request?
• that data for inspection and, if asked, copies of that data.
• The district did their job, prepared the data for inspection, but then the data just sat.
• Big data, too.

Committee: House Education Policy

Transcript Highlights:

• And this is using data from the U.S.
• So different states require this data or collect this data in different ways.
• data.
• Improved data collection and reporting of race and ethnicity data.
• of these data issues retrospectively, but also encouraging and trying to incentivize data collection

Summary: The Massachusetts Commission on the Status of Persons with Disabilities’ Long-Term Services and Supports and Health Equity Subcommittee met to hear a presentation from the Lurie Institute for Disability Policy at Brandeis University. Monica Mitra introduced the institute’s work on disability health equity and long-term services and supports, and staff described several research centers focused on community living policy, disability and pregnancy, and parents with disabilities. The presentation emphasized participatory research, accessible dissemination, and the connection between health equity and access to home- and community-based services. Joe Caldwell discussed the Community Living Policy Center’s work on Medicaid HCBS, the direct care workforce crisis, housing, and policy advocacy, including efforts related to the Money Follows the Person program and the Medicaid access rule’s interested parties advisory group. Sid Pickern highlighted a workforce study interviewing direct care workers, a forthcoming policy brief on the access rule, and housing research including Massachusetts’ Alternative Housing Voucher Program. Teresa Nguyen described the Community Living Equity Center’s focus on disparities in community living for people of color, especially a study on self-direction and community living outcomes, and asked for help recruiting participants. Lauren Bixby demonstrated the community living data dashboard, which compares adults who need LTSS with those receiving Medicaid LTSS using ACS and TMSIS data. She explained that the dashboard can be filtered by state and demographics, but noted major race and ethnicity data gaps for Massachusetts and other states. Commissioners praised the dashboard and the institute’s work, asked questions about data sources and the 1115 waiver, and discussed possible connections to the Health Equity Compact. No votes were taken; the meeting ended with an invitation for follow-up, including a forthcoming direct care workforce brief and the institute’s October 28 lecture.

Transcript Highlights:

• wrong type of data.
• The data, you could quickly reference the data exactly where it is.
• And it will pull that data. But it's not learning from that data.
• What kind of data is the right data to put in there?
• That data table for.

Committee: House Subcommittee on Appropriations - General Administration

Summary: The subcommittee held an informational hearing on the Information Technology Services Division (ITSD) within the Office of Administration, with no quorum present and no formal action taken. Chair Voss said the purpose was to review ITSD’s programs, budget needs, and future plans, and members emphasized the value of an informed appropriator. Representative Riggs cautioned that the state should avoid jeopardizing federal broadband funding and asked that AI-related work remain consistent with federal expectations. ITSD leadership, including CIO John Loren and Deputy CIO Tara Damp, outlined the division’s scope and recent modernization efforts. They said ITSD supports 15 executive agencies plus the governor and lieutenant governor, manages about 1,200 production software solutions, handles roughly 35,000 help desk requests per month, and defends against billions of cyberattacks monthly. They highlighted investments in layered security, data center and network redundancy, a unified Microsoft 365 environment, modern development tools, and portal platforms. Damp reviewed the history of IT consolidation, noting budget reductions after 2007, then increased investment beginning in 2020 and especially with ARPA funds in fiscal 2023. Members asked about spending projections, subscription-based licensing, procurement modernization, and the role of non-consolidated agencies such as MoDOT and Conservation. The committee also discussed future funding needs and benchmarking. ITSD said its current spending is about $287 million, with a projected ongoing need of about $345 million to maintain and modernize services, while Gartner comparisons suggested Missouri spends less per employee and as a share of operating budget than peer states. Members asked for more detailed fiscal-year spending profiles for major initiatives and for clarification on what is and is not included in the projections, including Social Services and HR1-related work. ITSD said it would provide additional detail. A major portion of the hearing focused on AI strategy and governance. Tim Marsheski, ITSD’s director of AI and innovation, described a cautious, pilot-based approach centered on secure use, human oversight, and data governance. He cited examples such as an internal HR chatbot that reduced average response time from about 45 minutes to two minutes, pilots with DESE data transformation, and efforts to use AI for code assistance, document scanning, and workflow support. Members asked about workforce impacts, training, closed versus open models, and whether AI could help with auditing and fiscal analysis. ITSD said it is still early on workforce forecasting, but it is building governance, acceptable-use policies, and feedback loops to test tools, measure results, and scale only when they provide value and remain secure.

Transcript Highlights:

• Let's look for the thirstiest data center on record, the worst data center we can possibly find from
• Data centers, I believe, should be eliminated.
• I thought it was an interesting data set.
• I thought it was an interesting data set.
• I was just thinking since the motive here is about data centers and large loads, have we heard from data

Summary: The committee met in Grand Forks, approved the February 26 minutes by voice vote, and recessed for a tour of Minnkota Power Cooperative before hearing presentations on large energy consumers and related infrastructure issues. The first presentation, from the North Dakota Transmission Authority, focused on the need for better local decision-making tools for counties, townships, and planning and zoning boards facing major projects such as transmission lines, pipelines, data centers, wind, solar, and large-scale agriculture. The speaker urged more objective, data-driven analysis, noted that local officials often have limited time and resources, and said the state should support training and tools through groups like the League of Cities and the Association of Counties. Members asked about proactive outreach, data center ordinances, and how to avoid subsidizing large loads or causing reliability problems. The Division of Air Quality then discussed environmental oversight of data centers, emphasizing that North Dakota’s air remains among the cleanest in the country and that the agency’s role is limited to air, water discharge, stormwater, and waste—not zoning or water use. The presentation explained that data centers generally have low direct emissions but may rely on diesel backup generators when the grid is unavailable, which creates air-quality concerns; the department said it is requiring air monitors at some projects to collect real-world data and guide future decisions. Members asked about generator emissions, misinformation, monitoring costs, and staffing succession, and the agency said permit applicants pay for the monitors while the state handles some QA work. The Department of Water Resources followed with an overview of North Dakota water law and data center water use. The director explained the state’s prior-appropriation system, the public-interest review for permits, and the large overall water supply available from groundwater and the Missouri River. He said most proposed data centers use closed-loop cooling systems and generally request relatively small amounts of water compared with other uses such as power plants, irrigation, and oilfield operations, and that even a worst-case data center scenario would use only a tiny fraction of Missouri River flow. Questions focused on downstream impacts and comparisons to fracking water use, and the director said the state’s use is too small to materially affect downstream users. Later, McLean County State’s Attorney Ladd-Erickson testified online about data center zoning and permitting. He asked the committee to have Legislative Council gather information on how other states handle data center permitting and to keep the topic on the interim agenda. He argued that local zoning should remain local, but said counties lack the technical and legal resources to manage complex reclamation or bonding requirements and that state-level enabling legislation may be more appropriate. He also recommended eliminating tax incentives for data centers. The committee chair said staff would prepare a document on other states’ zoning and permitting approaches. After a lunch recess, the committee reconvened at the EERC, where CEO Charles Gorecki gave an overview of the center’s 75 years of work and its role in oil and gas, carbon management, and other energy technologies, highlighting enhanced oil recovery and carbon dioxide utilization as major opportunities for future production and tax revenue.

Transcript Highlights:

• For a national comparison, using data from the U.S.
• There's a lot of great data in here.
• The response was that there may be some preliminary data, but final data did not appear to be available
• He said that would seem like very helpful data.
• The department said it has a lot of data available online in its data center, and organizations often

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> this data center. this data center.
• </c> digital data. digital data.
• Because the data contained within them, it might be military data or it could be medical data or could
• </c> data center on prem. data center on prem.
• </c> data of all kinds. data of all kinds.

Transcript Highlights:

• . data. data.
• </c><01:04:16.360><c> into</c> data uh and turning that data into data uh and turning that data into
• download it, it's... data or surface ownership data data or surface ownership data um<01:33:45.200><
• . data. data.
• . data. data.

Committee: Joint Transportation, Highways & Military Affairs

Transcript Highlights:

• data context.
• data context.
• data context.
• data context.
• data context.

Committee: Senate Judiciary and Public Safety

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> a carve out of the then moving um data a carve out of the then moving um data center<00:02:48.520
• Our early efforts to try and uh secure data centers was brought on by Google, data centers was brought
• Sadly, with sweeping data legislation, effectively wiped out the viability for these data centers.
• </c> viability for these data centers. viability for these data centers.
• </c> had put together to put to put data had put together to put to put data centers<00:04:28.200><c>

Transcript Highlights:

• Our members are leading data center owners and operators, and companies that lease large amounts of data
• So the data center can go bigger.
• And if you look at the information and the data and all the models, just bringing 50% of those data centers
• The Data Center Coalition is a national trade association for the data center industry.
• Our members are leading data center owners and operators and companies that lease large amounts of data

Committee: Senate Energy, Utilities and Communications