Video & Transcript : 'regulated waters' :

Page 454 of 500
WA

Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Local Government Feb 3rd, 2026 at 10:30 am

Local Government

Transcript Highlights:
  • Jurisdictions are authorized to regulate...
  • Jurisdictions are authorized to regulate nuisances.
  • Setbacks are design regulations or development regulations that we put into place to protect people's
  • Regulations account for close to 25 percent of the final home price in some cases.
  • Every regulation adopted means higher housing prices.
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • DCC's regulations, while prohibiting cartoon images, don't define that term.
  • Pharmacies and regulators are still in the process of implementing this new framework.
  • regulations.
  • This clarity matters to patients and to regulators.
  • This clarity matters to patients and to regulators.
Summary: The Assembly Business and Professions Committee heard a long agenda of bills, with several cannabis-related measures drawing the most testimony. AB 1598 would extend and standardize licensing timelines for behavioral health professionals, AB 1850 would clarify that real estate wholesalers are subject to licensure and disclosure rules, AB 1794 would allow enteral formula to be shipped directly to patients’ homes, and AB 2402 would update an old cap on fees for multi-service health club studios. The committee also heard AB 1990 on compounded GLP-1 drugs, AB 2249 on cannabis packaging attractive to children, AB 2532 on cannabis beverage serving sizes, AB 2537 on prioritizing cannabis enforcement, and AB 1826 on due process protections for cannabis businesses facing embargoes or recalls. Testimony was generally split between public health or consumer-protection advocates and industry representatives. Supporters of the cannabis bills argued for clearer rules, better consumer safety, and more predictable enforcement, while opponents warned that some proposals could overreach, burden compliant businesses, or restrict legitimate branding and access. On AB 1990, supporters said compounded GLP-1 products need stronger testing and truthful advertising, while pharmacists and compounding advocates said existing law already covers much of the conduct and that the bill could create access problems. On AB 2249 and AB 2532, public health witnesses emphasized risks to children and accidental overconsumption, while industry groups sought narrower language and more implementation time. The committee took several roll-call votes after quorum was established. AB 2249, AB 1826, AB 2402, AB 1794, and AB 2532 were all approved and sent to Appropriations, and AB 1826 was sent to Judiciary. The chair and members repeatedly noted accepted committee amendments and, in several cases, said they were prepared to support the bills with those amendments. Some measures were left open or held pending further action as the hearing continued.
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

FIN Info Briefing - Mon Jan 5, 2025 @ 1:00 PM HST

Hawaii House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:16:53.920><c> the</c><00:16:54.079><c> facility,</c><00:16:54.480><c> the</c><00:16:54.639><c> water
  • ,</c><00:16:55.040><c> the</c><00:16:55.199><c> sewer,</c> of the facility, the water, the sewer, of
  • the facility, the water, the sewer, the<00:16:56.320><c> furnishings.
  • There was an issue about water rights if they're not, um, so I can't... this a year ago or more I think
  • </c> &gt;&gt; Right. there was an issue about water &gt;&gt; Right. there was an issue about water rights
Keywords: 910, house, all
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Taxes - 04/24/25

Taxes

Transcript Highlights:
  • They clean our air and water, provide food and habitat for wildlife, give us raw materials to make wood
  • put their lands under conservation easements, which are a key tool to protecting wildlife habitat, water
  • :53.679><c> habitat,</c> tool to protecting wildlife habitat, tool to protecting wildlife habitat, water
  • quality and cultural benefits of water quality and cultural benefits of forest<00:31:56.640><c> lands
  • clean air, clean water, wildlife habitat to<00:38:22.880><c> wood</c><00:38:23.119><c> products</c><
Committee: Senate Taxes
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
NH

New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session

House Public Works and Highways (03/25/2025)

Transcript Highlights:
  • In another sense, it doesn't have running water or power on a continuous basis.
  • I mean, water, you know, a well and septic might be $50,000, generously. No, it's a fair question.
  • </c><00:15:11.839><c> I</c><00:15:12.079><c> mean,</c><00:15:12.440><c> water</c><00:15:13.440><c> water
  • I mean, water water, you getting used.
  • I mean, water water, you know,<00:15:14.160><c> a</c><00:15:14.320><c> well</c><00:15:14.560><c> and<
Keywords: 928, house, all
Summary: The committee heard testimony on proposed improvements to the State Police gun range and related Public Works estimates. Department of Safety Commissioner Robert Quinn and Major Brendan Davy explained that the range is used for realistic, scenario-based training that includes vehicle work, movement, cover, elevation, and stress inoculation, and that it also supports requalification and special unit training for state, local, and federal partners. They said the current facility lacks running water, continuous power, and permanent restrooms, and that the PSTC range cannot accommodate rifles because its backstop is handgun-caliber only. Public Works Director Theodore Copper said the project estimate is $2.3 million, including $1.5 million for the building and site work plus soft costs, inflation, and design fees; he described the proposed building as basic, with office space, classrooms, restrooms, and HVAC. Committee members asked about the cost and scope, and Copper provided a breakdown of the estimate. The committee also heard from Commissioner Edelblute and Milford School District Superintendent Christy Misho regarding career and technical education capital funding. Edelblute urged the committee to include $10 million for the Milford CTE project, saying the district had reduced the scope after a prior bond vote and that the project would support high-demand workforce programs. Misho said Milford’s initial bond vote received 42 percent and the revised proposal received 56 percent, short of the 60 percent needed, but that the community still supports the project; she said the district plans to move forward with a CTE-only ballot and a smaller local bond. Committee members expressed concern about holding state funds for a project that has not yet won local approval, but said the request would be taken under advisement. In work session action, the committee corrected a prior vote on the Market Street Marine Terminal warehouse removal and office replacement project, increasing the appropriation by $353,300 to $1,973,300 and raising the agency subtotal to $4,155,300. The committee also accepted a motion to add $1.8 million for the community college system, including $1.3 million for critical maintenance and $500,000 for an energy management system. The committee then discussed a Fish and Game request for a $350,000 backhoe, with members debating whether it should be funded with general funds or other funds and whether the cost was excessive; no final objection was recorded in the portion provided. Later discussion also referenced the new parking garage project, with staff saying it is expected to be operational in March 2026 and fully completed by May or June 2026, with 409 spaces and a mix of assigned and open parking.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Taxes - 02/13/25

Taxes

Transcript Highlights:
  • permanent fieldhouse structure to meet regional demand at our community center, and implementing a water
  • </c> include modernizing storm water include modernizing storm water infrastructure<00:20:50.400><c>
  • /c><00:21:11.880><c> a</c> community center and implementing a community center and implementing a water
  • ><c> treatment</c><00:21:12.960><c> project</c><00:21:13.320><c> to</c><00:21:13.480><c> boost</c> water
  • treatment project to boost water treatment project to boost efficiency<00:21:14.440><c> and</c><00:21
Committee: Senate Taxes
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
AZ
Transcript Highlights:
  • Regulations as TIE's law. With that, I'm available for questions.
  • Is it increasing regulations? I don't know what that entails.
  • The regulation, everything else stays the same. Oh, okay. Okay. Any further discussion?
  • Madam Representative Blackman, I'm uncertain to compare with the FAA regulations in the bill.
  • This limits the authority of the municipality in regulating that within this space. Yeah.
Summary: The meeting reviewed a long list of Senate and House bills, mostly from Appropriations and Education, with staff describing strike-everything amendments and whether the amended language matched other bills. Topics included electronic monitoring in care facilities (SB 1041), dental board complaint forwarding and licensure exemptions (SB 1168), revitalization district contracts (SB 1189), timeshare salesperson licensing (SB 1274), veterinary telemedicine prescriptions (SB 1286), insurer zero-estimated-exposure policies (SB 1428), advanced air mobility funding for border security (SB 1457), death benefits for law enforcement pilots (SB 1503), ATV definitions (SB 1519), pet and fowl restrictions in planned communities (SB 1582), pharmacist independent testing and treatment (SB 1713), school district self-insurance quotes (SB 1497), and a housing/historic district measure tied to SB 1118. Most of these were presented as technical or policy changes, often noting that the strike-everything language was identical to a House bill already passed. The caucus then moved through several blue-sheet concurrence items. HB 2120 received a technical Senate amendment to align property-tax disability language with updated statute, and the sponsor concurred. HB 2174 was amended to require a modeling and data organization to file models used by insurers, with concurrence noted. HB 2203, aimed at reducing duplicative ADE and school reporting, was amended so ADE must review each statutory reporting requirement and report back to the legislature; the sponsor concurred. HB 2383 was amended only to name a trampoline court law as “TIE’s law,” with no substantive policy change, and the sponsor concurred. On the remaining House bills, HB 2877 was changed from timeshare licensing to create an alternative education pathway for certified veterinary technicians, and the sponsor concurred. HB 2875, dealing with unmanned aircraft and drone delivery, was amended to adjust airport-related local authority limits from one mile to 2.5 miles and to reference consultation with airports; members raised questions about FAA preemption and local authority. HB 2428 on emission reduction credits was amended to emphasize voluntary participation and limit new credits if participation later becomes mandatory, and the sponsor concurred. HB 2176 on health care institution licensing and complaint investigations was amended to allow older abuse-related complaints, and the sponsor concurred. HB 2050 on radiologic technology standards and radiologist assistant supervision drew the most discussion; the Senate narrowed the supervision change to rural counties under 500,000 population and critical access hospitals, and the sponsor concurred while members questioned the geographic scope. Finally, HB 2010 on refunds for digital goods was amended to shorten the refund window from 10 years to five, but the sponsor refused concurrence due to a drafting error, indicating a conference committee would be needed. The caucus then concluded.
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Committee on Consumer Protection and Professional Licensure Jun 21st, 2026 at 10:00 am

Joint Committee on Consumer Protection and Professional Licensure

Transcript Highlights:
  • Regulation isn't just an industry priority; it's a public health necessity.
  • The solution to this problem is thoughtful regulation.
  • Regulation isn't just an industry priority; it's a public health necessity.
  • The solution to this problem is thoughtful regulation.
  • That are not regulated by the Cannabis Control Commission.
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The Joint Committee on Consumer Protection and Professional Licensure held a public hearing on a wide range of alcohol, liquor licensing, and hemp-derived beverage bills. Early in the hearing, there was a procedural dispute when Senator Jacob Oliveira attempted to testify virtually on S. 279; the House chairs declined to recognize virtual testimony from a committee member, and Senator Pavel Payano instead read prepared remarks supporting the bill to return liquor license authority to municipalities. The committee then heard testimony on H. 437/S. 279 from the Massachusetts Municipal Association and Cohasset Town Manager Christopher Senior, both of whom argued that local control would streamline licensing, better match modern community needs, and support downtown economic development. A Lexington business owner also supported local licensing flexibility for a paint-and-sip business seeking a beer and wine license. The committee also heard extensive testimony on hemp-derived beverage regulation, including H. 357 and S. 222. Supporters from the Commonwealth Beverage Coalition and Theory Wellness said the products are already widely available in unregulated settings, including gas stations and smoke shops, and argued for a regulated framework with age limits, testing, labeling, and local public health funding. The Massachusetts Brewers Guild supported regulation of low-dose hemp beverages but asked that breweries be allowed to participate using their existing retail and distribution rights. The Guild also supported H. 478, which would allow limited self-distribution by pub breweries, saying it would reduce inefficiency and help small breweries grow. Several bills modernizing alcohol licensing laws were also discussed. Representative Ruel supported H. 477, describing it as a cleanup measure that would remove the contiguous-premises requirement, add a character standard for applicants, and extend public notice periods. Representative Sangiolo testified in support of H. 3893, a local liquor-license bill tied to economic development and new businesses in Lexington, including a movie theater, coffee shop, and paint studio. Fable Brewing Company also supported the local license bill, saying the licenses are needed before they can finalize leases and open. The committee then heard opposition from the Massachusetts Package Stores Association and several retailers, who warned that the retail tier is under pressure from oversaturation, declining revenues, and expanded competition, and opposed a long list of bills they said would further weaken existing stores or the three-tier system. At the end of the hearing, Representative McKenna testified in support of H. 437 and S. 279, emphasizing municipal autonomy and the importance of on-premises licenses for restaurants and other economic-development projects. The chairs noted that additional written testimony could still be submitted on bills that did not receive in-person testimony. The hearing concluded with a motion by Representative Sangiolo, seconded by Representative LeBoeuf, to close the hearing, which passed by voice vote.
MO

Missouri 2026 Regular Session

Insurance Apr 13th, 2026 at 01:30 pm

Insurance

Transcript Highlights:
  • For the data that the insurance companies collect, we would be regulated by the FCRA.
  • You said your data regulation process already dictates who can use that data, correct?
  • It's going to be basically regulated by three things. One will be the actual agreement itself.
  • You said your data regulation process already dictates who can use that data, correct?
  • Consumer credit reporting entities are regulated at the federal level as well. All right.
Committee: House Insurance
Keywords: 959, house, all
NH

New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session

House Health, Human Services and Elderly Affairs (04/16/2025)

Health, Human Services & Elderly Affairs

Transcript Highlights:
  • We believe the regulations legislature.
  • years for those regulations to get enacted and implemented.
  • </c> regulation. That was changed to 15 days. regulation. That was changed to 15 days.
  • ,</c><01:40:09.679><c> the</c> happens with federal regulations, the happens with federal regulations
  • They are not subject to the regulation of the Board of Medicine.
Keywords: 1189, house, all
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • But I am really struggling with the public benefit of a new set of laws and regulations.
  • I'm really struggling with the public benefit because there is a cost of regulation.
  • Because there is a cost of regulation.
  • California is leading the nation in AI regulations. However, a significant gap remains.
  • This bill is not about broad sweeping regulation of AI technology itself.
Summary: The Assembly Privacy and Consumer Protection Committee heard a long agenda focused largely on AI-related consumer protection, child safety, and privacy bills. Members first adopted the consent calendar, then took up SB 1050, which would require disclosures when advertisements use AI-generated or synthetic performers. Supporters, including SAG-AFTRA, Common Sense Media, and labor groups, said consumers should know when an ad depicts a non-human performer and that the bill protects both consumers and workers. Opponents from TechNet, the Motion Picture Association, broadcasters, and business groups argued the bill was too broad, lacked a deception standard, could burden accessibility uses and short audio ads, and created litigation risk. The committee voted the bill out on a party-line-leaning roll, with several members noting concerns but supporting continued work on the measure. The committee also approved SB 1111, which creates liability and remedies for non-consensual digital replicas using a person’s voice or likeness, and SB 1146, which targets deceptive AI-generated health advertisements that depict synthetic health care providers. Both measures drew support from consumer, labor, medical, and child-safety advocates and faced no formal opposition. Members emphasized the need to prevent deepfake abuse, especially in health-related ads where consumers could be misled into trusting fake doctors or medical endorsements. Several child- and privacy-focused bills were also heard and advanced. SB 867 would place a four-year moratorium on AI chatbot-powered toys for children, with supporters warning about harmful content, addictive design, and privacy risks; some opposition raised definitional concerns and asked for clearer standards. SB 1247 would give child influencers the right to delete monetized content posted during their minority, and it moved forward without opposition. SB 1000 updated California’s AI Transparency Act to align content provenance rules with newer technology and international standards, with support from Google and Adobe and no opposition. Finally, SB 957 would require social media companies to notify users when the federal government seeks their data through administrative subpoenas, give users time to challenge the request, and report disclosures; supporters framed it as a First Amendment and due process protection, while one member opposed it as an overreach against federal law enforcement. All of the measures discussed were reported out of committee, with several rolls left open for absent members.
WA

Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Technology, Economic Development, & Veterans Feb 20th, 2026 at 10:30 am

Technology, Economic Development, & Veterans

Transcript Highlights:
  • I don't want to be onerous in our regulation too soon.
  • This leaves the task of AI regulation to states. Washington is the leading tech hub.
  • , you didn't have to exempt something that you're not regulating.
  • I'd say we're not regulating engines in this bill, right? We're regulating cars. Okay. Thank you.
  • I'd say we're not regulating engines in this bill, right? We're regulating cars. Okay. Thank you.
Bills: SB6046
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Business, Professions and Economic Development Committee Apr 13th, 2026

Business, Professions and Economic Development

Transcript Highlights:
  • That concerns me about regulation in this area generally.
  • The CEC would have until July 1, 2027, to develop regulations, and CDFA's regulations would stay in place
  • I don't anticipate the regulations to be done in six months.
  • I don't anticipate the regulations to be done in six months.
  • So I have concern that we won't have regulations in place.
Keywords: 987, senate, all
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

03/16/2026 - Senate Finance

Senate Finance Committee of Reference

Transcript Highlights:
  • So the model is still being regulated.
  • And so there's no gaps in regulation.
  • They're regulated at the highest level, and we don't change that.
  • It's just when we present our models, then they regulate us.
  • It's just when we present our models, then they regulate us.
Summary: The committee approved the March 9, 2026 minutes and held HB 29 and HB 2939 at the sponsor’s request. It then took up HB 2016, which would bar late-filing penalties when a taxpayer’s income tax liability is zero; after an amendment narrowed the bill to income tax filers, the Department of Revenue was neutral on the bill but supported the amendment, and members debated whether removing the penalty would reduce incentives to file. The committee adopted the amendment and returned HB 2016 with a do-pass recommendation on a 4-3 vote. The committee also heard HB 2289, which updates the property-value examples used in bond/override election pamphlets and truth-in-taxation notices from older low values to a $300,000 home example. The sponsor and Arizona Tax Research Association said the update would better reflect current home values and improve voter understanding, while some members argued the bill could confuse voters or that the second example should be closer to the current median home price. The committee passed HB 2289 on a 4-3 vote. Several bills related to school district bonding and agricultural property classification were then considered. HB 4103 would prohibit school districts from calling bond elections if enrollment is below 50% of capacity; supporters said districts should use or monetize excess space before seeking more debt, while school administrators and several senators argued it would block needed maintenance and local voter choice. HB 2104 and HB 2105 would give agricultural property owners a temporary reprieve from repeated reclassification and inspections after winning an appeal, with farm groups supporting the measures and county assessors opposing them as limiting oversight; both bills passed 4-3 after amendments. The committee also passed HB 2256 on a 7-0 vote, which creates a process for salvage auction dealers to obtain abandoned titles when insurers do not complete salvage title transfers, and HB 2979 and HB 2996 unanimously, addressing credit union regulatory timelines and clarifying that certificates of insurance do not alter policy coverage. Finally, the committee heard HB 2174 on insurance modeling organizations and HB 2477 on AZ 529 plan updates, with HB 2174 discussed at length over regulatory treatment of models and HB 2477 described as a conformity bill expanding K-12 and credentialing uses and rollover options.
WA

Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Consumer Protection & Business Feb 24th, 2026 at 01:30 pm

Consumer Protection & Business

Transcript Highlights:
  • The third one is definitely the cost of regulation. Regulation is expensive.
  • Twenty-two other states were looking at regulations and legislation to regulate these kiosks this year
  • ; 15 other states have already adopted regulations.
  • What are they regulating these cryptocurrency kiosks under?
  • That's just not how, as a regulator, we operate.
Bills: SB6178 , SB5831
MO

Missouri 2026 Regular Session

Judiciary Apr 15th, 2026

Judiciary and Civil and Criminal Jurisprudence

Transcript Highlights:
  • It's also Missouri regulation.
  • So that could be something like whether the agency actually had the authority or the regulation that
  • It's also Missouri regulation.
  • So that could be something like whether the agency actually had the authority or the regulation that
  • ... ...of a provision in the Constitution of Missouri, Missouri statute, or Missouri regulation, then
Summary: The committee first met in executive session and approved House Bill 2666, Representative Keithley’s anti-SLAPP bill, on an 8-4 vote after a brief clarification that it was the anti-SLAPP measure being considered. The committee then held a public hearing on House Bill 3054, also by Representative Keithley, which would shift Cole County appellate venue to the Eastern District for workload balancing and require certain challenges to the enactment or validity of statutes and regulations to be filed originally in Cole County to reduce forum shopping. Representative Keithley said the bill was intended to centralize procedural and constitutional challenges tied to lawmaking or rulemaking in Jefferson City, not to move ordinary fact-based civil cases. Committee members pressed him on whether the language would also sweep in personal injury, medical malpractice, or criminal cases, and several expressed concern that the bill was broader than intended and could create venue fights or burden litigants. Keithley acknowledged the language might need clarification, especially regarding whether it could affect cases with constitutional counts in otherwise ordinary civil actions. Opposition testimony came from the Missouri Association of Trial Attorneys and the Missouri Circuit Judges Association. Both groups said the bill, as drafted, was too broad and could unintentionally move many cases to Cole County, including cases where constitutional challenges are commonly pleaded, and possibly criminal matters because of the “notwithstanding” clause. They also warned it could encourage new venue disputes and undermine expected local venue. The Judicial Conference of Missouri offered to provide data on case types if the committee wanted more information. No further action was taken on HB 3054, and the hearing adjourned.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Task Force on Homeowners and Commercial Property Insurance 12/3/25

Minnesota House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • </c> regulated market. regulated market.
  • </c> regulated uh for solveny. regulated uh for solveny.
  • So they are basic, it's not like they're not regulated. They are regulated.
  • </c><02:01:52.000><c> It</c> not regulated. They are regulated. It not regulated.
  • They are regulated.
Keywords: 1183, house
MO

Missouri 2026 Regular Session

2026 Legislative Session - Day Twenty Four - Thursday, February 19

Missouri House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • When we regulate, we regulate people's lives, not just products on paper.
  • Let's regulate it properly.
  • Let's regulate it properly.
  • Any intoxicating product has to be sold in a regulated market.
  • I believe in regulation, and I do support mom-and-pop businesses.
Keywords: 959, house, all
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Banking and Insurance Mar 17th, 2025

Banking and Insurance

Transcript Highlights:
  • Office of Insurance Regulation. Senator, I understand you have a delete-all amendment.
  • This bill covers the Office of Insurance Regulation.
  • Three, it creates transparency and rate regulation.
  • And that is one of the reasons why nursing homes are so highly regulated.
  • And then Ash Mason, Office of Financial Regulation, waves in support.
Summary: The committee heard and advanced several insurance, financial regulation, and public safety bills. The most extensive discussion centered on SB 1656, a major Office of Insurance Regulation bill covering reciprocal insurers, rate transparency, data calls, cybersecurity notification, and stronger oversight of continuing care retirement communities (CCRCs). The sponsor and OIR described the bill as aimed at transparency and preventing insolvencies, especially after recent CCRC failures. CCRC residents and industry representatives testified both in support and in opposition, with supporters emphasizing resident protection and opponents warning about liens, reserve requirements, management-company regulation, and higher costs. After debate and assurances that problematic provisions would be refined, the committee adopted a delete-all amendment and then reported the bill favorably. The committee also passed SB 1658, which creates a public records framework for the uniform mitigation verification of inspection form database while protecting policyholders’ personal information; a clarifying amendment was adopted before the bill was reported favorably. SB 1612 on financial institutions was approved after a substitute amendment restored current limits on credit union investments and kept only reimbursement, not salary, authority for certain board members and officers. SB 1740, an insurance bill intended to reduce premiums and insurer insolvency risk, was amended to prioritize rate-decrease filings and prohibit claim denials based solely on AI, then reported favorably. Two public-safety bills also moved forward. SB 1212 on firefighter health and safety would update OSHA-related protections, address toxic exposure in gear, encourage safer replacement equipment, and support best practices and mental health resources; an amendment refined terminology and added related provisions, and the bill was reported favorably. SB 1184 on residual market insurers was amended to preserve existing consumer protections and disclosure rules for excess and surplus lines and to clarify Citizens-related appointment requirements before being reported favorably. Throughout the meeting, members repeatedly noted ongoing stakeholder negotiations and intent to refine several bills further in later committee stops.
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • the notion of regulations.
  • The burden of the regulation is almost always on businesses.
  • Regulations almost always support one of three classes.
  • The burden of the regulation is almost always on businesses.
  • The cost to meet those regulations is not The cost to meet those regulations is not so clear in precision
Keywords: 987, senate, all