Video & Transcript : 'skilled labor' :
Page 453 of 500
US
US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session
US House Floor Proceedings (Wednesday, June 25, 2025)
US Federal House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- It means laboring mothers being driven an hour and a half to the nearest delivery room.
- It means laboring<00:07:51.440><c> mothers</c><00:07:51.759><c> being</c><00:07:51.919><c> driven</c>
- <00:07:52.240><c> an</c><00:07:52.400><c> hour</c> laboring mothers being driven an hour laboring mothers
- Her talent and skills made things difficult on opposing teams, but no one sequence during the year better
- It comes from answering a call that requires hard labor and lots of sacrifices to feed their neighbors
CO
Colorado 2026 Regular Session
Colorado House 2026 Legislative Day 114 May 8th, 2026
Colorado House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- I move House Bill 1431 and the Business and Labor Committee report to the committee report.
- Is there any further discussion on the Business Affairs and Labor report?
- Seeing none, the question before us is the Business Affairs and Labor report.
- Is there any further discussion on the Business Affairs and Labor report?
- Seeing none, the question before us is the Business Affairs and Labor report.
WY
Transcript Highlights:
- benchmarks, looking not just<00:47:01.440><c> at</c><00:47:01.680><c> workforce</c><00:47:02.160><c> skills
- </c><00:47:02.560><c> and</c><00:47:02.880><c> education,</c> just at workforce skills and education,
- just at workforce skills and education, but<00:47:03.599><c> community</c><00:47:04.000><c> health,<
- love to know where truly a free, unregulated market exists that doesn't have things such as child labor
- >> I think what you've illustrated with the Shark Tank issue is that it takes skills other than just
Committee:
Joint Appropriations
HI
Hawaii 2025 Regular Session
FIN Info Briefing - Tue Jan 7, 2025 @ 9:00 AM HST
Hawaii House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- Having positions where people are higher-trained and can cover more ground with a higher skill set would
- ground<01:15:13.520><c> with</c><01:15:13.639><c> a</c><01:15:13.760><c> higher</c><01:15:14.000><c> skill
- ><01:15:14.360><c> set</c><01:15:15.120><c> would</c><01:15:15.239><c> be</c> ground with a higher skill
- set would be ground with a higher skill set would be essential<01:15:15.840><c> for</c><01:15:16.159
- We've got other skilled laborers that service those facilities, and so with the increase in facilities
Summary:
The Committee on Finance received an informational briefing from the Department of Law Enforcement on its priorities following the January 1 transfer of law enforcement assets into the department, including the sheriff’s division, narcotics enforcement, criminal investigations, homeland security, and the inspector general’s office. DLE said its goals are to improve public safety, accountability, communications, training, and standards. The department outlined planned initiatives such as stronger federal partnerships, narcotics and gun-violence enforcement, an agricultural crime unit, traffic and commercial vehicle enforcement, an explosive/fireworks enforcement section, gun buybacks, new police facilities in the airport area, Aahu, and the leeward side, a state training center, upgraded law-enforcement IT, and efforts to narrow salary gaps with county departments to improve recruitment.
A major portion of the discussion focused on illegal fireworks enforcement after the recent explosion tragedy. DLE said its current task force is small and relies on ad hoc support from HPD, the Attorney General’s office, criminal investigations, and sheriffs, which is not sustainable. The department requested eight FTEs for the effort—one administrator, two clerical staff, and six investigators—plus funding for a laboratory, equipment, storage, disposal, vehicles, safety gear, and a criminalist. DLE said the explosive enforcement section would use an existing facility and that the initial lab startup cost is about $2 million. Members asked for follow-up materials, and DLE said it would send the explosive enforcement forms and additional details to the Finance and Judiciary chairs.
Members also questioned staffing vacancies, interagency coordination, and whether new specialized units could be filled. DLE said it has about 119 vacancies and that recruitment is hindered by a roughly $28,000 starting pay gap with county police departments; academy classes are down to about 12 to 14 recruits. The department said it is streamlining hiring, using QR-code recruitment, and hopes specialized units will attract applicants. On coordination, DLE said it works closely with HPD and other agencies on operations such as fireworks enforcement and public events, and that DOCARE remains a case-by-case partner but is not currently moving into DLE. The committee also received updates on the Silver Alert program, which is nearing rollout with county MOUs and a coordinator expected later in the month, the special duty officer program, which is being moved to a web-based vendor-managed system at no cost to the department, and the SaferWatch school safety system, which is being deployed statewide with annual software costs of $3,500 per school in the first year and $2,500 thereafter. No votes or formal actions were taken.
MA
Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session
250th Anniversary Celebration of the American Revolution Jun 21st, 2026 at 03:00 pm
Transcript Highlights:
- The Executive Office of Labor and Workforce Development created a 250 apprenticeship program that was
Summary:
The Special Commission on the 250th Anniversary of the American Revolution met without a quorum, so the gathering remained unofficial and no minutes were approved or formal votes taken. Chair Senator Paul Mark conducted roll call, then moved to updates and presentations from House co-chair Representative Sean Garballey, Massachusetts Office of Travel and Tourism Director Sheila Green, and Revolution 250’s Jonathan Lane.
Representative Garballey highlighted the recent Patriots’ Day and Lexington-Concord commemorations, calling them highly successful, and noted that the House’s supplemental budget included $15 million for 250th anniversary events. Director Green gave a broad Massachusetts 250 update, emphasizing the large turnout for April commemorations, upcoming events including Fall River, Bunker Hill, Flag Day, Charlestown’s parade, Gloucester’s reenactment, and Newburyport’s parade, plus ongoing initiatives such as Museums 250, Lunch and Learns, grant programs, podcasts, and partnerships with sports teams, museums, and state agencies. She also reported 131 applications for FY26 grants totaling $7.5 million, with $2 million available for awards.
Jonathan Lane described Revolution 250’s work supporting local commemorations across the Commonwealth, including Chelsea Creek, Monotomy, Hingham, Pittsfield, Plymouth, and other communities, and praised local legislators’ involvement. He previewed major upcoming Bunker Hill and Charlestown events, the Gloucester reenactment, the 250th Revolution 250 podcast episode featuring Rick Atkinson, Knox Trail programming, and the start of Massachusetts 250 events in 2026. The meeting ended with thanks to the presenters and a note that the commission would likely reconvene after July 4.
MA
Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session
Joint Committee on Consumer Protection and Professional Licensure Apr 15th, 2026
Joint Committee on Consumer Protection and Professional Licensure
Transcript Highlights:
- Owners are managing tight margins, rising labor and food costs, and constant operational pressures.
Keywords:
tariff transparency, consumer disclosure, price transparency, vehicle pricing, Monroney label, auto dealer, car manufacturer, retail pricing, shelf tag, receipt disclosure, online storefront, import duties, trade taxes, Chapter 93A, Attorney General enforcement, consumer protection, federal preemption, customs, supply chain costs, tariff surcharge
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Senate Local Government Committee Mar 18th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- Cities, labor groups, and service providers like waste haulers are in joint support of this effort.
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Local Government met, established a quorum, and first approved a consent calendar containing SB 1005, SB 1080, SB 935, and S.J.R. 11 on a 4-0 vote, with those items remaining on call until later. SB 992 had been pulled at the author’s request. The committee then heard SB 922 by Senator Laird, which would clarify that local governments may recover street maintenance and repair costs caused by public service operations, such as waste hauling, through rates, fees, or franchise agreements. Supporters included the League of California Cities, county groups, cities, waste haulers, and legal counsel who argued the bill restores a long-standing practice disrupted by a recent court decision and does not authorize new taxes or development fees. The California Building Industry Association opposed unless amended, warning the bill could inadvertently broaden local fee authority. After discussion about the bill’s scope and whether it would apply only to heavy service vehicles, SB 922 passed the committee 7-0 and was sent to the Senate floor.
The committee also heard SB 1078, which would allow Santa Cruz County voters to consider raising the local tax cap to fund essential services, including health care, food assistance, and hospital support, in response to federal funding cuts. The County of Santa Cruz and the Central California Alliance for Health supported the measure, emphasizing Medi-Cal enrollment, CalFresh needs, and budget shortfalls tied to HR1 impacts. Some senators questioned whether the bill was effectively authorizing a tax increase and raised concerns about setting a precedent for other counties, while supporters stressed that the measure only allows voters to decide. SB 1078 passed 5-2 and was sent to the Committee on Revenue and Taxation. The committee then reconfirmed passage of the consent calendar items 7-0 and adjourned after concluding the agenda.
ID
Idaho 2026 Regular Session
Agenda Mar 10th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- process by which we collect input from providers about the selections, for example, of the Bureau of Labor
Summary:
The House Health and Welfare Committee approved the minutes from February 26 and March 2, then considered RS 33677, a revised version of a prior bill dealing with Medicaid/provider rate-setting and cost surveys. Representative John Vanderrata said the new draft clarified the intended spending reduction, identified the affected line items and state match, narrowed the services to be cost-surveyed, pushed the implementation date to December of the following year, and added language stating rates are subject to legislative appropriation. Department of Health and Welfare Medicaid administrator Sasha O’Connell explained the department would conduct annual cost surveys similar to current practice, audit a random 15% of responses, and likely continue using its existing auditor, Myers and Stauffer. The committee voted to introduce RS 33677 and send it to the second reading calendar.
The committee then introduced RS 33626, which would create a legislative oversight committee for Idaho’s rural health transformation funds, awarded through a federal rural health program. Representative Jordan Redmond said the bill was intended to provide legislative oversight of the nearly $1 billion in funds over five years. Members asked about minority-party representation and rural membership on the committee, and Redmond said leadership had discussed those issues and he expected minority-party participation, while noting the House and Senate versions differed on committee size and rurality requirements. The motion to introduce RS 33626 passed.
Finally, the committee heard House Bill 758, a cleanup bill for child care licensing rules. Representative Barbara Ehardt said the bill clarified that providers may use monitors rather than remain physically in the nap room so long as they are within reasonable hearing distance, and it also clarified how providers’ own school-age children are counted in group size. A member of the public, Elizabeth Nune, testified in opposition, arguing the changes would weaken supervision and professionalism in child care. Ehardt responded that without the clarifications, many home daycare providers could be forced out of business. The committee voted to send HB 758 to the floor with a due pass recommendation, and then adjourned.
ID
Idaho 2026 Regular Session
Agenda Feb 19th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- You've just heard testimony from two employees in the state of Idaho describing unfair labor practices
Summary:
The committee first agreed to hold House Bill 640 in committee after a motion and voice vote. It then heard House Bill 641, which would require employers offering sick leave to allow employees to use accrued leave without retaliation, while still complying with applicable federal FMLA and ADA provisions. The sponsor described it as a light-touch measure to prevent employers from disciplining workers for using earned sick leave. Testimony from workers and labor representatives supported the bill, describing cases where employees were disciplined or feared discipline for using sick time for illness or family medical needs. Some members raised concerns about referencing federal law in state statute, but the committee passed the bill on a roll call vote, 10-2, with a do-pass recommendation.
The committee next heard Senate Bill 1221, which changes language from “irrigation district” to “irrigation or drainage entity” in a PERSI-related exception so the seasonal work allowance applies more consistently. The sponsor said the change was intended to clarify and align the law for eligible entities. With no substantive opposition, the committee passed the bill by voice vote and sent it to the floor with a do-pass recommendation.
Finally, the committee considered House Bill 642, which expands death benefits for EMS workers, firefighters, and police officers killed in the line of duty. The bill would provide a $500,000 lump-sum benefit and an annual pension for surviving spouses, or a lump-sum benefit for children if the worker was unmarried, and it applies retroactively to July 1, 2021. Testimony from law enforcement, PERSI, and public safety representatives strongly supported the measure and emphasized that the benefit changes were funded without adding a state burden. After a brief clarification of the pension amount, the committee unanimously passed the bill with a do-pass recommendation and then adjourned.
AZ
Transcript Highlights:
- society, enriching the arts, serving in its defense in time of war, and advocating for civil rights and labor
Summary:
The House convened, opened with prayer and the Pledge, approved the prior journal, and recognized the Doctor of the Day, Dr. Timothy Beger. Members also introduced several guests and groups in the gallery, including rare disease advocates, community leader Roberto Apodaca Revelez, Lucid Motors representatives, and a pediatrician visiting for Pediatrics Day at the Capitol. Attendance was recorded at 55 present, 0 absent, and 5 excused.
In Committee of the Whole, the House considered HB 2022, HB 2122, and HB 2138. HB 2022, dealing with election procedures, was amended to extend the overseas military voter deadline fix and clarify that party observers may be present at all voting locations; it received a do pass recommendation. HB 2122, a technical reciprocity correction for engineers, also received a do pass recommendation. HB 2138, a cleanup bill clarifying that firefighters are covered under workers’ compensation alongside police officers, was amended and recommended do pass.
On third reading, the House passed HB 2022 as an emergency measure by 56-0, HB 2046 on probation by 56-0, and HB 2116 appropriating $1 million to the Colorado River Litigation Fund by 56-0. Members speaking on HB 2116 emphasized protecting Arizona’s Colorado River water rights and described the fund as a bipartisan effort. The chamber also heard commemorative remarks recognizing Notre Dame Prep’s hockey championship, proclaiming February 2 as Mexican American Heritage Day, and honoring Mary Green as an early Black pioneer in Arizona.
After recess, the House received committee and first-reading reports, announced several temporary committee replacements, and then adjourned until 1:15 p.m. Tuesday, February 3, 2026.
MO
Missouri 2026 Regular Session
Emerging Issues Feb 2nd, 2026
Emerging Issues and Professional Registration
Transcript Highlights:
- There is the 20% gaming tax funds, which the laborers mentioned would come on there that goes to public
Summary:
The committee first met in executive session and adopted a House Committee substitute for House Bills 2404 and 2172, then voted the substitute do pass by a roll call vote of 10-2. The bills were not discussed in detail, but the action advanced them out of committee. The committee then took up House Bill 2989, a large gaming-related bill sponsored by Representative Hardwick. Hardwick described numerous changes in the substitute, including removing references requested by the Highway Patrol, clarifying tax reporting, extending local opt-out time, changing the effective date from August 2027 to August 2028, reducing a felony penalty to a misdemeanor, increasing a casino-related fee from $2 to $4 with the extra amount going to the Missouri Veterans Commission, and adding non-severability language. Members adopted three committee amendments, including language barring previously illegal gambling machines from being licensed as video lottery terminals and requiring games to be out of line of sight from the front entrance, then adopted the revised substitute and voted HCS HB 2989 do pass by an 8-5 vote.
The committee then moved to public hearing on House Bills 1746 and 1769, both related to artificial intelligence. Representatives Miller and Amato presented the bills as an effort to establish that AI has no personhood and to create a framework for responsibility and accountability. They said the legislation was informed by outside experts and other states’ efforts, and Miller emphasized using the National Institute of Standards and Technology AI risk management framework as a baseline. Members questioned how liability would work, especially for developers, deployers, and users, and raised concerns about undefined terms such as “harm” and about possible conflict with federal policy discouraging a patchwork of state AI laws. The sponsors said the bill would be cleaned up further and that liability should generally rest with the person using or deploying the AI, not the AI itself.
During public testimony, one witness spoke in favor of the AI bills, arguing that states should act proactively rather than wait for problems and noting concern about prior federal efforts to limit state AI legislation. No witnesses spoke in opposition during the hearing. The committee then closed testimony and adjourned.
AZ
AZ
Transcript Highlights:
- ; HB 2834, claims against HOA's; HB 2835, labor organizations; HB 2836, tax credit for fire prevention
Summary:
The House convened, opened with prayer and the Pledge of Allegiance, approved the prior journal, and recorded attendance at 56 present, zero absent, and four excused. Members then used personal privilege to introduce guests and recognize visiting groups, including the West Valley Regional Chamber, Habitat for Humanity, Special Olympics Arizona, Vitalant, and veterans and military representatives. The chamber and blood donor month proclamations were read, with Representative Bliss recognizing January as National Blood Donor Month in Arizona and Vitalant’s role in supplying most of the state’s blood supply, and Representative Aguilar declaring January 22, 2026, West Valley Regional Chamber Day.
The House handled a large volume of procedural business, including reports of standing committees, first reading and referral of numerous bills and resolutions, and announcements of committee meetings. The bills covered a wide range of topics such as elections, education, housing, taxes, health care, artificial intelligence, veterans, public safety, and energy. Several measures were also withdrawn and reassigned to different committees, including referrals to the Committee on Artificial Intelligence and Innovation, Government, Public Safety and Law Enforcement, and Natural Resources, Energy, and Water.
Members also made brief remarks honoring guests and community causes, including a Veterans Caucus lunch announcement focused on military-family policy and a personal remembrance by Senator Cruz. No substantive floor votes on legislation were taken beyond procedural approvals and the motion to adjourn. The House recessed and later adjourned until 1:15 p.m. on Monday, January 26, 2026.
FL
Florida 2026 Regular Session
Governmental Oversight and Accountability Jan 20th, 2026
Governmental Oversight and Accountability
Transcript Highlights:
- enforcement, This proposal has broad support from firefighters, paramedics, law enforcement, management, and labor
Keywords:
mental health, first responders, employment benefits, 911 telecommunicators, nervous injuries, retirement, elected officials, Deferred Retirement Option Program, DROP, cost-of-living adjustment, trade secret, public records exemption, public meetings exemption, open government, sunset review, agency confidentiality, proprietary business information, proprietary confidential business information, confidential records, Florida public records law
Summary:
The Committee on Governmental Oversight and Accountability met and first heard Senate Bill 774, which would extend workers’ compensation medical benefits for employment-related mental or nervous injuries to 911 public safety telecommunicators, even without a physical injury. The sponsor and several dispatchers, a clinician, and communications directors testified in support, describing repeated exposure to traumatic calls, chronic understaffing, and the need for mental health treatment and retention support. Senator DiCeglie and Chair Mayfield praised dispatchers’ work, and the bill was reported favorably by committee vote, with Senator McClain later recorded as voting yes on the bill.
The committee then took up SPB 7028, a retirement bill that sets Florida Retirement System employer contribution rates beginning July 1, 2026, leaves the 3% employee contribution unchanged, allows certain elected officers to receive a DROP payout under specified conditions, and provides a 1.5% alternative cost-of-living adjustment for eligible special risk retirees. Firefighters, police, sheriffs, and chiefs’ groups spoke in support, emphasizing recruitment and retention. The committee voted to submit the proposal as a committee bill and reported it favorably.
Finally, the committee considered SPB 7024 and SPB 7026, both open-government-related bills. SPB 7024 would repeal the current public records and public meeting exemption for cybersecurity information and consolidate agency-specific cybersecurity exemptions into one agency-wide exemption. SPB 7026 would repeal the current public records exemption for trade secrets held by an agency and similarly consolidate specific trade secret exemptions into one agency-wide exemption. Neither bill drew testimony or debate, and both were submitted as committee bills and reported favorably. The meeting then adjourned.
FL
Transcript Highlights:
- They do seem to always be a consensus-building, compromise-yielding labor of love between the House,
Summary:
The Senate convened for opening day of the 2026 regular session with prayer, presentation of colors by the Polk County Sheriff’s Office Honor Guard, the Pledge of Allegiance, and a performance of the national anthem by the FAMU Marching 100. The chamber then administered the oath of office to newly elected Senator Ralph E. Misullo, Jr. of District 11, and welcomed a number of special guests, including statewide elected officials, Supreme Court justices, and former Senate leaders and members.
The Senate adopted SCR 1466, which authorized the House and Senate to meet in joint session to receive a message from the Governor, and waived rules to immediately transmit the resolution to the House. The Rules Chair also moved that the Secretary notify the House and Governor that the Senate was convened and ready to begin the 2026 regular session. No substantive legislation was debated; the session was largely ceremonial and organizational.
In remarks, the Senate President reflected on the role of the Senate, the need for balance, deliberation, and checks and balances, and highlighted priorities such as rural Florida, citrus recovery, farmers feeding Florida, rural health care, affordability, low taxes, property tax relief, and fiscal restraint. He also emphasized faith, service, and cooperation. At the end of the session, Senator Gates announced that 52 executive appointments would be considered the next day, and the Senate adjourned until 4:00 p.m. on Wednesday, January 14, 2026, with committee meetings and other business to follow.
FL
Florida 2025 Regular Session
November 18, 2025 - 03:30 PM
Transcript Highlights:
- These safety measures require space, equipment, and labor far beyond what was needed for a gasoline-powered
Summary:
The Intergovernmental Affairs Subcommittee heard four bills. HB 37 by Rep. Nix addressed the removal, storage, and cleanup of damaged electric vehicles, allowing towing and storage operators to charge an administrative fee when EVs are stored under enhanced safety standards such as a 50-foot separation or protective barrier. The sponsor and towing industry witnesses described post-crash battery fire risks, while Tesla and Enterprise Mobility raised concerns that the bill was too broad and could lead to triple storage charges even when battery damage is not present. Members largely supported the concept, though some urged further narrowing; the bill was reported favorably after debate.
HB 401 by Rep. Tant would cap inmate health care compensation at 110% of the Medicare reimbursement rate for Jefferson County, with the sponsor and Sheriff Matt McNeil saying the measure would help a fiscally constrained county control rising outside medical costs and encourage providers to contract in advance. With no opposition or debate, the bill was reported favorably. The committee also considered HB 4003 by Rep. Benaroch, a local bill for Marco Island that creates a special-election process for council vacancies when the council fails to act; an amendment extended the election window to 130 days and required the governor to call the election if the council does not do so within 30 days. The amendment was adopted and the bill was then reported favorably.
Finally, HB 407 by Rep. Snyder would modernize the Martin County Health Care Fund and define indigency criteria for county-funded indigent care, including residency, income, asset, and Medicaid eligibility limits. County and hospital representatives supported the measure, and one member suggested comparing the bill’s indigency definition with existing criminal indigency standards for consistency. The bill also was reported favorably, and the meeting adjourned after all agenda items were completed.
CA
Transcript Highlights:
- We lost years of labor and investment, and took on significant debt due to business disruption and relocation
Committee:
House Agriculture
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- They cause the child to die, and they also induce labor.
Committee:
House State Affairs
Keywords:
biological sex, government information, definitions, sex-based distinctions, public health, flags, display, state law, municipalities, government buildings, drug enforcement, local control, home rule, municipal charter, county policy, ordinance preemption, state preemption, attorney general enforcement, civil penalties, mandamus
NM
New Mexico 2025 Regular Session
House - Transportation and Public Works Mar 20th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- We've been laboring for the last couple of years with some of the higher traffic fatalities in the state
MA
Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session
Combatting Antisemitism Jun 21st, 2026 at 01:00 pm
Transcript Highlights:
- And there are skills that are missing. And that's what I tried to say about civic education.
- reflecting on what Ambassador Salamont talked about, about the need to have this dialogue, to create the skills
Summary:
The meeting began with roll call, approval of the May 5 minutes, and opening remarks thanking commissioners and the public for their attendance. The commission then heard testimony from former Ambassador Alan Solomont, who argued that antisemitism is rising in multiple forms, including white nationalist antisemitism and antisemitism tied to anti-Israel rhetoric after October 7. He said campus antisemitism should be addressed with nuance, distinguishing protected political speech from conduct that targets Jewish students, and warned against weaponizing antisemitism to attack higher education, civil liberties, or federal research funding. He urged the commission to use multiple definitions and frameworks, including IHRA, Nexus, and the Jerusalem Declaration, and to focus on campus-specific solutions, civic education, and civil discourse. Commissioners asked him about Tufts’ antisemitism training, the role of the federal government, the use of the IHRA definition, and how to improve civic education; he emphasized local campus responses, broader civics instruction, and protecting democracy and due process.
The second major witness was Professor David Weber of Boston University, who testified on the BDS movement and anti-BDS laws. He described BDS as a campaign targeting Israeli businesses, universities, and institutions, and argued it functions as a propagandistic and discriminatory effort that fuels antisemitism and chills dialogue on campuses and in public life. He cited examples such as SodaStream, Ben & Jerry’s, and Brown University, and said anti-BDS laws in 37 states have been effective and constitutional because they regulate government economic activity rather than suppress speech. Weber urged Massachusetts to adopt an anti-BDS statute or executive order, saying the state’s large Jewish population and economic ties to Israel make the issue especially important. Commissioners questioned him about which states have such laws, the impact on dialogue and campus culture, possible legal frameworks, and whether BDS is really aimed at the Israeli government or at individuals and institutions; he maintained that BDS targets people and entities connected to Israel and that anti-BDS measures can help draw a line against illiberal conduct.