Transcript Highlights:

• SB 1406, citizen suits committee solid waste. Natural Resources. SB 1407, tribal consultations.

Transcript Highlights:

• What it did is it wasted two decades.
• It wasted $1.6 billion pursuing a line of inquiry that was based upon a fraud.
• What it did is it wasted two decades.
• It wasted 1.6 billion pursuing a line of inquiry that was based upon a fraud.
• But I don't know that that was reflected in our work as far as a solid number.

Summary: The committee first took up SB 1066, which would allow the Attorney General or a county attorney to sue researchers for knowingly or recklessly publishing fraudulent scientific research, and would let injured parties recover damages. The sponsor and a supporting witness argued the bill would create personal accountability for deliberate research fraud and cited examples of retracted or manipulated studies; opponents warned that peer review and existing scientific processes already address bad research and that the bill could chill research and speech. The committee later passed SB 1066 on a 4-3 vote. The committee then heard SB 1015, which would impose strict personal liability on providers who perform gender transition procedures on minors for later detransition costs and related injuries. Supporters, including the sponsor, a doctor, a detransitioner, and a parent, said the bill would protect children, create accountability, and help families seek redress for irreversible harm. Opponents from the ACLU and others argued the measure discriminates against transgender patients, would likely chill care by making providers uninsurable, and could function as a backdoor ban; the committee nevertheless advanced the bill on a 4-3 vote. SB 1049, as amended, limited spousal maintenance to four years and adjusted eligibility and guideline factors. The sponsor and a family law attorney said the bill would curb overly long awards and better account for assets and income, while the Judicial Council explained the existing guideline work and noted the new calculator was intended to add uniformity; one senator objected that the cap was arbitrary and ignored case-specific context. The committee adopted the amendment and passed the bill 4-2. The committee also unanimously passed SB 1189, allowing campaign funds to be used for candidate and family security, and SB 1133, eliminating a duplicate financial disclosure filing for candidates who already filed an annual statement. Finally, the committee heard SB 1081, which would bar a DCS attorney from appearing before a judge after appearing before that judge in any of the attorney’s previous five DCS cases, and advanced it 4-3 after debate over judicial familiarity and rural-court impacts. The committee also heard SCR 1001, a proposed constitutional referral to end early voting the Friday before the election, require proof of citizenship and government ID, and restrict mail ballots to voters who affirmatively request them; supporters framed it as an election-integrity measure, while ADOT testified neutrally but warned that free IDs could cost tens of millions in lost revenue and affect road funding. The transcript ends during testimony on SCR 1001, before any vote on that measure.

Transcript Highlights:

• rules, and it's possible they could have a wall that you can't see through right it could be actual solid
• rules, and it's possible they could have a wall that you can't see through right it could be actual solid
• c><00:35:02.240><c> barrier</c><00:35:02.560><c> wall</c><00:35:02.800><c> but</c> could be actual solid
• barrier wall but could be actual solid barrier wall but once<00:35:03.359><c> but</c><00:35:03.599><
• Senate File 69, Waste and Storm Water Senate File 69, Waste and Storm Water Infrastructure<01:35:16.080

Transcript Highlights:

• In the House of Representatives, House Bill 661, by Local Government Committee, an act relating to solid
• waste disposal to revise provisions regarding solid waste disposal site contracts in counties.
• will protect taxpayer investments, improve program efficiency, and ensure taxpayer dollars aren't wasted

Transcript Highlights:

• We'd like to see further coordination between the Department of Ecology and local solid waste programs
• I'd like to see further coordination between the Department of Ecology and local solid waste programs
• can't even send them away if they don't bundle them in small amounts because it triggers the toxic waste

Summary: The committee first heard House Bill 2483, which would create an annual data broker registry at the Department of Licensing beginning in 2027. Staff explained that data brokers would have to register, pay a fee, and disclose information about the types of data collected, security measures, opt-out options, and whether precise geolocation or consumer health data is involved. Prime sponsor Rep. Kloba said the bill is intended to make data collection and resale more visible to consumers and to address harms such as scams, tracking, and surveillance pricing. Testimony was mixed: TechNet, the Association of Washington Business, and the Washington Retail Association opposed the bill as drafted, saying the definition of data broker is too broad and could sweep in businesses that are not true data brokers, while the sponsor and committee members discussed possible clarifying amendments and public-data carve-outs. The committee then heard House Bill 2400, which would regulate monetized social media content featuring children. Staff described provisions requiring vloggers above certain revenue thresholds to register with the Department of Revenue, creating trust accounts for minor children appearing in monetized videos, allowing young adults to request deletion of monetized childhood content, requiring reporting by social media services, and establishing civil penalties and statutory damages. Rep. Reeves said the bill is meant to draw a line between ordinary family posting and monetizing children online, citing concerns about child labor protections and exploitation. TechNet and AWB opposed the bill, arguing that social media platforms should not be made the middleman for trust accounts and that the private right of action and enforcement structure should be revisited; they urged further work during the interim. Finally, the committee took testimony on House Bill 2439, an omnibus tobacco and vapor product bill. Staff said it would create a responsible vendor program, raise license fees and penalties, require retailers to buy from licensed wholesalers or distributors, add certification requirements for vapor manufacturers, study extended producer responsibility for vapor waste, expand lab testing authority, tighten age-verification rules, prohibit certain imitation or entertainment vapor products, remove state preemption so local governments could adopt stricter rules, and redirect portions of tobacco tax revenue to public health accounts. Supporters, including public health groups, King County, the American Heart Association, and pediatricians, backed the youth-prevention, local-control, and funding provisions. Industry and retail witnesses opposed the bill, focusing on the loss of preemption, higher fees, compliance burdens, and the risk of pushing sales to the illicit market; some also argued the bill should rely more on state-level uniform regulation and stronger enforcement rather than new restrictions.

Transcript Highlights:

• tax on social media companies, a variety of tax proposals on cigarettes, a proposed increase to the solid
• waste tax.
• family and their community, paying their taxes, and yet they see at least indications of significant waste

Summary: Senate and House Republican leaders used the media availability to focus heavily on affordability and to criticize a newly unveiled Democratic income tax proposal. Leaders John Braun, Drew Stokesbary, and others argued the bill would function as a broader income tax, harm small and medium-sized businesses, include a marriage penalty, deny loss carryforwards, and ultimately raise costs for Washington residents. They also said the proposal would do little to offset regressive taxes and would not meaningfully improve affordability. In response to questions, they said the bill was a non-starter for Republicans and warned it could contribute to business and household outmigration. Republicans also highlighted a range of other bills they said would increase costs or worsen public safety, including proposals related to insurance, tires and 6PPD, textiles, local taxes, social media, cigarettes, and solid waste. They criticized housing-related bills on homelessness and camping near schools and parks, saying they could limit local control and expose cities to lawsuits. On public safety, they said Democratic leaders were not advancing Republican-backed bills on sexually violent predators, family safety, and related issues. Braun also said his bill on oversight of NGOs and suspected fraud had a good hearing and remained a priority, while Republicans said they were watching fraud-related bills and a SNAP-related bill on restricting purchases of unhealthy foods. The leaders said they were holding listening sessions on the initiatives because they believe the legislature must give them precedence, and they said they invited both supporters and opponents to participate. They also discussed Senate Bill 602 on automated license plate readers, saying it had bipartisan support in committee but still faced concerns from cities, counties, and law enforcement. On the governor’s statement that he could not support the income tax proposal as written, Republicans said it showed there may be room for negotiation within the Democratic side, but they doubted Republicans would be included in those talks. No votes were taken during the media availability.

Transcript Highlights:

• This is the most valuable thing, with a solid gold... Senator Reese, a personal privilege.
• Task Force on Illegal Dumping Prevention and Enforcement to study the extent of illegal dumping of waste
• Task Force on Illegal Dumping Prevention and Enforcement to study the extent of illegal dumping of waste
• force on illegal dumping prevention and enforcement and studies the extent of illegal dumping and waste

Bills: SR146 , SCR12 , HB378 , HB509 , HB1090 , HB221 , HCR85 , HCR100 , HCR105 , HCR107 , HCR114 , HCR58 , HB723 , SB4 , SB52 , SB57 , SB83 , SB131 , SB143 , SB145 , SB152 , SB194 , SB251 , SB254 , SB279 , SB283 , SB333 , SB353 , SB367 , SB384 , SB389 , SB398 , SB408 , SB431 , SB448 , SB450 , SB465 , SB468 , SB469 , SB484 , SB495 , SB496 , SB509 , SB56 , SCR9 , SCR58 , SB35 , SB65 , SB215 , SB246 , SB249 , SB269 , SB282 , SB296 , SB323 , SB363 , SB369 , SB474 , SB490 , SB492 , SB500 , SB514 , HCR32 , HB59 , HB89 , HB153 , HB243 , HB335 , HB342 , HB407 , HB451 , HB513 , HB595 , HB682 , HB688 , HB690 , HB730 , HB762 , HB802 , HB816 , HB940 , HB1003 , HB1011 , HB1029 , HB1053 , HB1058 , HB1062 , HB1064 , HB1079 , HB1084 , HB1098 , HB1161 , HB1189 , HB1203 , HB1215 , HB1247 , HB1248 , HB1251 , HB1253 , HB1257 , HB1258 , HB17 , HB27 , HB36 , HB41 , HB73 , HB140 , HB166 , HB181 , HB205 , HB211 , HB223 , HB226 , HB259 , HB271 , HB308 , HB337 , HB399 , HB410 , HB487 , HB626 , HB712 , HB740 , HB750 , HB759 , HB775 , HB812 , HB844 , HB906 , HB966 , HB968 , HB979 , HB1006 , HB1009 , HB1018 , HB1036 , HB1038 , HB1081 , HB1086 , HB1107 , HB1112 , HB1155 , HB1220 , HB1242 , HB1252 , HB1256 , SB42 , SB208 , SB217 , SB274 , SB300 , SB341 , SB379 , SB382 , SB387 , SB401 , SB449 , SB487 , HB74 , HB119 , HB134 , HB210 , HB258 , HB468 , HB784 , HB870 , HB953 , HB956 , HB1117 , HB1236 , SB29 , SB43 , SB78 , SB149 , SB441 , HB359

Keywords: SR146, Senate Resolution 146, Louis Thomas Nelson, Thomas Nelson, condolences, memorial resolution, tribute, obituary, public service, St. Martinville, Cade, St. Martin Parish, police juror, mayor, community center, water system, school bus driver, school board, Louisiana Senate, sympathy

Transcript Highlights:

• sometimes when I have, you know, the stacks of paper can literally be this high, and I've given a solid
• There is time being wasted that could be spent on more productive things.
• There is time being wasted that could be spent on more productive things.
• So HB 431 is allowing composting of yard waste, food residue, and other organic materials to divert the
• waste going into our landfills, extending landfill life and reducing disposal costs.

Committee: Senate Executive

Transcript Highlights:

• hybrid gasoline-electric vehicles, most of the fuel that's going into that car's tank comes out as waste
• It's almost 80% of gasoline that goes into a tank yet is removed as mostly heat waste, but also tires
• creating what's called rolling resistance, and then also air resistance are the biggest drivers of that waste
• feedstocks include lipids like vegetable oils, used cooking oils, and animal fats, biomass, municipal solid
• waste, and other waste streams.

Summary: The Senate Transportation Committee held a work session on electric vehicles, renewable fuels, hydrogen, and related transportation investments, followed by public hearings on several bills. Agency presenters from WSDOT, Commerce, and Ecology described the Electric Vehicle Coordinating Council’s work, Washington’s slowing EV adoption growth, charging infrastructure gaps, and programs such as NEVI, ZEVIP, and a new medium- and heavy-duty incentive program. Members asked about fast-charging standards and whether higher-capacity chargers could be supported. Commerce also outlined renewable fuels and sustainable aviation fuel efforts, including the Office of Renewable Fuels, hydrogen and SAF modeling, technical assistance, and the Cascadia Sustainable Aviation Accelerator’s partnerships and funding. WSDOT then discussed hydrogen investments in transit, aviation, backup power, and corridor planning, while Ecology explained the alternative jet fuel programmatic environmental impact statement, its scope, timeline, and how it will support future project review. In the public hearing on Substitute House Bill 2114, the committee heard testimony supporting a no-fee replacement process for defective license plates within two years of issuance, with optional fee waivers later; the sponsor and county auditors said peeling or unreadable plates are a real customer-service problem, especially in eastern Washington. The hearing on House Bill 2111 concerned allowing the I-5 Bridge Replacement Project toll facility bond retirement account to keep its interest earnings instead of sending them to the general fund; the prime sponsor said it is a straightforward fix requested by the state treasurer. Substitute House Bill 1823 would update Transportation Improvement Board statutes by replacing “non-motorized” with “active transportation” and removing obsolete references; TIB said it is a cleanup bill that aligns statutes with current grant practices and complete streets policy. The committee also heard House Bill 2495, which would let the City of Seattle direct immediate impoundment of unattended vehicles blocking streetcar operations, similar to existing authority for Sound Transit. Seattle’s streetcar manager said blocked tracks cause frequent delays and that the bill would reduce waits for police authorization and restore service faster. Public testimony and sign-in counts were noted for each bill, but no votes were taken in the transcript, and the meeting concluded after the final public hearing.

Transcript Highlights:

• I introduced this fully bipartisan bill as the chair of the state solid waste working group after at
• I introduced this fully bipartisan bill as the chair of the state solid waste working group after at
• I introduced this fully bipartisan bill as the chair of the state solid waste working group after at
• </c><03:21:34.160><c> waste</c> the chair of the state solid waste the chair of the state solid waste
• Solid waste workers and first responders are at extreme risk. Some have even died.

Committee: House Finance

Transcript Highlights:

• Then you get over to the solid waste side. We just got odds and ends of everything.
• Then you get over to<00:35:45.760><c> the</c><00:35:46.000><c> solid</c><00:35:46.400><c> waste</c><00
• </c><00:35:47.119><c> We</c><00:35:47.280><c> just</c><00:35:47.520><c> got</c> to the solid waste side
• We just got to the solid waste side.
• I I'm I generating that waste.

Summary: The meeting began with roll call, adoption of the minutes, and brief remarks, including birthday recognition for Representative Maseroni and a moment of reflection for a soldier who died during training at Fort Knox. The committee then heard a presentation from Tony Hatton, commissioner of the Department for Environmental Protection and acting director of the Kentucky Division of Water, with Amanda Lefer, deputy commissioner, on the state’s water and wastewater programs and planning. Hatton described Kentucky’s water resources and the Division of Water’s responsibilities, including watershed and nonpoint source work, KPDES discharge permitting, PFAS response, engineering review of water infrastructure, inspections, public outreach, and sampling. He said Kentucky has 428 public water systems, 263 water treatment plants, about 1.9 million service connections, and nearly 97% of the population has access to municipally treated water. He also noted that the state has 43 systems receiving awards for EPA areawide optimization and emphasized operator training, regionalization, and use of GIS mapping and Kentucky Infrastructure Authority data to support planning and funding decisions. Members raised concerns about aging infrastructure, water loss, staffing shortages, and wastewater problems in local systems. Representative Blandon described severe failures in a city system, including major water loss and sewer backups, and asked whether the state could intervene; Hatton said the division inspects treatment facilities and provides compliance assistance but is not authorized to manage delivery systems, though third-party help and emergency funding can be used in some cases. Senator Smith and others shared similar experiences with line loss and system failures, while Hatton pointed to regionalization and funding support as the main tools available. The discussion also highlighted PFAS as an emerging issue, with Hatton saying the department is working with systems to meet anticipated federal requirements by 2029.

Transcript Highlights:

• With that, I hope everybody votes a solid, strong aye. Thank you. Senator Kavanaugh.
• in Phoenix, mobile food vendors began to spread up in neighborhoods who were a bit concerned about waste
• I really didn't even want to stand up and talk about this bill because it's such a waste of our time.
• But yet we're here wasting time, wasting energy, and I realize there's irony in that in getting up and
• But yet we're here wasting time, wasting energy, and I realize there's irony in that in getting up and

Transcript Highlights:

• We cannot continue to waste taxpayer dollars on programs that are not helping everyday Arizonans.
• But now with the universal voucher program, we are hearing horrible stories of people wasting tax...
• ...the universal voucher program, we are hearing horrible stories of people wasting taxpayer dollars
• But now with the universal voucher program, we are hearing horrible stories of people wasting tax the
• This bill instead is a good, solid due process reform that provides for an opportunity to effectively

Transcript Highlights:

• That is a delayed diagnosis, wasted health care spending, and prolonged suffering.
• of revising this and making it have a little bit more local control along with having some really solid
• a district has been doing kind of what this bill is really aimed at—having a good blend and having solid
• of revising this and making it have a little bit more local control along with having some really solid
• district has been doing kind of what this bill is really aimed at, having a good blend and having solid

Summary: The House first established a quorum after introductions of the Freedom of the Road Riders and Warsaw High School students. Members then took up House Bill 1855, a reporting bill on alpha-gal syndrome. The sponsor described the bill as a public health surveillance measure to add alpha-gal to Missouri’s reportable conditions, require lab reporting to the Department of Health and Senior Services, and send aggregated data to the CDC. Supporters said the bill would help identify hotspots, guide education and funding, and address a serious tick-borne condition affecting rural and urban Missourians alike. Opponents raised concerns about cost, false positives/negatives, and privacy, but the sponsor and others said the system would be HIPAA-compliant and de-identified at the federal level. Two amendments to HB 1855 were debated. An amendment changing the department’s follow-up authority from “may” to “shall” was adopted, with supporters arguing that if the legislature funds follow-up, the department should be required to do it. A second amendment creating an opt-in/opt-out consent process for reporting was rejected 41-10 after extensive debate over privacy, data collection, and whether consent would undermine disease surveillance. The House then adopted the House committee substitute for HB 1855 as amended and ordered it perfected and printed. The chamber next considered House Bills 2230 and 2978, a revised education measure aimed at reducing screen time in K-5 classrooms and encouraging handwriting and cursive instruction. The sponsor said the bill was based on research linking heavy screen use to poorer educational and behavioral outcomes, and supporters emphasized local control, parent access to screen-time policies, and the need to bring experts together through a state-level focus group. An amendment to exclude virtual school programs was adopted. The House then adopted the committee substitute for HB 2230 and 2978 as amended and ordered it perfected and printed. Finally, the House began debate on House Bill 2355, the Food Is Medicine Initiative. The sponsor said the bill would let Missouri use federal funds through 1115 waivers to pilot medically tailored meals, produce prescriptions, nutrition counseling, and related interventions to improve health and lower Medicaid costs. Members generally supported the concept, citing food deserts and the benefits of better nutrition, but an amendment adding vitamin therapies and cleanup language prompted concern from one member about supplement quality and regulation; the transcript ends during that amendment discussion.

Transcript Highlights:

• We have a waste water system. That is part of the utility that has a consent decree.
• They are paying $71 for their water waste water bill. They are. $10 for their stormwater bill.
• Nine billion on the waste. consent decrees side and six billion on the water side. 510 million of that
• They also ensure non-wasteful use of groundwater.
• How we treat our waste water and the state of our waste water infrastructure is a water supply issue

Committee: House Natural Resources

Transcript Highlights:

• THE AGENCY I HEARD ABOUT THE ROAD THAT CHALLENGES OR FEELING LIKE THE DATES ON THERE MAY NOT BE AS SOLID
• THIS PROJECT FOR ENHANCING THE AGENCIES ABILITY TO DETECT MEDICAID FRAUD, WASTE AND ABUSE, SLIGHTLY AHEAD
• MIGHT HAVE IMPACTED THE PROJECT OVERALL COMPARED TO OTHER PLACES. >> I COULDN'T REALLY GIVE YOU A SOLID
• THE CEO AS WELL ABOUT THE ISSUES THAT HAVE BEEN RAISED IN THE IV REPORT AND MAKING SURE WE ARE ON A SOLID

Transcript Highlights:

• Do we have any modern solutions for that waste?
• Do we have any modern solutions for that waste?
• </c><00:21:08.000><c> there's</c> recycle nuclear waste there's recycle nuclear waste there's Innovations
• SAF is a biofuel created with agricultural products, forestry waste, and other renewable sources.
• SAF is a biofuel created with agricultural products, forestry waste, and other renewable sources.

Transcript Highlights:

• It needs to go to city and county managers, key staff, like your solid waste director, your utilities
• director, ...managers, key staff, like your solid waste director, your utilities director, your fire

Summary: The Economic Development Budget Subcommittee received a lengthy presentation from Kevin Guthrie, Executive Director of the Florida Division of Emergency Management, on disaster costs, recovery operations, sheltering, and major capital projects. He reviewed the 2024 hurricane season impacts from Debby, Helene, and Milton, explaining how FEMA public assistance and state reimbursement work, how cost shares can shift from 75/25 to 90/10 after a federal threshold is reached, and how Florida uses prior storm data and inflation to estimate recovery costs. He also described the state’s faster reimbursement timelines, crediting legislative investments in technology and digital field documentation, and said the division is working to reduce disaster closeout timelines from decades to about seven years. Members asked about debris removal, FEMA de-obligations, local preparedness, and whether regional shelters or co-located emergency operations centers could be used more efficiently. Guthrie said debris assistance is complicated and should generally remain tied to local contracts and planning, though the state will help fiscally constrained communities when needed. He explained de-obligations as FEMA clawing back previously approved funds after later review, and said Florida’s FROC program is helping local governments reduce those risks through standardized documentation, procurement review, and training. He also urged more mandatory emergency-management training for local and state officials and cautioned against weakening the FEMA 50% rule for rebuilding damaged structures. Guthrie provided updates on the new central Florida warehouse in Auburndale and the new State Emergency Operations Center in Tallahassee. He said the warehouse will improve logistics, include cold and ultra-cold storage, and be run by a private vendor with virtual inventory tracking, while the new EOC is designed for Category 5 conditions and expanded partner capacity. He acknowledged budget pressures that reduced the size of the EOC project and said an additional IT request was needed because those costs were not originally included. The meeting ended with praise for FDEM’s work and no votes or formal actions beyond adjournment.

Transcript Highlights:

• Why are we wasting people's time if we can't get this through?
• Why are we wasting people's time if we can't get, I mean, what's keeping us from getting this through
• for somebody to pick a fight on that for five years, and it hasn't happened yet, so I think we're solid

Committee: House Professional Registration and Licensing

Summary: The committee came to order, established a quorum, and then moved into executive session to vote on two previously heard bills. House Bill 2591, relating to licensure requirements for speech-language pathologists, was moved do pass and approved unanimously, 20-0. House Bill 1844 was then also moved do pass and approved unanimously, 20-0. The chair noted an intent to use a generic committee substitute to consolidate related bills and reduce the number of measures reaching the floor. The committee then returned to public hearing on House Bill 1980, sponsored by Representative Cook. The bill would extend peer review and quality improvement confidentiality protections to EMS professionals, including EMTs and paramedics, so their quality assurance discussions would be treated like those of other health care professionals. Supporters, including a trauma surgeon, ambulance association representatives, medical society representatives, and fire district representatives, argued that EMS personnel need to be included in frank, protected discussions to improve patient safety and system performance, and that the bill would not shield factual records or misconduct. Several members asked about the scope of the bill, especially whether it would cover ambulance drivers in vehicle accidents or dispatchers; witnesses said the measure was aimed at EMTs and paramedics under Chapter 190 and that factual evidence and deposition testimony would remain discoverable. Opposition came from an attorney representing the Missouri Association of Trial Attorneys, who said peer review is valuable but warned that expanding its protections can be used to hide witnesses, documents, and other discoverable information. He argued the concern is not with EMS inclusion itself, but with abuses of peer review privilege that can limit access to evidence in litigation. The hearing on HB 1980 concluded without a vote, and the committee adjourned after testimony.

Transcript Highlights:

• ecological sensitivity, impact of air pollution, impact of freshwater consumption and withdrawal, impact of solid
• waste disposal and nutrients, which despite its innocuous sounding name, is a metric that forces companies
• and food producers use chemical fertilizers and pesticides for crop growth, in addition to producing waste

Summary: The Agriculture and Natural Resources Budget Subcommittee heard House Bill 651, described by sponsors as the Florida Farm Bill and a comprehensive FDACS agency package. The bill combined technical agency updates with several policy provisions, including changes to water additive rules, labeling requirements for meat, milk, poultry, and eggs, criminal penalties related to drones over agricultural land, mail theft, and retail fuel theft, updates to disaster recovery loan programs, an FFA scholarship, school infrastructure provisions, land purchase authority for converted agricultural land, and a Florida Farmer Financial Protection Act addressing ESG-related banking practices. A major portion of the discussion focused on the bill’s fluoride language, with supporters arguing for local choice and consumer consent and opponents warning about public health impacts and loss of local control. Members also questioned the C-4 registry language and whether it was duplicative or could affect organizations’ status. Public testimony was split. Opponents included Florida for All and the Florida Dental Association, with testimony arguing the bill protected agribusiness interests and that removing fluoride would harm dental health, especially for low-income families. Proponents included Heritage Action, Heartland Impact, and several individuals who argued the bill protected farmers from ESG-driven banking restrictions and supported informed consent and the removal of fluoride from public water. Several agricultural and advocacy groups also waved in support. During debate, some members praised portions of the bill such as housing for agricultural workers, drone penalties, and school-related provisions, but said they could not support the fluoride preemption or the C-4 language. Others supported the fluoride provision as a matter of individual and local choice. On final passage, the committee reported HB 651 favorably. The vote was 11-4, with Chair Esposito, Vice Chair Botana, Representatives Barnaby, Benaroch, Black, Mayfield, Mooney, Plasencia, Salzman, and Weinberger voting yes, and Representatives Alvarez, Bartleman, Henson, and Rainer voting no.