Video & Transcript Research : 'naming'
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MO
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Banking and Finance Committee May 5th, 2025
Banking and Finance
Transcript Highlights:
- Others may state their name, affiliation, and position at the mic when called upon.
- I know mine, since I've been working on this bill, is first name, middle initial, last name.
- My driver's license is first name, full middle name, full last name.
- Please state your name, affiliation, and position. and position.
- Honorable members, my name is Louis Kaditz-Peck.
MA
Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session
Joint Committee on Labor and Workforce Development Jun 21st, 2026 at 10:30 am
Joint Committee on Labor and Workforce Development
Transcript Highlights:
- My name is Marlena.
- My name is Megan Brady.
- My name is Bonnie.
- My name is Edan Lavari.
- My name is Edan Lavari.
Summary:
The hearing focused on employment rights legislation, especially the Protect Labor Act (H. 2086/S. 1327), which would create state-level labor protections if federal private-sector labor law is weakened or struck down, and would also add protections such as bans on captive audience meetings, virtual elections, stronger misclassification rules, and protections for health care workers and immigrant workers. Supporters from the AFL-CIO, nurses, SEIU, UAW, building trades, teachers, graduate workers, and policy groups argued that the bill is needed because of Trump administration actions, Project 2025, and threats to the NLRA and NLRB. They described the bill as a “trigger” law meant to preserve organizing and bargaining rights in Massachusetts if federal protections disappear or if the NLRB declines jurisdiction over certain workers.
The committee also heard testimony on bills to restore a limited right to strike for certain public employees (H. 2078/S. 1311 or related filings). Supporters, including a representative, educators, and labor advocates, said the current ban on public employee strikes weakens good-faith bargaining and leaves workers without leverage to secure wages, staffing, and student supports. They argued that strikes are used as a last resort and that legalizing them under defined conditions would improve negotiations and better reflect the realities of recent teacher strikes in Massachusetts. The Massachusetts Municipal Association opposed the strike bills, warning that public employee strikes are already prohibited by state law, that strikes disrupt students and communities, and that local governments face budget constraints under Proposition 2 1/2.
The committee also took testimony on paid family and medical leave bills (S. 1351/H. 2110 and S. 1352), which would improve notice to workers, expand public reporting on claim denials and demographics, and fix a technical definition issue that has limited access for some covered contract workers. Witnesses from legal aid, policy organizations, and a small business owner said the changes would improve transparency, equity, and access to benefits without imposing major burdens on employers. Additional testimony supported a railroad sick leave bill and a private construction transparency bill, with Senator Keenan urging favorable action on both. No votes were taken during the hearing; members asked questions, and several witnesses and legislators requested favorable reports on the bills.
MA
Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session
Joint Committee on Revenue Jun 21st, 2026 at 10:00 am
Joint Committee on Revenue
Transcript Highlights:
- My name is Asan Faruqi.
- My name is Mary McCann.
- My name is Mary McCann.
- My name is Rick Rabin.
- My name is Kevin Weeks.
Summary:
The hearing opened with remarks from the co-chairs explaining committee procedures, testimony limits, submission instructions, and the new deadlines for acting on House and Senate bills. The committee then heard testimony on several bills related to agriculture, land use, environment, housing, transportation, and taxation, with legislators often taken out of turn. No votes were taken during the hearing.
The first major topic was H. 3206, a bill to allow fossil fuel-free 529 college savings plans to qualify for the state tax deduction if MEFA does not offer a comparable option. Representative Steve Owens said the bill would not force MEFA or Fidelity to change existing plans, but would create a definition for fossil fuel-free funds and extend the deduction to qualifying out-of-state plans. The committee also heard strong local testimony on a Belmont home-rule petition, H. 3970, to change tax treatment for the Belmont Country Club under Chapter 61B. Belmont residents and officials argued the private golf course receives an unfair tax break that shifts costs to other taxpayers, while Senator Brownsberger and Representative Rogers supported the measure as a way to help the town recover revenue. Committee members asked about town meeting support, the club’s lack of payment in lieu of taxes, and the size of the tax savings.
The committee next heard testimony on a vehicle miles traveled tax proposal, S. 1925, from Senator Barrett and economists Gilbert Metcalf and Christopher Knittel. They argued that declining gas-tax revenue and rising fuel efficiency, especially with electric vehicles, require a more stable transportation funding source; they also said a VMT tax could be designed to be revenue-neutral and mildly progressive, though members raised concerns about administration, fairness, EV disincentives, and the possibility of annual tax shocks. The largest block of testimony focused on the Ahead Act, H. 3194/S. 1973, which would double the deed excise fee and dedicate the new revenue to affordable housing and climate adaptation. Supporters from MACDC, MAPC, FICC, Boston Climate Action Network, CLF, 350 Mass, CHAPA, and a tenant advocate said the bill could generate about $300 million annually for housing production, vouchers, weatherization, resilience, and environmental justice communities, and that it links two urgent crises with a stable funding stream.
The committee also heard testimony on the Conservation Land Tax Credit bills, H. 3147/S. 2083, which would raise the annual cap on the credit from $2 million to $5 million for three years and then sunset back down. Conservation groups and a landowner said the program has conserved thousands of acres and that the higher cap would reduce delays and help meet state conservation goals. Finally, the committee took testimony on the Fairness for Farm Workers bills, S. 2011/H. 3107 and S. 2012, which would extend overtime, minimum wage, breaks, and paid time off protections to farm workers and include a refundable tax credit to help farmers offset overtime costs. Senator Gomez and advocates described the bills as overdue civil rights and public health measures, citing low wages, long hours, dangerous conditions, and the racial history behind farm labor exclusions. The hearing also included testimony on H. 3240, a bill to give municipalities a local option vacancy tax on chronically vacant shopping malls, with the sponsor arguing it would help towns address blight, encourage redevelopment, and potentially create housing and tax revenue.
MN
Transcript Highlights:
- Please state your name for the record and proceed with your testimony. >> Hi, my name is Kit Chambers
- My name is Kelly Wolf of the committee.
- My name is Barbara Cox. the committee. My name is Barbara Cox.
- State your name for the record and proceed.
- name for the record and proceed. name for the record and proceed.
NM
Transcript Highlights:
- Virgil, maybe you can say your last name for me.
- Madam Chair, committee, my name is Virgil Brumble, Madam Chair Committee, my name is Virgil Brumbole.
- My name is Ilda Gomez. I am a member of the Centro.
- My name is Deshanda Chaparro, and I am the legal director at Contigo Immigrant Justice, formerly named
- I hope from here on out they can use my first name.
Bills:
SB100
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- My name is Russell Withers.
- My name is Ben Martin.
- My name is Scott Ackerson.
- My name is Vesper Veda.
- My name is Lisa.
Keywords:
flooding, disaster response, emergency preparedness, state guidance, public safety, election officials, confidentiality, personal information, government transparency, spirit beverages, alcoholic beverages, Texas Alcoholic Beverage Code, distribution, taxation, firearms, local regulation, archery equipment, weapons, voter registration, statewide list
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- My name is Jaime Puente.
- My name is Ms.
- My name is Tim Barton.
- My name is Jake Wilson.
- My name is Mark Lugo.
Keywords:
human trafficking, trafficking victim, compelling prostitution, affirmative defense, criminal defense, coercion, force fraud or coercion, sexual exploitation, victim protection, Penal Code, Texas criminal law, prosecution, party liability, affirmative defense statute, survivor rights, 1185, senate, all
MN
Minnesota 2025 1st Special Session
House Fraud Prevention and State Agency Oversight Policy Committee 10/14/25
Fraud Prevention and State Agency Oversight Policy
Transcript Highlights:
- >
Foundation <00:02:36.840>and foundation is named Anika Foundation and foundation is named - Carver County was mentioned by name Carver County was mentioned by name in<00:03:34.760>
the< - when someone has a hyphenated last name when someone has a hyphenated last name and<00:23:15.200
- might not name it this way. might not name it this way.
- It's it's just part of the name.
MN
Transcript Highlights:
- My name is Thank you, Senator Rasmussen. My name is Jeremy<00:08:12.000>
Wind. - My name is Tyler Langenfeld.
- young man named David, 33 years old. young man named David, 33 years old.
- [clears throat] My name is Matthew Gustafson. Um... My name is Matthew Gustafson.
- I heard my name over there.
TX
Texas 89th Regular
Congressional Redistricting, Select Jul 24th, 2025
Congressional Redistricting, Select
MN
Transcript Highlights:
- I'm a committee, my name is Jonah Keese.
- I might have mispronounced your name.
- <00:19:30.880>
is Chair Egan and my members, my name is Chair Egan and my members, my name - Sillery<00:25:43.800>
and <00:25:44.040>I'm my name is Margie Sillery and I'm my name - I am the program name is Larissa Beck.
TX
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Transportation Committee Jun 22nd, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- My name is Ryan Kelly. Hello Madam Chair, members of the committee.
- My name is Fernando Martinez from L.A., and I support SB 1246. Thank you.
- My name Fernando Martinez from LA and I support SB 1446. Thank you.
- My name is Robert Pearson. I'm the California political director for U.S.
- For the rest, it will have to be name, position, and affiliation. Thank you.
Summary:
The Assembly Transportation Committee met first as a subcommittee due to the lack of a quorum, then later obtained a quorum and took up several bills. The committee heard SB 1064, which would reduce the frequency of Clean Truck Check testing for low-use heavy-duty vehicles; supporters said it would ease burdens on rural agricultural businesses, while clean air advocates opposed it as weakening an important emissions program. The bill was approved and sent to the Assembly Appropriations Committee. The committee also heard SB 1174, which would give Caltrans bid preferences to construction firms with employee stock ownership plans; supporters argued it would build worker wealth and improve project quality, while contractor groups opposed it as likely to raise costs and reduce competition. That bill was approved and sent to the Assembly Judiciary Committee. The consent calendar items SB 607, SB 962, and SB 990 were also approved.
The committee then heard SB 1279, which would allow Long Beach to place additional speed safety cameras on Pacific Coast Highway. Long Beach officials and several safety and advocacy groups supported the bill, citing high fatality rates and repeated pedestrian crashes on that corridor, while some members raised concerns about fines, affordability, and whether cameras would address pedestrian-related collisions. The bill passed as amended to the Assembly Privacy and Consumer Protection Committee. SB 1213, the Clean Truck Transportation Act, would require more price transparency for medium- and heavy-duty zero-emission truck incentives and direct agencies to explore alternative financing tools; supporters said it would improve affordability and competition, while one manufacturer and the trucking association raised implementation concerns. It passed to the Assembly Natural Resources Committee.
The committee also heard SB 1013, which would tighten rules for automated license plate reader use by limiting retention to 30 days, requiring audits and training, and restricting access and hot list use. Privacy advocates supported the bill as overdue accountability, while law enforcement groups argued the retention limit would hinder investigations and that some technical definitions needed work. The bill passed to the Assembly Privacy and Consumer Protection Committee. SB 1315, dealing with advanced driver assistance systems, would prevent automakers from disabling a consumer’s ability to drive their own vehicle through software updates and would encourage DMV testing questions about ADAS responsibilities; after amendments, industry opposition softened and the bill passed to the Assembly Judiciary Committee. Finally, SB 1246, on autonomous vehicle emergency response, would require U.S.-based remote drivers, quicker on-scene response, and better coordination with local agencies; first responders and labor groups supported it, while AV industry groups remained opposed unless amended. The bill passed to the Assembly Communications and Conveyance Committee. The transcript ended as the committee began hearing SB 1250, a planning bill to incorporate wildlife connectivity into transportation asset management, with the sponsor and supporters explaining it would improve safety and habitat planning without mandating specific projects.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- My name is James Quintero.
- State your name here with position on the bill. Yes. My name is John Zegerski.
- My name is John Zegerski.
- My name is Ryan Haverlo.
- My name is Roland Barreira.
Bills:
SB9
Keywords:
property tax, ad valorem tax, voter-approval tax rate, no-new-revenue tax rate, tax rate calculation, Tax Code, local government finance, municipality, county, special taxing unit, sales and use tax, property tax cap, tax rollback, tax levy, maintenance and operations, debt rate, disaster relief rate, Texas Legislature, local taxing unit
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Local Government met to hear Senate Bill 9, which would lower the voter-approval tax rate for certain local taxing units from 3.5% to 2.5%. Sen. Bettencourt, the bill author, argued the change would continue the state’s property tax reforms begun in 2019, slow local levy growth, and give voters more say over larger tax increases. He and supporters cited data showing property tax levies have grown faster than population plus inflation, and said the bill would help protect taxpayers while preserving the state’s broader investments in school tax relief, water, rural law enforcement, and ambulance funding.
Supporters included the Texas Taxpayers and Research Association, the Texas Association of Business, the Texas Public Policy Foundation, and the Texas Association of Manufacturers. They said the bill would improve transparency, encourage more disciplined budgeting, and create certainty for homeowners and businesses. They argued that lower tax-rate growth would help attract and retain employers and investment, and that voters would still be able to approve higher rates when needed.
Local officials and other opponents said the bill would constrain cities and counties facing rapid growth, inflation, infrastructure needs, and public safety costs. Testimony from county judges, city finance officials, firefighters, and urban county representatives emphasized pressures from jail operations, roads, water, EMS, police and fire staffing, and unfunded mandates. Several witnesses asked for carve-outs or exemptions for public safety and disaster-related costs, warning that a one-size-fits-all cap could force service cuts or shift costs elsewhere. The committee heard extensive questioning but no final vote or disposition on the bill was taken in the portion provided.
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Judiciary Committee Jun 17th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- My name is Rocco Palin.
- My name is Rocco Palin.
- Front and center was my former legal name.
- And I'm really bad at names, so I don't remember anybody's name, so I apologize about that.
- Yeah, my name is Marty Robi. They/them pronouns.
Summary:
The committee heard several bills focused on civil rights, family law, privacy, housing, and artificial intelligence. SB 477 would clarify FEHA procedures for the Civil Rights Department, including tolling deadlines by agreement and updating complaint definitions; it drew some concern about venue and convenience but was moved forward. SB 450 would confirm California jurisdiction over adoption proceedings for children born in the state even if families have moved away, and would require all legal parents to be listed on adoption orders; it received strong support, especially from LGBTQ family advocates, and passed to Appropriations. SB 683 would clarify that people whose name, image, or likeness is misused may seek TROs or injunctions under existing publicity-rights law; opposition from media and First Amendment groups focused on the 48-hour compliance default and speech concerns, but the bill advanced as amended to Privacy and Consumer Protection.
The committee also considered SB 11, the AI Abuse Protection Act, which would regulate voice, image, and video cloning technology, require warnings, and direct the Judicial Council to develop evidence standards for AI; it passed to Public Safety. SCR 66, a resolution designating May 1 as Law Day and emphasizing the rule of law, was adopted unanimously after supportive comments from members. SB 808 would create expedited judicial review for housing permit denials that violate state law; supporters said it would reduce costly delay and help housing production, while the Judicial Council opposed it as imposing unreasonable timelines and staffing burdens. The bill passed to Appropriations despite concerns about court resources and broader housing-law issues.
The committee then took up two privacy bills from Senator Wiener. SB 59 would automatically keep confidential court records for adult and retroactive gender/name change petitions, expanding protections previously enacted for minors; supporters described real-world doxxing and harassment, while opponents raised First Amendment and public-records objections, and the bill passed to Appropriations. SB 497 would require warrants for out-of-state law enforcement access to California prescription monitoring data, expand transgender shield protections for gender-affirming care records, and bar certain disclosures without legal process; the author framed it as a response to out-of-state anti-trans enforcement, and the bill was presented with support from trans advocacy groups.
FL
Transcript Highlights:
- My name is Aria Gaffrey.
- My name is Cheyenne Pope.
- My name is Cheyenne Pope.
- My name is Karen Doyle.
- My name is Tim McEver.
Summary:
The committee first took up CS for Senate Bill 304, which would address child protective investigations involving children with certain pre-existing genetic or medical conditions. Senator Sharif said the bill is intended to prevent children from being wrongly removed from their families when symptoms of conditions such as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, osteogenesis imperfecta, rickets, or vitamin deficiencies are mistaken for abuse. Several parents and advocates testified in support, describing long dependency cases and removals they said were caused by misdiagnosis. The committee adopted a substitute amendment that removed language requiring certain medical personnel to provide differential-diagnosis analysis, and the bill then passed favorably with unanimous support.
The committee then heard SB 1430 on post-judgment execution proceedings relating to terrorism, sponsored by Senator Collins, who described the long effort by U.S. victims of the FARC to enforce a federal judgment and recover assets. The bill would clarify procedures for terrorism-related judgments, modernize intangible asset law, and help prevent terrorists from hiding assets or blocking wire transfers. After one supportive appearance form and no debate, the bill passed favorably. The committee also approved SB 96, a local claims bill for Jacob Rogers, and SB 382, an affordable housing rent bill that was amended to define base rent and apply to certain shorter-term rental agreements entered after July 1, 2026; SB 382 drew support from housing advocates and some opposition, but passed unanimously.
Several claims bills were also approved: SB 4 for Patricia Armini, SB 6 for Jose Correa, SB 28 for Darlene Engerville and J.R., SB 30 for the estate of M.N., and SB 24 for Mandy Penny Lemon, each involving injuries or damages caused by local government or hospital district negligence and each reported favorably after brief testimony and roll calls. The committee also passed SB 658 on waiver or release of liens after discussion about form language and enforceability. SB 72, which would allow campaign funds to pay certain child care expenses incurred while a candidate is actively campaigning, prompted questions about definitions and safeguards; the sponsor said the bill would require the expense to exist only because of campaign activity, and the bill was reported favorably.
Finally, the committee approved SB 1142 on release of conservation easements, which would create a statewide process for releasing certain small, low-value parcels from conservation easements if mitigation credits are secured elsewhere. The bill drew support from the sponsor and a property representative, but environmental advocates and President Passidomo raised concerns about flood control, wildlife corridors, and whether the bill was too property-specific; the sponsor said he would continue working on the language. The committee also heard extensive testimony on SB 1622, which would repeal the 2018 customary use law and restore local authority over public beach access. Supporters argued the current law has privatized beaches, hurt tourism, and led to harassment and conflict, while opponents defended private property rights and warned against taking away owners’ ability to exclude others. The transcript ends during testimony on SB 1622, before a final vote is shown.
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Transportation Committee Jul 14th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- My name is Francine Mata.
- My name is Jonathan Cole.
- Hello, my name is Leslie Alvarado. Hello, my name is Leslie Alvarado.
- My name is Wayne Nastri.
- My name is Sam Appel.
Summary:
The committee first took up SB 712, which would expand California’s smog-check exemption for classic vehicles by adding model years 1976 through 1986 in phases, with a sunset in 2032. The author and supporters, including lowrider advocates and the Specialty Equipment Market Association, argued the bill would preserve car culture, support a small class of rarely driven collector vehicles, and reduce burdens on owners who struggle to find equipment for older smog tests. Opponents, including air district officials, the American Lung Association, and other environmental groups, warned the bill would weaken an important emissions-control program and increase pollution. After discussion, the committee adopted the motion to do pass as amended to Appropriations on a roll call vote of 10-0, with the roll held open for additional votes.
The committee then heard SB 800, which requires Caltrans, working with local governments, to assess mitigation measures for suicide prevention on locally owned overpasses crossing state highways. The bill was presented as a response to recent tragedies in Rancho Cucamonga and was supported by local officials, health organizations, and suicide-prevention advocates, who said the measure would help identify high-risk locations and lead to life-saving interventions. There was no registered opposition. The committee members expressed support, and SB 800 was passed to Appropriations on a unanimous roll call vote, with the roll held open.
Next, the committee considered SB 30, which would prohibit California public entities from selling, donating, or transferring decommissioned diesel locomotives and railroad equipment with Tier 1 or older engines unless the engine is removed, while allowing Tier 2 and newer transfers under certain conditions. The author and supporters framed the bill as a climate and public-health measure to prevent older, dirtier locomotives from continuing to pollute elsewhere, while transit agencies opposed it, arguing it could limit useful transfers of equipment that still supports passenger service and could be better handled through case-by-case air-quality review. After debate, the committee voted 6-4 to pass SB 30 as amended to Appropriations, with the roll held open for later additions. The committee also heard SB 791, which replaces the flat dealer document processing charge cap with a 1% fee capped at $350, along with new disclosure requirements. Dealers and industry groups supported the bill as a way to recover costs and improve transparency, while consumer advocates opposed it as an unjustified increase that would burden buyers. The committee approved SB 791 on a 8-? roll call vote and held the roll open. The meeting then moved on to SB 34, a port-air-quality bill presented by Senator Richardson, but the transcript ends during testimony and debate on that measure.
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Local Government Committee Jul 1st, 2026
Local Government
AZ
Transcript Highlights:
- What was your name? Okay. Christopher? Last name? DeVries. DeVries? Okay. Thank you. Welcome.
- What was your name? Okay. Christopher? Last name? DeVries. DeVries? Okay. Thank you. Welcome.
- What was your name? Okay. Christopher? Last name? DeVries. DeVries? Okay. Thank you. Welcome.
- What was your name? Okay. Christopher? Last name? Debris. Debris? Okay. Thank you. Welcome.
- This bill and my name.
Bills:
HB2128, HB2255, HB2397, HB2429, HB2591, HB2680, HB2834, HB2868, HB2911, HB2951, HB2979, HB2991, HB2996, HB2999, HB4001, HB4011, HB4017, HB4020, HB4026, HB4086, HB4088, HB2244, HB2342
Keywords:
homeowners associations, condominiums, open meetings, governance, transparency, Arizona Teachers Academy, teacher preparation, education funding, public schools, scholarships, teacher certification, community colleges, HOA, homeowners association, planned community, condominium, CC&Rs, covenants, conditions and restrictions, resale disclosure, association disclosure
Summary:
The committee heard and acted on several bills, mostly receiving due pass recommendations. HB 4020 would raise the maximum annual assessment on insurers that funds the Department of Insurance and Financial Institutions fraud unit from $1,050 to $1,350. The sponsor and an industry witness said the increase would support fraud investigations, and the bill passed 9-1 after a roll call vote; the transcript later included a correction stating HB 4020 passed 10-0 with one absent.
HB 2255 would extend Arizona Teachers Academy scholarship eligibility for community college students from two academic years/four semesters to four academic years/eight semesters. Maricopa Community Colleges supported the bill, saying it would let community college teacher candidates complete bachelor’s degrees with the same funding available to university students. It passed unanimously. HB 2591, as amended, revised the definition and administration of registered apprenticeships to align with U.S. Department of Labor standards and add requirements such as written agreements, structured training, wage progression, and safety supervision; it also passed unanimously.
HB 2680, as amended, narrowed and revised workers’ compensation fraud-related provisions, including insurance disclosure requirements and proof of coverage. Supporters from labor and construction groups said it would help combat premium fraud and protect honest contractors, while the sponsor said the amendment narrowed the bill to address concerns. It passed 10-1. HB 2979 modernized credit union law regarding bylaws, name changes, principal office changes, and certain powers; credit union representatives supported it as a regulatory update, and it passed 11-0. HB 2868 required manufactured-home/mobile-home installation license applicants and renewals to show insurance and fingerprint clearance, and to allow the Department of Housing to set experience, exam, and enforcement rules; it passed 8-1 with two present.
The committee also approved a strike-everything amendment to HB 2429 on short-term rentals, allowing local governments to regulate overnight occupancy, extending the violation window for suspending a license from 12 to 24 months, and allowing suspension after certain building code violations. The sponsor and city/county representatives described it as a compromise that restores some local control, while short-term rental advocates and neighborhood groups said it was a step forward but still too limited; the bill passed 8-2 with one present. HB 4011, without the proposed amendment, codified HOA duties to act reasonably and fairly in enforcing rules, and after testimony from attorneys, homeowners, and HOA advocates describing abusive enforcement and the need for clearer standards, it passed 11-0. HB 2397, as amended, required more complete HOA disclosure information to buyers and escrow agents, with supporters saying it would prevent surprise assessments and defects and critics warning some language was still broad; it passed 11-0. Finally, HB 4026 would change a public infrastructure reimbursement program for advanced manufacturing by replacing a $200 million total cap with a $75 million annual cap and adding website-posting requirements for agreements; Queen Creek and economic development witnesses said it was needed to support major manufacturing projects and related infrastructure, and the bill was being discussed when the transcript ended.