Video & Transcript : 'curriculum development' :

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TX

Texas 89th 2nd C.S.

89th Legislative Session Feb 11th, 2025

Texas House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • She earned her Bachelor of Science in Psychology and Child Learning and Development from the University
  • industry, continuing education to the public, and training programs for community and state economic development
  • Chamber of Commerce, Dylan Rodriguez, past chair of the Chamber Board, Pam Anderson, Education Development
  • City manager Wayne Berger, the Quil Development Corporation executive Director Maggie Cromes and her
  • Quil Development Corporation coordinator Samantha Bafus.
TX

Texas 89th Regular

89th Legislative Session Feb 11th, 2025

Texas House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Annette's family immigrated to the United States when she was two years old. and Child Learning and Development
  • Continuing education to the public and training programs for community and state economic development
  • Pam Anderson, Education Development Division Chair.
  • Mary Jane, Councilman Terry Glover, Councilman Mitch Adams, City Manager Wayne Berger, the Quarrel Development
  • Quarrel Development Corporation Coordinator. Samantha Bafus.
Keywords: 1184, house, all
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Workforce, Labor, and Economic Development Finance and Policy Committee 2/24/26

Workforce, Labor, and Economic Development Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • And welcome to the Workforce, Labor, Economic Development, and Finance Committee.
  • I am joined by, Economic Development.
  • </c> developed under the UN standards. developed under the UN standards.
  • That led directly to the development of the employer portal.
  • </c> annual basis as part of our development annual basis as part of our development of<01:30:38.080>
Keywords: 1183, house
HI
Transcript Highlights:
  • Department of Business, Economic Development, and Tourism with comments.
  • </c> specifically purpose-built and developed specifically purpose-built and developed for<00:41:44.800
  • </c> Hawaii Technology Development Corporation with comments.
  • David Molinero with Hawaii Technology Development Corporation.
  • Members, this already development.
Keywords: 910, house, all
Summary: The committee heard testimony on HB 1588, which would establish a Department of Transportation noise detection program using cameras to enforce noise control laws. DOT supported the measure and said it is already piloting the technology at eight locations, with about 10 sites costing roughly $2 million to $2.5 million to install and operate. The Department of Health said it was willing to work with DOT but noted its current regulations are not designed for vehicular noise sources and that the bill may need clearer standards to be enforceable. Members raised concerns about the lack of a specific decibel threshold and whether the system could accurately identify the source of noise; DOT said the pilot can pinpoint vehicles and that the program would align with existing health standards, but no final number was identified during the hearing. The committee then heard HB 1696, which lowers the minimum age for a commercial driver’s license from 19 to 18 and removes a restriction tied to vehicle category, while requiring DOT rule changes. DOT, the City and County of Honolulu, the Hawaii Transportation Association, Teamsters Local 996, and other stakeholders testified in support. The Hawaii Transportation Association suggested adding a training requirement for drivers ages 18 to 20, proposing at least 320 hours of employer training and recordkeeping. Members sought clarification that the bill would apply to intrastate, not interstate, licensing. For HB 233, the committee considered a measure authorizing DOT to designate airport special district zones statewide to prevent unauthorized access and improve security. DOT and the City and County of Honolulu supported the bill, explaining that defined boundaries would help law enforcement address trespassing, disruptions, fires, theft, harassment, and other incidents around airports and terminals; DOT said commercial airports are ready to implement the proposal, while some general aviation sites would need further work. Members asked about the scope of the boundaries, existing enforcement, and whether the measure would cover state-owned or non-state parcels near airports. The committee also heard HB 2332, which renames the Harbors Division as the Commercial Ports Division and distinguishes “harbor” from “port” in statute. DOT, the Maritime Group, and harbor users supported the bill, saying the change would reduce confusion between commercial cargo/cruise facilities and recreational small boat harbors, and could help with clarity and possibly federal grant competitiveness. Members asked about impacts on small boat harbors and cruise activity, and DOT explained that the bill is aimed at purpose-built commercial ports, not recreational facilities. The committee also took testimony on HB 2283, which clarifies DOT’s consultative role with the Department of Commerce and Consumer Affairs in setting port pilotage standards and requirements. DOT, DCCA, Matson, the Hawaii Pilots Association, and others supported the measure, saying it would improve coordination and ensure pilot licensing standards reflect operational realities in the harbors. Finally, after a recess, the committee heard HB 2217, which would allow driver’s permits, licenses, and ID cards to include a notation for a non-apparent disability. The Hawaii State Council on Developmental Disabilities opposed the bill as drafted, saying voluntary alternatives such as Smart 911 may be better and that the category is too broad. The Attorney General’s office supported the intent but recommended limiting the notation to medically recognized, specifically defined conditions so agencies can train personnel and avoid confusion or escalation.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Energy, Utilities, Environment and Climate - 04/09/25

Energy, Utilities, Environment, and Climate

Transcript Highlights:
  • Both of those have um estab development.
  • Uh if we economic development and such.
  • </c><00:38:43.119><c> In</c> developments. You know what I mean? In developments.
  • </c> other words, when we developed other words, when we developed automobiles,<00:38:45.200><c> guess
  • I'm not even sure economic development.
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Transportation - 04/02/25

Transportation

Transcript Highlights:
  • Projects might get development process.
  • When is it required and how is it developed?
  • And maybe just and how is it developed?
  • </c><01:06:18.640><c> of</c> of all to weigh in on the development of of all to weigh in on the development
  • The city and county development.
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
WA

Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Transportation Committee Jun 23rd, 2026

Joint Transportation Committee

Transcript Highlights:
  • In general, local, regional, and state governments construct sidewalks, as do private developers in the
  • case where they have frontage requirements for certain types of developments.
  • They helped guide the study approach, draw insights from our findings, and develop recommendations.
  • They may be part of a larger project, but there's limited data to develop an estimate specifically for
  • Our efforts today are centered on governance, development, organizational readiness, legal and policy
Summary: The committee began with member introductions, then heard a presentation on a draft final report studying alternative funding mechanisms for sidewalks and related pedestrian infrastructure. Consultants said current local funding sources are insufficient, with most jurisdictions unable to complete planned sidewalk networks within 50 years. They evaluated four options: a sidewalk utility fee, a modified transportation benefit district sales tax, a new real estate excise tax option, and expanded stormwater fee use for ADA sidewalk ramps. The consultants recommended authorizing the modified TBD sales tax and new REET option, considering a sidewalk utility despite legal uncertainty, broadening any authorization to all pedestrian improvements, and not pursuing the stormwater fee option. Members asked about legal authority, fairness, revenue adequacy, and whether jurisdictions had been consulted; the presenters said state enabling legislation would likely be needed for a sidewalk utility and that fairness could be defined either by direct benefit or by need. The committee then received an update on the 2025 assessment of city transportation funding needs. The consultants reported that city transportation revenues have grown in some local and federal categories since 2019, but state revenues have remained relatively flat and smaller cities are especially affected by declining fuel tax revenues and limited tax bases. They estimated annual city transportation needs at $4.25 billion, average annual spending at $1.89 billion, and a funding gap of $2.37 billion, larger than in the prior study because of updated data, inclusion of system improvements, and higher preservation costs. Draft recommendations focused on reducing costs and improving efficiency, preserving and increasing state support, and expanding local funding options, including preservation-first spending, a permanent federal fund exchange program, streamlined review processes, better coordination with WSDOT, possible property tax flexibility, and exploration of new local tools. Members raised questions about design standards, the role of density and transit, federal compliance, and whether the report would identify specific consolidation or process changes. The committee also heard a project update on evaluating zero-emission vehicle and electrification programs funded by the Climate Commitment Act. Consultants said they had reviewed roughly 23 programs and projects across seven agencies and were now evaluating options to improve delivery, including process improvements, reorganizing programs, or consolidating governance and administrative functions. Early findings highlighted staffing shortages, duplication and variation across agencies, differing levels of risk, and the challenge of coordinating climate priorities across agencies with other core missions. Members asked about program outcomes, administrative costs, whether some programs should have exit strategies, and how to strengthen the EV Coordinating Council. Finally, WSDOT provided an implementation update on its new public-private partnership authority under SB 5801, saying work is underway to prepare governance, legal, policy, and organizational structures ahead of the January 1, 2027 effective date.
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • To achieve this goal, we've developed a transition and implementation plan with milestones that have
  • As a result of that review, Cal OES developed a revised strategy for simplifying the architecture and
  • We have developed solid working relationships with the other vendors in this project to support that
  • Developing a modern and resilient network that will provide reliable— Today.
  • Developing a modern and resilient network that will provide reliability and redundancy is imperative.
Summary: The Emergency Management Committee held an oversight hearing on California’s Next Generation 911 rollout, focusing on Cal OES’s decision to move away from the original regional vendor model toward a statewide provider model. Cal OES said the regional architecture created complexity at the boundaries between regions, leading to misrouted calls, transfer problems, and degraded audio, and that a statewide model would better align with national standards and provide a more reliable, secure system. The Legislative Analyst’s Office urged the Legislature to pause further implementation until it has more information on the problems, tradeoffs, costs, and oversight needs, and recommended stronger reporting and possibly independent technical review before proceeding. Committee members pressed Cal OES on accountability, cost, testing, vendor selection, and whether the current system is safe. Cal OES said the project has cost about $456 million so far, most of it recurring service fees, and that 23 PSAPs had transitioned voice traffic while more than 440 total PSAPs remain in the state. Officials said the current system is operating, that a pause would not put the public at risk, and that the statewide conversion could be completed by summer 2030. Members and the LAO raised concerns about whether Cal OES has enough technical oversight and whether contract language alone is sufficient to prevent repeat problems. The vendor panel largely defended the regional model and argued that the existing system is already built, tested, and ready to expand. NGA 911, Synergem, Lumen, and Atos said the regional architecture provides redundancy and resilience, that early problems were often tied to legacy-system integration, carrier issues, or training rather than the regional design itself, and that a statewide redesign would add cost and delay. Atos said it serves as the statewide backbone and backup and has already carried live traffic, while vendors emphasized that they support continued modernization but believe California should build on the current regional investment rather than replace it.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Emergency Management Committee Mar 17th, 2026

Emergency Management

Transcript Highlights:
  • To achieve this goal, we've developed a transition and implementation plan with milestones that have
  • As a result of that review, Cal OES developed a revised strategy for simplifying the architecture and
  • We have developed solid working relationships with the other vendors in this project to support that
  • We have developed solid working relationships with the other vendors in this project to support that
  • Developing a modern and resilient network that will provide reliable. Today.
Keywords: 988, house, all
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Transportation Committee Mar 2nd, 2026

Transportation

Transcript Highlights:
  • And this P3 partner might help them develop this public-private partnership as well as potentially receive
  • The P3 partner might help them develop this public-private partnership as well as potentially receive
  • What that will look like in the initial phase, bringing on a co-development partner, is really seeing
  • Yeah, this is one where we've really looked at global best practices of how station-area development
  • partner through a co-development agreement, is to have some of those early learnings about what might
Keywords: 988, house, all
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • Other duties are developing minimum technical standards for the operation of the notification centers
  • Last time I talked to the Texas Water Development Board which honestly was over month ago.
  • Confident we have the right people at the table and an organized plan to prioritize changes and develop
  • Water Development Board. I don't have the statistics. Why do I have it printed out for later?
  • Texas 811 has worked with the Water Conservation Advisory Council of the Texas Water Development Board
Keywords: 1184, house, all
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • This has created a new level of consistency, oversight, and professional development for our campuses
  • They are also considering how the resources can further develop or upgrade facilities and equipment to
  • earlier and was calibrated with the strategic plan developed by the City of Chula Vista in its vision
  • So I believe my colleague may share some of the more recent developments in this work.
  • We lead and establish partnerships with California libraries through funding, program development, and
Summary: The Assembly Budget Subcommittee on Education Finance met to review CSU and State Library budget issues, enrollment trends, the Capital Fellows program, and a Title IX update. Chair David Alvarez opened by stressing that CSU faces serious financial pressure, including a systemwide deficit and proposed cuts that he and several members said were too large and likely to harm access, course offerings, and student services. Public comment focused heavily on the Braille Institute Library, with patrons, staff, veterans, and advocates urging restoration of funding and warning that the proposed cut would severely affect blind and visually impaired Californians across Southern California. Several CSU faculty, staff, and union representatives also opposed the proposed reductions and warned of larger class sizes, fewer sections, and layoffs. On the CSU core operations item, the Department of Finance explained the Governor’s proposal to reduce ongoing General Fund support by about $375 million and defer a 5% base increase, while the LAO said CSU core funding would be roughly flat once tuition and targeted augmentations were considered, but warned that rising costs and prior shortfalls would still force campuses to cut spending. CSU’s Chancellor’s Office said the proposed cut would deepen existing problems, citing prior-year budget gaps, job losses, reduced course sections, and student-service reductions. Members pressed Finance and the LAO on whether cuts could be made more surgically, especially at the Chancellor’s Office or in institutional support rather than in instruction, and the LAO said the Legislature has flexibility to target cuts more specifically. CSU also described ongoing consolidation efforts, including shared services among campuses and the planned Cal Maritime/Cal Poly San Luis Obispo integration, while cautioning that savings are not yet fully known. The committee then discussed CSU enrollment. The LAO recommended holding enrollment targets flat because the budget does not add new funding, while CSU reported strong recent growth, including more California residents, record first-year enrollment, and expanded direct admissions and transfer pathways. Members questioned why some campuses with high demand turn away many applicants while others continue to lose enrollment, and CSU said it is shifting resources from campuses with sustained declines to those with demand, using a 10% below-target threshold. The committee also discussed whether enrollment declines mirror local population trends, how to improve marketing and program alignment, and whether lessons from Cal Poly Humboldt’s conversion could inform other campuses such as Sonoma State. The Capital Fellows item drew a Finance proposal for a salary increase and an LAO counterproposal for a smaller raise plus future COLA language; the committee kept the item open. Finally, CSU reported progress on Title IX compliance, saying it has completed most State Auditor recommendations, expanded civil rights staffing, and increased training, prevention, and case-management efforts, though members asked how proposed budget cuts might affect those services.
HI

Hawaii 2025 Regular Session

HHS-HRE, HHS-EDT, HHS Public Hearings 03-19-2025

Health and Human Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • First up we have HB 714, the only measure, relating to healthcare workforce development.
  • HB 714 relating to healthcare workforce development.
  • Jack Lewen, State Health Planning and Development Agency, in support.
  • Jack Lewen, State Health Planning and Development Agency, in support.
  • </c> Chair committee on economic development Chair committee on economic development tourism.<01:04:20.079
Keywords: 912, senate, all
Summary: The joint Health, Human Services, and Higher Education hearing took up HB 441 HD2, a measure to increase cigarette taxes and dedicate the revenue to the University of Hawaii Cancer Center. The Department of Taxation said it had no substantive objection but requested an effective date of January 1, 2026 if tax rates change so it can order new stamps. The Department of Health, the Deputy Attorney General/tobacco enforcement, the University of Hawaii Cancer Center, the Hawaii Public Health Institute, the American Cancer Society, the Hawaii Medical Association, and several other health organizations and youth advocates supported the bill, arguing that higher cigarette prices reduce youth initiation, encourage cessation, and help fund cancer research and care. Several supporters asked for a larger increase, including at least $1 per pack, while opponents from retail, wholesale, and tobacco-related groups argued the tax would be regressive, burden low-income smokers, and drive sales to the illicit market. The Tax Foundation and other opponents also criticized reliance on sin taxes and said smoking rates are already at historic lows. After testimony and questions, members discussed how the revenue should be used and whether higher taxes change smoker behavior or push people toward vaping or other alternatives. The chairs announced they would pass HB 441 HD2 with amendments, replacing the contents with SB 528 SD1 except for changes reflecting the Department of Taxation’s request and a provision directing all proceeds from the tax increase to the Hawaii Cancer Center’s debt reduction, with an effective date of December 31, 2025. The House Health, Human Services, and Higher Education committees then voted to adopt the recommendation; the Health, Human Services committee vote was adopted with Chair and several members voting aye and one member voting no in the Higher Education committee vote. The hearing also briefly covered HB 1334 on meat donation, which drew support from the Department of Agriculture, Hawaii Farm Bureau, food industry, and community groups, though no action was taken in the excerpt. The committee then heard HB 1098 on crimes against protective services workers. The Honolulu Prosecutor’s Office and Honolulu Police Department supported the bill, saying assaults on protective services workers can have chilling effects and deserve stronger deterrence; a committee question raised whether the bill should instead be part of a broader, more proactive approach to assault statutes. The Department of Human Services also described safety steps such as panic buttons and phone apps for social workers. The excerpt ends before any final vote on HB 1098.
OK
Transcript Highlights:
  • Chairman, I think we can turn it over and get an update from the Education, Economic Development Working
  • On behalf of myself, the co-chair, Senator Pugh, and the Education and Economic Development Working Group
  • for motions, so I think we'll move on to an update from the Transportation Infrastructure Rural Development
  • for motions, so I think we'll move on to an update from the Transportation Infrastructure Rural Development
  • Transportation, infrastructure, and rural development working group could tell us a little more about
Summary: The Joint Committee on Pandemic Relief Funding met for what leaders described as likely its final meeting, with a quorum present from both chambers. Chairs reviewed the ARPA/SLFRF process, noting the large volume of requests received, the need to meet Treasury’s December 31, 2026 paperwork deadline, and the committee’s role in reallocating excess or at-risk funds to projects that can be completed in time. Working groups reported on progress across education/economic development, transportation/rural development, government transformation, and health and human services, with most projects on track but some funds needing to be reclassified or redirected. The committee approved a series of motions, generally by unanimous or near-unanimous votes, to reclassify excess funds and appropriate interest earnings to existing obligated projects. Actions included reallocations from the Department of Commerce and the Office of Emergency Management, and interest-fund appropriations for wastewater and water infrastructure, Boys & Girls Clubs, the YWCA, the Office of Juvenile Affairs, and the Department of Human Services. Members also authorized the Oklahoma Water Resources Board and the Healthcare Workforce Training Commission to reallocate remaining funds to existing projects. In the health and human services portion, the committee approved funding for the Oklahoma Healthcare Workforce Training Commission, the OSU Medical Authority’s Human Performance Project and Pharmaceutical Expansion Program, the University Hospitals Trust Authority’s Child Behavioral Health Project, the Oklahoma Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services for Griffin Memorial bed replacement, and the State Department of Health for the Rural Hospital Rebuild Program. Members asked questions about whether funds were going to new or existing projects and about broadband progress, and staff explained that the reallocations were intended to fill gaps in already obligated projects. The meeting ended with closing remarks thanking members and staff for their work and noting the measures would continue through the appropriations process before final action by the full chambers.
MO

Missouri 2026 Regular Session

Special Committee on Tourism Mar 25th, 2026

Special Committee on Tourism

Transcript Highlights:
  • It's also meant to encourage maybe some economic development.
  • It's also meant to encourage maybe some economic development as the community evolves as a trail community
  • It has great potential to be developed, and we're just trying to bring some attention to it.
  • river runs through it, and maybe if we could have this railroad run through it and we could use it to develop
  • And so my hope is that this is a revenue driver and economic development for our communities around there
Summary: The Special Committee on Tourism met with a quorum and first went into executive session, where House Concurrent Resolution 36, honoring Josephine Baker Day, was moved do pass. Vice Chair Allen spoke in support, urging bipartisanship and respectful conduct, and the resolution was approved 10-0. The committee then moved into public hearings. House Bill 3420, sponsored by Representative Sassman, would designate Bland as the “Silver City of the Rock Island Trail” to highlight the town’s namesake, Richard Parks Bland, and encourage tourism and economic development. Witnesses supported the bill, emphasizing Bland’s railroad history, its connection to silver coinage, and the potential for trail-related tourism. No opposition was offered. The committee then heard House Bill 3408, which would designate Bland and Bell as Rock Island Trail communities, and House Bill 3407, which would name Bell the “Cowbell Capital of Missouri.” Supporters described both measures as ways to promote the Rock Island Trail, bring visitors to small towns, and boost local businesses, schools, and recreation. Testimony also highlighted Bell’s large cowbell attraction and the communities’ local food and events. No witnesses testified in opposition to either bill, and the hearing concluded with adjournment.
ID

Idaho 2026 Regular Session

Agenda Mar 12th, 2026

Local Government and Taxation

Transcript Highlights:
  • wondered, would it be helpful as if we allowed an urban renewal agency on the front end as they developed
  • a plan,... ...an urban renewal agency on the front end as they developed a plan to meet with emergency
  • again, we're allowing our fire districts to get services that they had to provide for this new development
  • We have a massive new development that comes in place.
  • and on the part of a developer to bring in those services and say, let's be part of a program together
Keywords: 989, all
NM

New Mexico 2026 Regular Session

House - Education Feb 16th, 2026

House Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • the opportunity to work with a sponsor, as well as the Legislative Education Study Committee, to develop
  • served on our local school board as president of the Roswell Independent School Board, and I helped develop
  • and implement our district strategic... ...of the Roswell Independent School Board, and I helped develop
  • part of, and I'll point you to page four, line seven and eight, part of this would be actually developing
  • Other states have decided not to codify those and have developed them through other mechanisms.
Summary: The committee first heard Senate Joint Resolution 1, which would amend the New Mexico Constitution to remove language requiring school elections to be held at different times from partisan elections. The sponsor and the Secretary of State’s office said the change would let school bond and mill levy questions appear on general election ballots, reduce the number of costly special elections, increase turnout, and address an outdated discriminatory provision dating to 1910. Testimony from the New Mexico School Board Association and school superintendents supported the resolution for its potential cost savings and faster access to local and state capital outlay funding. A committee member asked for clarification that school board member elections would remain on the regular local election cycle and nonpartisan. There was no opposition, and the committee approved the resolution on a due pass motion. The committee then heard House Memorial 30, which asks the Legislative Education Study Committee to study public education governance and convene a broad working group to review roles, responsibilities, statutes, and long-term planning across the education system. The sponsor and LESC staff said the memorial is intended to improve coherence, support long-term goals, and consider governance structures that could better align education policy across administrations, including lessons from the Martinez-Yazzie response and models from other states. Supporters from charter schools, Kids Can, the school board association, superintendents, and Teach Plus backed the study as a way to improve coordination and student outcomes. Several committee members raised concerns about who would be included in the process, emphasizing the need for meaningful participation by families, plaintiffs in the Martinez-Yazzie case, tribal leaders, and students with disabilities, as well as clear notice and access for working families. Members also asked about guardrails, accountability, and whether a future statewide education commission could dilute local or tribal voices. LESC staff said the memorial would allow the committee to define the study’s structure, composition, metrics, and potential recommendations, including whether any commission should be created by statute or another mechanism. There was no opposition, and the committee passed House Memorial 30 on a do pass motion.
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Committee on Election Laws Feb 10th, 2026

Joint Committee on Election Laws

Transcript Highlights:
  • Tenants, landlords, homeowners, developers, you know, they don't always agree, and too often our elected
  • The petition was developed...
  • The petition was developed through extensive meetings of the council's Committee on Government Operations
  • Furthermore, it should be stated that Boston's home rule petition was developed prior to the committee's
  • Furthermore, it should be stated that Boston's home rule petition was developed prior to the committee's
Bills: H4916 , H4262
FL

Florida 2026 4th Special Session

February 4, 2026 - 01:30 PM

Transcript Highlights:
  • They'll need to explore multiple aspects of an industry, develop workplace skills and competencies, assess
  • Senator Chamberlain described the intent of this to be for job development, including... mentioning the
  • There's not a single affiliate in organized labor that does not have career development and workplace
  • report back to the university on a regular basis about what they were learning and how they were developing
  • at the plan that an employer has to validate that it's actually work study, it's actually career development
AZ
Transcript Highlights:
  • state is headed, from water stewardship and long-term sustainability to infrastructure, energy development
  • federally recognized governments, we rely on a stable legal framework and responsible economic development
  • Agriculture, gaming, and economic development have all helped us provide for our people.
  • Building a better future for our children requires an investment in economic development, which for the
  • As new technologies are developed and the gaming industry continues to evolve, it is vital that we work
Keywords: 1182, all
Summary: The Arizona House and Senate held the joint protocol session for the 31st Annual Indian Nations and Tribes Legislative Day, opening with a tribal blessing, presentation of the colors, the national anthem, and the Pledge of Allegiance. House Speaker Steve Montenegro and Senate President Warren Petersen welcomed tribal leaders, elders, and guests, emphasizing the importance of government-to-government collaboration, tribal sovereignty, and the role of Arizona’s 22 federally recognized tribes in issues such as water, energy, infrastructure, public safety, and economic development. The tribal address was delivered by Fort Mojave Chairman Timothy Williams, who focused heavily on Colorado River water rights, drought, climate change, and the need to include tribes in any future river management framework as current guidelines expire. He also discussed tribal economic development, education, public safety, border security, and the importance of protecting culture, language, land, and water. Thana Autumn Nation Chairman Verlin Jose similarly stressed unity, tribal sovereignty, border issues, water stewardship, and the economic impact of tribal gaming, arguing that tribes should be full partners in state and federal policy discussions and opposing a fixed border wall. Dr. Laura Tohi of the Navajo Nation gave a poetry reading and spoke about her background, the importance of language and oral tradition, and her role as Arizona State Poet Laureate. Her poems centered on food, water, weaving, and homeland. The session concluded with closing remarks from legislative leaders thanking participants for their perspectives and contributions, and the joint protocol session was dissolved. No votes or formal legislative actions were taken.