Video & Transcript Research : 'rate setting'

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AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

01/27/2026 - House Commerce

Commerce

Transcript Highlights:
  • So if a chamber sets this up or if a restaurant franchise sets this up or whatever, it doesn't really
  • So there are two sets of separate laws that apply to these folks, a set for mobile homes and then a set
  • Chairman, when we talk about this single-family rate versus a commercial rate, we're only talking about
  • So this idea that a single-family rate versus a commercial rate, the rate is the same no matter what
  • The single-family rate versus a commercial rate, the rate is the same no matter what you do.
Summary: The committee heard and acted on several bills. HB 2192, a child influencer bill, would require compensation for minors featured in monetized content to be placed in trust, allow takedown requests for content as minors become adults, and create remedies for sexualized depictions of minors. The sponsor and Google described it as a modern Coogan-trust style protection; some members raised concerns about the age-13 and age-18 provisions, but the bill received a do pass recommendation on a 9-0 vote with two present. HB 2501, an agency bill, conformed Arizona’s definition of appraisal management company to federal law and passed unanimously. HB 2693, which revises bona fide association rules to allow statewide chambers or business leagues to operate self-funded multiple employer welfare arrangements, drew support from the Chamber and small-business advocates but opposition from a coalition citing possible federal preemption; it passed as amended on an 8-1 vote. HB 2010, the digital goods disclosure bill, required clearer notice that online “purchases” may be licenses, prorated refunds if access changes, and removed some penalty language in amendment; supporters said it would reduce consumer confusion, while retailers argued federal law already covers the issue. It passed as amended 11-0. The committee also approved HB 2279, which limits liability for Grand Canyon river outfitters for inherent risks of rafting while preserving claims for gross negligence or intentional acts, despite constitutional objections from opponents; it passed 7-4. HB 2690, which tightens unemployment insurance eligibility by adding work-search and fraud cross-check requirements, was opposed by advocates who said it would add red tape and burden eligible claimants, but it passed 7-4. HB 2310, clarifying that qualified marketplace contractor agreements may be terminated unilaterally by the contractor, passed 10-0. HB 2555, requiring retail businesses to accept cash for purchases of $100 or less and banning cash fees, passed as amended 9-1 after debate over consumer access and business flexibility. Finally, HB 2199, which expands required education for RV park managers and shifts some enforcement duties to the Department of Housing, passed as amended 7-0 with three present. The committee then considered HB 2459, which would let mobile home park landlords recover actual utility charges and add an administrative fee for submetering; supporters said it would address overcharges and improve transparency, while opponents warned it could increase costs and confusion. The transcript cuts off before the final action on HB 2459.
FL

Florida 2025 Regular Session

October 14, 2025 - 03:30 PM

Transcript Highlights:
  • THESE RATES.
  • ONE OF THE THINGS THAT OIR HAS DONE IS SET THROUGH THE APPROVAL OF THESE RATES IS TO MAKE SURE IT HAS
  • Bakofsky: KIND OF WHAT I MENTIONED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THESE RATES WE SET A STRICT RESTRICTION ON DIVIDENDS
  • WELL WE SEE A DECREASE IN THE RATES? LONGER REASONABLE. WELL WE SEE A DECREASE IN THE RATES?
  • AT THE END OF THE DAY OIR IS THE REGULATOR OVER THE INSURERS AND WE SET THE RATE AND WORK WITH A NUMBER
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Pensions, Investments & Financial Services Apr 14th, 2025

Pensions, Investments & Financial Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • Banks should set their own fees.
  • This bill is not about how swipe fees are calculated, nor is it about how rates are set, and it does
  • Williston, you may not know this, but I was always under the impression that the tax rate was set at
  • Tax rates depending on the municipality.
  • We do not set anything.
NM

New Mexico 2025 Regular Session

IC - Revenue Stabilization and Tax Policy Aug 14th, 2025

Revenue Stabilization & Tax Policy Committee

Transcript Highlights:
  • So, the cigarette tax rate has been set for the past several years at $2 per pack, and we're right in
  • The rate was 12%.
  • a lower rate and higher income individuals at a higher rate.
  • They get to set their own rate, and the tax department, as mentioned here, currently operates that rate
  • Rate is preferred to a narrow tax base with a high rate.
NM

New Mexico 2025 Regular Session

IC - Legislative Finance Nov 17th, 2025

Transcript Highlights:
  • I understand we have the programs set up to do it, but maybe we need to look at our success rate.
  • It's not a care setting; it's congregate. It's not a care setting. Thank you, Mr.
  • rate is 4.3%.
  • About payment error rates.
  • They were setting up vaccine clinics, and they set up food distribution.
MA
Transcript Highlights:
  • set of considerations.
  • Not in a carceral setting.
  • It's ranked by city for the murder rate. The parole rate is something different.
  • Juveniles placed in adult carceral settings face greater rates of trauma, recidivism, and the collateral
  • They might have twice as many people in a medium or a maximum setting but have a lower rate because there
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The commission on correctional consolidation and collaboration heard testimony focused on how Massachusetts uses custody levels, staffing, programming, and medical release tools, with Prisoners’ Legal Services arguing that the system is overusing expensive high-security settings and underusing step-down options. Dave Rainey said the incarcerated population has dropped substantially over the last several years, but spending and staffing have not fallen in proportion. He argued that DOC overclassifies people into medium and maximum security, relies too heavily on behavioral assessment units that function like segregation, and keeps people in restrictive settings such as Souza-Baranowski and Shattuck Hospital longer than necessary. He also said medical parole is underused and that many people with serious chronic illness or advanced age pose little public-safety risk and should be released through existing legal pathways. Sheriffs and other commission members pushed back on some of those points, emphasizing that staffing needs are driven by the acuity of the current population, that corrections is not overstaffed, and that classification decisions involve serious public-safety judgments. They also stressed that some high-cost medical placements are necessary because people remain under sentence and require care, and that furloughs and other release tools can create security risks if contraband or substance use is involved. The discussion also covered the role of county sheriffs versus DOC in reentry, with several members saying county systems tend to do more day-to-day step-down and release planning, while DOC has more difficulty moving people through lower-security settings before release. Ben Foreman of MassINC offered a more systemwide, data-focused perspective, praising the state’s transparency and arguing that Massachusetts has made major progress in reducing incarceration and increasing public safety. He said the state still has an opportunity to improve by right-sizing facilities, investing in community-based mental health treatment, and using the commission to better understand the capital and operating costs of the current system. In response to questions, he said he was aware of DOC studies on programs like furlough but had not reviewed recent ones, and he noted that total-control facilities like Souza-Baranowski have long been criticized in the research literature for poor outcomes. Nora Wassel of the Women and Incarceration Project then testified that the commission should issue an interim report and scrutinize the planned new women’s prison, which she said is not justified by current population trends or available data. She argued that women are overclassified under DOC’s own tools, that reentry beds and minimum-security placements are underused, and that the system may be failing to account for women’s distinct medical and reentry needs. The meeting ended with continued discussion of reentry, furloughs, day reporting, and whether consolidation should mean fewer facilities, better step-down pathways, or both.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Human Services Finance and Policy Committee 3/10/26

Human Services Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:02:06.719> on they said had a 3% inflation rate on they said had a 3% inflation rate on
  • <00:02:26.319> in like to change their inflation rate in like to change their inflation rate
  • I'm not set on an exact number.
  • The amount the providers receive is set by this legislature and is set. So there is no fiscal...
  • > set.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • It requires that in their annual rate setting meetings, they establish the probable maximum loss, which
  • Because when they set that probable maximum loss, that's going to set in stone a determination later
  • whether or not they have to raise rates, right?
  • It moves the rate-setting deadline to September 15th, which is after the enactment of bills that... we
  • Rate inadequacy is leading to the saying that we need to raise rates even more.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Taxes - 02/25/26

Taxes

Transcript Highlights:
  • Tier of value that's set.
  • uh effects of lower classification rates uh effects of lower classification rates for<01:23:51.840
  • then the higher uh classification rates then the higher uh classification rates for<01:23:59.360
  • <01:25:17.120> decreasing higher classification rates decreasing higher classification rates
  • ,<01:41:35.600> we're regardless of the policy we set, we're regardless of the policy we set
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
ND

North Dakota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Appropriations Apr 3rd, 2025 at 08:30 am

Appropriations

Transcript Highlights:
  • Would that be at a lower rate than this rate?
  • between the In the payment rate between this population and the usual basic care rate, Mr.
  • So that was to increase the hourly rate.
  • So that was to increase the hourly rate.
  • So that was to increase the hourly rate.
Keywords: 908, all
Summary: The committee first heard Senate Bill 2271, which would formally place adult residential facilities in code and rebase their Medicaid reimbursement rates. Sponsor Chairman Ruby and HHS staff explained that these facilities, often serving people with dementia or acquired brain injury, are reimbursed at a much lower rate than skilled nursing care and help reduce bottlenecks in higher-level facilities. Members questioned how the program differs from basic care and nursing facility memory care, and the bill was referred to the HR section for deeper review before possible action on Monday. The committee then took up Senate Bill 2396, as amended, which would authorize an independent third-party performance audit of the Department of Commerce and the North Dakota Development Fund, with findings shared with the state auditor. Sponsors said the proposal was prompted by concerns raised in testimony and that a private audit could begin faster than a state audit. The committee adopted an amendment adding an emergency clause and directing the report to the Legislative Audit and Fiscal Review Committee, then passed the bill 20-0 with 3 absent. Next, Representative Clemine presented Senate Bills 2226, 2036, and 2037. SB 2226 would presume an incarcerated person indigent at initial appearance so counsel can be provided at that critical stage; the commission said the appropriation would fund contract attorney hours, and the bill was sent to HR for further review. SB 2036 would create procedures for determining juvenile fitness to proceed in delinquency cases, with a $500,000 appropriation for mental health evaluations, and SB 2037 would begin a juvenile criminal code framework and include a $300,000 appropriation for fitness-to-proceed evaluations; both were also referred to HR, with some concern raised about staffing and overlapping functions. After a short break, the committee heard education-related appropriations bills. SB 2234 would replace expired ESSER funding for Choice Ready grants, but members noted the program was not included in the K-12 budget and sent it to E&E for comparison with existing appropriations. SB 2286, a University of North Dakota request for a new nursing school facility, drew extensive discussion about the age and condition of the current building and the size and scope of the project; the committee ultimately adopted a do-not-pass motion 22-0. SB 2213, the “science of mathematics” bill modeled on the science of reading initiative, would fund math professional development and implementation; it was also referred to E&E for further review. The committee then briefly passed the Racing Commission budget, SB 2023, and began discussion of the Trust Lands budget, SB 2013, including a proposed retention increase for investment-related positions.
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • is the published rate on the website, and that rate was higher.
  • the rate of pay.
  • in future rate setting versus if they are looking to recoup those funds.
  • That would also be considered in future rate setting.
  • Is it the SSI/SSP COLAs or 100% of the poverty rate? ...of the poverty rate?
Summary: The joint Assembly Budget Subcommittee hearing focused first on long-term services and supports for older adults, especially the “forgotten/overlooked middle” who earn too much for Medi-Cal but cannot afford private long-term care. Administration witnesses from DHCS, the Department of Aging, and Social Services described Medicare’s limited long-term care coverage, Medi-Cal’s role, the elimination of the Medi-Cal asset test, and ongoing state studies and listening sessions on financing options. Testimony from advocates and researchers emphasized rising homelessness among older adults, the need for better navigation and coordination across health, aging, housing, and social service systems, and short-term policy steps such as share-of-cost reform, housing stability supports, and protecting home- and community-based services. Members highlighted the need for a coordinated, no-wrong-door approach and asked for the most impactful budget investments to address affordability and homelessness risk. The second major topic was the Community-Based Adult Services (CBAS) program. CDA reported that CBAS helps participants remain in the community, that 304 centers operate statewide serving about 42,000 people, and that demand is stable but access gaps remain in some regions. DHCS explained that a 2024 rate increase authorized by SB 159 became inoperative after Proposition 35, and that a separate 10% rate change on the fee schedule was the result of a DHCS system error; the department said it would not require recoupment, though managed care plans may act under their contracts. CBAS providers and advocates warned that reimbursement rates have not kept pace with costs, that several centers have closed, and that clawbacks could trigger more closures. They requested $74.8 million ongoing General Fund to close part of the rate gap and preserve the program, while members expressed concern about closures and the cost savings of keeping people out of more expensive institutional care. The hearing then moved to In-Home Supportive Services (IHSS) and statewide collective bargaining. CDSS reviewed provider recruitment and retention efforts, including electronic timesheets, direct deposit, and the now-completed IHSS Career Pathways program, which trained more than 59,000 providers. CDSS also summarized its AB 102 workgroup report on statewide versus regional bargaining, saying the final report would be sent to the Legislature soon and that statewide bargaining appeared more viable than regional bargaining, though it would require clear statutory scope and major fiscal changes. The department estimated that each $1 per hour statewide wage increase would cost at least $1.3 billion to $1.5 billion annually. Labor advocates argued that IHSS wages, benefits, and training are too inconsistent across counties and called for statewide bargaining, consumer participation, and ongoing state funding. County representatives supported stronger wages but cautioned that counties need protection from new costs and administrative burdens, and consumer advocates warned that moving bargaining to the state could weaken local consumer control and the program’s consumer-driven structure.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • National federal rates.
  • I think they're not the same, but we get the flat rate. Sorry, we get the flat rate for the...
  • The way our rate is structured is not the same as the IDD rate.
  • , and according to the rate table, it now needs a 21% increase to fully fund the rate.
  • rates.
Bills: SB1, SB 1
TX

Texas 89th Regular

State Affairs (Part II) Mar 31st, 2025

State Affairs

Transcript Highlights:
  • billing rates.
  • rate.
  • Sir, I'm sorry, I didn't hear that. ...freely set their rates based on a benchmark when they sign contracts
  • Set their rates and they're very adverse to setting it based upon a schedule, which is common practice
  • Set your rate based upon someone else's rate.
Summary: The Senate Committee on State Affairs convened to discuss several critical pieces of legislation including SB30 and SB38. Senator Betancourt introduced a committee substitute for SB38 which underwent a smooth adoption process, moving it favorably toward the Senate. The meeting featured a mix of invited testimonies where both proponents and opponents took the floor. One notable highlight included a testimony from Melissa Casey, who criticized the current legal state as prone to fraud and detrimental to both insurers and the public at large, contending that it inflated insurance costs across the board. The discussions delved deeply into the implications of the bills on judicial processes and potential insurance ramifications, with spirited debates surrounding issues of non-economic damages and jury rights. The atmosphere remained engaged as committee members heard varied perspectives on the bills, showcasing a robust democratic process. The meeting underscored the importance of public testimony in shaping legislation, ensuring that multiple voices were considered as the committee pressed on towards making decisions that affect the legal landscape of Texas.
ND

North Dakota 2026 1st Special Session

Water Topics Overview Committee Mar 26th, 2026 at 09:00 am

Water Topics Overview Committee

Transcript Highlights:
  • Are you setting aside for replacements? Are you setting them aside for maintenance?
  • Matt, for township funding over the years, we've had set minimum mill rates on the townships.
  • The board sets that number.
  • I'll continue to the rates.
  • units, and even their rate structures differ from flat rates to descending rates.
Keywords: 908, all
FL

Florida 2026 5th Special Session

Appropriations Jun 1st, 2026

Transcript Highlights:
  • Our bond rating is going to go down, which is going to cause our interest rates to go up.
  • The maximum millage rate, or the maximum millage rate calculation, determines what millage rate can be
  • The bill aligns the maximum millage rate with the rolled-back rate.
  • This sets a baseline for a rollback rate as being that baseline.
  • So you start with the baseline of a rollback rate as opposed to a majority rate.
Summary: The Committee on Appropriations took up SJR 2-F, a proposed constitutional amendment to reduce property taxes by lowering assessment caps on non-homestead property, expanding homestead exemptions over time, and allowing local governments to increase exemptions further. The sponsor argued the measure would provide broad property tax relief while requiring revenues to be directed to core services such as public safety, education, infrastructure, and natural resource projects, with a trust fund intended to help local governments transition. Senators raised concerns about the lack of a fiscal score, the effect on counties, cities, school districts, and special districts, and whether the proposal would shift costs to fees or other taxes. Several amendments were debated. Senator Polsky’s amendment to explicitly authorize user fees and non-ad valorem assessments to offset lost property tax revenue failed. Senator Avila’s amendment broadening permissible uses of ad valorem revenue to include county constitutional officers and other expenditures approved by local governing bodies was adopted after debate over whether the bill would otherwise underfund essential functions. Senator Smith’s sunset amendment, which would have made the constitutional changes expire after five years, failed. Senator Smith’s amendment to allow tourism development tax revenue to support public safety and education also failed. Senator Graal’s amendment removing the constitutional trust fund language was adopted, with supporters arguing the Constitution should not promise an unfunded account. Additional late-file amendments were considered. Senator Berman’s proposal to change the ballot title to more neutrally describe the measure as affecting property taxes and local community service reductions failed. Senator Trumbull’s amendment removing school board ad valorem taxes from the proposal was adopted, preserving school taxes. Senator Smith’s amendment narrowing the non-homestead assessment cap reduction to small businesses only failed. The committee then returned to the bill as amended and continued questioning the sponsor about eligibility, fiscal impacts, and whether the proposal could lead to local governments offsetting lost revenue through special assessments or other charges.
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • effects of what is not in the May Revision: no progress on recognizing the true cost of care in our rate-setting
  • However, the May Revision fails to codify the methodology or commit to setting provider rates based on
  • However, the May revision fails to codify the methodology or commit to setting provider rates based on
  • We urge the The methodology or commit to setting provider rates based on its outputs.
  • And there is no corresponding rate that FFAs can receive higher than that ISFC rate.
Summary: The hearing began with opening remarks on the Governor’s May Revision for child care and human services, with committee members and advocates stressing that the budget should not be balanced on the backs of low-income families, children, and providers. Legislative members and public witnesses strongly opposed the proposed suspension of the child care COLA, reductions to the Emergency Child Care Bridge Program, and the lack of codified rate reform tied to the alternative methodology. Several speakers also urged more support for providers affected by the Eaton fire and other disasters, and called for child care to be funded at the true cost of care and for additional slots to be restored. Administration, LAO, and Department of Education staff described the child care proposal as maintaining existing funding levels while adding administrative resources to prepare for federally required prospective payment changes and single-rate reform. The administration said the May Revision would suspend the 2025–26 COLA and reduce Bridge Program funding to align with utilization, while the LAO raised questions about the size and purpose of the proposed rate-reform and prospective-payment funding and recommended rejecting a Department of Technology exemption. CDE supported continued early education investments but said it would need additional resources if prospective pay were extended to state preschool, and it objected to a proposed reallocation of preschool funds for inclusive education grants. The committee then moved to the IHSS portion of the May Revision. DSS outlined five major proposals: capping provider work hours at 50 per week, eliminating IHSS for undocumented adults age 19 and older, shifting certain Community First Choice reassessment penalties to counties, reinstating the Medi-Cal asset test as a conforming IHSS reduction, and automating the termination of IHSS when Medi-Cal eligibility ends. DSS also discussed funding to implement a federal HCBS access rule and a separate reassessment of IHSS administrative methodology that found counties would need additional administrative funding. Finance said the proposals were intended to slow program growth and improve sustainability, while the LAO said it was still analyzing the package and raised concerns about implementation, county workload, and the potential loss of services. Committee members and public commenters criticized the IHSS cuts, especially the overtime cap and the elimination of services for undocumented adults and people affected by the asset test. Advocates argued that IHSS workers and recipients depend on these services, that county administration is already underfunded, and that the proposals could destabilize vulnerable consumers. The chair closed by saying the committee would continue to fight for child care and would not pause on child care, and the meeting recessed before moving on to the remaining May Revision items.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Human Services - 03/18/26

Human Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • have more of these types of settings. have more of these types of settings. let's<00:42:29.680><
  • want to rate that in there or something. want to rate that in there or something.
  • and rate study. and rate study.
  • Counties support a rate study.
  • 150% of the regular rate.
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • chat, answer rates remain dramatically lower, around 42%.
  • funding or the rate was set without any ability to really understand the comprehensive nature of the
  • , and rollover rates to the backup network.
  • We're still losing our people at an alarming rate.
  • And I'm committed. a 5% set aside to Indian country.
Summary: The joint Assembly Health and Select Committee on Native American Affairs held an oversight hearing on AB 988, California’s 988 crisis line and mobile crisis response system, followed by a discussion of suicide prevention and intervention in California Indian communities. Members and witnesses repeatedly emphasized that AB 988 was intended to create a true alternative to 911 for behavioral health crises, with “someone to call, someone to come, and somewhere to go,” and that Native communities continue to face disproportionately high suicide rates and barriers to culturally responsive care. The first panel of call center and stakeholder witnesses largely argued that implementation is falling short of the law’s intent. They said 988 call centers are underfunded, text/chat answer rates remain far below call answer rates, staffing is strained, and the system still lacks meaningful statewide interoperability between 988 and 911. Several witnesses said mobile crisis teams are not being dispatched through 988 as envisioned, and that funding formulas and governance are too opaque. San Joaquin County was presented as a local success story, with integrated 988, access lines, and mobile crisis handoffs that have reduced reliance on emergency departments and involuntary holds. Witnesses also discussed the need for better tribal outreach, the role of CCBHCs, and the importance of culturally competent services. State officials from CalHHS and DHCS described the five-year 988 implementation plan, the current governance structure across multiple agencies, and efforts to support training, public awareness, and referral tools. They reported growth in 988 contacts, ongoing training with the Trevor Project, a statewide resource directory, and a tribal awareness campaign. DHCS also outlined proposed trailer bill language that would create a formal designation process for 988 centers, set statewide standards, and require existing centers to obtain designation by 2029. Officials said current funding includes SAMHSA grants, block grant dollars, and an expected $67.3 million from the 988 fund in the next budget year, with a large share earmarked for Medi-Cal mobile crisis services. No formal vote or committee action was taken in the portion of the hearing provided.
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Appropriations Jun 1st, 2026

Appropriations

Transcript Highlights:
  • We're setting up...
  • The maximum millage rate calculation, or the maximum millage rate, determines what millage rate can be
  • The maximum millage rate calculation or the maximum millage rate determines what millage rate can be
  • The bill aligns the maximum millage rate with the rollback rate.
  • This sets a baseline for a rollback rate as being that baseline.
Summary: The Committee on Appropriations took up SJR 2-F, the proposed constitutional amendment on property tax relief, which would reduce assessment growth on non-homestead property, expand homestead exemptions, create a new exemption for new homesteaders, and direct counties, cities, and school districts to use property tax revenues for specified core services. Senator Avila presented the measure as the governor’s plan to provide historic relief and argued that local governments should tighten budgets and prioritize core functions. Senators raised concerns about the lack of fiscal scoring, the breadth and ambiguity of the permitted uses, the effect on special districts and local services, and whether the proposal would shift costs to fees or other taxes. The committee adopted several amendments, including Avila’s amendment clarifying that ad valorem revenues could be used for county and municipal operations and administration and other expenditures not prohibited by law, and Trumbull’s amendment removing school board ad valorem taxes from the proposal. Other amendments failed, including proposals to allow user fees and non-ad valorem assessments, add a sunset, redirect tourism development taxes, narrow the small-business provision, and change the ballot title to reference local service reductions. Grall’s amendment removing the constitutional trust fund requirement was adopted, while the committee also rejected Berman’s title-change amendment and Smith’s sunset and tourism-tax amendments. The committee then returned to the bill as amended for questions, including extended debate over whether the proposal would affect noncitizen residents, the impact on local government finances, and whether local governments would respond with higher fees or special assessments. The meeting ended with the bill still under discussion after the final round of questions, with Avila saying he would continue working with the governor’s office on the language before the next vote.
FL

Florida 2025 Regular Session

Regulated Industries Mar 12th, 2025

Transcript Highlights:
  • as close as possible to the risk free rate of return and the rate increases which are allowed have to
  • the rates.
  • And so consequently, what they bill asked for is before we asked rate payers to pay an increased rate
  • Fair and equitable rates for everybody.
  • My hope is that they're 12 million rate payers will be given an opportunity to share how the rate increase
Keywords: 999, senate, all