Transcript Highlights:

• Under THC, that cannabinoid plant is fat soluble.
• Natural cannabinoids are not poisonous.
• All cannabinoids are hemp-derived cannabinoids.
• If anything, ban unnatural compositions and synthesizations of cannabinoids, not the cannabinoids themselves
• Hemp-derived cannabinoids are different.

Bills: SB 5, SB 11, SB 12

Keywords: disaster relief, flood preparedness, emergency funding, local government support, meteorological forecasting, human trafficking, trafficking victim, compelling prostitution, affirmative defense, criminal defense, coercion, force fraud or coercion, sexual exploitation, victim protection, Penal Code, Texas criminal law, prosecution, party liability, affirmative defense statute, survivor rights

Summary: The Senate Committee on State Affairs took up Senate Bill 5, which Senator Perry described as a ban on intoxicating THC consumer products while preserving legal CBD, CBG, hemp seed, hemp seed protein powder, and hemp seed oil products. Perry argued that most retail THC products are already illegal under federal law, that the industry has used loopholes and misleading labeling to sell high-potency products, and that regulation would be ineffective because chemists can quickly alter formulations. He also said the bill would steer people with medical needs toward the Texas Compassionate Use Program (T-Cup), which he and other supporters described as the proper physician-guided alternative. Committee members and witnesses repeatedly discussed the distinction between legal hemp-derived products and intoxicating THC products, and Perry said the bill would not touch non-consumable hemp uses such as fiber and clothing. Invited testimony came from law enforcement and medical witnesses who supported the bill. Texas Police Chiefs Association representative Steve Dye, Kaufman County District Attorney Early Wiley, and Chambers County Sheriff Brian Hawthorne all said regulation would be too costly, too complex, and ultimately unenforceable, while a ban would be clearer and easier to enforce. They cited overloaded DPS labs, the need for expensive private testing, limited police and prosecutor resources, and the difficulty of keeping up with constantly changing cannabinoids and out-of-state products. Hawthorne and Wiley described raids and investigations involving warehouses, retail stores, cash seizures, and products they said were marketed to young people and often mislabeled or imported from other states. They also said the bill would help law enforcement by creating a clearer legal line and protecting legitimate CBD/CBG businesses. Dr. Lindy McGee, speaking for the Texas Medical Association and Texas Pediatric Society, testified that retail THC products pose serious risks to children and adolescents, including addiction, impaired brain development, psychosis, suicide attempts, self-harm, accidental toddler ingestions, and possible long-term cognitive effects. She said there is no effective medication treatment for THC addiction comparable to nicotine cessation tools, and she supported restrictions such as child-resistant packaging, no marketing to minors, and age limits, while opposing criminal penalties for possession by minors. Senators asked follow-up questions about brain development, memory, dementia risk, pregnancy, and cardiovascular effects. No vote was taken during the portion provided, and the committee continued with invited testimony and questions.

Transcript Highlights:

• And yet, line 103 and 104, it says all hemp-derived cannabinoid products are marijuana.
• But the hemp-derived cannabinoid product, that term comes from Congress.
• hemp-derived cannabinoid product is, in fact, marijuana.
• I don't carry any of these synthesized cannabinoids, and I'm not a scientist.
• So I don't carry any of these synthesized cannabinoids, and I'm not a scientist.

Keywords: 959, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• include non intoxicating cannabinoids include non intoxicating cannabinoids such<00:08:38.159>
• So in any case, we need these other non-intoxicating cannabinoids.
• to Source these nontoxin cannabinoids to Source these nontoxin cannabinoids and<00:24:49.240>
• levels of uh nontoxin cannabinoid levels of uh nontoxin cannabinoid thank<00:24:59.399> you
• We also offer tinctures that include THC in ratio with CBD and other cannabinoids.

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• or that otherwise prohibits the sale of intoxicating hemp-derived cannabinoid products.
• Because that's how I'm interpreting it and reading it, whether it's a cannabinoid or not.
• So even with that industrial piece and the cannabinoids, are For.
• So even with that industrial piece and the cannabinoids, are, is now all hemp products, whether it is
• And that's where you're getting all the cannabinoids and everything. Okay.

Keywords: 959, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• And I know synthetic cannabinoids don't always show up, but it's not synthetic.
• It doesn't have to be synthetic cannabinoids. And I just, one more, Mr.
• . ...bulk isolation of non-intoxicating hemp-derived cannabinoids.
• There's more than—there's more intoxicating cannabinoids than that. So it's too narrow, I think.
• There's more than—there's more intoxicating cannabinoids than that. So it's too narrow, I think.

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The Joint Committee on Cannabis Policy held a hearing on a broad set of cannabis and hemp bills, with the chairs opening by emphasizing unfinished work on equity, public health, safety, and market stability. The committee heard testimony on House Bill 146, which would create more efficient cannabis testing standards by increasing batch sizes, reducing or eliminating some environmental testing, standardizing lab reporting, and requiring annual scientific review and public data reporting. Industry witnesses, including a representative of the Massachusetts Cannabis Coalition, cultivators, and a testing lab owner, said current testing rules are overly burdensome, costly, and inconsistent, and argued the bill would lower compliance costs while preserving consumer safety. A testing lab witness also said some operators switch labs to obtain higher THC results or pass contaminated batches, and urged greater transparency and better sampling protocols. A major portion of the hearing focused on intoxicating hemp and related bills that would bring hemp-derived intoxicating products under a stronger regulatory framework. Legislators and industry witnesses described products sold in gas stations, smoke shops, and convenience stores as often untested, not age-gated, and sometimes mislabeled or far above the federal hemp THC threshold. Testimony from attorneys and cannabis business leaders said states can regulate these products more strictly under the Farm Bill’s non-preemption language, and pointed to New Jersey and other states as possible models. Some witnesses and committee members stressed that any new rules should avoid harming non-intoxicating CBD businesses or lawful hemp farmers, while others argued that the products are effectively cannabis and should be regulated like cannabis for licensing, testing, age limits, and taxation. The committee also heard extensive public-health testimony in support of bills S. 95, S. 96, S. 97 and their House counterparts H. 191, H. 192, and H. 193. Parents, advocates, and public health professionals urged stronger warning labels, THC potency caps, and improved data collection on cannabis-related harms, citing cannabis-induced psychosis, addiction, anxiety, and youth exposure to high-potency products. Several witnesses said Massachusetts has not done enough to track health outcomes or warn consumers, and referenced other jurisdictions such as Connecticut, Vermont, Colorado, Canada, and Quebec as examples of stronger limits or warnings. No votes or formal actions were taken during the hearing; the committee primarily received testimony and questions.

Transcript Highlights:

• I believe the Senate, uh, and Senator Perry's bill, I believe, may ban synthetic cannabinoids.
• Uh, growing hemp flour, one would be on the fiber side, and another was cannabinoids.
• I think a lot of focus initially on the fiber, and then you saw the cannabinoids.
• When I say cannabinoids, I mean consumable hemp products, right?
• When cannabinoids, cannabinoids are very useful and on a wellness site, so there's a tremendous benefit

Bills: HB294

Keywords: energy efficiency, tax exemption, residential properties, sustainability, real estate

Transcript Highlights:

• This was to prove that the cannabinoid CBN actually helps us fall asleep and get a... actually helps
• Also, we have everything that we've ever sold has been a naturally occurring cannabinoid.
• So, we never sold the THCO, which to my knowledge was the only fully man-made cannabinoid.
• We have, in the past, been focused on cannabinoid oils and further processing.
• So, we know the exact amount of the psychoactive and non-psychoactive cannabinoids in each product.

Keywords: 923, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• It establishes child-resistant packaging requirements for edible cannabinoid products, clarifies the
• It establishes child-resistant packaging requirements for edible cannabinoid products, clarifies the
• It establishes child-resistant packaging requirements for edible cannabinoid products, clarifies the
• It establishes child-resistant packaging requirements for edible cannabinoid products, clarifies the
• We are concerned about the proposed THC limits, particularly in the hemp cannabinoid products, and we

Keywords: 912, senate, all

Summary: The joint Housing and Health and Human Services hearing began with Senate Bill 878, which would extend the sunset date for the state rent supplement program for kupuna to June 30, 2028. Testimony was uniformly supportive, including from the Statewide Office on Homelessness and Housing Solutions, Hawaii Public Housing Authority, Executive Office on Aging, Catholic Charities Hawaii, and others. Catholic Charities described a waitlist of seniors at imminent risk of homelessness and said the program helps seniors retain housing or secure units with landlord support. Members asked whether the bill would expand the number of households served; staff said the contract allows up to 127 households and that additional pending households could be funded, but applicants must still go through the program process. Both committees voted to pass SB 878 unamended. The committees then heard Senate Bill 1610 on Ohana Zones. The Statewide Office on Homelessness and Housing Solutions supported the measure so long as it did not supplant existing funding, and described the funding as supporting homelessness services and wraparound supports. The Department of Human Services and Department of Land and Natural Resources offered comments, with DHS suggesting a definition of “kali” be added for clarity. The committee chair said the bill would receive technical amendments for clarity and consistency and accepted proposed amendments related to including “tales” in the program; the measure was advanced with amendments, with members voting in favor in both committees. In the joint Health and Human Services and Labor and Technology hearing, Senate Bill 1496 on civil rights and website accessibility drew support from disability advocates and organizations, including the Hawaii State Council on Developmental Disabilities, the National Federation of the Blind, the Deaf and Blind Task Force, and the Disability and Communication Access Board. Testimony emphasized the need for stronger state protections amid concerns about federal enforcement, while one testifier raised concerns about jurisdiction, minimum contacts, the use of WCAG 2.1 standards, and the bill’s immediate effective date. The committees decided to pass SB 1496 with technical amendments, including adding a defective date to allow further work before conference, and the recommendation was adopted in both committees. Later, the joint Health, Human Services, and Commerce and Consumer Protection hearing took up Senate Bill 404 on service animals. The Attorney General’s office raised a possible constitutional issue and the lack of an enforcement mechanism, while DHS deferred to other agencies. DCAB supported the bill but recommended amendments to identify an enforcement agency and require notices from professionals and sellers of service-animal or emotional-support-animal paraphernalia. Several advocacy and real estate-related groups testified in support. After discussion, the chair recommended deferring SB 404 for further work because of the Attorney General’s concerns, and the hearing adjourned without a vote on the measure. The final joint Transportation, Culture and the Arts, and Health and Human Services agenda heard SB 1526 on a drug and alcohol toxicology testing laboratory and SB 1492 on mobility management; both measures were advanced with amendments or as-is, with SB 1526 sent forward with technical amendments and SB 1492 moved ahead after members noted blank dollar amounts and requested the Department of Transportation provide figures.

Transcript Highlights:

• Now, regarding hemp and hemp-derived cannabinoids, Tai already went over the dangers of those.
• regulated as a cannabis cannabinoid program.
• regulated as a cannabis cannabinoid program.
• There's industrial hemp and then there's the cannabinoid side.
• There's industrial hemp and then there's the cannabinoid side.

Keywords: 910, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• that interact with the body's cannabinoid receptors.
• combination with other cannabinoids, including THC.
• THC is the best known cannabinoid, but it is intoxicating.
• that interact with the body's cannabinoid receptors.
• combination with other cannabinoids, including THC.

Keywords: 1191, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• There are no restrictions on the use of cheap synthetically derived cannabinoids, which are down here
• All of these cannabinoids, synthetically derived, semi-synthetically derived cannabinoids are banned
• reported these products often contain unlisted ingredients, including residual solvents and unlisted cannabinoids
• Is the price of things like delta 8 and delta 10 and synthetically derived cannabinoids because it is
• We weren't taught, we weren't taught about the endocannabinoid system and how cannabinoids can really

Transcript Highlights:

• We currently have regulatory infrastructure around hemp-derived cannabinoids, but we don't have regulation
• and other cannabinoid products.
• have clung to because the cannabinoids have clung to the<00:26:59.679> inner<00:27:00.000>
• He said cannabinoids include THC, which is the one that gets people high, and that THC is limited by
• They're sparkling water with the right amount of cannabinoid content and flavoring.

Keywords: 958, all

Summary: The committee met with a quorum and took up Senate Bill 202, adopting a committee substitute before hearing testimony. Senator Julie Rocky Adams explained that the substitute would require the Cabinet for Health and Family Services to promulgate regulations by January 1, 2026 for intoxicating hemp-derived beverages, direct the University of Kentucky to study manufacturing, testing, distribution, sales, and consumer effects of those beverages, and impose a moratorium on their sale until July 1, 2026. Supporters, including Rep. Matt Cook, said the measure was intended as a consumer-protection step rather than a ban, citing concerns about youth access, inconsistent labeling, and the need for a clearer regulatory framework. Members asked about the legal status of the products, whether the bill could unintentionally sweep in non-intoxicating hemp beverages, and whether there was evidence of harm. Senators were told the products are legal under the federal farm bill loophole, but that testing has shown THC levels on sampled cans did not match labels and that current regulations do not specifically address intoxicating hemp-derived beverages. Senator Higdon said CHFS had already been authorized to regulate hemp products and was moving forward with regulations and enforcement, while Senator Meredith questioned whether a moratorium would unfairly punish businesses that had already invested in the market and suggested setting a THC standard instead. Public testimony then shifted to industry opposition. Jim Higdon of Cornbread Hemp said his company had invested heavily in a beverage line and argued the moratorium would function like a ban and harm small businesses. Dee Taylor of 502 Hemp and the Kentucky Hemp Association also opposed the moratorium, saying existing rules already require age limits, behind-the-counter sales, and licensed retailers, and arguing that a cap on milligrams would be preferable to a shutdown. He said retailers were seeing approved and unapproved products in the market and urged work with the Cabinet and ABC rather than a moratorium.

Transcript Highlights:

• The bill prohibits the sale of an edible or beverage cannabinoid product to any person less than 21 years
• of age, establishes child-resistant packaging requirements for edible cannabinoid products, clarifies
• that the THC concentration limit for a non-edible legacy cannabinoid product or manufactured hemp product
• establish a dedicated hemp program to regulate hemp that is separate from the regulatory process for cannabinoid
• pursuant to section 328G-2 may sell, hold, offer, or distribute for sale an edible or beverage cannabinoid

Keywords: 912, senate, all

Summary: The committee met on February 12 in Room 224 and via videoconference to consider several measures. First, it heard Senate Bill 547 on water conservation, which would create an income tax credit for gray water recycling systems and atmospheric water generators, along with a rebate program and building code standards. The chair recommended passing the bill with amendments from DOA and the Department of Health and deferring the effective date to July 1, 2050; the recommendation was adopted unanimously by the members present. The committee then considered Senate Bill 1633, a Green Building tax credit measure tied to the use of Hawaii-grown hemp in primary structures, and also addressing hemp and cannabinoid product regulation, including age limits, packaging requirements, THC limits, and a separate hemp program within the Department of Health. The chair recommended passing the bill with DOA amendments and a further amendment allowing hemp processors to sell certain edible or beverage cannabinoid products with limited THC content, plus a deferred effective date of July 1, 2050. The motion passed with five votes in favor. Finally, the committee took up Senate Bill 391 on recycling, which would expand the Electronic Device Recycling and Recovery Act to cover certain lithium-ion batteries and require manufacturers to ensure their safe collection and recycling. The chair instead recommended amending the bill into a working group under the Hawaii State Energy Office to study battery end-of-life management, costs, safety, environmental impacts, in-state versus out-of-state recycling options, and related feasibility questions, with a report due before the 2026 regular session and dissolution on June 30, 2026. That amended approach was adopted unanimously, and the hearing concluded.

Transcript Highlights:

• There are no restrictions on the use of cheap synthetically derived cannabinoids, which are... down here
• All of these synthetically and semi-synthetically derived cannabinoids are banned in our medical system
• reported that these products contain unlisted ingredients, including residual solvents and unlisted cannabinoids
• Where we can't meet the price is for things like Delta-8 and Delta-10 and synthetically derived cannabinoids
• doctor can attest to this too, we weren’t taught about the endocannabinoid system. system, and how cannabinoids

Transcript Highlights:

• We banned all cannabinoid vape pens, including all...
• We banned all cannabinoid vape pens, including all cannabinoid vape pen cartridges, but let me give you
• He said an ER doctor diagnosed him with cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome, CHS.
• Semi-synthetic cannabinoids are made by chemically modifying natural cannabinoids, and it can also include
• It's true that cannabinoid-based medications can have therapeutic... That's right.

Keywords: 1185, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Cannabinoid-containing products.
• And because the bill moves the oversight of hemp products and hemp-derived cannabinoids to the Cannabis
• And because the bill moves the oversight of hemp products and hemp-derived cannabinoids to the Cannabis
• And because the bill moves the oversight of hemp products and hemp-derived cannabinoids to the Cannabis
• And because the bill moves the oversight of hemp products and hemp-derived cannabinoids to the Cannabis

Keywords: 926, house, all

Summary: The House took up Senate Bill 323, suspending the rules to consider it immediately. The bill was described as a broad agricultural measure with committee amendments and fiscal implications, and it was reported favorably by the Agriculture, Food Resiliency, and Forestry Committee, Ways and Means, and Appropriations. Members outlined sections dealing with milk market corrections, farm-to-school language, repeal of the obsolete pest control compact, pesticide applicator licensing changes, seed law updates, the Vermont Agricultural Credit Program, hemp regulation, and CAFO-related provisions. The Agriculture committee reported the bill out 7-0-1, and the effective date was described as July 1, 2026, except for the hemp provisions, which would take effect upon passage. Much of the discussion focused on the hemp sections. Supporters said the bill updates Vermont law to reflect federal changes and shifts hemp oversight from the Agency of Agriculture to the Cannabis Control Board. The hemp provisions would create registration and licensing requirements for hemp producers, processors, and certain hemp products; set fees; authorize testing, inspections, stop-sale orders, and administrative penalties; and allow rulemaking on product standards, labeling, insurance, additives, and age restrictions. Speakers said the changes were intended to help Vermont’s hemp industry maintain access to banking, insurance, and interstate commerce while improving consumer safety and regulatory clarity. Other agricultural provisions were also explained in detail. The bill would clarify milk producer hearing rights, update farm-to-school grant/contract language, remove outdated pest-control compact language, and adjust pesticide applicator exam and fee rules, including removing the limit on retakes and eliminating certain government applicator fees. It would also modernize seed labeling and definitions, transfer the Vermont Agricultural Credit Program into a new statutory structure under VEDA, and make conforming cross-reference changes in tax and cannabis fund statutes. The final sections would add a CAFO permit working group and require consultant training for state agencies on CAFO inspections, with those provisions contingent on future funding. Ways and Means noted the bill’s fee changes could affect state revenues, including an estimated hemp-related impact of roughly $10,000 to $90,000, though the exact effect was uncertain.

Bills: SB 10, SB 8, SB 15, SB 12, SB 6, SB 13, SB 9, SB 7, SB 17, SB 4, SB10, SB8, SB15, SB12, SB6, SB13, SB9, SB7, SB17, SB4

Keywords: sex designation, restroom access, civil penalties, private civil right of action, women's privacy, law enforcement, department file, employee records, misconduct, confidentiality, Texas occupations code, election laws, attorney general, prosecution, criminal offenses, criminal prosecution, jurisdiction, hemp, consumable hemp, hemp-derived cannabinoids

Transcript Highlights:

• Essentially, this new legal definition explicitly includes industrial hemp, not used for cannabinoid
• total 0.3% concentration, intermediate hemp-derived total THC concentration, final hemp-derived cannabinoid
• total 0.3% concentration, intermediate hemp-derived total THC concentration, final hemp-derived cannabinoidal
• So essentially, farmers or producers who use hemp for those legalized non-cannabinoid purposes like paper
• prohibited, and those are the states in red, to pink, meaning the state follows the FDA prohibition of cannabinoids

Keywords: Cannabis Retail Market, Joint Commission to Oversee the Transition of the Commonwealth into a, 976, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• AB 8 provides a clear, enforceable structure for regulating intoxicating cannabinoid products while also
• What AB 8 currently proposes, however, is to allow intoxicating cannabinoids to be sourced from an unlicensed
• However, is to allow intoxicating cannabinoids to be sourced from an unlicensed source, a hemp cultivator
• Effectively, by allowing hemp-derived cannabinoids to enter the legal cannabis market, AB 8 would result
• Effectively, by allowing hemp-derived cannabinoids to enter the legal cannabis market, AB 8 would result

Summary: The Assembly Committee on Revenue and Taxation met as a subcommittee and heard several bills, with members explaining that measures with significant fiscal impacts would be held for suspense or taken up later. AB 761 would let the Monterey-Salinas Transit District place a local sales tax measure on the ballot with approval from two-thirds of its board rather than needing approval from each member jurisdiction; supporters said it would preserve transit funding for veterans, seniors, and people with disabilities, while an opponent argued it would make it easier to raise a regressive tax. The bill was voted out 5-2 after being called for absent members. AB 1253, which would clarify property tax treatment for wildfire reconstruction beyond substantial equivalence, drew support from the Los Angeles County Assessor and the California Assessors Association but was sent to suspense. AB 8, dealing with hemp enforcement, intoxicating hemp products, and integration of hemp cannabinoids into the cannabis supply chain and tax system, drew strong support from cannabis operators and labor groups and opposition from small cultivators and public health advocates concerned about supply, tax revenue, and voter intent; it was also sent to suspense. The committee then heard AB 1138, a major expansion and modernization of the film and television tax credit program. Supporters, including entertainment unions, workers, studios, and local officials, said the bill would help keep production and jobs in California amid competition from other states and countries; opponents criticized it as picking winners and losers and argued broader business costs were the real problem. The bill was referred to suspense. AB 829, which would create a California Parkinson’s Disease Research Fund and voluntary tax contribution program to support research and services, received unanimous support from advocates and was approved 6-0 to Appropriations. AB 474 would exempt rental income from nonprofit home-sharing programs for low-income homeowners from state income tax and protect participants’ eligibility for certain benefits; supporters said it could help older adults age in place and address housing shortages, and the bill was sent to suspense after members asked for clarification on the fiscal estimate. The committee also heard AB 376, which would exempt wildfire settlement payments from state income tax for certain disaster survivors; supporters from rural counties said the money is meant to help victims rebuild and should not be taxed, and the bill was referred to suspense. Finally, AB 480 would allow developers using low-income housing tax credits to switch from allocated to certificated state credits after an award, with supporters saying it would maximize private investment and stretch housing dollars further; it too was sent to suspense. Throughout the hearing, members repeatedly emphasized the need to balance policy goals with fiscal impacts, and several bills were held or referred to suspense rather than voted out immediately.

Transcript Highlights:

• A continued challenge is that there are multiple cannabinoid markets in California.
• More recently, a market has emerged for hemp-derived cannabinoids.
• And within the unlicensed cannabinoid markets, products may be sold to kids or contain harmful ingredients
• There have been discovered such issues as cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome.
• There's other intoxicating cannabinoids that may have more harmful risk, and it's doing all of those

Summary: The joint informational hearing focused on the Department of Cannabis Control’s report on the condition and health of California’s cannabis industry. Department staff reviewed the evolution of state cannabis law, the creation of the current regulatory framework, licensing and compliance efforts, and enforcement against illicit cannabis and hemp-derived intoxicating cannabinoids. The department said the licensed market has grown in production and retail units sold, while active licenses and retail sales value have declined, and that the illicit market remains a major competitive factor. The department also highlighted consumer education efforts, product testing and recalls, and coordination through the state enforcement task force and other agencies. The department’s economist said the data show continued growth in licensed production and a rising share of consumption through the licensed market, but falling wholesale and retail prices have reduced overall industry value. He identified major headwinds as taxes and fees, illicit-market competition, local prohibitions that limit retail access, regulatory costs, and broader business pressures, while noting opportunities in product innovation and possible hemp-market changes. Committee members pressed the department on enforcement, public health concerns, equity ownership and employment, delays in grant administration, pesticide testing, and whether the legal market is truly viable for small businesses and farmers. Several members argued that stronger enforcement and lower costs are needed, while one member raised concerns about cannabis-related health harms and said the hearing focused too narrowly on supply-side issues. Public commenters from industry groups and advocacy organizations largely echoed concerns about high taxes, regulatory burdens, limited retail access, and the size of the illicit market. Many urged the Legislature not to let the excise tax rise from 15% to 19% and called for tax relief, compliance reform, more enforcement, and broader retail access. Some speakers said the report was too optimistic and did not reflect business failures, debt, and closures, while others emphasized the need to protect small farmers, address wildfire insurance, and support equity businesses. No votes or formal actions were taken; the hearing was informational only.