Transcript Highlights:

• So the students don't have to pay, but there will be a portion of this that the students will have to
• This will land on the students.
• We have right now a student athletic pass that students can opt into, but it's not required.
• But it is common to have a student athletic fee. It's not.
• Maybe out-of-state students covering this, not as much as in-state students.

Committee: All JOINT BUDGET COMMITTEE

Summary: The committee first adopted revised JBC rules, which staff said were updated to reflect legislation passed in the 2025 session. It then heard a presentation from DFA Secretary Jim Hudson on the governor’s proposed balanced budget for FY27, with no action taken. Hudson said the budget reflects three priorities: limiting state-government growth, continuing investments in education, and advancing income-tax cuts. He highlighted increases for education funding through EFAs, pay-plan costs for Corrections, DPS, and the Attorney General, higher education productivity funding, drug task forces, a Corrections medical contract, the governor’s 1033 initiative, SNAP error-rate reduction efforts, and an additional $100 million set aside for Medicaid sustainability. Committee members questioned the size of the tax cuts, the balance requirement, public education funding, Medicaid trust-fund levels, EFA funding, and the expected impact of new SNAP cost-sharing rules. The Division of Higher Education then presented its productivity-based funding recommendations. Officials said institutions were 2.61% more productive overall, with funding changes driven by a statutory formula that rewards degree production, underserved populations, and high-demand fields. Members asked about declines at UA Little Rock, the formula’s multipliers, the role of the Arkansas Access Act and a new return-on-investment metric, and how two-year colleges are adjusted for size. The committee also reviewed special items and approved two letters: one authorizing 17 net personnel changes across nine institutions, and another adding special language for North Arkansas College’s entry into the University of Arkansas system. The committee then adopted the Higher Education Coordinating Board’s recommendations for all institutions. A lengthy portion of the meeting focused on the University of Arkansas system, especially Fayetteville’s athletics funding and the broader impact of the House/NIL settlement. Chancellor Charles Robinson and system officials explained that the board had waived a longstanding campus transfer and directed the university to provide an additional $6 million to athletics, with some costs likely to be passed through to students but partially offset by existing budget growth. Members debated whether the university should prioritize academics or athletics, how the transfer originated, and whether the athletic changes would affect affordability. The committee also discussed the 1890 extension program at UAPB and the Division of Agriculture’s land-grant funding. UAPB officials said the state match is intended to be one-to-one, that the current recommendation aligns appropriation with actual spending, and that a $2 million set-aside remains available if needed. The Division of Agriculture later clarified that its Smith-Lever extension and Hatch research funds are part of the UA system’s separate budget and that the state matched about $6.2 million in federal extension funding last year. The committee then moved to the Department of Corrections. It approved G1, transferring 51 positions to the secretary’s office to activate a recidivism program, with an estimated cost of about $4 million. Staff then began walking through the department’s FY27 budget, noting an increase of about $8 million for administration and shared services, including a $170,000 sex-offender assessment appropriation moved under Act 723 of 2025 and roughly $6 million more for medical contracts. Questions on the Corrections budget had just begun when the transcript ended.

Transcript Highlights:

• CURRENTLY ARE 66,000 STUDENTS DIAGNOSED AND BEING TREATED FOR AUTISM AND HAVING THIS ADDRESSED IN OUR
• THIS IS TO CONTINUE IT AGE FOR CITING HOME-BASED SERVICES BE AVAILABLE TO STUDENTS UP TO FOUR AT WHICH
• THIS BILL GOES A LONG WAY TO EXPANDING SERVICES FOR STUDENTS WITH AUTISM.
• THE PROGRAM WILL ALLOW STUDENTS TO EARN BADGES THAT DESIGNATE THESE STUDENTS HAVE ACQUIRED SPECIFIC JOB
• PREVIOUSLY UNDER THE BILL IT IS FOR STUDENTS WITH AUTISM.

Keywords: 999, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• So right now, you know, I'll get new students.
• So let's say I get seven new students and I take these seven new students...
• So right now, I'll get new students.
• So let's say I get seven new students, and I take these seven new students around for six hours each.
• So, like I said, we have 11,000 more students or young people on the road driving.

Summary: The committee first took up House Bill 663, which would allow Idaho Agriculture in the Classroom to redesign its specialty license plate and shift plate design authority from Food Producers of Idaho to the organization’s board of directors. The sponsor and Cassidy Plum, the state director, said the plate provides about 75% of the program’s funding and supports teacher workshops, grants, and ag-literacy curriculum. Samantha Parrott also testified in support, saying the redesign could help increase sales and that Food Producers of Idaho supports the bill. Representative Harris raised the idea of involving students in the design, and Plum said the organization may hold a student competition. The committee voted to send HB 663 to the floor with a due pass recommendation. The committee then heard House Bill 628, which revises Idaho’s driver’s education law to expand parental instruction options and remove the prior rural-only limitation, while also adjusting language related to approved online course providers. Representative Mendive said the bill is the latest step in a multi-year effort to give families more flexibility and to allow school districts to offer driver training if they choose. Robert Scoville, a Caldwell science teacher and driver’s ed instructor, testified in opposition, arguing that removing school-based instruction would reduce safety and increase teen crash risks, citing crash and fatality statistics and the value of professional instruction. In response, supporters argued parents are already responsible for much of the training, that private instruction remains available, and that the bill increases freedom and reflects what is already happening in many districts. After discussion, the committee debated whether the bill would improve parental choice or weaken driver safety. Several members supported the measure as a matter of local control and family discretion, while others expressed concern about urban safety and the loss of professional instruction. The committee ultimately voted to send HB 628 to the floor with a due pass recommendation, and the meeting adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> three with Awards uh to students three with Awards uh to students starting<00:10:02.240><c> in</
• </c><00:11:04.560><c> loan</c> degree they're not in student loan degree they're not in student loan
• It's awarded to eligible students in an amount up to 50% of the amount of a Pell Grant a student would
• the total unique count paid to students the total unique count of<00:13:05.040><c> students</c><00:13
• students received when they uh received students received when they uh received the<00:18:14.000><c>

Committee: House Higher Education Finance and Policy

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• </c><00:07:28.320><c> But</c> Minnesota students to do that. But Minnesota students to do that.
• are here illegally over our own Minnesota students.
• ,</c><00:13:47.480><c> and</c> not prioritizing Minnesota students, and not prioritizing Minnesota students
• </c> illegally over our Minnesota students. illegally over our Minnesota students.
• So, um behalf of Minnesota students.

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• It provides additional options for student progression for fourth grade.
• Senator Berman: ...the cost per student station.
• performance and the student practice, and...
• We're making sure that student performance is given...
• We want to make sure that student performance is the ultimate measure on...

Keywords: 998, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• . student. student.
• . students. students.
• </c> students based on 193A or 194F. students based on 193A or 194F.
• A school that fails its students loses nothing. The students are captive.
• </c> for those students. for those students.

Committee: House Education Policy and Administration

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• When should students be using it?
• So we do have an even broader policy around student data privacy and student security than what would
• And teaching early doesn't mean the students use it.
• And that student data and student privacy are at the forefront of so much of that conversation and what's
• How many students would that be?

Committee: Senate Education

Summary: The committee first heard Senate Bill 1227, which would direct the State Board of Education to develop a statewide framework for generative AI in K-12 schools and require local districts to adopt related policies. Senator Cook said the bill is meant to promote AI literacy, transparency, privacy, and human oversight without mandating AI use, replacing teachers, or collecting new student data. Committee members asked about facial recognition, student data, parental opt-out, and age-appropriate use; Cook and supportive witnesses said existing privacy law covers data concerns, local districts would handle opt-out questions, and the framework is intended to start early with age-appropriate instruction. Testimony in support came from the Workforce Development Council, Idaho Education Technology Association, St. Luke’s Health System, Idaho PTA, and others, who said the bill would help prepare students for future jobs while protecting privacy and keeping humans in charge. The committee voted to send Senate Bill 1227 to the floor with a due pass recommendation. The committee then received a budget briefing from Joint Finance Appropriations Committee staff on public school support and higher education. Analysts explained that the public school budget is driven largely by support units and the Public Education Stabilization Fund, and that the governor’s FY27 recommendation is about $152 million below the agency request, with reductions tied to statutory population adjustments, Idaho Digital Learning Academy, virtual school transportation, and supplemental learning funds. They also noted recent enrollment declines and discussed how policy changes affect school funding. In higher education, staff outlined a combined $753 million request for colleges and universities, with the governor recommending about $11.5 million in rescissions across the institutions, plus separate health education programs totaling $30.4 million and recommended enhancements for 15 GME residents and fellows, including family medicine and psychiatry. JFAC staff also reviewed the state’s broader fiscal picture, saying ongoing revenues are not keeping pace with ongoing appropriations and that the legislature may need to rely on one-time money or policy changes to restore structural balance. They discussed the impact of tax conformity legislation, revenue forecast changes, and the growth of major budget areas such as public schools and Medicaid over the past decade. Committee members asked follow-up questions about enrollment trends, university enrollment weighting, rescissions, Medicaid expansion costs, and the effect of prior tax policy decisions. No votes were taken on the budget presentations, and the meeting adjourned after the informational briefing.

Transcript Highlights:

• One of these students can place serious strain on their budget.
• We had a small footprint with this, just having it down to homeschool students.
• It's Chris Brown's science classroom, and it tells you a story of students.
• I actually have a son who was one of these exact students.
• I want the education for each student that best fits their needs.

Committee: Senate Education

Keywords: 989, all

Transcript Highlights:

• .. ...aspect of K through 2 students as they're going through that.
• But you know, these phones are at least put away in a place that's owned by the student.
• Furthermore, 50% of students... ...occurs for a student, and 50% of students get 240 notifications a
• There was an experiment in Texas where they had two different groups of students.
• They presented the same material to both groups of students and tested them at the end.

Bills: SB92 , HB9 , HB9

Committee: House Education Policy

Keywords: K-12 education, wireless communication devices, digital safety, social media education, classroom distraction, three-cueing system, reading instruction, structured literacy, scientific strategies, 1136, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• </c><00:42:27.840><c> go</c><00:42:28.080><c> to</c><00:42:28.800><c> um</c> the student the student
• uh can go to um the student the student uh can go to um a<00:42:29.280><c> number</c><00:42:29.440><c
• </c> schools a student could go to instead. schools a student could go to instead.
• Um, a student was being bullied both by students as well as adults and teachers, to the point where they
• Um, a student was being bullied both by students as well as adults and teachers, to the point where they

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The committee first took up Senate Bill 34, concerning parental consent for student participation in the Medicaid-to-schools program. Members said they were not comfortable with a suggested amendment and wanted more information from Health and Human Services about how the program and billing work. On motion by Representative Noble, seconded by Representative Freeman, the committee voted unanimously to retain the bill, 18-0. The committee then considered Senate Bill 102, which would make informational materials about type 1 diabetes available on the Department of Education website. Supporters said the bill could help parents and teachers recognize warning signs early and could be life-saving in some cases. Opponents argued the material belonged on the Health and Human Services website rather than the DOE site, and some suggested a narrower link-only approach. After discussion, the committee voted 13-5 to ought to pass, with a minority report requested. The final major item was Senate Bill 97FN on intradistrict public school transfers. The committee first adopted an amendment that incorporated provisions from House Bill 68, required superintendents to approve best-interest transfer requests unless they failed to meet requirements, and revised language on capacity and accommodation. Supporters said the changes would help students, including those facing bullying, while opponents raised concerns about local control, capacity, and fairness to families who can transport children. The amendment passed 10-8, and the bill as amended also passed 10-8, with a minority report requested. The chair then announced the next meetings would be on the 21st and 27th, and reminded members to watch the Senate calendar.

Transcript Highlights:

• our commitments to universal school meals, career education, and supporting our most vulnerable students
• , including immigrant students.
• safety and success of vulnerable students. ...for the only state program dedicated to immigrant students
• I think that's really ridiculous for our students.
• , and particularly students from mixed-status families, need more supports, not less.

Keywords: 987, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> students and they love teaching them. students and they love teaching them.
• And in reality, students should not have to be suing their students and teammates.
• :05:57.359><c> student.
• Bullying encompasses more than just students because it's teacher on student, student on student, teacher
• </c> effect on students and their families. effect on students and their families.

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The committee first heard Senate Bill 102, which would make informational materials about type 1 diabetes available on the Department of Education website. Senator Ward said the bill is intended to help parents, teachers, and school staff recognize early symptoms such as thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, and weight loss so children can be referred for care before they develop diabetic ketoacidosis. He noted that a newer blood test can identify some children at risk earlier than in the past. Members asked how people would be directed to the website, and Ward said the information would be posted online and also distributed in handouts, with school personnel helping spread awareness. He emphasized the bill is informational only and not a diagnostic or treatment tool. Several supporters testified in favor, including representatives from the Dartmouth Diabetes Link and students with type 1 diabetes who described delayed diagnoses, emergency hospitalizations, and the difficulty of having symptoms misunderstood as stress, athletics, or normal teenage changes. They said the bill could help parents, teachers, and peers recognize warning signs earlier and reduce the risk of life-threatening ketoacidosis. One witness noted that New Hampshire ranks high in childhood type 1 diabetes, and another said even a single person seeing the information could make a difference. A retired diabetes educator and state representative also testified in support. The hearing on SB 102 was then closed. The committee then opened the hearing on Senate Bill 211, which would require school sports teams to be designated as male, female, or co-ed, bar biological males from female-designated teams and locker rooms, and create a cause of action for violations. Senator Avard said the bill responds to constituent concerns and is meant to protect fairness, safety, and privacy for biological females. In questioning, he said girls could still play on boys’ teams, but boys could not play on girls’ teams, and he said he would be open to changes. Opponents, including an attorney from LGBTQ Legal Advocates and Defenders, argued the bill is substantially the same as a law passed the previous year that was already challenged in federal court and found likely unconstitutional under equal protection and Title IX; they urged the committee to mark it inexpedient to legislate. The transcript cuts off before any committee vote or further action on SB 211.

Transcript Highlights:

• Participation on the educational setting in which the student was enrolled.
• These pernicious foreign agents are disguised as student support groups.
• All right, I want to be a little more clear on the intent about the foreign students.
• I want to be a little more clear on the intent about the foreign students.
• Could you be considered promoting that group and be subject to punishment as a student?

Summary: The Judiciary Committee heard a long agenda of bills, beginning with several probate, civil rights, and claims measures. Senators Burgess’s SB 326 on curators of estates was explained as a modernization of probate law; an amendment narrowing the bill was adopted, and the committee reported the bill favorably 10-0 after limited public testimony, including opposition from Ray Contreras. Burgess’s SB 1096, clarifying filing deadlines under the Florida Civil Rights Act, also passed unanimously 11-0. The committee then approved several claims bills, including SB 28 for Reginald Jackson against the City of Lakeland, SB 6 for a child injured after DCF’s handling of abuse allegations, SB 18 for the estate of McKenzie Navarre against the Broward County Sheriff’s Office, SB 26 for the estate of Mark Legata against FDOT, and SB 2 for the estate of Daniel Maudsley against DHSMV, with votes ranging from 10-1 to 11-0 and mostly no debate or opposition. The committee also took up trust and family-law related bills. Leader Berman’s SB 786 created a nonjudicial process for closing uncontested trusts and discharging trustees; after a technical amendment and testimony from Ray Contreras raising notice concerns, it passed 11-0. President Gates’s SB 50 expanded veterans’ courts statewide, drew broad support from veterans’ groups and advocacy organizations, and was reported favorably 11-0. Senator Simon’s SB 538 standardized extracurricular participation rules for public, private, virtual, and homeschool students; after multiple amendments on homeschool eligibility, fees, and coach compensation, it passed 11-0 with support and opposition from education-related groups. President Gates’s SB 1004, aimed at consumer protections in the sale of dogs and cats, also passed unanimously after testimony from humane organizations. The committee then considered broader policy bills. President Pro Tem Brodeur’s SB 1366 on claims against the government proposed raising sovereign immunity caps and adding CPI adjustments; local government, hospital, and school representatives supported the Senate’s lower-cap approach while warning against the House version, and the bill was reported favorably 11-0. Senator Jones’s SB 178 on athletics in public K-12 schools, as amended, would let head coaches provide limited personal support to student-athletes and require reporting of assistance; it passed 10-0. Senator Grohl’s SB 1178 on foreign influence and foreign countries of concern drew extensive supportive testimony from national security witnesses and was reported favorably 11-0 after a technical amendment and withdrawal of another amendment. Finally, SB 1632 on ideologies inconsistent with American principles prompted substantial debate and public testimony over domestic terrorism designations, Sharia law references, due process, and free speech concerns; the committee had not yet completed final action on that bill when the transcript ended.

Transcript Highlights:

• Particularly for students from underserved communities.
• Involved, Student Government Association President, who represents the aspirations of TSU students.
• So, I thank Texas Southern University for providing students like me, who lack confidence students like
• And it continues to be a bastion of hope for many students from lower socioeconomic Many students that
• I'd like to recognize a special. group of students from St.

Keywords: 1184, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• But again, your work for all students also makes sure all students can succeed in California.
• It's very crucial that we help these vulnerable students that lack support systems that many other students
• While I was fortunate, many students aren't.
• My student is only if you're in the Next Up program? Correct.
• There is the student housing priority, which is prioritizing student housing for community colleges,

Summary: The committee heard testimony on AB 262, which would direct the new California Housing and Homelessness Agency to study the needs of pregnant people experiencing homelessness and evaluate a voluntary “Pink Alert” notification system. Supporters, including the California Commission on the Status of Women and Girls and a mutual-aid volunteer, said the bill would help identify gaps in housing and prenatal services for a highly vulnerable population. Members generally supported the study concept, though one senator cautioned that the “Pink Alert” name could imply a missing-person alert. The bill was moved to Appropriations on a 3-0 vote and placed on call. Members then heard AB 673, creating the Unaccompanied Youth Support Grant Program for 16- and 17-year-old homeless students not in a parent or guardian’s custody. The Superintendent of Public Instruction and advocates said the bill would help connect youth to housing, basic needs, tutoring, employment readiness, and mental health services, while opponents raised concerns about duplication with existing school and county services and staffing shortages. The author and supporters argued the program would fill gaps for youth who often fall through existing systems. The bill passed to Appropriations on a 3-0 vote and was held on call. The committee also approved AB 1575, which updates the Lanterman Act to replace the term “consumer” with person-first language for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, and AB 2510, which would expand CalWORKs family reunification aid so families do not lose support when only some children are removed from the home. AB 1688, requiring broader notice when abuse or neglect is alleged in foster placements so attorneys for other children in the placement can check on their safety, also passed to Appropriations. AB 2304, “Gabriel’s Law,” requiring a child in immediate medical need to be seen by a medical professional and clarifying penalties for falsifying child welfare records, passed to Public Safety after testimony from the author, Gabriel Fernandez’s aunt, prosecutors, and a dependency lawyer who opposed parts of the penalty language. The committee then heard AB 1746 on faster county processing of CalWORKs child care requests, with support from the author, advocates, and county welfare directors who said they were still working on amendments; it was moved to Appropriations and held on call.

Transcript Highlights:

• student.
• So there's a New Hampshire student pays about 42% of what an out-of-state student pays.
• So there's a New Hampshire student pays about 42% of what an out-of-state student pays.
• Our even our undergrad students research is not confined to graduate and doctoral students.
• </c> bridge so that students could continue. bridge so that students could continue.

Committee: Senate Finance

Keywords: 1191, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• to their school, the students apply, and then when these students go to apply for the grants that are
• to their school, the students apply, and then when these students go to apply for the grants, that are
• It intends to address those who may steer students to or away from a specific school.
• Students can pick whatever school they want, apply for the grant.
• Students won't be able to pass the test. For the questions on the bill.

Bills: SB1772 , SB1958 , SB2010 , SB1595 , SB1687 , SB1684 , SB2049 , SB1966

Committee: Senate Aeronautics and Transportation

Keywords: motor vehicle safety, headlamps, headlights, fog lights, daytime running lights, auxiliary driving lamps, spot lamps, off-road lamps, bicycle lights, bicycle reflectors, vehicle lighting, roadway visibility, low visibility, rain, snow, wipers, night driving, traffic safety, Oklahoma Title 47, vehicle code

Summary: The Senate Aeronautics and Transportation Committee met and heard several transportation- and licensing-related bills. Senate Bill 1772, by Senator Peterson, would require headlights from sunset to sunrise and whenever windshield wipers are in use; after brief discussion about automatic headlights and enforcement, it advanced 8-4. Senate Bill 1958, by Senator Standridge, designated the I-35/Flood Avenue interchange as the Patrolman Mark Harris Memorial Interchange; after a question about the wording on the sign, it advanced unanimously 12-0. The committee then considered Senate Bill 2010, which would require non-citizen applicants to provide proof of lawful presence, mark limited-term Real IDs, and require an annual report. Members raised concerns about definitions, proof requirements, and whether the language matched the stated intent; the author agreed to strike the title and work on the language, and the bill advanced 11-1. Senate Bill 1595, described as a consumer protection/accountability measure for CDL training schools and grant administration, drew questions about steering students, agency recommendations, and whether lists of schools would still be allowed; it also advanced 11-1. Senate Bill 1687 would allow commercial driver training entities to proctor the written exam, and it passed 12-0. Senate Bill 1684, which requires companies doing highway remediation to carry liability insurance, was amended to set the minimum coverage at $3 million and to specify liability insurance; after discussion about subcontractors and safety, it passed 12-0. Senate Bill 1996, a memorial highway and bridge naming bill, was laid over after a question about whether the honoree was law enforcement, first responder, or military. The committee also announced that SB 1950 and SB 2052 would be laid over, and that it would meet again the following week to finish remaining bills.

Transcript Highlights:

• Assembly Bill 1884 establishes key safeguards for students by clarifying that a student who is tested
• By identifying students that need help, especially student athletes at risk of physical health issues
• , By identifying students that need help, especially student athletes at risk of physical health issues
• So student athletes, in my opinion, are leaders on campus.
• That is what it may look like to a lot of students.

Summary: The committee heard several bills focused on youth health, sports, and entertainment access. AB 1626 would require mental health training for youth sports coaches and create a model training for recreational and club coaches; supporters said coaches are often the first adults to notice mental health struggles, and the bill passed 6-0 to the Assembly Education Committee. AB 1884, as amended, would allow school districts that already use athletic drug-testing programs to add nicotine testing, with safeguards limiting disclosure and removing earlier punitive provisions; supporters framed it as a response to youth vaping, while opponents warned it could stigmatize students, discourage participation in extracurriculars, and burden schools. The bill passed 3-2 to the Assembly Education Committee, with some members still expressing reservations but supporting it after amendments. AB 2503 addressed heat guidelines for desert school athletics, seeking flexibility in wet-bulb temperature rules so practices and games would not be pushed so heavily into evening hours. The author and a desert athletic trainer argued current standards do not reflect local acclimatization and create scheduling burdens; the bill passed 5-0 to the Assembly Education Committee. AB 1954, the PAR Act, would require third-party golf reservation platforms to have written authorization from municipal golf course operators before listing or reselling tee times, aimed at stopping inflated resale of public golf reservations. Supporters from city and golf organizations said the bill would protect affordable access to public courses; it passed 5-0 to the Assembly Privacy and Consumer Protection Committee. The committee also heard AB 2319, which would create a standalone California post-production tax credit to keep editorial, sound, visual effects, and finishing work in-state even when principal photography occurs elsewhere. Labor and industry witnesses said California is losing post-production jobs to other jurisdictions and urged the bill be amended to include stronger labor standards; the bill passed to the Assembly Revenue and Taxation Committee. Finally, AB 1720, the California Fans First Act, would cap resale prices for concert and live entertainment tickets at no more than 10% above face value, excluding sporting events and certain season-ticket arrangements. The author argued the bill would curb scalping and make live events more affordable for fans.

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> approaches best suited for the students approaches best suited for the students in<00:20:35.679>
• </c> across to the students. across to the students.
• </c> what's the progression that students what's the progression that students move<00:28:22.159><c>
• </c> students seem to really struggle with. students seem to really struggle with.
• And one of the reasons why we do everything off of state student IDs is that protects student PII.

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Summary: The Legislative Oversight Committee met to review statewide education improvement and assessment issues under RSA 193-C:8-a, with the chair focusing on curriculum frameworks, academic standards, and resource elements tied to the state’s adequate education statutes. The chair walked through the statutory relationship between minimum standards for public school approval, academic standards, and local control of curriculum, noting that New Hampshire law requires curriculum frameworks to guide what students should know and be able to do while leaving districts flexibility in instruction. He also raised concerns that some subject areas appear to have current frameworks or standards while others do not, and suggested the committee may need to consider an amendment creating a curriculum frameworks and academic standards coordinator at the Department of Education. Nate Green, director of the Division of Education Analytics and Resources, explained that the terms “academic standards” and “curriculum frameworks” have evolved over time and are often used interchangeably, but can mean different things depending on the subject area. He said the state’s more prescriptive standards largely developed after No Child Left Behind, especially in math, ELA, and science, while older or less-tested subjects such as arts, physical education, and health often retained looser framework-style documents. Green outlined one possible approach of standardizing terminology, but also said New Hampshire could instead define curriculum frameworks separately as a combination of standards, curriculum, and instructional approaches. He emphasized that state standards must support statewide consistency and assessment, while local districts retain control over how they teach. Committee members discussed how these distinctions affect different grade levels and subjects, using examples from math and science to show that minimum standards are broad while academic standards are more specific and grade-level based. Green described how science standards are organized by physical science, life science, and earth/space science across grade bands, while math standards are more directly tied to individual grades. No votes were taken and no formal action was reported during this portion of the meeting; the discussion remained informational and exploratory as members considered whether statutory language or departmental organization should be updated.