Video & Transcript : 'skill based amusement games' :
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CO
Colorado 2026 Regular Session
Colorado Senate 2026 Legislative Day 050 Mar 5th, 2026
Colorado Senate Floor Meeting
WA
Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session
House Technology, Economic Development, & Veterans Feb 24th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- there are deer, there are farms, and it's something that we all know, but that uniqueness, this is based
- First, Pool 249 by Representative Kloba specifies that certain bots that are features of gaming systems
- or applications, in addition to certain bots that are features of video games, are not included in the
Summary:
The committee heard testimony on Substitute Senate Bill 6289, which would direct the Department of Commerce to develop a statewide economic development and competitiveness strategic plan by June 30, 2027, with updates every five years. Senator Kaufman said the bill is intended to create a more intentional, coordinated, data-driven statewide strategy to support businesses of all sizes and sectors. Supporters from the Washington Economic Development Association and the Department of Commerce said the plan is needed to align regional and local efforts, improve competitiveness, and address challenges such as capital access, infrastructure gaps, tariffs, and AI-related disruption. Both Commerce and WEDA supported moving the update cycle from two years to five years, and Commerce said the change would save money and help reduce the fiscal impact.
The committee also heard Substitute Senate Bill 6149, which would expand the definition of a rural county for public facilities funding and related programs to include counties with population density of 100 or more people per square mile if they have no city larger than 45,000 people. Senator Wilson said the bill is meant to preserve rural eligibility for counties like Cowlitz as cities grow, so they do not lose access to grants and loans that support economic development. Members raised questions about how the new definition would affect counties and whether it would better capture rural areas within larger counties, but no testimony opposed the bill.
In executive session, the committee considered three bills. For Senate Bill 5420, concerning access to state benefits and opportunities for veterans, the committee adopted a striking amendment that broadened some eligibility language, including changing a reference from physical to medical discharge and updating employment preference provisions, then advanced the bill by a 12-0 vote with one excused. For Senate Bill 5649, creating a Supply Chain Competitiveness Infrastructure Program, members began debate on amendments that would add WSDOT scoring criteria favoring Washington-made or Washington-grown goods and limit grants and loans to projects not already eligible for Freight Mobility Strategic Investment Board funding. The committee also reviewed several amendments to the AI companion chatbot bill, including narrowing educational and gaming exclusions, adding protections around age inference and manipulative engagement techniques, and limiting data collection; one amendment was withdrawn before further action.
FL
Florida 2026 4th Special Session
February 5, 2026 - 09:30 AM
Transcript Highlights:
- This is going to be a game changer for our synagogues and for all our houses of worship.
- And so I will support the bill based on those criteria.
- And if we can prevent people from going through this because sometimes it's late in the game.
MA
Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session
Joint Committee on Environment and Natural Resources Jun 21st, 2026 at 01:00 pm
Joint Committee on Environment and Natural Resources
Transcript Highlights:
- To develop a plan to reduce nutrient loading from land-based sources, such as stormwater, septic systems
- on chemicals, it was based on heat, it was based on plastic, it was based on human health, it was based
- Many community-based groups have said this.
- I'm sort of skipping away from my notes based on what I've heard here today, but part of what makes it
- on a time-based compliance that’s not really fair.
Summary:
The Joint Committee on Environment and Natural Resources held a hybrid hearing with testimony on a range of environmental bills. Early testimony focused on H. 1018, which would update management of the Commonwealth’s water resources and limit new conditions on historic water registrations. Water officials from Wellesley and the Springfield Water and Sewer Commission supported the bill, arguing that drought-related restrictions on registered withdrawals are difficult to administer, create customer confusion, and can undermine utility revenue needed for infrastructure upgrades. A Massachusetts Waterworks Association representative also backed the bill, saying registered systems have long operated within their allocations and should not have those withdrawals conditioned by regulation.
A major portion of the hearing centered on H. 1040, which would ban tire-derived materials on playgrounds and playing fields. The bill’s petitioner, environmental advocates, and an environmental chemist testified that crumb rubber and other tire-derived infill can release chemicals into soil and water and may pose risks to aquatic life and public health. Committee members asked about alternatives and costs; witnesses said natural grass and some organic infills are available, though more research is needed on some substitutes. Rep. Schwartz also testified on CSO-related bills, describing combined sewer overflows as a public health and environmental problem and saying the bills set deadlines but leave implementation methods to local and regional officials. Rep. Chacolo supported H. 909, a grant program for low-noise, low-emission landscape equipment, citing worker health, noise, and emissions concerns, and Sen. Cyr testified for bills addressing coastal and environmental acidification and nutrient pollution.
The hearing also included extensive testimony on H. 4040, which would prevent discharge of radioactive materials from the Pilgrim decommissioning process. Speakers including a Sierra Club representative, a physician, and the Massachusetts Lobstermen’s Association opposed Holtec’s plan to dispose of radioactive wastewater through evaporation or discharge, citing public health, transparency, and economic risks to fisheries and coastal communities. Another large block of testimony addressed CSO legislation, especially H. 1046 and related bills for the MWRA service area. Environmental groups, residents, and river users described sewage overflows into the Charles, Mystic, and Alewife Brook, impacts on health and recreation, and the need for a timeline to eliminate or sharply reduce overflows. Industry representatives opposed the CSO and waste bills, arguing they would be costly, duplicative, and disruptive, while waste facility operators said they already use continuous emissions monitoring and comply with existing regulations. No votes were taken during the hearing.
ID
Idaho 2026 Regular Session
Joint Finance-Appropriations Committee - 2026-02-04
Transcript Highlights:
- And so the project choice fees, by and large, don't contribute to their base pay.
- As state employees, the code is very clear: we have to pay based on merit.
- work, based on merit.
- I didn't want to play a game of we're trying to inflate numbers or any of that stuff.
- I didn't want to play a game of we're trying to inflate numbers or any of that stuff.
ND
North Dakota 2026 1st Special Session
Joint Policy Jan 21st, 2026 at 01:00 pm
Transcript Highlights:
- point of contact for patients seeking guidance on health and their ability to understand evidence-based
- point of contact for patients seeking guidance on health and their ability to understand evidence-based
- Based on that application and the intention to pass this legislation, North Dakota received points in
- A red flag of some sort based on their fitness levels.
- I'm having a hard time finding the rationale because my discount is based on what I have to pay.
Summary:
The committee first took up Senate Bill 2401, which would require physicians to complete continuing education on nutrition and metabolic health as part of the state’s rural health transformation effort. HHS supported the bill, saying it would help physicians better address chronic disease and preserve federal grant points tied to the state’s application. A member of the public also testified in favor, arguing that better nutrition education could improve diabetes outcomes and reduce costs. The committee then adopted an amendment to add the Board of Occupational Therapy Practice to the background-check statute so the occupational therapy compact could proceed, and it passed the bill as amended on a roll call vote.
The committee next heard House Bill 1621, which would require the Presidential Fitness Physical Fitness Test in elementary, middle, and high school physical education courses. HHS said the bill was part of the rural health transformation application and could help preserve federal funding, but members raised many questions about the test’s criteria, adaptive options for students with disabilities, equipment needs, and whether the bill should apply to non-public schools. Senator Clemens offered an amendment to limit the requirement to public schools, but it failed. Senator Hogan then offered an amendment to clarify exemptions and allow DPI to align implementation with federal guidance; that amendment passed. A further amendment adding language allowing DPI to establish criteria for and exceptions to the test also passed. The committee then approved the bill as amended on a roll call vote.
The committee also considered House Bill 1622, which joins North Dakota to the physician assistant licensure compact. HHS said the compact would improve access to care, especially in rural areas, support military families, and help preserve rural health transformation funding. Members noted the compact had been discussed in a prior session and that many earlier concerns had been resolved. After brief discussion about the compact process and its consistency with other interstate compacts, the committee voted to do pass the bill.
Finally, the committee began Senate Bill 2402, which expands pharmacists’ prescriptive authority and therapeutic substitution powers. HHS and the Board of Pharmacy supported the bill as a way to improve access to care and maintain rural health transformation funding. Senator Roers introduced a detailed amendment negotiated with the Board of Medicine and Board of Pharmacy to narrow and clarify the bill, including notification requirements, limits on certain drug categories, and patient-protection language for therapeutic substitution. The Board of Pharmacy then testified in support of the broader bill and explained the CLIA-waived testing provisions and the repeal of the older, narrower pharmacist-testing language. The hearing and amendment discussion were still underway when the transcript ended.
FL
Florida 2026 Regular Session
FL House Floor Session - 2025-06-16 (7:00PM Session)
Florida House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- There's like $100 million in the base student allocation.
- It's just in the base and it was continued.
- So all the kiddos get a base student allocation. I like that.
- Current statute requires performance-based agreements.
- We are permitting funding beyond five years based on a future rule that we’ve On five years based on
Summary:
The House convened on the final day of session, observed a moment of silence for the Minnesota House Speaker Melissa Hortman and her husband, and for Representative Rosenwald’s father, then swore in and seated new members Boyles and Hodgers. The Speaker also outlined the chamber’s end-of-session priorities, including action on the budget and related conforming bills. The House then took up H.J.R. 5019, a constitutional amendment to expand Florida’s budget stabilization fund by raising the cap, requiring annual transfers, and allowing withdrawals for critical state needs. After sponsor explanations and questions about what would qualify as a critical need and how the fund might respond to possible federal funding cuts, the House adopted an amendment that added more flexibility for suspending transfers and withdrawals. The joint resolution then passed on final passage.
Members next considered HB 7031, the tax package conference report. The bill repeals the business rent tax and aviation fuel tax, delays the natural gas fuel tax, creates or extends several sales tax exemptions and holidays, and makes changes affecting property taxes, local taxes, pari-mutuel taxes, and revenue distributions. Debate focused heavily on the new permanent exemption for ammunition and hunting-related items, the elimination of recurring housing trust fund and transit-related distributions, and the shift of some funding from recurring to nonrecurring status. Supporters argued the package provides tax relief and preserves annual budget flexibility, while opponents criticized the ammunition exemption and the reductions in recurring housing and transit support. The conference report was adopted and the bill passed.
The House then passed HB 5017, which creates a debt reduction program funded by a recurring transfer from general revenue to retire state bonds early, and HB 5015, the state group insurance conforming bill, which directs DMS to develop a formulary management plan and codifies the administrative health insurance assessment. Finally, the chamber began explanation and questions on the General Appropriations Act conference report for fiscal year 2025-26, described as a $115.1 billion budget that is down from the current year and includes more than $12 billion in reserves. Subcommittee chairs summarized major budget areas, including K-12 education, health care, transportation and economic development, agriculture and natural resources, higher education, state administration, justice, and information technology, highlighting funding for school choice, Medicaid, housing, transportation infrastructure, Everglades restoration, workforce programs, cybersecurity, and technology modernization.
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Floor Session Mar 2nd, 2026
California House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- provides hands-on experience in agriculture and environmental sciences and equips students with the skills
- provides hands-on experience in agriculture and environmental sciences and equips students with the skills
- And equip students with the skills needed to be future leaders and educators in these fields.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- hands-on education that ensures students graduate not only with knowledge, but with the technical skills
- businesses and industries. throughout Texas, ensuring that graduates are equipped with the exact skills
- undergrad, I came to the University of Houston where I've learned to grow and got my. leadership skills
AL
Alabama 2026 Regular Session
Alabama House Economic Development and Tourism Committee Feb 25th, 2026
Economic Development and Tourism
Transcript Highlights:
- And yeah, well, I can't do y'all—I have horse skills. And you know, I'm not on the big race.
- I mean, is that based on every transaction? That would have been the annual corporate tax.
Bills:
HB483
Committee:
House Economic Development and Tourism
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- We applaud the remarkable skill, discipline, and artistry of Shen Yun's performers who preserve and celebrate
- And because this is a calendar based on the lunar cycle, many cultures, their exact Lunar New Year does
OR
Oregon 2026 Regular Session
Joint Task Force On Municipal Solid Waste in the Willamette Valley 07/10/2026 1:00 PM
Transcript Highlights:
- from EPA, an annual base cap grant.
- And to go along with that, federal-based funding is decreasing.
- So that's based on lottery revenue. On the lottery side, that's a revenue credit.
- So that's based on lottery revenues.
- I'm game.
Summary:
The task force met to focus on funding systems and incentive structures for a proposed regional waste infrastructure effort, including how a future WIPA framework might support solid waste planning in the Willamette Valley. Staff and members heard presentations from DEQ on the Clean Water State Revolving Fund, from Business Oregon on the Special Public Works Fund, and from Oregon State Treasury on state bonding capacity and the bond issuance process. Presenters explained how their programs are structured, how projects are scored or approved, what kinds of public entities and projects are eligible, and how interagency coordination and co-funding can work. DEQ emphasized that its revolving loan fund is driven by water-quality benefits and public-health criteria, while Business Oregon described a broader infrastructure loan program for public entities with no scoring system, and Treasury outlined the state’s debt-capacity process and the differences between general obligation and lottery bonds.
Members used the presentations to discuss whether similar funding tools could support solid waste infrastructure, especially for transfer stations, regional hubs, and related facilities that may need to be built before Coffin Butte reaches the end of its lifespan. Several questions centered on whether public-private partnerships could qualify, whether equipment inside facilities could be financed, how repayment would work, and whether planning costs could be covered. DEQ and Business Oregon both said they could potentially collaborate on scoring or co-funding, but noted eligibility limits and the need for public ownership in many cases. Treasury said bond capacity is limited and competitive, especially for lottery bonds, and that project authorization generally runs on a two-year cycle, though unused authority can sometimes be reauthorized.
In task force discussion, members debated whether the group should pursue a dedicated funding lane for the seven-county region rather than having local governments compete with other statewide needs. Some members stressed the importance of criteria to avoid stranded assets and to ensure funding is available when projects are ready, while others raised concerns about how cities and counties would generate revenue to repay debt during construction and early operations. The group also discussed flow control, system fees, and the need for regional collaboration among counties, cities, and haulers to create enough waste volume to support new infrastructure. Staff noted that pre-session filing materials for the legislature are due September 11, and the chair said the August meeting will focus on organizational structure and identifying partners.
During public comment, Representative Kevin Mannix submitted written testimony supporting the WIPA concept and urging the task force to endorse it. Commissioner Bubba King of Yamhill County urged the task force to compare alternatives objectively and warned against adding bureaucracy before evaluating existing infrastructure and costs. Commissioners Kevin Cameron and Roger Nyquist of Marion and Linn counties described regional hub-and-spoke concepts, transfer stations, and intermodal options, emphasizing the need for planning, strategic siting, and collaboration with haulers and local governments.
MA
Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session
Senate Session Jun 21st, 2026 at 11:00 am
Massachusetts Senate Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- whom was referred House Bill 3388, designating Veterans Suicide Awareness and Remembrance Day, also based
- And he did so primarily ...based on a concern about the use of taxpayer-funded communication media for
- People are pissed off, and rightfully so, because games are being played in Washington at the expense
- He began his career in the State House as an intern for then Senator James Timilty, based... ...career
- Based on his exceptional work as an intern, he was hired to work as an aide in the office of Senator
Summary:
The Senate first adopted an emergency preamble for H. 4521, establishing a sick leave bank for Kathleen Roder of the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, by standing vote, with 8 in favor and none opposed. The chamber also suspended rules to refer several petitions to committee, including a resolution to rescind prior Article 5 constitutional convention applications and a petition on officer training related to stage suicides. Committee reports moved several bills forward, including legislation clarifying the duties of the Adjutant General and enhancing access and support for military-connected families, both with new drafts, and a bill designating Veterans Suicide Awareness and Remembrance Day, which was ordered to a third reading.
A major portion of the session focused on the House’s nonconcurrence in the Senate’s amendment to the fiscal year 2025 supplemental budget and the appointment of a conference committee. Senators from both parties debated how to respond to the federal government shutdown and the threatened lapse in SNAP benefits, with repeated calls for the Commonwealth to use available state resources to prevent hunger, protect vulnerable residents, and seek federal reimbursement. Several members criticized the governor’s use of taxpayer-funded communications on the issue, while others defended the administration’s limited initial response and emphasized fiscal constraints. The Senate ultimately insisted on its amendment and appointed a conference committee consisting of Senators Rodrigues, Comerford, and O’Connor.
The chamber also passed several local and special bills, including measures exempting Natick’s assistant fire chief from civil service, authorizing sewer service in Sharon, changing the term of the elected moderator in Holden, updating Medford’s linkage exaction program, and establishing sick leave banks for Candy J. Pike and Kathleen Roder. The Senate later adopted amended resolutions calling on the President of the United States to release contingency funds for SNAP during the shutdown, adopted an order to adjourn to the following Monday, and then adjourned.
MO
Transcript Highlights:
- So I just wanted to, in transparency, make that that might change for the committee based on what the
- So I just wanted to, in transparency, make that that might change for the committee based on what the
- So you've got all that traffic, Mizzou games, you know, brings a lot of people in.
- Pretty much the first part of May to about October now is about the same as having a Mizzou game in Columbia
- problem, we discussed kind of what we talked about, that there was a budgetary appropriation, and based
Committee:
House Judiciary
TX
Texas 89th Regular
Senate Committee on Health and Human Services (Part I) Feb 26th, 2025
Health & Human Services
Transcript Highlights:
- Whereas if we can prevent things, like what you're talking about, we get ahead of the game.
- It's incredible what is going on in other countries, and some of our Texas-based companies are already
- Again, folks in the food industry have been aware of this, but we were kind of late to the game to realize
- They have to use some of these ingredients, literally based on the guidelines.
- So if you talk to schools, they're under a huge burden from the current guidelines that are based on
Committee:
Senate Health & Human Services
Keywords:
attorney ad litem, indigent parents, parent-child relationship, legal representation, Texas Family Code, court procedures, nutrition, health standards, food labeling, education, dietary guidelines, medical education, food safety, school meals, child nutrition, food additives, public health, 1185, senate, all
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
Undocumented noncitizens made ineligible for state financial aid programs 3/10/26
Minnesota House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- And again, uh Minnesota's tax base.
- We don't pass legislation based on I think. We pass legislation based on definitions.
- </c> pass legislation based on I think. pass legislation based on I think.
- ><c> on</c> We pass legislation based on We pass legislation based on definitions.<00:30:48.840><c> And
- But that's just based upon the case.
FL
Florida 2026 5th Special Session
Appropriations Jan 14th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- But, like for instance, the Florida Gaming Control Commission, they have additional FTE asks as well.
- As well as the base student allocation, we recommend a $100 increase to $5,472.
- As well as the base student allocation, we recommend a $100 increase to $5,472.
- And then moving into support for our seniors, both the home and community-based care...
- for our seniors, both the home and community-based care.
Summary:
The Appropriations Committee first took up SB 7010, which would authorize Roth contributions in state and local deferred compensation plans. Senator Mayfield explained that current law only allows pre-tax contributions, and the bill would let the Department of Financial Services and local governments offer post-tax Roth options. The bill had one support appearance card, no debate, and was reported favorably by roll call vote.
The committee then received a lengthy presentation from the Governor’s Office of Policy and Budget on the governor’s recommended “Floridians First” budget, totaling $117.4 billion and $53.2 billion in general revenue. The presentation highlighted reserves, debt paydown, tax relief, and proposed reductions and efficiencies, along with major spending areas in education, health care, public safety, corrections, transportation, and economic development. Key proposals included higher K-12 funding, teacher salary increases, funding for Everglades and water quality projects, emergency preparedness, corrections staffing and facility funding, cybersecurity, law enforcement recruitment bonuses, and affordable housing and infrastructure investments.
Members asked extensive questions about property tax reserves, litigation funding, emergency response fund balances and spending, the Alligator Alcatraz detention facility and federal reimbursement, the Second Amendment sales tax holiday, animal abuse hotline funding, Hope Florida, corrections staffing, and teacher pay. A major portion of the discussion focused on the Department of Health’s planned changes to the ADAP HIV medication program, with senators and a public witness expressing concern about access to life-saving medications and possible misuse or redirection of funds. The committee did not take further action on the budget presentation, and the meeting ended after additional comments supporting the budget and the corrections funding, with SB 7010 already approved.
HI
Hawaii 2025 Regular Session
HLT/HSH Joint Public Hearing - Fri Jan 31, 2025 @ 9:00 AM HST
Transcript Highlights:
- This is a game-changing test, and the legislature should ensure that necessity is determined by doctors
- My insurer denied coverage for the test based on their determination of medical necessity.
- their</c><00:15:39.240><c> determination</c><00:15:39.959><c> of</c><00:15:40.160><c> medical</c> based
- on their determination of medical based on their determination of medical necessity<00:15:41.720><c>
- </c> interventions are conducted based interventions are conducted based largely<01:07:11.079><c> on<
Summary:
The joint hearing covered HB 553 on biomarker testing coverage, HB 556 on colorectal cancer screening access, and later HB 712 on 340B drug pricing. For HB 553, the American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network, patient advocates Natalie Heyman and Susan Hirano, a surgical oncologist, and the American Lung Association strongly supported the bill, arguing that biomarker testing should be covered when ordered by a doctor and guided by current evidence. DHS and several insurers offered comments and requested amendments, with DHS saying it appreciated the intent but wanted changes. The committees then voted to pass HB 553 with amendments, including a House draft and a defective date of July 1, 3000; both the House Health and Human Services and Homelessness committees adopted the recommendation unanimously.
For HB 556, testimony focused on closing gaps in colorectal cancer screening, especially for uninsured and underinsured patients who can get stool-based screening but then cannot access follow-up colonoscopies. Community Clinic of Maui, ACS CAN, and the American Cancer Society supported the bill, with ACS CAN urging a program similar to the breast and cervical cancer control program and offering amendments. DHS requested that the program and appropriation not conflict with executive budget priorities, and the committees noted technical amendments, a defective date, a blank appropriation amount, and corrections changing Medicare references to Medicaid. HB 556 was also passed with amendments by both committees.
The hearing then moved to HB 712 on 340B drug pricing and contract pharmacies. The Department of Health and the Attorney General’s office expressed concern that the bill would require the state to regulate private commercial activity and said the department lacked the expertise and resources to implement it as written, suggesting it might belong in a different statutory section. In contrast, PhRMA opposed the bill, while Hawaii Pacific Health and Hawaii Island Community Health Center supported it, saying 340B savings are important for hospital services and patient access to low-cost medications, especially where manufacturers have restricted shipments to contract pharmacies. No vote on HB 712 was taken in the portion provided.
WY
Transcript Highlights:
- </c> South Dakota, they use class-based South Dakota, they use class-based systems<00:22:03.679><c> and
- , not based upon the class a classification.
- , not based upon the class a classification.
- 58:00.559><c> class</c><00:58:00.799><c> a</c> the crime, not based upon the class a the crime, not based
- </c> spreadsheet for each of the groups based spreadsheet for each of the groups based on<02:20:16.000
Committee:
Joint Judiciary
MA
Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session
Future of Payments and Sales Transactions by Credit Card and the Impacts for Small Businesses Jul 22nd, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- Alternatively, I want to commend the fact-based approach that's being taken by this commission because
- don't evaluate restaurant loans, which they consider as very high risk and rarely ever give us loans, based
- ...loans based on meals tax and gratuities because they know those dollars are not restaurant revenue
- But in the meantime, states are not out of the game. administration.
- But in the meantime, states are not out of the game when it comes to providing fee relief on credit card
Summary:
The Special Legislative Commission studying the future of credit card payments and their impacts on small businesses held what leaders described as its last public hearing, though they said the commission would continue meeting to develop a report and recommendations. Chair Paul Feeney and other members noted the issue is complex and that they had sought testimony from a wide range of stakeholders before moving into a more deliberative phase. The commission adjourned after hearing from several in-person and virtual witnesses.
Banking and card-industry witnesses, including the Massachusetts Bankers Association, the Card Coalition, the Electronic Payments Coalition, and others, argued that payment cards provide major benefits to consumers and merchants, including convenience, fraud protection, fast settlement, and broad access to electronic commerce. They warned that state-level changes to interchange rules could create a patchwork of conflicting requirements, disrupt global payment systems, and especially affect state-chartered community banks and small businesses. Several also said recent federal actions and litigation, including OCC and NCUA preemption rules and the Illinois interchange-fee litigation, have limited the practical reach of state laws.
Restaurant, retail, and convenience-store witnesses pushed for relief from swipe fees, saying independent businesses operate on thin margins and pay fees on amounts that are not really their revenue, such as sales tax and gratuities. They urged transparency, the ability to surcharge, vendor compensation for tax collection, and limits on interchange or related fees. Some witnesses said merchants bear significant fraud and chargeback costs and that banks and card networks have not offered enough direct relief. Commissioners asked questions about surcharging, fee regulation, fraud, and whether industry should share more of the burden. No votes or formal actions were taken beyond adjourning the hearing.