Video & Transcript : 'employee mobility' :

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ID

Idaho 2026 Regular Session

Agenda Feb 13th, 2026

State Affairs

Transcript Highlights:
  • , I find it prudent to continue the policy for all state employees.
  • Representative Scott: This does not pick up any local schools, any county, city employees.
  • This is written specifically for the executive, legislative, and judicial branch, and their employees
  • That's what they said would pick up the employees. Representative Church: Follow up?
  • Is this important for my employees to fulfill and maintain their position?
Committee: House State Affairs
Summary: The committee first approved a motion to hold RS 3355 at the sponsor’s request. It then heard and advanced House Bill 598, which would require candidates to maintain separate campaign bank accounts and certify to the Secretary of State when they loan money to their own campaigns and deposit it. Representative McCann said the bill was intended to improve transparency; the Secretary of State’s office remained neutral. The committee voted to send HB 598 to the floor with a do-pass recommendation. Members next introduced RS 33374, a proposal by Representative Raibold to clarify legislative residency requirements by requiring physical presence in a district for at least 120 days before the filing period. The sponsor said the measure was meant to better define intent and address challenges over where a candidate actually resides. After questions about how residency would be proven and challenged, the committee voted to introduce the RS. The committee also introduced RS 33105, which would align telephone service discontinuance procedures with federal FCC processes, and RS 33106, which would broaden the definition of broadband to include satellite and wireless service. The committee then considered RS 33270 and RS 33295 from Representative Scott. RS 33270 would prohibit logos, slogans, and similar branding in the executive budget document, except for the state seal and governor’s official logo. RS 33295 would bar state funds from being used for memberships, dues, and fees for many organizations by executive, legislative, and judicial branch entities, with exemptions for items authorized by law, professional licensing, required certifications, state employment needs, and law-enforcement information sharing. Several members raised concerns about the breadth of the proposal, possible impacts on necessary professional and interstate organizations, and the lack of an enforcement mechanism. RS 33270 was introduced, but RS 33295 was returned to the sponsor for lack of a motion. The committee also introduced RS 33302, a resolution encouraging Idahoans to observe March 1, 2026, as a day of fasting and prayer for moisture, wisdom, and unity. Members discussed its religious and historical basis and expressed support. Finally, the committee advanced House Bill 501, which requires paid signature gatherers on certain petitions to wear badges identifying who is paying them, if anyone. The sponsor said the bill was intended to increase transparency, and the committee voted to send it to the floor with a do-pass recommendation.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Judiciary Committee Meeting - 2025-04-02

Judiciary Finance and Civil Law

Transcript Highlights:
  • That is why we are adding further clarification on protections for employees and non-employee individuals
  • to employees and non-employees.
  • So under 9.14, it says no state employee may interfere or obstruct with the investigation. authorized
  • and anti-retaliation statutes, are so time-sensitive that irreparable damage may be done to the employee
  • by the time the contested case process is complete, irreparable damage may have been done to the employee
HI
Transcript Highlights:
  • So there are gender diverse employees and LGBT employees at the Capitol and other state departments.
  • So there are gender diverse employees<00:23:13.520><c> and</c><00:23:13.799><c> LGBT</c><00:23:14.799
  • ><c> employees</c><00:23:15.280><c> at</c><00:23:15.520><c> the</c> employees and LGBT employees at the
  • employees and LGBT employees at the capital<00:23:16.000><c> and</c><00:23:16.240><c> other</c><00:23
  • Now more than ever, it is vital that the state employees and the public at large understand that sexual
Committee: House Labor
Keywords: 910, house, all
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Finance - 04/29/25

Finance

Transcript Highlights:
  • funded employees.
  • funded employees.
  • funded employees.
  • funded employees.
  • 243 of our employees are federally funded<01:41:47.679><c> employees.
Committee: Senate Finance
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
NH
Transcript Highlights:
  • </c><00:31:29.279><c> time</c> well um donations of employee time well um donations of employee time
  • You know roughly how many employees they have? Not necessarily.
  • Average number of employees. No, that's the average number of employees.
  • Lonza is close to 2,000 employees now in Portsmouth.
  • </c><00:52:36.319><c> in</c><00:52:36.559><c> New</c> is it growing employees in New is it growing employees
Keywords: 928, house, all
Summary: The committee met to review tax expenditures, elect a chair and clerk, and hear updates on two credits due for periodic review: the career and technical education (CTE) center tax credit and the research and development (R&D) tax credit. Members first organized the meeting, then heard from Jennifer Ramsey of DRA, who explained the purpose of the tax expenditure review process and summarized the CTE and R&D credits. She said the CTE credit allows donations to CTE centers for a credit against business profits tax, is capped at 25% of a taxpayer’s liability, has a $500,000 aggregate limit, and was extended in SB 98 to fiscal year 2031. She also noted DRA could not provide detailed financial data because of statistical disclosure limits when too few taxpayers claim the credit. Committee members pressed for more historical and aggregate information, arguing they needed numbers to judge whether the credit is effective and worth continuing. The committee then heard from Chrissy Vanderhook of the Department of Education on the CTE credit. She described New Hampshire’s CTE system as serving 26 secondary centers and seven post-secondary centers, with industry partners providing internships, work-based learning, equipment, employee time, and other in-kind support that can qualify for the credit. She said the department reports annually to legislative leaders and that fiscal year 2025 credit activity was down about 48% from FY24, partly due to staffing changes and outreach issues. Members asked whether the program extends to community college-level programs, and she said it can, though she was not sure how broadly it is used that way. The committee also discussed a new Granite Patron of the Arts credit, which DRA said went into effect July 1 and is included in the tax expenditure report even though it is not yet listed in the statute. For the R&D credit, Ramsey explained that it offsets business profits tax and can carry forward to business enterprise tax, is based on incremental research spending, and currently has a $7 million annual aggregate cap. She said the cap has not yet been reached but could require proration as early as fiscal year 2026 if not increased. She noted there were 271 taxpayers claiming the credit in fiscal 2024 and that a proposal last session to raise the cap to $10 million and increase the per-company limit did not advance. Mark Liberty of BEA said the credit is an important recruitment and retention tool, especially for life sciences, aerospace, defense, and advanced manufacturing, but acknowledged BEA does not track direct revenue return. Andrea Hchvaria of New Hampshire Life Sciences argued the R&D credit is critical for startups and cited growth in applicants from 71 in 2008 to 248 in 2024, with qualified wages rising substantially over that period. Committee members repeatedly asked for more objective economic-impact data, but DRA said it only tracks who claimed the credit and the amount claimed, not broader business outcomes.
NH

New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session

House Judiciary (03/19/2025)

Transcript Highlights:
  • Um, so I am been a state employee.
  • She said the governor requested 12 employees and they had received funding for 15 employees, but in the
  • The witness said the governor requested 12 employees and they had received funding for 15 employees,
  • </c> a copy of that employees personnel file. a copy of that employees personnel file.
  • > made</c> and such employee employee and they made and such employee employee and they made you<01:56
Keywords: 928, house, all
Summary: The Judiciary Committee met to hear the Legislative Budget Assistant Office’s performance audit of the New Hampshire Commission for Human Rights. Auditors said the commission was inefficient and ineffective in investigating discrimination complaints and closing cases in a timely manner during fiscal years 2020 through 2023. The report contained 25 observations; the commission fully concurred with 24 and concurred in part with one. Auditors highlighted major problems with case processing delays, inaccurate case data, lack of a case management system, weak strategic planning and risk assessment, outdated and disorganized policies, confidentiality issues, expired administrative rules, fee-setting practices, incomplete financial-interest filings, and failure to complete required reports and reconciliations. Two recommendations, involving complaint screening and conciliation, may require legislative action. Several observations focused on the commission’s intake and investigation practices. Auditors said complaints may have been screened out before docketing, potentially preventing commissioner review required by statute, and that the investigation process lacked clear rules and guidance. They also found investigators were assigned non-investigative tasks, training was inadequate, interview requirements were unclear, supervisory duties were burdensome, and confidential information was not always protected by encrypted email. The audit recommended clearer administrative rules, better internal controls, more focused staffing, a supervisory investigator position, and improved training and documentation. Commission representatives said they had already made progress on several items since the audit began, including posting overdue biennial reports and moving toward a case management system expected to go live in June. They said they were working with EEOC counterparts and legal counsel, but emphasized staffing shortages and high turnover, noting the commission currently had nine people working out of 15 authorized positions, with three investigator vacancies and a vacant paralegal position. Committee members thanked the auditors and commission staff, discussed the history of the audit request, and raised concerns about how long the recommended corrective actions might take. The committee took no vote or formal action during the hearing.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on State and Local Government - 02/11/25

State and Local Government

Transcript Highlights:
  • Can we embed a prosecutor in a different agency who is an employee of the agency?
  • Can we embed a prosecutor in a different agency who is an employee of the agency?
  • Can we embed a prosecutor in a different agency who is an employee of the agency?
  • </c><01:07:33.680><c> that</c> contemplate um holding employees that contemplate um holding employees
  • </c><01:48:11.239><c> of</c> of employ that are in uh employees of of employ that are in uh employees
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

LBT-PSM, LBT Public Hearings 02-18-2026

Labor and Technology

Transcript Highlights:
  • This measure ensures that unique circumstances surrounding military life are considered when an employee
  • This measure will align Hawaii's leave law with federal leave law and create clear policy where employees
  • This measure ensures that unique circumstances surrounding military life are considered when an employee
  • This measure will align Hawaii's leave law with federal leave law and create clear policy where employees
  • Leave law with federal leave law and create clear policy where employees will be better protected in
Keywords: 912, senate, all
Summary: The joint committees on Labor and Technology and Public Safety and Military Affairs heard testimony on several measures. SB 3082, relating to military families and leave protections, drew support from the Department of Labor and Industrial Relations, the military community relations office, the Hawaii National Guard, and the U.S. Department of Defense, all of whom said the bill would align state law with federal standards and better account for military-related leave needs. SB 3110, relating to the Hawaii National Guard, was supported by Department of Defense witnesses who said it clarifies that employees of the Guard’s youth and adult educational programs are excluded from collective bargaining. The committees also heard SB 3251, which would prohibit certain state law enforcement agencies from hiring former ICE or Border Patrol agents as law enforcement officers. The main testimony in support argued the bill could help prevent local police staffing losses to higher-paying federal agencies and avoid future workforce instability if federal funding changes. The measure drew significant public testimony, with the chair noting 62 testimonies in support, five in opposition, and three comments. Members discussed the bill’s impact on recruitment and retention, and one member voted with reservations while another voted no. Later, the committees heard SB 3095 and SB 3264, both concerning Hawaii Employer-Union Health Benefits Trust Fund salaries. EUTF testified in support of SB 3095, which would allow the board to set salaries for investment office staff, and SB 3264, which would authorize the board to set the salary for an assistant administrator. After testimony, the committees moved into decision-making and passed SB 3082, SB 3110, SB 3251, SB 3095, and SB 3264 with amendments, generally including technical changes and revised effective dates of January 1, 2077 for the EUTF salary bills and SB 3082.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • It requires employees to abandon their patient's medical care to receive training and is costly in employee
  • and reduce the minimum amount of annual training hours for continuing employees to three. of taking
  • So this allows the employees to spend more time supplying services to patients while still maintaining
  • I-regulated plans, but they do not apply to the plans that we have for our state employees under the
  • We will have state plans for our state employees and our teachers. system employees that do not require
Bills: SB437 , SB528 , SB626 , SB636 , SB884 , SB968 , SB1044 , SB1608 , SB2336
AR

Arkansas 2026 Regular Session

JOINT BUDGET COMMITTEE Mar 5th, 2026

JOINT BUDGET COMMITTEE

Transcript Highlights:
  • We are not filling them with contract employees.
  • We're about to onboard two new employees, actually, so we're not using contract employees to fill those
  • We're doing it to reduce health care costs for the employees.
  • Because it's spread out through all the employees.
  • We don't need to spread this among the employees, because...
Summary: The committee heard budget presentations and took executive recommendations on several Department of Human Services divisions, including Aging, Adult and Behavioral Health Services; Children and Family Services; County Operations; Developmental Disability Services; and Medical Services, with most divisions showing little or no significant change in total appropriations. Staff and agency witnesses repeatedly explained that many large appropriations are maintained for flexibility, federal matching requirements, or contingency needs, even when actual spending is much lower than the authorized amount. Members also raised concerns about staffing vacancies, long-vacant budgeted positions, and the use of excess appropriation authority across DHS. In Aging, Adult and Behavioral Health, members questioned federal funding levels for mental health and substance abuse grants, the status of senior centers and Meals on Wheels, the Medicaid tobacco settlement program, community alcohol safety grants, and the veterans mental health grant. Agency officials said federal block grants are largely committed, that senior center funding had been delayed by shutdown timing but was now back on track, that the tobacco settlement program had been moved internally within DHS, and that the veterans mental health appropriation remains unfunded. Senators also criticized the adequacy of support for seniors and asked for more detail on how transportation, meal services, and local contributions are funded. In Children and Family Services, members asked about rising appropriation levels, foster care and adoption subsidies, professional fees, the number of children in foster care, and the Children’s Trust Fund. DHS said increases reflect added flexibility for residential treatment, adoption subsidies, and prevention services, while the foster care population has remained fairly steady at about 3,400 children. The Children’s Trust Fund was described as supporting primary prevention programs such as Baby and Me and community schools, and members asked whether it could be administratively combined with other efforts. Questions also covered TANF subgrants, with DHS explaining that it had reduced outside subgrants after discovering over-obligation and was rebuilding reserves. In County Operations, members focused on the summer EBT program, SNAP employment and training, the farmer’s market program, and the state’s TANF reserve position. DHS said summer EBT is still being funded through temporary appropriations because it is a newer program, SNAP employment and training is largely federally funded and may expand under a pending policy change, and TANF reserves were drawn down after prior over-obligation but are now being stabilized. In Developmental Disability Services, members asked about vacancies, human development center staffing, facility construction funds, and the Booneville work program, and DHS said the program has reopened and staffing recruitment continues. In Medical Services, members asked about FMAP, the Our Kids B CHIP program, school-based Medicaid reimbursements, nursing home distress funds, and several large appropriation lines that far exceed actual spending; DHS said these are maintained for claims payment, nursing home receivership contingencies, and other flexibility needs. Each division reviewed was adopted by executive recommendation after questions concluded.
WY

Wyoming 2026 Regular Session

Senate Floor Session-Day 17, March 2, 2026-AM

Wyoming Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • There will be no employee layoffs.
  • There will be no employee layoffs. And There will be no employee layoffs.
  • </c> to the governor's rack, the employee to the governor's rack, the employee compensation. compensation
  • </c> employees added to the state's budget. employees added to the state's budget.
  • ,</c> 15 state full-time state employees, 15 state full-time state employees, originally<01:13:50.600
Keywords: 916, all
KY

Kentucky 2026 Regular Session

House Standing Committee on State Government (3-19-26)

State Government

Transcript Highlights:
  • It allows an employee to set up a special needs trust, subject pursuant to federal criteria.
  • And this allows these employees to take benefits that they have earned throughout their life.
  • It allows an employee to set up a special needs trust, subject to federal criteria.
  • And this allows these employees to take benefits that they have earned throughout their life.
  • Second. um these employees to take benefits that um these employees to take benefits that they<00:14:
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

02/10/2026 - House Education

Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • Fund monies must also be used to reimburse school employees who have successfully completed an approved
  • Fund monies may also be used to reimburse school employees who have successfully completed an approved
  • House Bill 2076 establishes uniform standards not only for schools and employees.
  • I don’t think you give the same benefits to every employee at this legislature.
  • It's their only employee that they hire.
Committee: House Education
Keywords: 1182, all
WY

Wyoming 2026 Regular Session

House Floor Session-Day 4, February 12, 2026-PM

Wyoming House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • 10 at-will employee contracts.
  • </c> employees and 10 at employee contracts. employees and 10 at employee contracts.
  • At will employee contract modules.
  • </c> state employees work within that agency. state employees work within that agency.
  • Uh new employees, things everything. Uh new employees, things like<02:41:17.280><c> that.
Keywords: 916, all
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Informal House Session 75 Jun 21st, 2026 at 11:00 am

Massachusetts House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Second reading of the bills: An act establishing a sick leave bank for Robert Tiro, an employee of the
  • Third reading of the bill: An act establishing a sick leave bank for Kendra Winner, an employee of the
  • Third reading of the bill: An act establishing a sick leave bank for Carlos Borges, an employee of the
  • Third reading of the bill: An act establishing a sick leave bank for Robert Tiro, an employee of the
  • House for final passage: Senate No. 2580, an act to establish a sick leave bank for Robert Tiro, an employee
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The House opened with the Pledge of Allegiance and received a message from the Governor submitting fiscal year 2025 supplemental appropriation requests, which were referred to the Committee on Ways and Means. The House also adopted a resolution congratulating Sergeant Michael Campanelli on his retirement from the Franklin Police Department after suspending the rules. Members then took up several bills on second and third reading, including measures on surveillance pricing in grocery stores, real estate appraiser record retention, eliminating the residency requirement for fortune tellers, taxes due upon the death of active duty personnel and the elderly, and a local bill for Palmer liquor licenses. The House also considered and advanced local and personnel-related bills, including a sick leave bank for Robert Tiro, a charter amendment for Sandwich, a sick leave bank for Kendra Winner, additional wine and malt beverage licenses for Lexington, non-civil service public safety personnel in Wellesley, and a sick leave bank for Carlos Borges. The House passed to be enacted House No. 4004, validating the results of a special election in Harwich, and enacted Senate No. 2580 establishing a sick leave bank for Robert Tiro. For Senate No. 2580, the House first adopted the emergency preamble by a recorded division vote of 3 in favor and none opposed, then passed the bill to be enacted. The House then adopted an order to adjourn until Thursday at 11 a.m., and adjourned accordingly.
WA

Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Appropriations Feb 27th, 2026 at 10:30 am

Appropriations

Transcript Highlights:
  • The covered entity keeps the discounts and our employees pay more.
  • A recent IQVIA analysis of state employee health plans. But I will emphasize that.
  • up 340B drug prices by an average of 131 percent costing Washington state employees' health plans and
  • This is a restaurant that has employees on payroll.
  • So these employees are going without hours, and I have cases I can send you.
KY
Transcript Highlights:
  • </c><00:25:42.240><c> participating</c> leave days for employees participating leave days for employees
  • Is there any policy on the books regarding conversations with legislators and DOC employees?
  • Is there any policy on the books regarding conversations with legislators and DOC employees?
  • Is there any policy on the books regarding conversations with legislators and DOC employees?
  • </c> uh a professional employee uh a professional employee organization<01:03:00.000><c> creating</c>
Summary: The subcommittee met with a quorum, approved the minutes, and welcomed new members before taking up Council on Postsecondary Education regulations 13 KAR 2:120 and 13 KAR 2:130. The regulations, as amended by staff and agency amendments, update public university and KCTCS performance funding models to conform to 2024 Senate Bill 191 and the performance funding work group’s recommendations. Changes discussed included replacing the underrepresented minority metric with an underrepresented students metric defined as first-generation students, adding an adult learner metric, increasing the low-income degree premium, adjusting small-school and nonresident credit-hour weights, revising data aging and progression metrics, and adding STEM+H criteria in 13 KAR 2:120. Travis Pal of the Council on Postsecondary Education explained that the changes reflect the work group’s three-year review process and that the work group ultimately voted to define underrepresented students as first-generation students and to apply half-weighting between research and comprehensive universities for the new metric. Michael Frasier of the Kentucky Student Rights Coalition and Eastern Kentucky University student government opposed 13 KAR 2:120, arguing that the regulation improperly applies weights where the statute does not clearly authorize them and that the funding changes disadvantage comprehensive universities and vulnerable students. He asked the committee to find the regulation deficient or, alternatively, recommend legislative clarification and a revised fiscal analysis. Pal responded that weighting has been part of the model since 2017, that CPE was following the statute and work group recommendations, and that the model could be changed by future legislation. Members asked about the timing of the broader performance funding review, and Pal said the full model is reviewed every three years, with the next work group cycle beginning in 2026. No motion to find the regulation deficient was made, and the committee allowed the regulations to proceed to the committee of jurisdiction. The committee then approved a staff amendment to Teachers’ Retirement System regulations 102 KAR 1:195 and 102 KAR 1:340, which require annual reporting of accumulated sick leave, leave policies, and salary schedules to TRS and make technical changes to the final average salary calculation and related definitions.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Legislative Commission on Pensions and Retirement - 05/05/26

Minnesota Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • ><c> contributions</c> it decreases the employee contributions it decreases the employee contributions
  • So, this is just a sub plan for state employees.
  • So, this would be for county and city employees.
  • Is the employee going to be paying 8%, or is it going to be slightly higher than that?
  • </c> public employees retirement association. public employees retirement association.
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
WY

Wyoming 2026 Regular Session

Senate Judiciary Committee, February 17, 2026

Judiciary

Transcript Highlights:
  • ><c> breached</c><00:52:57.760><c> their</c> that that employee breached their that that employee breached
  • , including the University of employees, including the University of Wyoming.
  • And this is for that employee or action.
  • ,</c><01:30:19.360><c> contractor,</c> if applicable, any employee, contractor, if applicable, any employee
  • ,</c> necessary to make that employee, necessary to make that employee, contractor,<01:30:24.639><c>
Bills: SF0087 , SF0088 , SF0092
Committee: Senate Judiciary
AZ
Transcript Highlights:
  • Madam Whip and members, Senate Bill 1415 prescribes specified qualifications for salaried employees of
  • Madam Whip and members, Senate Bill 1435 makes public schools in Arizona, public libraries, employees
  • It also prohibits an Arizona public library employee or independent contractor from referring or facilitating
  • Madam what member sent a bill 1435 makes public schools in Arizona public libraries employees or their
  • the court, in proceedings for court-ordered evaluation or court-ordered treatment, to authorize an employee
Keywords: 1182, all
Summary: The Republican caucus reviewed a long list of Senate bills and one House concurrent memorial, most of them described as third-read consent items. Topics included claims against the state, CPA licensing, creditor assignments, insurance adjuster licensing, school equivalency instruction, extending a credit enhancement board, firearm safety instruction in schools, student eligibility restrictions for school activities, Celebrate Freedom Week, release-time courses, voter registration roll access, campaign and disclosure mailing addresses, federal land designation tracking, public records review standards, workers’ compensation burial and death benefits, condominium flag displays, restrictions on sexually explicit material in schools and libraries, agency guidance posting, standardized state hiring, mental health court-ordered treatment procedures, autopsy supervision, tribal MOUs, controlled substance scheduling, emergency medical technician data privacy, dense breast tissue notice repeal, assisted living referral agency requirements, attorney disciplinary claims, fentanyl penalties, campus firearms rules, suppressors, defamation standards, mandatory reporting, attorney licensing, emergency service fee limits, forcible detainer changes, utility worker assault penalties, water basin reporting, small modular nuclear reactors, water recovery assumptions, ICE notification after arrests, military police certification pathways, and scholarship organization tax credits. Most bills were presented without debate and were noted as available for questions, with no votes taken in the caucus itself. A few items drew discussion. On SB 1040, members asked what information would be redacted from voter registration rolls; staff said existing statutory redactions such as voter registration numbers, ID numbers, Social Security numbers, and other personal identifying information would remain. SB 1193 prompted comments that EMT data being open source was surprising and that the issue might be expanded to paramedics. SB 1243 was described as strengthening guardian notification rights in court-ordered treatment, and SB 1318 was characterized as a cleanup measure to remove redundant state notice requirements for dense breast tissue. The most extended exchange came on SB 1148, which would require the Arizona Supreme Court to directly license attorneys rather than delegate that function to another organization; members asked whether the bill was shifting responsibility away from the State Bar, and staff explained that the court already has the duty but currently staffs part of the process out. SB 1418, which limits county regulation of certain small modular nuclear reactor projects, drew criticism from one member who argued it would reduce local control. The caucus also heard a sponsor presentation on H.C.M. 2009 urging Congress and the President to amend the Antiquities Act, compensate states for subsurface minerals, and streamline mining permits, with the sponsor emphasizing Arizona’s mining history and the need to access mineral resources more easily.