Video & Transcript : 'curriculum development' :

Page 364 of 500
NH

New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session

House Municipal and County Government (01/20/2026)

Municipal and County Government

Transcript Highlights:
  • Um, so if I have a pumper truck, let's say, but a new development comes in or a few new developments
  • Um, so if I have a pumper truck, let's say, but a new development comes in or a few new developments
  • a developer not a developer<00:21:26.640><c> but</c> developer but developer but come<00:21:28.559><
  • </c><00:39:07.680><c> or</c> means future economic development or means future economic development or
  • ,</c> and development, and development, OPD<02:41:00.080><c> for</c><02:41:00.319><c> short.
Keywords: 1189, house, all
ND

North Dakota 2026 1st Special Session

Legislative Audit and Fiscal Review Committee Mar 24th, 2026

Legislative Audit and Fiscal Review Committee

Transcript Highlights:
  • We have RD, rural development. So we have a lot of audits.
  • We have RD, rural development. So we have a lot of audits.
  • One has already developed a process.
  • groups to work within their regions for development.
  • So that's where I kind of look at the name of the development fund or development grants and think it's
Summary: The Legislative Audit and Fiscal Review Committee met to receive a series of audit presentations, beginning with approval of the prior meeting minutes and a review of the state’s annual comprehensive financial report (ACFR) for fiscal year 2025. The State Auditor’s Office and the Office of Management and Budget reported a clean opinion on the state’s financial statements and described continued growth in net position, strong general fund balance, and significant Legacy Fund investment income. Committee members asked about how the report reflects long-term finances and how North Dakota compares with other states, and OMB noted that the ACFR is based on audited actual results rather than budget forecasts. The committee then heard the North Dakota University System audit, which also received a clean opinion but included four findings: misreporting of Strategic Investment and Improvements Fund construction money, insufficient monitoring of service organizations, improper bank reconciliations at several campuses, and investment/cash recording issues at Bismarck State College. University System officials agreed with the findings and said corrective actions were underway, including internal review of bank reconciliations and greater use of shared services. Members also questioned practices such as campus use of certificates of deposit and whether repeated findings were being adequately addressed. Additional audits were presented for the State Fair Association, State Auditor’s Office, Workforce Safety and Insurance, Housing Finance Agency, Housing Incentive Fund, Job Service North Dakota, the Retirement and Investment Office, PERS, the Center for Distance Education, the Securities Department, the Commission on Legal Counsel for Indigents, the Ethics Commission, and the Office of Administrative Hearings. Most received clean opinions with no findings; exceptions included a repeat component-unit issue at the State Fair Foundation, a securities personnel-evaluation finding, and a Housing Finance Agency finding involving a late return of escrow surplus. The committee also discussed broader oversight issues, including the need for independent auditing of the Ethics Commission, possible legislative changes to give the State Auditor more subpoena power and independent legal counsel, and future work on data analytics, cybersecurity reviews, and audit capacity. The meeting recessed for lunch after these discussions.
NH

New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session

House Finance (02/02/2026)

Finance

Transcript Highlights:
  • </c> Bureau of Child Development. Bureau of Child Development.
  • developing developing the<00:12:44.720><c> application</c><00:12:46.000><c> with</c><00:12:46.480><c
  • of the Child Care and Development Fund.
  • They childare and development fund.
  • </c> funding the child care and development funding the child care and development fund. federal<01:18
Committee: House Finance
Keywords: 1189, house, all
US

US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

US House Floor Proceedings (Tuesday, June 23, 2026)

US Federal House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • From launching astronauts into space to developing new technologies here at home, innovation is part
  • Uh, these developments raise questions about the extent to which existing cybersecurity resources and
  • investment, and support the development of innovative Support the development of innovative housing
  • The bill finally codifies the Community Development Block Grant Disaster Recovery program, which will
  • This is the only country in the developed world that has issues so severe as this.
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Committee on Health Care Financing Jun 21st, 2026 at 10:00 am

Joint Committee on Health Care Financing

Transcript Highlights:
  • Workforce development, training, and we know and understand that your health is your wealth.
  • It also helped in terms of research and developing a treatment.
  • We are proud to have our research and development facility in Waltham, Massachusetts.
  • But each charge— Under Secretary for Equity for Labor and Workforce Development, each charge was developing
  • This is workforce development in action. We need to scale it.
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The Joint Committee on Health Care Financing held a public hearing on a large docket of bills focused on MassHealth benefits and reimbursement, health equity, behavioral health, public health, dental access, 340B drug pricing, tobacco cessation, and coverage for children. The chairs emphasized rising health care costs, provider shortages, administrative burdens, and persistent inequities by income, race, geography, and immigration status. Much of the testimony centered on H.1416/S.901, an act to advance health equity, with legislators and members of the Health Equity Compact arguing for statewide benchmarks, stronger health equity leadership, reimbursement for interpreter services, community health workers and patient navigation, Medicaid graduate medical education support, and a health equity zone trust fund. Witnesses described disparities in life expectancy, maternal mortality, access to primary care, and the impact of federal Medicaid and social service cuts, and urged the committee to report the bill favorably. The committee also heard strong support for H.1368/S.847 on rapid whole genome sequencing for critically ill MassHealth children. Testifiers from industry, academia, hospitals, and families said early sequencing can end long diagnostic odysseys, improve treatment decisions, shorten hospital stays, and save money, while also providing emotional relief and information for families. The hearing then moved to H.1407 on MassHealth rate parity for inpatient behavioral health providers, where Rep. Scanlan and the Massachusetts Association of Behavioral Health Systems said the bill would codify existing administrative parity so managed care plans cannot pay less than the MassHealth fee-for-service rate. On H.1392/S.853 to preserve and protect public health, witnesses supported higher vaccine administration fees to improve provider participation and immunization rates. The committee also heard testimony on H.770/845 to protect 340B providers in MassHealth, and on S.848 to require reporting and transparency around 340B revenues and outside administrative costs. Additional bills drew testimony on tobacco cessation coverage for MassHealth members, with advocates supporting broader access to counseling and medications through medical, behavioral health, and dental providers. On H.1409, a nursing home operator asked for more flexibility in a MassHealth staffing-related penalty tied to patient days per resident. On H.1401/S.888, supporters of the “Take 10” dental access proposal said adult MassHealth dental coverage is underused because too few dentists accept MassHealth, leading to long travel times and avoidable emergency room visits; they urged incentive payments for dentists serving new adult MassHealth patients. Finally, on H.1403/S.855, “Cover All Kids,” advocates and immigrant community members urged removal of immigration status as a barrier to full MassHealth coverage for children, while also backing a related bill to ensure 12 months of continuous coverage for children. No votes were taken during the hearing; the committee primarily received testimony and asked questions on costs, reimbursement levels, and implementation details.
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • So I think this is all in development. This is our first time working on this.
  • There were some delays in site development and staffing and shifting funding structures.
  • Counties are required to develop three-year plans.
  • But the intent is to develop the full process and the... date funding.
  • But the intent is to develop the full process and the The intent is to develop the full process and the
Summary: The subcommittee heard presentations from the Department of State Hospitals (DSH), the Commission for Behavioral Health, and the Department of Health Care Services (DHCS) on budget proposals and implementation updates. DSH outlined its proposed 2026-27 budget, including funding for patient operating expenses, IST solutions savings, conditional release program costs, LPS bed allocation changes, electrical infrastructure projects at Napa and Patton, SB 380 transitional housing feasibility work, and expanded dental services at Metropolitan and Patton. DSH also reported that it has met court-ordered IST treatment benchmarks in the Stiavedi v. Clinton case, with average time to initiate treatment down to about five days and pending placements reduced to roughly 250, while noting that Proposition 36 could increase referrals and SB 1323 may divert some individuals earlier into community-based treatment. Members asked about rising outside hospitalization costs, Medicare enrollment, the timing and structure of capital projects, and whether IST solution funds are being fully used; DSH said the savings reflect slower-than-expected ramp-up of community programs and that the Central California FACT replacement program is still on track for January 2027 activation. The Commission for Behavioral Health described its role under the Behavioral Health Services Act (BHSA), including data, evaluation, grantmaking, technical assistance, and transparency work. It highlighted the new statewide Innovation Partnership Fund, a five-year, $20 million-per-year program with small and large grant categories; the first RFA drew strong interest, with more than 400 questions and over 1,000 bidders’ conference participants. The Commission also discussed a proposed extension to spend down about $4.1 million remaining for the Alcove Youth Drop-in Center grants so sites can finish implementation and Stanford can complete the final evaluation. Members asked about grant duration, whether projects can be renewed, what qualifies as innovation, and whether the fund could support service delivery rather than awareness campaigns or training; the Commission said awards are expected to be three-year contracts and that proposals must be new or meaningfully expanded approaches that support BHSA priority populations. DHCS reviewed major behavioral health changes under CalAIM and BH Connect, including peer support, mobile crisis, contingency management, traditional health care practices for tribal members, updated specialty mental health access criteria, and new substance use treatment standards based on ASAM’s fourth edition. DHCS reported strong contingency management results, with more than 13,000 members served and 95% testing negative for stimulant use during treatment, and said 21 Indian health care providers have been approved to offer traditional health care practices. It also described BH Connect initiatives such as the $1.9 billion access reform and outcomes incentive program, workforce investments, evidence-based practice expansion, IMD participation by four counties, and transitional rent services. On BHSA implementation, DHCS said it is not tracking individual county contract cuts but is monitoring county plans and statewide outcomes, while stakeholders raised concerns about local prevention and service gaps. DHCS also outlined its H.R. 1 implementation strategy, including outreach, streamlined renewals, exemptions for disabled, substance use, and medically frail individuals, and proposed clinic navigator and outreach funding; it said it has not yet produced a focused estimate of H.R. 1 impacts on behavioral health populations. The discussion ended with DHCS noting that B-CHIP bond funding has supported 437 infrastructure projects, creating 546 new or expanded facilities and more than 9,500 residential beds across the state.
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • So I think this is all in development. And so this is our first time working on this.
  • There were some delays in site development and staffing and shifting funding structures.
  • We'd be developing social media toolkits... Strategy to raise awareness.
  • But the intent is to develop the full process and the... ...process, but the intent is to develop the
  • They develop a safety plan with a member and their family.
Summary: The subcommittee heard budget and policy updates from the Department of State Hospitals, the Commission for Behavioral Health, and the Department of Health Care Services. DSH described its proposed 2026-27 budget of $3.2 billion, including savings tied to IST solutions, higher patient-driven operating costs, and a small increase in caseload projections. Officials said the department has met court-ordered IST treatment benchmarks, with wait times reduced from a pandemic peak of 1,953 pending placements to about 250, and average treatment initiation now around five days. Members asked about the effects of Proposition 36 and SB 1323, rising outside hospitalization costs, Medicare enrollment, and whether IST solution funding was being overbudgeted; DSH said referrals are slightly down overall, aging and medically complex patients are driving outside care costs, and the IST solution savings reflect slower-than-expected program activation rather than a service gap. The department also outlined proposed funding for CONREP cost increases, a new county-by-county LPS bed allocation model, electrical infrastructure upgrades at Napa and Patton, SB 380 transitional housing feasibility work, and additional dental staffing and space at Metropolitan and Patton. The Commission for Behavioral Health reviewed its role in the Behavioral Health Services Act transition and its new Innovation Partnership Fund. Staff said the commission is shifting from county-level innovation oversight to a statewide grant strategy, with the first $20 million RFA drawing strong interest and awards expected in mid-June. Members asked how “innovation” would be defined, whether grants could be renewed after the initial three-year contracts, and how the state would ensure the money supports real service delivery rather than general outreach or training. The commission also sought a liquidation deadline extension for the Alcove youth drop-in center grants so remaining funds can be spent before they revert, allowing sites to finish implementation and support the final evaluation. DHCS provided an overview of CalAIM and BH Connect implementation, including updated specialty mental health access criteria, new ASAM-based substance use treatment standards, contingency management, traditional health care practices for tribal members, workforce investments, evidence-based practice expansion, IMD participation, and transitional rent services. The department also addressed BHSA implementation, saying it does not track specific local program cuts but will monitor county three-year plans, performance measures, and outcomes as counties shift to the new funding structure. On H.R. 1, DHCS said it is preparing outreach, eligibility simplification, and exemption strategies to reduce Medi-Cal coverage losses, including clinic navigators, a statewide outreach campaign, and possible employment supports through a future waiver. The department also reported that BH-CHIP bond funds have supported 437 infrastructure projects, creating 546 facilities and more than 9,500 residential beds, with additional outpatient capacity and tribal investments. Finally, DHCS outlined a proposed 988 trailer bill to create a statewide designation process for 988 centers and mobile crisis teams, with implementation no earlier than October 1, 2027.
TX

Texas 89th 2nd C.S.

Energy Resources Mar 17th, 2025

Energy Resources

Transcript Highlights:
  • We also, uh, have, uh, uh, provided, uh, have developed, um, the injection and pore pressure reporting
  • Assistant deputy executive administrator from the Texas Water Development Board as well.
  • It is fairly new in development.
  • We were talking about developing a technology to find plastic pipe in the ground. Got any ideas?
  • Uh, the development is tremendous on what's going on right now.
Bills: HB206
TX

Texas 89th 2nd C.S.

S/C on Telecommunications & Broadband May 2nd, 2025

S/C on Telecommunications & Broadband

Transcript Highlights:
  • That being said, the reason why I'm here is that there is an ongoing broadband development project in
  • Uh, broadband development was a cool thing in the legislature.
  • She's doing this kind of on, uh, just as a side project as being the economic development director for
  • With the Broadband Development Office. He is the director.
  • Um, Greg Conte, director of the Broadband Development Office here as a witness testifying neutral on
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Safeguarding human intelligence and employment in labor displacement HF4369 Mar 17th, 2026

Minnesota House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • with the hope that we can really then pivot to becoming leaders in the responsible and ethical development
  • Right now, we know that this is being developed in secret in most cases and for profit.
  • in secret in this is being developed in secret in most<00:12:26.959><c> cases</c><00:12:28.160><c> um
  • </c><00:12:45.839><c> So,</c><00:12:46.079><c> thank</c> economic development piece.
  • So, thank economic development piece. So, thank you. you. you.
Keywords: 1183, house
WA

Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Floor Session Mar 12th, 2026 at 02:00 pm

Washington Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Richland, where he quickly established himself as a thoughtful advocate for innovation, workforce development
  • Olympia and promoting policies that strengthen agriculture, economic opportunity, and regional development
  • Olympia and promoting policies that strengthen agriculture, economic opportunity, and regional development
  • Senate express its sincere gratitude for Senator Banke's contributions to innovation, workforce development
  • . we are blessed. and in economic development.
Bills: SCR8410 , SCR8410
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

FL House Floor Session - 2025-04-16 (2:00PM Session)

Florida House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • This bill allows portions of flexibly zoned areas such as plan unit developments to accommodate Live
  • Local developments.
  • It makes a clarification on the administrative process for Live Local developments: they may not require
  • to delay permitting or construction of Live Local developments, specifies only to municipalities in
  • The amendment allows a proposed affordable housing development on property developed and maintained as
Summary: The Senate opened with a prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, doctor and guest introductions, and then moved to the special order calendar. Early bills passed included measures on the Florida Trust Code (SB 806/HB 1173), school district reporting requirements and educator misconduct reporting (SB 1374), debt collection email communications (SB 232), service of process updates (SB 576/HB 157), public lodging and food service establishments (SB 606), lien waivers and releases (SB 658), Crime Stoppers public records exemptions (SB 710), health care licensure and foreign-country business interests (SB 768, amended), diabetes management in schools (SB 772/HB 597), platting procedures (SB 784), fentanyl testing in hospitals (SB 1346/HB 1195), third-party reservation platforms (SB 940), electronic landlord-tenant notices (SB 1164/HB 615), leaving the scene of a crash restitution (SB 1378/HB 479), background screening for athletic coaches (SB 1546), surrendered infants and infant safety devices (SB 1690/HB 791), and affordable housing/Live Local Act changes (SB 1730, amended). Several other bills were temporarily postponed, including measures on trespass, higher education, transportation services, the UCC, altered sexual depictions, firearms during emergencies, Brownfields, false reporting, health care billing, motor vehicles, utility services, and others. Most of the debate centered on a few controversial bills. Senators debated the fentanyl testing bill in support of faster detection and life-saving treatment, and the surrendered infants bill drew opposition over safety, anonymity, and liability concerns, though supporters argued baby boxes provide a monitored safe surrender option. The affordable housing bill received an amendment and broad support as a continuation of the Live Local Act, with changes to zoning, parking, height, and litigation procedures. The day’s most contentious measure was the agriculture/consumer services package (SB 700), where senators argued over the bill’s fluoride-related preemption; opponents criticized the policy and process, while the sponsor emphasized broader agriculture, consumer protection, and FFA-related provisions. That bill passed 27-9. Votes on the other major bills were largely bipartisan and often unanimous or near-unanimous, with several bills passing 35-37 yeas and few or no nays. The Senate also adopted a motion to immediately certify all bills passed that day to the House. The session concluded with announcements recognizing visitors, including Taiwan representatives, and remarks about a lantern-lighting observance tied to the 250th anniversary of Paul Revere’s ride, followed by adjournment until the next scheduled meeting.
HI

Hawaii 2025 Regular Session

AGR Public Hearing - Fri Apr 11, 2025 @ 10:30 AM HST

Agriculture & Food Systems

Transcript Highlights:
  • And next up in person, we have Wendy Gaty of the Agriculture Development Corporation.
  • Wendy Gaty of um Agriculture<00:14:35.440><c> Development</c><00:14:36.000><c> Corporation.
  • </c> Agriculture Development Corporation. Agriculture Development Corporation.
  • Uh, Wendy Gaty with the Agribusiness Development Corporation. Thank you.
  • biodiversity develop a national biodiversity strategy.<00:25:00.960><c> Uh,</c><00:25:01.360><c> we<
Keywords: 910, house, all
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Agriculture committee considers HF653 2/17/25

Transcript Highlights:
  • In some cases, like robotic dairies, they have specific faculty who are professionally developed in those
  • In some cases, like robotic dairies, they have specific faculty who are professionally developed in those
  • In some cases, like robotic dairies, they have specific faculty who are professionally developed in those
  • developed to handle multiple<00:15:53.399><c> subjects</c><00:15:53.839><c> and</c><00:15:53.959><c>
  • in those areas are specialized developed in those areas are specialized so<00:16:02.720><c> we</c><00
Keywords: 1183, house
FL

Florida 2025 Regular Session

Agriculture Feb 11th, 2025

Transcript Highlights:
  • seeing more opportunities like the Stan Mayfield grant working waterfronts are being sold off to developers
  • our extension strategy, taking the great research that's been developed and then try to figure out how
  • are were the ones that are probably, but for the most part, trying to figure out how we're going to develop
  • And do we have Mister Chair and we have all of the and the program developer or their improvements that
  • Our understanding of of the conservation easement is that the fee that we pay for the development rights
Keywords: 999, senate, all
FL
Transcript Highlights:
  • CARE PLANS AND THAT REALLY IS A UNIQUE CONCEPT IN THAT THESE INTERDISCIPLINARY TEAMS DEVELOP THE CARE
  • PLAN TO DEVELOP COMMUNITY BASED ALTERNATIVES WHENEVER POSSIBLE.
  • THEY ARE USED IN THE RATE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS.
  • I CAN FOLLOW UP TO SEE IF WE ALSO RECEIVE AUDIT FINANCIAL STATEMENTS BUT IN ORDER TO DEVELOP THE RATES
  • TELE DENTISTRY CONSULTATIONS ARE HEALTHY FOR DEVELOPING TREATMENT PLANS AND IN OFFICE VISITS AS WELL
Keywords: 999, senate, all
FL

Florida 2026 5th Special Session

Senate in Session Apr 9th, 2025

Florida Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Again, that emphasis on workforce development.
  • economic development activities of our... ...resources.
  • economic development activities of our state.
  • Land development regulations and comp plan amendments have.
  • But significant parts of society were developed without these.
Summary: The Senate opened with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, doctor and guest introductions, and then took up Committee Substitute for Senate Bill 168, the Tristan Murphy Act, on mental health. Senator Bradley described the bill as a major criminal justice and behavioral health reform measure that would expand pretrial mental health diversion, strengthen treatment-based probation conditions, broaden grant uses for mental health and substance abuse programs, add Hillsborough County to a forensic hospital diversion pilot, require certain DOC mental health evaluations, and create a Florida Behavioral Health Data Repository. Senators from both parties spoke in strong support, emphasizing treatment over incarceration, public safety, data collection, and the Murphy family’s role in advancing the bill. The Senate passed the bill 37-0 and then approved 37 co-sponsors. The chamber then received the Senate’s 2025-26 General Appropriations Bill, SB 2500, with Chair Hooper outlining a $117.4 billion budget that he said reduces spending, preserves reserves, and includes major investments in water quality, transportation, education infrastructure, and reporting requirements. Committee chairs summarized their portions: K-12 funding at $34.7 billion with increases for FEFP, scholarships, VPK, school hardening, and school safety; higher education at $11.5 billion with workforce, nursing, reading, autism, and student aid investments; health and human services with a $1.8 billion increase for Medicaid, mental health, opioid response, disability services, and veterans programs; criminal and civil justice at $7.6 billion for corrections, juvenile justice, law enforcement, courts, and judgeships; transportation/tourism/economic development at about $18 billion including roads, housing, Visit Florida, and cultural grants; and agriculture/environment/general government with major Everglades, water quality, citrus, food bank, and agency IT funding. Members then questioned several budget items, especially education funding formulas, the shift of scholarship dollars below the line, the impact on public school districts, AP/IB and other accelerated program funding, the APD wait list, opioid settlement spending, arts grants, and the My Safe Florida Home and condo pilot programs. Chairs generally said scholarship and accelerated-program dollars were being restructured for transparency and flexibility rather than cut, that school districts would still receive funding based on enrollment, and that APD and other human services issues would continue to be worked out in conference. The budget discussion concluded with remarks praising staff and noting a 4% across-the-board pay raise for state employees and targeted increases for law enforcement and firefighters, followed by a recognition for FAMU Day at the Capitol.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Labor - 03/13/25

Labor

Transcript Highlights:
  • It also includes $5 million in the first year and $2 million in the second from the Workforce Development
  • We regulate and help develop new programs.
  • </c> program I've been working to develop program I've been working to develop apprenticeship<00:26:55.679
  • The development of a registered teacher apprenticeship program is a significant task.
  • , the money for the Workforce Development Fund for youth skills, Workforce Development Fund for administration
Committee: Senate Labor
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
VT

Vermont 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Session - 2026-05-15 - 10:00AM

Vermont Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • </c> So, your Senate Economic Development So, your Senate Economic Development Committee<00:15:23.680
  • Senate Economic Development Your Senate Economic Development Committee<00:15:55.320><c> had</c><00:15
  • </c><00:20:21.920><c> Committee</c> Economic Development Committee Economic Development Committee &gt
  • , development, development, very<01:46:37.800><c> large</c><01:46:38.360><c> and</c><01:46:38.600><c>
  • We don't want that development."
Keywords: 927, senate, all
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Energy, Utilities and Communications Committee Mar 3rd, 2026

Energy, Utilities and Communications

Transcript Highlights:
  • We also have a large ecosystem of largely unregulated developers who build climate goals.
  • It supports economic development and competition, but most system costs ultimately flow to customers
  • We've been making lots of progress on resource development.
  • Outcomes are based on record development and analysis. Affordability is addressed.
  • Outcomes are based on record development and analysis.
Summary: The Senate Committee on Energy, Utilities and Communications held an oversight hearing focused on electric rates, utility regulation, affordability, wildfire costs, and the California Public Utilities Commission’s role. Chair and members framed the discussion around the challenge of transitioning to a cleaner grid while maintaining reliability and keeping bills affordable. The hearing also served as the annual update from the CPUC and the Public Advocates Office, with testimony from Professor Severin Borenstein and CPUC President-designate Alice Reynolds. Borenstein gave a primer on utility regulation, explaining that generation is largely deregulated while transmission and distribution remain regulated, and that most rate-setting follows cost-of-service regulation. He emphasized that the hardest issue is setting the allowed return on equity: too high can raise bills and encourage capital-heavy spending, while too low can deter investment and harm reliability. He argued there is no silver bullet, said performance-based regulation and price caps have limits, and suggested some costs now charged through electric bills—such as climate programs, low-income subsidies, and wildfire-related public policy costs—might more appropriately be paid through the state budget. Reynolds described the CPUC’s oversight role, saying the commission reviews utility spending through general rate cases, balancing accounts, and other proceedings, and that affordability is addressed through front-end scrutiny, post-spend accountability, and legislative direction. She highlighted wildfire mitigation as a major driver of rate increases, noted recent progress on clean energy procurement and battery storage, and said the CPUC is working on return-on-equity decisions, FERC advocacy on transmission costs, and implementation of SB 254 and other statutes. Members pressed on a range of issues, including wildfire securitization, load growth from EVs and data centers, gas-system stranded assets, balancing accounts, and a water-service dispute in Keene involving Union Pacific. No votes were taken; the hearing was informational, with several follow-up commitments from the CPUC to provide data and updates.