Transcript Highlights:

• </c><01:15:34.840><c> Cart</c> Treatment systems into the Wild Cart and integrate that.
• , but the standard wild cart as is<01:16:50.480><c> can</c><01:16:50.680><c> do</c><01:16:50.840><c>
• So again, it's the adaptability of<01:17:09.120><c> that</c><01:17:09.360><c> wild</c><01:17:09.600><
• </c><01:18:01.080><c> cart</c> may have seen the size of the wild cart may have seen the size of the
• wild cart in<01:18:01.400><c> one</c><01:18:01.520><c> of</c><01:18:01.600><c> the</c><01:18:01.680><

Bills: SB8

Committee: Joint Natural Resources & Energy

Keywords: utilities, public service commission, energy regulation, appointment, emergency declaration, tax increases, consumer protection, The first couple minutes of the livestream was cut off. This recording restored the beginning of the meeting Meeting Start 00:00:00 Attendance Roll Call 00:00:51 Approval of Minutes 00:02:07 Legislator Comments 00:02:18 LIHEAP Public Hearing 00:04:19 PSC Update on RS 26 SB 8 00:32:18 WaterStep Presentation 01:04:08, 958, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Brent Bird. Yes, sir. Show you as Brent Bird.
• My name is Brent Bird. I own a company called This, That, CBD.
• Brent Bird? Okay. We show you as Brent Bird, on behalf of This That CBD and self, against the bill.
• My name is Brent Bird. I own a company called This That CBD.
• Bird. Members, any questions for Mr. Bird? Seeing none, thank you for being here.

Bills: SB 3 , HB28 , SB3

Committee: House State Affairs

Keywords: flash flood, flood warning, outdoor warning siren, emergency alert, disaster preparedness, flood mitigation, Hill Country floods, Texas Water Development Board, municipalities, counties, local government mandate, public safety, grant program, backup power, weather siren, emergency management, flood-prone area, warning system, hemp regulation, consumable products

Transcript Highlights:

• west style amendment possibility wild west style amendment possibility into<00:35:14.640><c> the</c>
• It doesn't have to be the wild west. We can choose.
• It doesn't have to be<00:36:04.000><c> the</c><00:36:04.120><c> wild</c><00:36:04.440><c> west.
• </c><00:36:05.360><c> We</c><00:36:05.560><c> can</c><00:36:05.880><c> choose</c> be the wild west.
• We can choose be the wild west.

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• Members, I'd like to introduce you to Friends of the Salt River Wild Horses.
• here at a rally this morning that was about 100 people in support of protection for the Salt River Wild
• It will alter plant species; disease spreads when we eliminate a predator in the wild, and we will have
• It will alter plant species; disease spreads when we eliminate a predator in the wild, and we will have
• Furthermore, yes, these are wild animals. I absolutely agree. And they do what wild animals do.

Summary: The House convened, opened with prayer and the Pledge of Allegiance, approved the prior journal, and recognized the Doctor of the Day, Dr. Sarah Coles. Members also introduced a number of guests in the gallery, including representatives from the Arizona LEND Program, Friends of the Salt River Wild Horses, and other visitors. The House then received communications from the Governor and moved into Committee of the Whole to consider Calendar One. In Committee of the Whole, members debated SB 1280, a bill concerning Mexican gray wolves and the use of public funds to transport them. An amendment offered by Representative Gutierrez, nicknamed the “Cruella DeVille Act,” was adopted after extended discussion about wolf conservation, ecosystem impacts, and whether the bill would interfere with wildlife recovery efforts. The underlying bill then received a due pass recommendation. The committee also recommended due pass for SB 1418 and SB 1785, and the House later adopted the Committee of the Whole report, placing SB 1280, SB 1418, and SB 1785 on third reading while retaining SB 1200 on the calendar. The House then considered Calendar Two. SB 1053, dealing with concealed carry permit fees, drew debate over whether the fee reduction was revenue-neutral and whether the bill should instead focus on training requirements; it received a due pass recommendation. SB 1259 also received due pass without debate. SB 1372, relating to health care provider recruitment and anesthesia access, was amended and then recommended do pass. SB 1475, which would bar students convicted of certain serious offenses from participating in interscholastic activities, prompted strong debate over student discipline versus second chances, and it too received a due pass recommendation. SB 1478 received a technical floor amendment changing its effective date and was then recommended do pass as amended. The House adopted the committee report, sending SB 1053, SB 1259, and SB 1475 to third reading and properly engrossing SB 1372 and SB 1478. On third reading, the House passed SB 1078, SB 1107, SB 1123, and SB 1142. SB 1142, a federal education tax credit bill, generated the most debate, with opponents arguing it would divert resources from public schools and primarily benefit wealthier families, while supporters said it would not affect state revenues and would allow Arizona families to benefit from an existing federal credit. The final vote on SB 1142 was 33 ayes to 26 nays, and the House then adjourned until 10 a.m. on Wednesday, April 8, 2026.

Transcript Highlights:

• of Conservation Florida, is a six-generation Floridian who is passionate about protecting Florida's wild
• of Conservation Florida, is a six-generation Floridian who is passionate about protecting Florida's wild
• We're going to lose wild Florida if we don't have these ranches.
• We work across the state from Pensacola to the Florida Keys, protecting water and wildlife and wild places
• stunning landscapes I've seen, and in this role, I'm very lucky to have been able to explore a lot of wild

Committee: Senate Agriculture

Summary: The Committee on Agriculture heard two informational presentations before taking up legislation. Tracy Dean of Conservation Florida described the organization’s work protecting wild and working lands, especially ranch and timber lands within the Florida Wildlife Corridor, and argued that agricultural conservation easements are essential to preserving habitat, water resources, family farms, and the corridor itself. Senators discussed how conservation easements can help family operations remain viable across generations, and Dean emphasized strong demand for the Rural and Family Lands Protection Program and Florida Forever funding. Dr. Jamie Ellis of the University of Florida then gave a detailed presentation on honeybees, their role in pollination and Florida agriculture, and major threats such as Varroa mites, queen quality, nutrition issues, hurricanes, and the yellow-legged hornet; senators asked about colony losses, pollination alternatives, and the economic importance of beekeeping in Florida. The committee then considered SB 210 on animal cremation, sponsored by Senator Harrell. The bill was described as a response to a case involving mishandled pet cremation and would require crematories to provide clear disclosures about services, prohibit false or misleading information, and authorize civil penalties enforced by the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. The bill was reported favorably after a roll call vote. Next, the committee took up SJR 318, a joint resolution by Chair Truenow creating a proposed ad valorem tax exemption for tangible personal property used in agricultural production or agritourism on agricultural land and owned by the landowner or leaseholder. Several industry and agency representatives appeared in support, and the resolution was also reported favorably by unanimous vote. The meeting concluded with no further business and adjournment motioned by Senator Rouson.

Transcript Highlights:

• </c><00:20:05.360><c> I</c> particularly wild rice enforcement.
• I particularly wild rice enforcement.
• From a very young age, I grew up eating wild flowers, wild berries, wild plants, and wild herbs directly
• c> wild</c><00:57:19.400><c> plants,</c> wild flowers, wild berries, wild plants, wild flowers, wild
• berries, wild plants, and<00:57:20.720><c> wild</c><00:57:21.160><c> herbs</c><00:57:22.200><c> directly

Committee: Senate Environment, Climate, and Legacy

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• It exempts a donation of wild game meat, including axis deer, by a hunter for use or distribution by
• So this bill is wild game.
• So this<01:00:19.200><c> bill</c><01:00:19.440><c> is</c><01:00:19.680><c> wild</c><01:00:20.000><c>
• </c> this bill is wild game. Thank you. this bill is wild game. Thank you.
• </c> practice um proper field care of wild practice um proper field care of wild game.<01:01:20.480><

Bills: SB2885 , SB2174 , SB2925 , SB2798 , SB2320 , SB2800 , SB1230 , SB2706 , SB3233 , SB2405 , SB2350 , SB2169 , SB3320

Committee: House Agriculture & Food Systems

Keywords: coconut rhinoceros beetle, invasive species, biosecurity, green waste, environmental management, agriculture, quarantine, pest control, transport regulations, Hawaii Revised Statutes, coconut trees, tax credit, natural management, Hawaii, environment, agricultural enforcement, agricultural theft, farm theft, crop theft, commodity theft

Summary: The committee heard testimony on SB 2885 SD1, which would create mandatory handling and storage rules for commercial and residential coconut rhinoceros beetle host material beginning in 2027, with penalties and an effective date. Support came from the Department of Agriculture and Biosecurity, DLNR, Maui County Department of Agriculture, the Hawaii Farm Bureau, Hawaii Farmers Union, and the Office of Hawaiian Affairs. Testifiers generally said the bill would help reduce CRB spread, though some urged additional science-backed methods, better coordination, and technical or cost-share support for smaller operations. Hawaiian Earth Recycling recommended amendments to align the bill with existing Department of Health/EPA composting rules, add other materials that can harbor CRB, allow future approved treatment methods, and replace the bill’s 60-day turning requirement with existing pathogen-reduction standards. One individual supported the goal but argued the state’s CRB strategy has lacked community and cultural consultation and should include a cultural advisement role. Department witnesses said enforcement would rely on inspection and an educate-before-regulate approach, and they noted the challenge of creating enough drop-off sites, especially in rural areas. The committee then took up SB 2174 SD2, which would authorize the Department of Agriculture and Biosecurity to declare an emergency quarantine, halt operations in affected areas for 96 hours with possible extension, quarantine suspected pest areas, issue notices and compensation to affected farmers, and adopt interim transportation rules for materials that may harbor high-impact invasive species. The department and DLNR supported the measure, emphasizing the need for fast action in the first hours of an invasion. Hawaii Farmers Union supported the compensation provisions but asked for stronger communication with producers and a post-action report to the Board of Agriculture after about 90 days to evaluate effectiveness and economic impacts. In response to questions, department staff said the bill would be a short-term, department-only quarantine authority distinct from the governor-declared biosecurity emergency authority enacted previously, and that it could serve as an intermediate step. They also said outreach would need to be done through farm organizations such as Farmers Union, Farm Bureau, and Cattlemen’s groups. The final measure discussed was SB 2925 SD1, relating to coconut trees. The bill would recognize coconut trees as a source of food and water and a cultural treasure, require rules for coconut tree seed banks, require signage identifying landscape palms where applicable, set labeling standards for non-consumable landscape palms, and create an income tax credit for consumable coconut trees maintained through natural management practices. The transcript ended before testimony or action on this bill was completed, and no vote was taken on any of the measures discussed in the portion provided.

Transcript Highlights:

• Dairy facility with a TB outbreak, the H5N1 bird flu, and the dairy cattle.
• and were very effective in advising the community on what to do. to watch for, and we checked any birds

Transcript Highlights:

• industries like biofuels for airplanes and supporting that in a responsible way, or whether it is bird
• However, if there are some bird flu outbreaks, we may need to come together and get updates from the

Bills: HF2446

Committee: House Agriculture Finance and Policy

Keywords: agriculture finance, broadband development, Department of Agriculture, Board of Animal Health, Agricultural Utilization Research Institute, Office of Broadband Development, food safety, food handler license, cottage food, home processed food, livestock dealer, meat packing company, milk marketer, milk marketing license, grain buyer, grain storage, beginning farmer, emerging farmer, farm down payment assistance, livestock investment grant

Transcript Highlights:

• If it's the Wild Wild West, they kind of have to invent it from scratch.
• So I just, you know, the Wild Wild West was referred to earlier.
• So I just, you know, the Wild Wild West was referred to earlier.
• Okay, so I'm hearing about the Wild Wild West. Well, that was, I kind of spoke fast.

Committee: House Local Government

Keywords: 959, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• In the wild, Mr. Chairman, Representative Griffin, the most recent count was 286.
• And that is in the wild. What about in captivity? How many are in captivity? Mr.
• In the wild, Mr. Chairman, Representative Griffin, in the wild, the most In the wild, Mr.
• Chairman, Representative Griffin, in the wild, the most recent count was 286.
• And that is, in the wild, what about in captivity? How many are in captivity? Mr.

Committee: House House Land, Agriculture & Rural Affairs Committee of Reference

Summary: The House Committee on Land, Agriculture, and Rural Affairs began with member and staff introductions, then heard a committee of reference presentation from the Arizona Beef Council. The council described its checkoff-funded promotion, education, and research work for Arizona beef producers, including consumer education, classroom materials, nutrition tours, and social media outreach. After questions about the funding structure and what would happen if the council were not continued, the committee voted to recommend continuation of the Arizona Beef Council for eight years, until July 1, 2034, by voice vote. The committee then considered HB 2155, which also continued the Arizona Beef Council for eight years. Members discussed the purpose of the council and the use of checkoff dollars, and the bill received a due pass recommendation on a 7-1 vote. HB 2156, which appropriated money to the livestock compensation fund for wolf depredation losses, was amended to set the amount at $250,000 for fiscal year 2027 and then passed 5-2, with supporters emphasizing rancher compensation and opponents raising concerns about transparency, conflicts of interest, and whether the fund had fully used prior appropriations. HB 2162, requiring at least one Arizona Game and Fish Commission member to be a cattleman or rancher, drew testimony both for and against. Supporters argued ranchers deserve direct representation on wildlife policy, while opponents said ranchers already have influence through the appointment process and that the commission should represent broader public interests. The chair ultimately announced he would hold the bill rather than advance it at that time. The committee then passed HB 2762, which requires disclaimers on cultivated-cell food products, on a 5-3 vote after debate over federal labeling rules and consumer transparency, and HB 2791, which bans the sale of cell-cultured protein and makes violations a felony, also on a 5-3 vote after testimony about innovation, consumer choice, and concerns about the product’s safety and impact on traditional agriculture. The committee adjourned after completing its agenda.

Transcript Highlights:

• 2023, and it allowed a coordinated, proactive approach to the inevitable conflicts that come when wild
• and pets, keep a safe distance, implement methods proven to actively deter conflicts, and promote wild
• animals' instincts to stay wild.
• Do we want to have some of that wildness in California? I certainly do, but we do...
• Do we want that have some of that wildness in California? I certainly do, but we do.

Committee: Senate Natural Resources and Water

Summary: The committee first heard SB 1135, which would reestablish the California Wildlife Coexistence Program to promote nonlethal human-wildlife conflict reduction and support coexistence efforts for species such as wolves, bears, and mountain lions. Supporters, including wildlife groups and local government representatives, said the prior program was effective and that proactive tools like fladry, guardian animals, deterrents, reporting, and outreach reduce conflicts and costs. Ranching and agricultural groups were opposed unless amended, saying they supported the concept but wanted changes to the wolf-livestock compensation program, including clearer practicability standards, protection of compensation funds, and more flexibility on nonlethal requirements. The bill was moved to Appropriations on a 2-0 vote, with the measure left on call. The committee then took up SB 1085, which would preserve water supply assessments for large development projects even when those projects are exempt from CEQA, so local agencies still receive information about whether sufficient water exists for the project. The author and sponsor argued the bill would keep water planning and land use planning linked and prevent “paper water” problems, while the California Building Industry Association opposed it, warning it could add delay, uncertainty, and litigation risk for housing projects already subject to other water-supply safeguards. Members discussed how the bill would affect different local structures, especially cities that also operate their own water systems, and whether the assessment adds value in those cases. The bill passed 4-1 to Local Government and was left on call. SB 1270 was next, expanding the California wildfire mitigation home-hardening pilot beyond the original six counties to include four additional high-risk counties identified by Cal OES and Cal Fire, and directing future funding toward those areas. Supporters said the recent Los Angeles fires showed the need to broaden access to home-hardening assistance, while members discussed whether the program should remain geographically targeted or be made available statewide based on need. The bill was amended in committee and passed 5-0 to Emergency Management, left on call. Finally, the committee heard SB 895, a major proposal to place a $23 billion bond on the ballot to create a California Foundation for Science and Health Research and stabilize scientific research funding in the state. The author, UC, UAW, and many research, labor, health, and university groups supported the measure, arguing that federal cuts and instability threaten California’s research workforce, innovation, and economy. Some members raised concerns about the size of the bond and about political issues involving one sponsor, but the author said the foundation would operate under California law and the bill is intended to keep science funding open and collaborative. The bill was moved out of committee on a 5-0 vote and left on call.

Transcript Highlights:

• 25.440><c> and</c><01:02:25.680><c> then</c><01:02:25.839><c> we</c><01:02:26.160><c> jump</c> sick bird
• in this case and then we jump sick bird in this case and then we jump to<01:02:27.040><c> the</c><01
• I mean, avian flu, H5N1, whenever there's a flock of birds that's reported, that's dead, we have the
• </c><01:27:04.159><c> We</c> birds that's reported, that's dead.
• We birds that's reported, that's dead.

Keywords: 910, house, all

Summary: The joint informational briefing from the House Committee on Agriculture and Food Systems and the Senate Committee on Agriculture and Environment focused on the Department of Agriculture and Biosecurity’s update on Hawaii’s biosecurity framework, especially implementation of Act 231 (2024) and Act 236 (2025). Chairs Corey Chun and Mike Gabbard opened the meeting by framing the briefing as an update on investments to fight invasive species and improve statewide evaluation and coordination. Department leaders Sharon Her and Richard Kim described historic legislative and executive investments that have allowed the department to rebuild and modernize biosecurity infrastructure to better prevent, detect, control, and eradicate invasive species. The presentation emphasized the importance of biosecurity to Hawaii’s agriculture, economy, environment, and public well-being, citing threats such as rapid ohia death, little fire ant, coconut rhinoceros beetle, brown tree snake, and red imported fire ant. Staff explained the state’s layered approach—pre-border, border, and post-border—and compared it to New Zealand’s model, stressing that Hawaii must act as a “net, not a wall” and that prevention before entry is far more cost-effective than response after establishment. They also outlined agency roles across the system, including agriculture, natural resources, health, transportation, enforcement, and university partners, and noted that Act 231 strengthened authority over high-risk imports, offshore treatment, compliance agreements, and pest management plans, while Act 236 renamed the department and clarified statewide biosecurity coordination. Jonathan Ho then walked through specific program areas and progress. He said pre-border risk analysis is being supported by Act 231 funding and a university contract, while offshore compliance and treatment efforts have improved substantially, including Christmas tree inspections from Oregon and Washington and airline declaration systems that provide advance passenger information. For border work, he highlighted inspections, surveillance, detector dogs, and port monitoring. For post-border response and readiness, he discussed the invasive pest hotline and dashboard, trace-forward/trace-back and diagnostics, preparedness for future threats, and the need to build stronger internal capacity. He also described a developing transitional facilities program authorized by Act 236, modeled on New Zealand’s certified facilities system, and said the department has already begun outreach to industry groups such as the Hawaii Floriculture and Nursery Association. No votes or formal actions were taken; the meeting was informational only.

Transcript Highlights:

• But what we're trying to do is rain and the a wild wild west that exist and they for industry today again
• Without Clear regulatory guidance, responsible operators are left to navigate this wild West environment
• are left to navigate this wild West environment where bad actors can take shortcuts and put consumers
• product and not all of them about the labeling and testing requirements so special that they call it the Wild
• I mean, this is kind of the wild, wild west.

Keywords: 999, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• UNFORTUNATELY WITHOUT CONSISTENT GUARDRAILS MARKET REMAINS A WILD WEST ENVIRONMENT WHERE BAD ACTORS CAN
• ABC ENTERED THE THC BEVERAGE INTERVIEWS MARKET LATER THAN MANY AREA WE STILL HAVE CONCERNS ABOUT THE WILD
• WILD WEST ENVIRONMENT THAT'S OUT THERE.
• AND AN ATTEMPT TO STOP THE WILD WILD WEST OF HEMP SALES.
• WE HEARD TESTIMONY ABOUT TESTING THOSE PRODUCTS AND WE FIND OURSELVES IN THE WILD WILD WEST AND WE HAVE

Keywords: 999, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Members, please remain standing as John Deosmaker, the official anthem singer for the Minnesota Wild,
• official anthem singer for<00:02:53.920><c> the</c><00:02:54.160><c> Minnesota</c><00:02:54.640><c> Wild
• <00:02:55.440><c> will</c><00:02:55.760><c> perform</c><00:02:56.319><c> the</c> for the Minnesota Wild
• , will perform the for the Minnesota Wild, will perform the national<00:02:57.040><c> anthem.

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• at numbers too long in the last couple of days, but looking at your tier one and tier two and early bird—the
• I see that the winter 2024-25 is 799, and then it says early bird 799, off-season 899, and in-season
• says early bird 799 off season 899 and says early bird 799 off season 899 and then<00:27:24.320><c> over
• 00:28:13.720><c> the</c><00:28:14.039><c> tiers</c> You know, first of all, what I'm calling early bird
• prices</c><00:30:07.840><c> you'll</c> Looking at the 2025-2026 prices, you'll see that the early bird

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The Fiscal Committee met on February 21 and first approved the January 30 minutes and the consent calendar, with item 2540 removed by the Department of Education and item 25057 set aside for discussion. The committee then took up FIS 25057, a Department of Transportation request tied to a federal grant for building information modeling and related data standardization across DOT systems. Transportation officials explained that the $2.405 million consultant-heavy request would connect surveying, design, construction, and asset management systems, improve efficiency and long-term asset tracking, and help the department catch up with other states. Several senators questioned the lack of immediate, quantifiable budget savings and the reliance on consultants, but the item was ultimately adopted. The committee next approved FIS 25054 for the Department of Health and Human Services after questioning a $16 million shortfall in the Children’s Health Insurance Program. DHHS explained the variance as a budgeting and accounting issue tied to separating CHIP from Medicaid managed care, pandemic-era continuous enrollment, and the new federal requirement for 12 months of continuous coverage for children. Members also approved a Cannon Mountain fee item, where park officials described a proposed price freeze for early-bird passes, a new in-season tier, and modest increases in off-season pricing, while noting operating cost pressures, strong snow conditions, and favorable customer value ratings. That item was adopted unanimously. The committee also approved the Department of Corrections item after discussion of staffing, retirement eligibility, overtime, and recidivism. Commissioner Helen Hanks said retirement-eligible staff had declined slightly, recruitment was improving, overtime hours were down, one housing floor had been closed because of lower population, and the department had reduced reincarceration by 8% over seven years, which she said produced substantial savings. The item was adopted. During informational items, the committee heard a Legislative Budget Assistant performance audit of the New Hampshire Commission for Human Rights. The audit found the commission inefficient and ineffective in processing complaints, with average case closure taking 840 days, significant backlogs dating back decades, expired administrative rules, weak management controls, disorganized and outdated procedures, unreliable data, and unresolved prior audit findings. The audit included 25 recommendations, two of which may require legislative action. Commission staff said they appreciated the recommendations and expected the additional resources from the prior budget cycle to help address the backlog and improve transparency and efficiency.

Transcript Highlights:

• So for those that may think that this is strictly, you know, a Jim Nash wild-hair idea, maybe Ms.
• So for those that may think that this is strictly, you know, a Jim Nash wild-hair idea, maybe Ms.
• So for those that may think that this is strictly, you know, a Jim Nash wild-hair idea, maybe Ms.
• So for those that may think that this is strictly, you know, a Jim Nash wild-hair idea, maybe Ms.
• So for those that may think that this is strictly, you know, a Jim Nash wild-hair idea, maybe Ms.

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• The next morning, the horse came back with three wild horses.
• The following day, his only son tried to ride one of the wild horses, got thrown, and broke his leg.
• tried to ride one of tame one of<00:01:16.479><c> the</c><00:01:16.560><c> the</c><00:01:16.880><c> wild
• </c><00:01:17.200><c> horses,</c><00:01:17.759><c> got</c><00:01:18.000><c> thrown,</c> of the the wild
• horses, got thrown, of the the wild horses, got thrown, broke<00:01:18.799><c> his</c><00:01:18.960>

Keywords: 926, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Birds and mammals Their environment and can change their sex genetically.
• Birds and mammals also exhibit this biological diversity that defies easy classification.
• us that God's nature is revealed through creation itself, meaning that the fish of the sea and the birds
• God's nature is revealed through creation itself, meaning that the fish of the sea and the birds of

Summary: The House convened with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, and approval of the previous day’s journal by a 132-0 vote. Members then used personal privilege remarks to recognize Black History Month, honor several Black colleagues and public servants, observe a moment of silence for the late Dr. Steven Leon, and deliver a lengthy tribute to the late Freeman Bosley Sr. The chamber also welcomed numerous guests and school groups, including congressional and local officials, mental health advocates, FFA students, championship volleyball players, elementary and junior high students, and other district visitors. The House then took up several bills on third reading. The most contentious debate was over House Committee Substitute for House Bills 1663, 1607, and 1973, which removed a sunset from Missouri’s restrictions on transgender athletes in school sports. Supporters framed it as protecting fairness and women’s sports; opponents argued it targeted a very small number of students, was discriminatory, and distracted from more pressing issues. After extended debate, the measure passed 98-37. The House also passed House Bill 2682, a school-related First Amendment bill, after debate over whether it would protect hateful student speech; it passed 99-47. Lawmakers next passed House Bill 2274, the Interstate Teacher Mobility Compact, to make it easier for teachers to transfer credentials across states, especially for military families, by a vote of 133-13. House Committee Substitute for House Bill 1883, dealing with sales tax on durable medical goods and certain auction items, passed 98-36 after criticism that it was too broad and would benefit high-end auction sales. House Committee Substitute for House Bill 2085, a tobacco preemption bill that also allows localities to enforce a tobacco age of 21, passed 93-43 amid debate over local control and youth tobacco access. House Bill 2145, allowing businesses on two-lane highways to place signs across the road, passed overwhelmingly 142-2. Finally, the House passed House Committee Substitute for House Joint Resolution 169, which would limit state and local spending growth to prior-year levels plus inflation and population growth, with emergency exceptions. Supporters called it a way to restrain government spending and align with the Hancock Amendment; opponents raised concerns about how it could interact with future tax policy, including the proposed income tax elimination plan. The resolution was discussed at length but ultimately advanced by vote.