Transcript Highlights:

• </c> standards and administrative spending. standards and administrative spending.
• </c> commission uses the NFPA standards. commission uses the NFPA standards.
• </c> test all NFPA standards. test all NFPA standards.
• </c> KY's minimum training standards. KY's minimum training standards.
• </c> commission's standards. commission's standards.

Summary: The Legislative Oversight and Investigation Committee met without a quorum, so no votes were taken. Staff presented a study of the Kentucky Fire Commission focused on firefighter minimum training standards and administrative spending. The presentation explained that Kentucky’s training standards are built from NFPA guidelines, that the commission currently requires 115 hours for volunteer firefighters and 300 hours for paid firefighters, and that those reduced hours were adopted by removing electives and other non-NFPA content. Staff also said the commission’s IFSAC certification testing for firefighter 1 and firefighter 2 aligns with NFPA standards, but the commission cannot require local departments to train or certify firefighters. Staff recommended that the commission formally promulgate regulations establishing the reduced training hours and work with KCTCS to better separate administrative costs for certain programs so compliance with the statute can be demonstrated. The finance portion of the report said the commission is funded by general fund appropriations for State Fire Rescue Training and by an insurance premium surcharge that supports the Firefighter Foundation Program Fund. Staff reported that the commission stayed within the 5% administrative cap tied to the overall surcharge allotment, but could not confirm compliance with a separate 5% cap for specific programs because KCTCS accounting does not break out those costs in enough detail. Staff suggested the General Assembly may want to clarify what counts as administrative cost in statute. Members asked about investment returns, local fire department funding, and whether training documentation is required; staff said some of those topics were outside the study scope and that IFSAC testing relies on chief certification that a candidate is ready to test. Representatives from the Fire Commission then responded, saying they agreed with the report’s recommendations and would work to clarify the 5% issue with legislators and KCTCS. They explained that the reduction in training hours was intended to remove electives, better align with NFPA standards, and address the difficulty volunteer departments have in getting members to complete lengthy training. Commission officials said training is documented through rosters and annual compliance reviews, and that IFSAC-certified firefighter testing is based on demonstrated skills rather than a required number of training hours. They also said the difficulty in tracking the second 5% cap stems from the way KCTCS’s PeopleSoft system records reimbursements as single transactions, making it hard to isolate administrative costs by program.

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> are driving the rise in housing costs. are driving the rise in housing costs.
• I oppose House File 3545.
• <00:09:56.399><c> that</c><00:09:56.640><c> improve</c><00:09:56.959><c> housing</c> standards that improve
• housing standards that improve housing affordability,<00:09:58.320><c> comfort,</c><00:09:58.720><c>
• </c> contributor to housing unaffordability. contributor to housing unaffordability.

Transcript Highlights:

• Predictable and uniform standards protect voters. They...
• Predictable and uniform standards protect voters.
• Why would they do fair standards better than we would here?
• And to me, this is inviting a diverging of those standards, whereas now our state redistricting standards
• largely track the federal standards that are in place now.

Bills: SR1 , SM1 , SM6

Committee: Senate Senate Rules

Transcript Highlights:

• </c><00:09:03.000><c> to</c> have um LED in setting standards to have um LED in setting standards to
• We're just applying a standard that's a national standard to the way that we would do this.
• </c><01:12:44.320><c> that</c> original House house F 100 bill that original House house F 100 bill that
• Laws can create more equity between the front of the house and the back of the house.
• </c><01:54:25.679><c> in</c> the house and the back of the house in the house and the back of the house

Committee: Senate Commerce and Consumer Protection

Transcript Highlights:

• We're going to start with House Bill 1986 relating to clean fuel standard.
• Standards. It's a very big challenge. Standards. It's a very big challenge.
• </c> fuel standard. fuel standard.
• First up we have House Bill 1986 relating to a clean fuel standard.
• </c><01:05:46.320><c> I</c><01:05:46.920><c> um</c> House Bill 1986. I um House Bill 1986.

Bills: HB1986 , HB1694 , HB1695 , HB2030 , HB1673

Committee: House Energy & Environmental Protection

Summary: The committee on Energy and Environmental Protection heard testimony on three measures related to cleaner fuels. On HB 1986, which would require the Department of Transportation to adopt rules for a clean fuel standard by January 1, 2028 and include reporting and public informational sessions, testimony was largely supportive from state commissions, fuel companies, airlines, and other industry and advocacy groups. Supporters said the bill would create a long-term framework for reducing emissions and developing cleaner fuels in Hawaii. Opposition came from Energy Justice Network, which argued that so-called clean fuels are not carbon-free, would be costly, and could delay a needed transition to electrification. The department later said it was monitoring the bill and was concerned about costs. No vote or final action was taken in the hearing. The committee then heard HB 1694, a sustainable aviation fuel tax credit bill that would provide a per-gallon credit for SAF, cap annual credits at $20 million, require reporting, and sunset in 2035. The Department of Taxation testified on administration, while the Department of Transportation said it supported the measure as a short-term strategy to jump-start SAF until the clean fuel standard ramps up. Airlines, fuel companies, the Hawaii Food Industry Association, the Hawaii Renewable Fuels Coalition, and others supported the bill, saying it would send a market signal, help close the cost gap with conventional jet fuel, and encourage local production and investment. Opponents, including Energy Justice Network, Life of the Land, and Ted Metros, argued the bill would be expensive, could lock in a transitional fuel system, and would not produce enough fuel to meet demand. Committee members asked about the likely impact and the share of total fuel demand the credit could support; DOT said the supported gallons would be only a very small percentage of annual demand and that the credit was intended to work alongside the future clean fuel standard. Finally, the committee took up HB 1695 HD1 on renewable fuel, which expands the renewable fuels production tax credit. Testimony was again mixed but generally supportive from the Department of Transportation, Department of Taxation, Island Energy Services, airlines, the Tax Foundation, Pana Pacific, and the Hawaii Farm Bureau. Supporters said the measure would encourage local feedstock production, create agricultural opportunities, and help attract investment in renewable fuels. Pana Pacific requested an amendment to explicitly include camelina in the definition of renewable feedstocks. Opponents, including Energy Justice Network and Life of the Land, repeated concerns about cost, imported feedstocks, and the risk of undermining full electrification goals. The hearing transcript does not show any vote or final committee action on HB 1694 or HB 1695 HD1.

Transcript Highlights:

• You serve now in the South Carolina House of Representatives.
• Do you believe we should pursue recklessness standard or annoying standard and the pros and cons?
• I absolutely believe a recklessness standard is superior to a knowing standard.
• What would you propose the new standard be then?
• hasn't had to follow any standard with the protections of 230?

Committee: Senate Senate Judiciary

Keywords: child safety, Big Tech, CSAM, legislation, online exploitation, bipartisan, social media

Summary: The committee meeting focused on the pressing issues surrounding child safety online, with a particular emphasis on recent legislative efforts aimed at curbing child sexual exploitation and harmful content accessible through social media platforms. Senators engaged in a heated discussion regarding the implications of Big Tech's lobbying efforts against vital bills such as the Stop CSAM Act and the Kids Online Safety Act. Noteworthy testimonies highlighted real-life impacts of online dangers, including tragic cases of child exploitation and drug-related fatalities linked to social media interactions. The bipartisan nature of the committee's commitment to address these issues showcased a collective determination to make the digital environment safer for the younger generation.

Transcript Highlights:

• There are standards of care for treatment of addiction.
• of the House and President of the Senate.
• timelines, standardized denial reason codes.
• They required standardized interoperability systems.
• network standards, appointment standards, and our dedicated clinical resolutions team.

Committee: Senate Senate Health and Human Services COR

Summary: The committee approved the minutes and then took up a large agenda of health-related bills. SB 1214, the Arizona Stem Cell Therapy Act, drew extensive testimony from supporters who said it would create guardrails for regenerative medicine, protect patients, and encourage biotech investment, while opponents argued it was tied to abortion politics and imposed harsh penalties. The bill passed on a 4-3 vote. SB 1194, which would prohibit health professionals and institutions from denying care based on vaccination status, also passed 4-3 after testimony from supporters framing it as an access-to-care and religious-freedom measure and opponents warning it would interfere with private practice policies and parental choice. SB 1814, creating a study committee on substance use disorder treatment standards and oversight, passed unanimously 7-0. SB 1602, increasing stipends for kinship foster parents, passed as amended 7-0, and SB 1603, expanding child-only cash assistance eligibility, also passed as amended 7-0. The committee then considered several bills focused on gender-related care and public funding. SB 1177, which bars public monies from funding gender transition procedures and makes intentional violations a felony, passed 4-3 amid testimony that it protects taxpayers and counterarguments that it is discriminatory and unsupported by evidence. SB 1014, requiring insurance coverage for detransition procedures when transition care is covered and directing data reporting on transition and detransition, passed 4-3 after supporters said it would help detransitioners and collect needed data, while opponents argued it would chill providers and target transgender patients. SB 1094, creating civil liability for physicians who perform irreversible gender reassignment surgery on minors, was heard with testimony from supporters citing malpractice concerns and detransitioner harms and from opponents saying it would create a hostile environment for providers and treat trans patients differently; the transcript cuts off before the vote is shown. SB 1752, which classifies commercial harvesting or sale of mescaline as a felony while preserving bona fide religious use defenses, passed unanimously 7-0. Later, SB 1628, requiring insurers to report claims-denial and prior-authorization data and DIFI to publish standardized reports, passed unanimously 7-0 after supporters emphasized transparency and opponents called it redundant to federal reporting. SB 1629, requiring AHCCCS managed care organizations to give advance notice and network-adequacy documentation before terminating high-volume providers without cause, also passed 7-0; supporters said it would prevent patients from losing access to behavioral health care, while health plans and Access said existing oversight already covers much of this and warned the bill could slow necessary network changes. Throughout the meeting, the committee repeatedly adopted motions for due-pass recommendations and, where applicable, amendments, with several bills passing on party-line or near-party-line votes.

Transcript Highlights:

• by the house rules committee the 119 by the house rules committee the 119 by the house rules committee
• because the standard is the standard because the standard is the standard because the standard is the
• is the standard that we can't standard is the standard that we can't standard is the standard that we
• standard a they and we got a standard standard a they and we got a standard standard a they got a standard
• Bill 302 House Bill 302 House Bill 302 House Bill 302 is called the workforce House Bill 302 is called

Bills: HCR 21 , HCR 22 , HCR 23 , HCR 24 , HCR 25 , HCR 26 , HCR 27 , HCR 31 , HCR 41 , HCR 42 , HCR 43 , HCR 44 , HCR 45 , HCR 52 , HCR 53 , HCR 66 , HCR 67 , HCR 73 , HR 8 , HR 10 , HR 13 , HR 20 , HR 21 , HR 50 , HR 59 , HR 61 , HR 71 , HR 74 , HR 79 , HR 84 , HR 86 , HR 90 , HR 91 , HR 102 , HR 103 , HR 107 , HR 113 , HR 125 , HR 126 , HR 132 , HR 142 , HR 145 , HR 149 , HR 150 , HR 152 , HR 167 , HR 179 , HR 181 , HR 183 , HR 186 , HR 192 , HR 196 , HR 199 , HR 207 , HR 211 , HR 212 , HR 213 , HR 216 , HR 249 , HR 256 , HR 259 , HR 261 , HR 263 , HR 272 , HR 281 , HR 285 , HR 294 , HR 295 , HR 300 , HR 305 , HR 311 , HR 313 , HR 315 , HR 316 , HR 323 , HR 331 , HR 339 , HR 340 , HR 346 , HR 349 , HR 352 , HR 357 , HR 358 , HR 360 , HR 363 , HR 374 , HR 377 , HCR 20 , HCR 28 , HCR 30 , HCR 32 , HCR 49 , HR 14 , HR 15 , HR 19 , HR 23 , HR 24 , HR 25 , HR 26 , HR 27 , HR 29 , HR 47 , HR 48 , HR 55 , HR 56 , HR 66 , HR 85 , HR 92 , HR 93 , HR 95 , HR 96 , HR 140 , HR 155 , HR 164 , HR 204 , HR 241 , HR 242 , HR 250 , HR 253 , HR 260 , HR 262 , HR 265 , HR 279 , HR 310 , HR 312 , HR 328 , HR 332 , HR 359 , HR 362 , HR 367

Transcript Highlights:

• House Bill 2322 does two main things.
• So House Bill 22 does two main things.
• We will defer action on House Bill 2301 and House Bill 2296 due to time constraints.
• With your vote, House bill, With your vote, House Bill 2421 is reported to add a committee of the due
• We will defer action on House Bill 2301 and House Bill 2296 due to time constraints.

Summary: The committee heard House Bill 2436, a technical fix to Washington’s oil tanker escort tug requirements in Puget Sound waters. The bill would require escort tugs to have either horsepower equal to 5% of the tanker’s deadweight tonnage or 3,000 horsepower, whichever is greater. Rep. Lekanoff and the Washington State Board of Pilotage Commissioners said the change aligns statute with existing rules and industry practice and supports protection of the Salish Sea and southern resident killer whales. No opposition was raised, and the hearing was closed without action at that point. The committee then heard House Bill 2322, which changes Clean Fuels Program rules and tax incentives for alternative jet fuel. Supporters, including Rep. Dent, Sky Energy, 12, and the City of Moses Lake, said the bill would provide certainty for large-scale sustainable aviation fuel investment by changing the trigger for tax incentives and clarifying that certain renewable electricity, including hydro, can count as zero carbon. Ecology opposed the bill’s treatment of electricity accounting, saying it would weaken incentives for new renewable generation and could reduce the clean fuels program’s emissions benefits. U.S. Oil asked for additional clarification or changes to allow Pierce County participation or define “blender.” No vote was taken on the bill during the hearing. In executive session, the committee passed several bills. Substitute House Bill 2343, dealing with discharge permits for publicly owned animal facilities, passed 21-0. Proposed second substitute House Bill 1420, creating a textile and apparel coordinating organization for a needs assessment, passed 12-9. House Bill 2426, allowing Pollution Control Hearings Board appeals to be heard by a single member or alternative panel by agreement, passed 19-2. Substitute House Bill 2271, expanding post-consumer recycled content requirements for certain plastic products, passed 12-9. Substitute House Bill 2215, adjusting Climate Commitment Act fuel supplier thresholds, passed 12-9. Substitute House Bill 2421, restricting 6PPD and certain substitutes in tires, passed 11-9 with one excused after an amendment to exempt rural eastern Washington was rejected. Action on House Bill 2301 and House Bill 2296 was deferred to a later meeting due to time constraints.

Transcript Highlights:

• In reality, the duty-to-retreat standard is really the run-and-hope-for-the-best standard.
• The standard House Democrats are defending says that legally, you're better off surrendering than defending
• Standard to remain in place.
• Members, this standard needs to change, and House File 13 restores the balance and protects law-abiding
• And every argument I heard over there was discussing the old standard, the stand your ground standard

Transcript Highlights:

• What the changes that are proposed in House Bill 2255 do is just clarify how that standard should be
• So that is our primary standard.
• I now move the House Committee Substitute for House Bills 2637 and 3155, I now move that House Committee
• By your vote of eight ayes and three noes, you have voted do pass House Committee Substitute for House
• For House Bill number 2637 and 3155.

Committee: House Judiciary

Transcript Highlights:

• I told my wife, "We're going to take the kids to my buddy's house, Howard Lutnick's house."
• I said, "Howard's house, his wife's house, yes, actually."
• Commerce has the gold standard in cybersecurity standards, so I think AI standards along the lines of
• We need to set those standards so the world heeds our standards and adopts them.
• I think AI standards set by America are fundamental, and we should set fundamental standards.

Committee: Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee

Transcript Highlights:

• >> Now we're getting into our standards and I believe we need to be looking at the standards.
• The minimum standards ELA standards.
• </c> require us to have academic standards. require us to have academic standards.
• Deborah House. Okay. Yes.
• House Bill 1792."

Committee: House Education Policy and Administration

Transcript Highlights:

• We know it, just like the rest of California, when it comes to building housing, affordable housing,
• review and approval by the backlogged Coastal Commission, and housing delayed is housing denied.
• For the past 15 years, I have been fighting for affordable housing, student housing, on campus at UCSB
• For the past 15 years, I have been fighting for affordable housing, student housing, on campus at UCSB
• Or human rights standards.

Summary: The committee heard several climate, environmental, and housing bills. AB 1425, dealing with pit dewatering near the San Joaquin River Parkway, drew extensive testimony. The author and supporters argued the bill was needed to protect the river, groundwater, floodplain conditions, tribal and cultural resources, and public access from a proposed mining project near the river. Opponents, including Cemex, labor representatives, and industry groups, said the bill would bypass the CEQA process before it was complete, threaten jobs, and create uncertainty for an existing operation. Members questioned both sides about hydrology, blasting, dewatering, and the adequacy of the ongoing environmental review. The bill was moved, but several members expressed concern about preempting CEQA and some did not vote or voted no. AB 881, which would allow California to move forward with carbon capture and sequestration pipelines, was presented as a way to advance state climate goals and capture federal funding. Supporters, including SMUD, labor, and industry groups, said the bill would help deploy carbon capture safely and preserve jobs. Environmental justice opponents supported stronger safety direction and warned that CO2 pipelines pose serious risks and that the state should not move ahead without clearer standards. The bill received a due-pass recommendation to Appropriations. AB 1207, on the cap-and-trade allowance price ceiling and the social cost of carbon, was presented as a science-based update to California’s climate policy. The author and EDF said the bill would keep the program aligned with current economic and climate data and protect it from federal political interference. It received broad support and a due-pass recommendation. AB 1106, creating a coordinated network of air quality incident response centers, was also approved after testimony about wildfire smoke, toxic emissions, and the need for better real-time monitoring during disasters. AB 28, the Landfill Fire Safety Act, focused on the Chiquita Canyon landfill fire and related health impacts in Castaic and Val Verde; residents described serious illnesses and contamination concerns, while landfill and county representatives warned about costs and asked for more study. The committee nonetheless advanced the bill with a due-pass recommendation. The committee also heard AB 357, which would speed Coastal Commission review of student and faculty housing projects, with supporters citing student homelessness and opponents urging caution but acknowledging the need for more housing; the bill was presented and discussed, with the committee emphasizing the need to balance housing production and coastal oversight.

Transcript Highlights:

• So, you know, the standards in California and the EU are still strict standards.
• So, you know, the standards in California and the EU are still strict standards.
• So, you know, the standards in California and the EU are still strict standards.
• So, you know, the standards in California and the EU are still strict standards.
• So, you know, the standards in California and the EU are still strict standards.

Bills: HF737 , HF247 , HF325 , HF1330

Committee: House Commerce Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:

• House Appropriations Committee will come to order for the purpose of a public hearing.
• House Bill 2689 concerns the Working Connections Child Care Program. Mr.
• Is that generally standard?
• House hearing. C. C.
• House hearing. C. House here in room.

Bills: HB2689 , SB5832 , SB5922 , SB5944 , SB5988 , SB6151

Committee: House Appropriations

Keywords: Working Connections Child Care, child care subsidy, subsidized child care, Washington DCYF, Department of Children, Youth, and Families, low-income families, child care providers, licensed child care centers, family child care, market rate survey, subsidy rates, income eligibility, state median income, SNAP, Basic Food, collective bargaining, provider reimbursement, daily payment, half-day care, partial-day care

Transcript Highlights:

• ISO 17025 is the international standard for testing and calibration laboratories.
• ISO 9001 is the standard for quality management systems.
• Chair, those are the standards that the ballots are required to be certified by. Mr.
• Chair, those are the standards that the ballots are required to be certified by. Understood.
• Anyone have questions on the standards, what they actually mean? All right.

Committee: House House Federalism, Military Affairs & Elections Committee of Reference

Summary: The Committee on Federalism, Military Affairs & Elections heard and voted on several election- and campaign-related bills. SB 1006 would raise the threshold for itemizing in-state individual contributions on committee campaign finance reports from $100 to $200 and require aggregate reporting of smaller contributions; it passed 4-3. SB 1029 would treat a candidate committee as intending to terminate upon the candidate’s death and allow designated individuals to serve as treasurer and close out the account; a Town of Queen Creek representative testified in support, describing difficulties after the deaths of two council members, and the bill passed unanimously 7-0. SB 1038 would require county election officials to transmit the cast vote record to the Secretary of State and prohibit alteration of that record except as otherwise allowed by law. Testimony and debate focused on whether the CVR is already a public record and whether the bill was needed to prevent counties from changing release practices; it passed 4-3. SB 1237 would add county recorders and the chair and ranking members of the House and Senate election committees to the list of officials the Secretary of State must consult when prescribing the Elections Procedures Manual. The Arizona Association of Counties and Pinal County Recorder Dana Lewis supported the bill as a way to ensure recorder input and reduce litigation; it passed 4-3. SB 1057 would require vendors providing ballot paper fraud countermeasures to meet specified ISO certifications and include at least three listed security features. Members discussed the standards and whether the bill needed further safeguards, with one member noting possible floor amendments and another objecting that ISO is an international standard; it passed 4-3. Several other bills were held, including measures at the sponsor’s request and the remaining items on the agenda, and the committee adjourned without further action.

Transcript Highlights:

• On top of that, if you were to look up my house, because you can look up all of our houses...
• House Bill 3589.
• So if the state standard is stricter, you meet the state standard; if the local standard is stricter,
• you meet the local standard.
• The committee substitute for House Bill 4665 updates and strengthens the standards for who can provide

Bills: HB2510 , HB3589 , HB4611 , HB4655 , HB4665 , HB4666 , HB4670 , HB4700 , HB4730 , HB4798 , HB4838 , HB5136 , HB5243 , HB5302 , HB5539

Committee: House Human Services

Transcript Highlights:

• House Bill 31. Thank you.
• This is House Bill 43. Before I start explaining the bill to you... This is House Bill 43.
• Sorry, I always get Grammy's House and Roswell mixed up. Grandma's House is in Artesia.
• So this is House Bill 156.
• House Bill 128. Still have one. So. Senator Nava, you are here for House Bill 128.

Summary: The committee first heard Senate Bill 130, which would require heart calcium scans for people over 50, allow pharmacists to manage related screening and medication, and eliminate cost-sharing barriers for the testing and treatment. The sponsor argued the bill could prevent coronary artery disease deaths and reduce long-term health costs, while an industry lobbyist questioned whether it would actually save patients money and raised concerns about the substitute language. After questions about costs, rural access, pharmacist training, liability, and the effect of treatment, the committee adopted a due pass recommendation on the committee substitute by a 6-4 vote. The committee then considered House Bill 31, the EMS personnel licensure interstate compact. Supporters from the Chamber of Commerce, Think New Mexico, the Health Care Authority, and an autism advocacy group said the compact would help address EMS shortages, improve emergency response, and support rural health workforce needs. One opponent warned about out-of-state personnel practicing under unfamiliar standards and possible retention problems. The committee adopted an immunity-related amendment and then gave the bill a 9-0 do pass recommendation. House Bill 33, the psychology inter-jurisdictional compact, was also heard and amended with a similar immunity change. Supporters said it would expand telehealth and behavioral health access, while some members questioned data on workforce shortages, standards, and how the compact would affect New Mexico’s oversight. The committee approved the amended bill 8-0. House Bill 43, a cleanup bill for PERA disability and survivor pension provisions, was presented as a technical measure to clarify statutes, update the disability earnings cap to match Social Security, and reduce ambiguity without changing benefits or liabilities. Members asked about double-dipping, survivor provisions, and fiscal impact, and the bill received a 9-0 do pass recommendation. The committee also heard Senate Memorial 22, which asks the Legislative Finance Committee to study how CYFD-administered state and federal funds support domestic violence services. Sponsors and advocates said funding has been flat or reduced despite rising need, and that providers need clearer, more transparent data; committee members expressed concern that the state lacks a clear accounting of where the money goes. The memorial passed on a 9-0 vote.

Transcript Highlights:

• And that's what we're going to go into now: executive session on House Bill 3532 and House Bill 3483.
• We are now in executive session on House Bill 3532 and House Bill 3483, and I move that it be voted due
• The House Committee substitute for House Bill 3532 and 3483 be voted due pass.
• By your vote of 16-0 and zero no, you have voted House Committee substitute for House Bill 3532 and 3483
• It makes it to the House floor.

Committee: House Elementary and Secondary Education

Summary: The committee first met in executive session on House Bill 3532 and House Bill 3483, which were combined by amendment into a House Committee Substitute. Representative Kelly explained the amendment corrected a clerical error and merged the two bill strings; members discussed removing the phrase “public school” so the measure would apply more broadly. The committee adopted the amendment and substitute, then voted the combined House Committee Substitute do pass by a 16-0 roll call vote, sending it next to the Rules Committee and then potentially to the House floor. The committee then heard House Bill 2965, sponsored by Representative Bosley, which would require Missouri students to complete one unit each of Black history and Black literature before graduation, with standards and model curriculum developed by the State Board of Education. Bosley argued the bill would provide a fuller and more accurate account of American history, improve student engagement and outcomes, and empower all students. Supporters from the NAACP and committee members praised the goal, but several members raised concerns about making the courses graduation requirements, the burden on transfer students, and whether the bill should instead be tied to existing social studies credits or broader K-12 standards. No opposition testimony was offered. Finally, the committee heard House Bills 2126 and 2197, presented together as similar measures on building-level administrator evaluations. The sponsors said the bills would require annual evaluations of principals and other building administrators, set a March 1 timeline for renewal or nonrenewal decisions, and allow administrators with at least five consecutive years to request written reasons if their contracts are not renewed. Committee members and witnesses generally supported regular evaluations and timely notice, but several questioned whether the bills were too restrictive on reasons for nonrenewal and whether the language created a kind of tenure-like protection. Supporters from principals’ groups, Missouri NEA, and Missouri State Teachers Association backed the bills, emphasizing fairness, feedback, and professional growth. The hearing concluded without a vote on these two bills.