Transcript Highlights:

• This bill will strengthen our local transportation infrastructure by increasing the maximum vehicle weight
• threshold from 6,000 pounds to 9,000 pounds for certain transportation vehicles subject to district
• vehicle fees.

Keywords: 904, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Bill 118 relates to non-ad valorem special assessment, like fire assessments, against recreational vehicle
• Square footage used cannot exceed the maximum square footage of a recreational vehicle allowed by law
• Are there ...a recreational vehicle allowed by law, and that is the bill.

Summary: The Senate Committee on Finance and Tax met and reported several bills favorably after brief presentations, no substantive opposition, and mostly unanimous or near-unanimous roll calls. CS/SB 118, by Senator Trunow, clarified how non-ad valorem special assessments may be levied on recreational vehicle parks, and an amendment removed a requirement that local governments consider RV park occupancy rates when apportioning assessments. The bill was supported by the Florida Retail Federation and passed favorably. SB 1520, by Senator Kalatayud, made changes to the Live Local Act’s missing middle property tax exemption, including allowing vesting upon final site plan approval for one year and expanding the data used for local government opt-out decisions; it also passed favorably with support from Landlord Housing Partners. The committee also approved CS/SB 678, by Senator Mayfield, which reestablishes the framework allowing distributors to deduct unsellable alcohol from monthly excise tax calculations and applies retroactively to January 1, 2025. Support came from the Florida Beer Wholesalers Association, Wine and Spirits Distributors of Florida, and Southern Glazer’s Wine and Spirits. CS/SB 680, also by Senator Mayfield, addressed double taxation of electricity used at EV charging stations by creating a sales tax exemption for separately metered electricity sold to station operators and transferred to consumers; Tesla and the Florida Retail Federation supported it, and Senator Gates spoke in favor, describing the bill as a fair solution to a prior tax administration problem. CS/SB 450, by Senator Polsky, updated property tax exemption rules for permanently and totally disabled veterans’ surviving spouses, including allowing transfer of up to 120% of the prior homestead exemption amount to a new residence. The amendment and bill were supported by the Property Appraisers Association of Florida and passed favorably. Finally, CS/SB 1074, by Senator Gates, was amended to establish uniform rules for rounding cash transactions to the nearest nickel in light of penny distribution issues, while protecting sales tax calculations and providing liability protections; it also included safeguards for pawn and recycling transactions. The Florida Retail Federation, Florida Restaurant and Lodging Association, and Associated Industries of Florida supported the measure, which was reported favorably. Senator Gates requested to be recorded as voting yes on all bills, and the committee adjourned without objection.

Transcript Highlights:

• I think it's important to mention the tracking of fleeing vehicles and stolen vehicles.
• important to mention the tracking of important to mention the tracking of fleeing<00:03:56.319><c> vehicles
• </c><00:03:56.879><c> and</c><00:03:57.280><c> stolen</c><00:03:57.680><c> vehicles.
• </c> fleeing vehicles and stolen vehicles. fleeing vehicles and stolen vehicles.
• keep because of the cost that would be, like an increased penalty for dangerous fleeing in a motor vehicle

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• Number one, we in the legislature really value LAO's recommendations to us, and more so this year than
• And when we sell so much fresh, I think that's really in line with the values of consumers, not just
• And when we sell so much fresh, I think that's really that the lines of the values of consumers, not
• It's just so much in terms of value that we have.
• And so I will be looking at this department to squeeze every dollar out, every dollar of value out of

Keywords: 988, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• we've taken a fresh look at it, and the alternates that were chosen then, and I believe Eric said a value
• </c> um I believe Eric said a value um I believe Eric said a value engineering<00:49:59.640><c> study
• on the alternate that resulted<00:50:08.960><c> from</c><00:50:09.080><c> our</c><00:50:09.160><c> value
• </c><00:50:09.440><c> engineering</c> resulted from our value engineering resulted from our value engineering
• the actuarial process, and so they determine those rates based on things like fuel cost, cost of vehicle

Keywords: 958, all

Summary: The committee first approved the March 10 minutes and then moved through a large agenda of contract reviews, including a deferred Kentucky Transportation Cabinet item tied to Louisville bridge tolling and RiverLink. Transportation officials explained that the contract was part of a bi-state arrangement with Indiana: Indiana Finance Authority held the main contract with HNTB, while Kentucky needed a mirror contract to pay its 50% share under the bi-state management agreement. Members questioned why the work was treated as effectively no-bid, how much input Kentucky had in vendor selection, RiverLink’s collection performance, and when tolls might end. Transportation said Kentucky had equal representation in selection, HNTB served as a toll services advisor, collections and customer service had improved, and tolls are expected to remain until debt obligations are paid off in 2058. Several members criticized the company’s past performance and voted no as a statement of concern, but the contract still moved forward. The committee then deferred a Kentucky State University item because the vendor was not registered with the Secretary of State. It also approved the overall agenda and contract review lists. A Board of Optometric Examiners contract drew significant discussion: board representatives said they had previously relied on the Public Protection Cabinet for legal services, but that office lacked staff and advised them to seek outside counsel. Some members argued the committee could not approve a contract that appeared to conflict with statute, while others said the board should not be left without legal counsel and that the Attorney General should be brought in to resolve the issue. The committee ultimately voted to defer the optometric contract for one month and requested the Attorney General appear at the next meeting. Finally, the committee reviewed an Administrative Office of the Courts amendment for the Court of Appeals building project. Staff explained that the General Assembly had authorized the project, the design contract had already gone through multiple approved phases, and the current item was only an administrative correction to a prior modification amount. Members approved the amendment, with one member noting appreciation that the project costs had been reduced when an error was found.

Transcript Highlights:

• I'm Director of Government Relations for Texas Values, testifying in favor of Senate Bill 8.
• I'm Director of Government Relations for Texas Values, testifying in favor of Senate Bill 8.
• Say no to the disease that seeks to claim the values of love and kindness that Texas hold dear.
• Because one day the only... ...to claim the values of love and kindness that Texas hold dear, because
• Thank you, and in the name of Jesus, I hope you all respect those Christian values.

Bills: SB6, SB7, SB8, SB11, SB12, SB13, SB15, SB17

Keywords: hemp, consumable hemp, hemp-derived cannabinoids, CBD, cannabidiol, CBG, cannabigerol, delta-8, delta-9, intoxicating hemp, hemp gummies, hemp vape, edibles, cannabinoid regulation, hemp licensing, retailer registration, product registration, QR code labeling, child-resistant packaging, minor access

Summary: The committee first took up Senate Bill 8, the Texas Women's Privacy Act, and heard extensive public testimony both for and against the measure. Supporters, including representatives of Texas Values and Texas Values Action, argued the bill was needed to protect women’s privacy and safety in restrooms, locker rooms, showers, prisons, domestic violence shelters, and other government-controlled spaces, and said it would provide clear, sex-based rules. Opponents, including many transgender Texans, civil rights advocates, clergy, business and public safety voices, and others, argued the bill would invite harassment, gender policing, lawsuits, and invasive inspections, while harming trans, intersex, and gender-nonconforming people as well as cisgender women who do not fit stereotypes. Several witnesses said the bill would conflict with federal law or prison standards, worsen safety in shelters and prisons, and hurt Texas’s reputation and economy. The chair repeatedly noted the compressed special-session schedule and said flood relief remained the session’s top priority. Public testimony on SB 8 was eventually closed, and the bill was left pending. The committee then moved to Senate Bill 6, dealing with consumable hemp product restrictions. Testimony on SB 6 focused on whether the bill went too far in restricting hemp-derived THC products. Opponents argued hemp and THC have medical and economic value, that the bill would criminalize conduct and burden courts, and that regulation—not prohibition—was the better approach. Some witnesses supported tighter rules such as testing, child-resistant packaging, and limits on marketing to children, but still opposed the bill’s broad THC ban, higher fees, and age restrictions. Several speakers emphasized benefits for veterans, chronic pain patients, and small businesses, and warned that prohibition would push consumers toward the illicit market. The committee heard the testimony and then continued with additional witnesses, with no final vote or disposition reported in the excerpt.

Transcript Highlights:

• Um, to the Teamsters, who also— a lot of them are UPS drivers—also have similar vehicles and also on
• </c><01:01:45.280><c> and</c> drivers also have similar vehicles and drivers also have similar vehicles
• Sure, you're dealing with it in a reactive way there, but there may be some value, some mitigating value
• Sure, you're dealing with it in a reactive way there, but there may be some value, some mitigating value
• Sure, you're dealing with it in a reactive way there, but there may be some value, some mitigating value

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• The vehicle gets towed to a shop.
• The vehicle gets towed to a shop.
• The vehicle gets towed to a shop.
• </c><02:15:01.760><c> and</c> determine a totaling of a vehicle and determine a totaling of a vehicle
• The damages also include paying for a rental vehicle.

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The committee heard testimony on a non-germane amendment to HB 297 that would create the Granite State Home Mitigation and Resiliency Program. Insurance Commissioner DJ Beton, joined by department staff, explained that the proposal is intended to help homeowners afford insurance by funding proactive home improvements that reduce risk and improve insurability. He said the program would be funded by the first $1 million collected annually from the insurance premium tax, with grants of up to $10,000 available on a first-come, first-served basis. Beton described the problem as rising homeowners insurance premiums, hard-market underwriting, nonrenewals, and the resulting shift to more expensive surplus lines coverage. He said eligible projects could include roof fortification, exterior improvements, flood-related foundation work, and removal of hazardous trees or limbs. He cited similar programs in other states, especially Alabama, Louisiana, and North Carolina, as evidence the model can work and noted that industry representatives were present in support. He also said the program would use means testing aligned with the Department of Energy’s weatherization program to target lower-income applicants. Members asked about the non-germane process, who would administer the program, and how the bill would prevent misuse of grant funds. The commissioner said the department would administer the program using one repurposed existing position, with Treasury handling fund flow through an MOU. Staff explained that applicants would have to show completed work through a signed contract, itemized work, and a sworn contractor affidavit, with some upfront payment allowed for materials and the remainder paid after completion. The chair and members discussed that the amendment is being attached to a different bill only to move the proposal through committee and on to House Finance for further consideration.

Transcript Highlights:

• immense strength for the state, both in terms of resiliency and in terms of producing high economic value
• :49.519><c> producing</c><00:13:49.920><c> high</c><00:13:50.240><c> economic</c><00:13:50.720><c> value
• Um, are there net opportunities for something like autonomous vehicles and having that investment in
• </c><00:48:03.920><c> and</c><00:48:04.160><c> having</c><00:48:04.400><c> that</c> autonomous vehicles
• and having that autonomous vehicles and having that investment<00:48:05.119><c> in</c><00:48:05.359>

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• because of a massive water main break flooded in their neighborhood, of their home, and even their vehicles
• ><02:10:51.040><c> and</c><02:10:51.360><c> even</c><02:10:51.520><c> their</c><02:10:51.760><c> vehicles
• </c><02:10:52.760><c> and</c> their home and even their vehicles and their home and even their vehicles
• the grant is awarded to has some skin in the game and it also ensures that taxpayers get the best value
• decarbonize, and that American cement and concrete manufacturers must compete in a market that increasingly values

Keywords: U.S. House of Representatives Floor Proceedings on Monday, March 24, 2025, 1012, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• 01:36:23.760><c> own</c><01:36:23.920><c> apartment</c><01:36:24.280><c> and</c><01:36:24.440><c> vehicle
• </c><01:36:24.760><c> in</c> obtain my own apartment and vehicle in obtain my own apartment and vehicle
• Big Brothers Big Sisters shows me the value and the importance of relationships outside of my family.
• When we think about the value of this work, there are numerous studies—the Office of Juvenile Justice
• When we think about the value of this work, there are numerous studies.

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Number one, we in the Legislature really value LAO's recommendations to us, and more so this year than
• And when we sell so much fresh, I think that's really in line with the values of consumers, not just
• It's just so much value that we have.
• And so I will be looking at this department to squeeze every dollar out, every dollar of value out of
• question of the 199 schools: how many of them have prep kitchens, or else we're losing a lot of the value

Summary: The meeting began with a lengthy opening discussion with Secretary Karen Ross of the Department of Food and Agriculture, who reviewed the department’s proposed budget, emphasized California agriculture’s record output, and highlighted major priorities including climate-smart agriculture, groundwater management, local food systems, farm-to-school, food hubs, invasive pest prevention, bird flu response, and food safety. She also warned about federal budget cuts, especially at USDA and FDA, and discussed market access challenges abroad, rising input costs, labor shortages, and the need for automation and workforce training. Members raised questions about the future of Farm to School, the California Nutrition Incentive Program/Market Match, local food procurement, and how to better connect farmers to schools, food banks, and food hubs; Ross said the department had strong evidence the program benefits small farms and Title I schools and noted continued interest in building out local food infrastructure. The committee then took up item one on eliminating vacant positions at the Departments of Fish and Wildlife, Parks and Recreation, and Food and Agriculture. The Legislative Analyst’s Office explained that the Governor proposed eliminating 6,000 vacant positions statewide, with the Joint Legislative Budget Committee previously rejecting 650 of them, including 174 in these three departments. LAO and Finance said the vacancies represented a source of budget flexibility, but warned that eliminating them could create program impacts; LAO recommended retaining the special-funded positions at Fish and Wildlife and Food and Agriculture, while weighing the General Fund positions against other priorities. Finance argued the reductions were part of a broader budget-resiliency exercise and that departments could reclassify or shift vacancies to higher priorities. Members focused heavily on the practical impacts of the cuts. Assemblymember Petrie-Norris argued that Fish and Wildlife staffing shortages were already slowing permits needed for housing, clean energy, water, and transportation projects, and questioned the value of saving relatively small amounts of money. Fish and Wildlife officials said the department had prioritized mission-critical work and could still meet permitting obligations, but acknowledged limited-term staffing constraints. State Parks said the proposed ranger and maintenance cuts would not have immediate effects but could slow maintenance and eventually worsen deferred maintenance. Food and Agriculture said some of the eliminated positions supported early pest detection and eradication, but that the department believed it could still meet its mandate and reclassify positions if needed. The chair and several members signaled concern about the Fish and Wildlife and Parks cuts, while also noting the broader need for budget reductions. The committee then moved to item six, hearing an overview from the Governor’s Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation. Staff described the office’s role in CEQA implementation and said the budget requests were baseline funding to maintain existing functions, including IT services and administrative/legislative support, rather than new programs. The chair asked the presenters to move quickly through background material so the committee could get to questions, and the item began with no votes taken during the meeting.

Transcript Highlights:

• Senate Bill 66, an act relating to the operation of a motor vehicle. Senator from Taylor, Mr.
• Developed a trust in what was being transferred and the value that's associated with that.
• Developed a trust in what was being transferred and the value that's associated with that.
• Always providing valued information, giving good guidance, the impartiality from a political standpoint
• Developed a trust in what was being transferred and the value that's associated with that.

Keywords: In an effort to stave off issues that may occur with long format live streams, we have split this stream into two parts., 958, all

Transcript Highlights:

• the state that's for individuals that are homeless with severe mental illnesses that provides rental value
• And Madam Chair, do you track the data of the value at time of sale to help make, um, policy change or
• So that really shows the value of permanent supportive housing and the housing first model.
• In the value of homes, but if you look at this, um, we, we helped contribute and helped these families
• So similar sized homes, our cost to build is higher in Santa Fe in part because land values are more

Transcript Highlights:

• Secure Parking is leaving a number of vehicles there, perhaps because it's not profitable.
• In fact, I'm sure it would be unprofitable to take those vehicles and go through the entire process.
• Secure Parking is leaving a number of vehicles there, perhaps because it's not profitable.
• In fact, I'm sure it would be unprofitable to take those vehicles and go through the entire process.
• I just wanted to work out one thing on here is that this unauthorized vehicle is what happens when the

Keywords: 910, house, all

Summary: The Committee on Hawaiian Affairs heard several Senate concurrent resolutions. SCR 11, urging Congress to amend the Civil Rights Act to prohibit discrimination based on sex, sexual orientation, and gender identity, drew support from the Hawaii State Commission on the Status of Women and Pride at Work Hawaii, both of which backed the measure as a statement of equality and protection for LGBTQIA+ people. A member also reminded testifiers to keep signs and statements relevant to the measure. SCR 22, recognizing the 50th anniversary of the restoration of Ahu and Aliʻa, had no testimony. SCR 58, calling for a progressive enforcement framework for parking violations in DLNR boating and ocean recreation lots, drew strong support from multiple testifiers who argued that towing is overly punitive, costly, and unfair to beach and harbor users; they favored warnings or smaller citations instead of towing and raised concerns about signage, contract oversight, and the cost of proposed enforcement technology. One member asked about whether DLNR could use HPD or other officers for citations, and the discussion focused on staffing and enforcement authority. The committee then heard SCR 60 SD1, requesting an update on the “Breaking Cycles” study on alternative rehabilitation and restorative justice models on Oahu. The Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation was not present, but the Corrections Reform Working Group strongly supported the resolution, saying the study reflects extensive community outreach and should not be shelved. Testifiers urged the committee to use the report to examine alternatives to a new jail, including diversion, pre-trial reform, probation reform, and renovations to existing facilities, and one testifier suggested amendments to add experts in those areas and technical assistance from the Prison Policy Initiative. Another testifier described Maui’s use of wraparound reentry services, prosecutorial discretion, and programming as an example of reducing incarceration without expanding jail capacity. SCR 184, asking the Hawaii Civil Rights Commission to examine anti-discrimination laws as applied to algorithmic and automated decision systems, had no in-person testimony, with the chair noting one support and one comment submitted. The final measure, SCR 89 SD1, which would create an advisory committee under the Hawaii correctional system oversight commission to develop recommendations on alternative rehabilitation and restorative justice models on Oahu, also had no testimony from the department, but the Corrections Reform Working Group supported it as a way to ensure community input into jail planning. A later testifier echoed concerns about building a large new jail and urged the committee to consider alternatives to incarceration and to include people with expertise in diversion, pre-trial reform, and probation reform. No votes or final actions were taken in the portion of the hearing provided.

Transcript Highlights:

• for there to be essentially standards regarding wear of the uniform, use of equipment, facilities, vehicles
• And then also the taxpayers being on the hook for use of equipment, facilities, uh, our vehicles that
• </c> equipment, facilities, vehicles. equipment, facilities, vehicles.
• :39:48.840><c> facilities,</c><00:39:50.000><c> uh</c><00:39:50.200><c> our</c><00:39:50.400><c> vehicles
• </c> equipment, facilities, uh our vehicles equipment, facilities, uh our vehicles that<00:39:51.480>

Keywords: 958, all

Transcript Highlights:

• And there's also another bill that you've put forth that would maybe be more of an independent vehicle
• so thank you for independent um vehicle so thank you for your<00:30:01.559><c> your</c><00:30:02.039
• this<00:40:40.359><c> is</c><00:40:40.520><c> the</c><00:40:40.720><c> right</c><00:40:41.000><c> vehicle
• /c><00:40:41.400><c> at</c><00:40:41.640><c> this</c><00:40:41.880><c> time</c> this is the right vehicle
• at this time this is the right vehicle at this time so<00:40:42.760><c> we're</c><00:40:42.920><c> going

Keywords: 912, senate, all

Summary: The Committee on Health and Human Services began by explaining strict one-minute testimony limits, reliance on written testimony, and that it had quorum and would move directly to decision making on deferred measures. It first adopted the chair’s recommendation to pass SB 8 with amendments, creating a five-year trial period for a jury-duty exemption for actively practicing APRNs, delaying implementation to January 1, 2027, and adding a defective date. It then adopted amendments to SB 189 on breast cancer screening, replacing references to “woman” with “patient,” clarifying that supplemental imaging and mammograms must be medically necessary and ordered by the patient’s provider, deleting one subsection, and adding a defective date. The committee then heard testimony on several bills. SB 46 on insurance/mental health coverage drew support from a member of the public and others, but later the chair said it would be deferred indefinitely pending a required sunrise analysis and a concurrent resolution. SB 642 on fertility preservation services received broad support from providers, advocacy groups, and an individual who described facing cancer treatment and high out-of-pocket costs; the chair later amended it to make coverage optional, limit it to those over 26, and add a defective date. SB 49 on terminal illness had limited testimony and was later passed with amendments incorporating agency and professional association changes plus a defective date. The committee also heard strong support for SNAP-related bills. SB 53, expanding SNAP eligibility to 300% of poverty, drew testimony about the “benefits cliff,” but the chair later deferred it indefinitely, citing uncertainty about costs and system issues. SB 58 on public assistance had no testimony. SB 960 and SB 961, both SNAP-related, drew extensive support from nonprofits, health groups, and others; DHS said its modernization work would not be ready until fall 2026 and that current systems could not automatically extend certification periods. SB 963 on SNAP also received support, including testimony from a volunteer reentry advocate and a public health advocate, but the chair later said it would be deferred indefinitely because the committee could not determine the fiscal impact and wanted to wait until next year. Finally, the committee heard SB 798 on child welfare and SB 974 on foster care. Testimony on SB 798 included support from child welfare and advocacy organizations, but also criticism from a witness who said the bill lacked voices of those harmed by the system and another who emphasized the need for independence, implementation, and accountability. The committee then recessed to regain quorum and later returned to decision making, where it deferred SB 46 indefinitely, passed SB 642 with amendments, passed SB 49 with amendments, and deferred SB 53 indefinitely. The transcript ends while the chair is continuing through the remaining measures.

Transcript Highlights:

• requirements for roadable aircraft, requiring the roadable aircraft to maintain both aircraft and vehicle
• Madam with the members, Senate Bill 1205 creates motor vehicle booting rules for cities, towns, and motor
• vehicle booting services.
• What is vehicle booting? Yeah, that's mine. Is that whenever you have the metal clamp on the tire?

Keywords: 1182, all

Summary: The caucus reviewed a long list of Senate bills and memorials across several policy areas, with most items presented as consent or third-read measures and little debate. Topics included special license plates for the Arizona Space Commission, local land-use and housing restrictions, liquor regulation updates, limits on municipal delays in permitting and exactions, election equipment security and timekeeping requirements, precinct committeeman vacancy procedures, assisted living and deed-fraud measures, a Freedom of Speech Monument committee, renaming Wesley Bolin Plaza, and a ban on gender transition procedures for minors. Members also discussed health and human services bills on behavioral health technician standards, Medicaid billing during ownership changes, breast cancer screening cost-sharing, naturopathic IV administration authority, safe-haven newborn surrender at hospitals, and access claim-processing timelines. The Judiciary portion covered probation limits for dangerous crimes against children, a civil cause of action related to prohibited gender reassignment surgery on minors, elimination of the statute of limitations for failure to register as a sex offender, probation incentive calculations, victim-rights expense recovery, unlawful flight penalties, vulnerable adult theft definitions, motor fuel theft, unlawful alerting, and evidence rules in sexual-assault-related hearings. In discussion, members asked for clarifications on several bills, including the definitions of “malicious” delay, internet access on election equipment, the scope of the breast screening bill, and the meaning of unlawful alerting. Supporters repeatedly described bills as common-sense, fraud-prevention, patient-access, or public-safety measures, while one member noted a no vote on extending the Vulnerable Adult System Study Committee. Additional measures in land, agriculture, water, public safety, and transportation included foreign-entity restrictions on land transactions, limits on transporting Mexican gray wolf puppies, water reuse and groundwater fee extensions, a larger water supply revolving fund loan cap, congressional memorials on EPA authority and the San Carlos irrigation project, expanded traumatic event counseling coverage, reimbursement of legal costs for certain disciplined law enforcement officers, data sharing with the federal government on unauthorized aliens, roadable aircraft registration, motor vehicle booting rules, military-property sign placement, a towing and impound study committee, photo enforcement penalties, and highway renaming memorials. No roll-call votes were described in the transcript, and the meeting ended after the transportation items and memorials were completed.

Transcript Highlights:

• The maintenance guy was pulled from his vehicle in a parking lot and beaten up by non-tenants.
• <00:04:30.240><c> his</c> maintenance guy was pulled from his maintenance guy was pulled from his vehicle
• 04:31.360><c> lot</c><00:04:31.440><c> and</c><00:04:31.680><c> beaten</c><00:04:32.000><c> up</c> vehicle
• in a parking lot and beaten up vehicle in a parking lot and beaten up by<00:04:32.320><c> non-tenants

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• The explicit instruction that we provide gives students the tools such as vehicle awareness, traffic
• control, vehicle control, controlling the areas around the car, and the nature of how things are moving
• The explicit instruction that we provide give students the tools such as vehicle awareness, traffic control
• , vehicle control, controlling the areas around the car, the nature of how things are moving.

Keywords: 989, all