Video & Transcript : 'Operation Enduring Brain Health' :

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MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Taxes Committee Meeting - 2025-05-06

Taxes

Transcript Highlights:
  • This section of the tax revenue portion of the health care spreadsheet.
  • These early years are essential for a child's development, with 80% of brain development happening in
  • This can improve a child's future health and education outcomes and strengthen Minnesota communities.
  • Federal policymakers have plans to dramatically step back from their commitments to health care, food
  • sense for those with the most resources to contribute a bit more in order to protect Minnesotans' health
Bills: HF2730 , HF2257 , HF2768 , HF1932 , HF2437
Committee: House Taxes
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House State Government Finance and Policy Committee 2/13/25 - Part 2

State Government Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • Because of this, my health rapidly deteriorated.
  • He endured not being treated for what he was actually admitted for.
  • I know it's being referred to the Health Committee. What other committees do you see?
  • </c> move it out and then it'll go to health move it out and then it'll go to health I<00:21:17.480><
  • We have kids with mental health issues that are continuing to struggle.
Keywords: 1183, house
NM
Transcript Highlights:
  • Steve Rodriguez, Chief of Operations. Dr. Roberto Lozano, Chief of Educational Equity and Support.
  • We're also proud to operate a system that boasts both transparency and fiscal responsibility.
  • Currently, four of them are operational. We have one that's in El Paso that's being maintained.
  • You know, talking to other transportation or operations throughout the state, the struggle.
  • And I alluded to the impact on health. I know a lot of superintendents whose health is impacted.
NH

New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session

House Finance Division III (03/04/2025)

Transcript Highlights:
  • health-related data.
  • health-related data.
  • health-related data.
  • a public health population Health a public health approach<01:19:20.040><c> is</c><01:19:20.159><c>
  • ><c> health</c> by public health by public health the<03:07:19.160><c> role</c><03:07:19.439><c> of</
Keywords: 928, house, all
Summary: The Finance Division III work session focused on the Department of Health and Human Services’ Division of Public Health Services budget. Department staff said Public Health has a relatively small budget compared with other DHHS divisions, is supported mostly by federal and other non-General funds, and contains nearly 100 accounting units and more than 50 federal grants. They emphasized that the governor’s budget did not include significant cuts, but that federal funding uncertainty and the winding down of pandemic-era resources were major factors affecting the division. The division also explained that some apparent budget growth reflects reorganizations, including moving the Bureau of Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Recovery and some programs from other DHHS divisions into Public Health. The presentation described Public Health’s mission as serving the entire state through food and water safety, disease surveillance, emergency response, maternal and child health, chronic disease prevention, WIC, community health center support, and public health data collection. Members asked about bird flu, and staff explained that human-health response would involve Public Health’s lab, infectious disease, and emergency preparedness units, while animal-health issues are handled with the Department of Agriculture; they also noted ongoing milk testing requested by FDA and USDA. The division said its organizational structure includes bureaus for Family Health and Nutrition, Infectious Disease Control, Public Health Protection, Emergency Preparedness, Prevention and Wellness, Statistics and Informatics, and Public Health Laboratories, with about a 15% vacancy rate. Committee members questioned whether the division’s budget and staffing had really grown since pre-COVID, and staff responded that full-time authorized staffing is about the same as in 2018, with the increase largely due to federal pandemic funding that has since receded and to program transfers between divisions. They said Public Health’s General Fund share is about $24 million out of roughly $1.1 billion in DHHS General Fund spending, or about 2.2% of the department total. Members also asked about the 3,000-position cap and unfunded positions; staff explained that the cap remains in chapter law through June 30, 2025, that 394 positions were unfunded in the governor’s budget, and that the division expects flexibility to move money from personnel lines and fill unfunded positions to manage changing needs. No votes or formal actions were taken in this portion of the work session.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Energy, Utilities and Communications Committee Apr 13th, 2026

Energy, Utilities and Communications

Transcript Highlights:
  • It provides the Department of Water Resources with operational flexibility to achieve 100% clean energy
  • These companies operate as small, private, nonprofit corporations that deliver water to shareholders
  • Safe and reliable operation of our grid depends on it.
  • I'm Sylvia Aguilar, the Programs and Operations Manager for the Casita Coalition.
  • This is good for our economy, good for the environment, and good for public health.
Summary: The committee heard a long agenda of energy, water, and utility bills. SB 952, SB 1417, SB 924, SB 925, SB 1011, SB 1168, SB 1196, and SB 1350 were all discussed, along with consent items SB 1008 and SB 1245. SB 952 would give the Department of Water Resources more flexibility in meeting clean energy procurement goals for the State Water Project; it drew support from the State Water Contractors and California Municipal Utilities Association and no opposition. SB 1417 would extend transparency and notice requirements to mutual water companies, especially in response to wildfire-related rate increases in Altadena; supporters described lack of notice, meeting access, and public accountability, while the California Association of Mutual Water Companies opposed the bill as overly prescriptive and potentially conflicting with existing law. SB 924 would modernize low-income energy assistance and weatherization programs to better measure affordability outcomes and tenant benefits, and it passed with broad support. SB 925 would direct the Energy Commission to develop a statewide roadmap for fusion energy; it was supported by industry and clean energy groups and passed without opposition. SB 1011 would require CPUC standards for human review of utility AI systems and labor consultation; supporters framed it as a safety and workforce protection measure, while utilities and business groups warned about cost, duplication, and overbroad regulation. SB 1168, now a study bill, would have the CPUC examine how data centers pay for load growth and rate impacts; it drew mixed reactions, with some industry opposition and some labor support after amendments. SB 1196 would speed utility hookups for ADUs and JADUs by allowing earlier applications and setting timelines; housing advocates supported it and it passed. SB 1350 would allow renewable portfolio standard credit for power plants using green hydrogen, with strong support from hydrogen, labor, and utility interests, but TURN opposed it unless amended, arguing it lacked safeguards against greenwashing and resource shuffling. The committee also approved the consent calendar and several bills were reported out on recorded votes, with most measures advancing on strong bipartisan support and a few no votes from Senators Strickland and Dahle on selected items.
WA

Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Environment, Energy & Technology Jan 13th, 2026 at 01:30 pm

Environment, Energy & Technology

Transcript Highlights:
  • This By operating as boutique utilities or procuring independent power.
  • Ports currently do not operate as public energy utilities.
  • However, Ports currently do not operate as public energy utilities.
  • I am co-chair of the Climate and Health Task Force.
  • I am co-chair of the Climate and Health Task Force. Dr.
Bills: SB5982 , SB6008 , SB6050 , SB6056
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • Why should you continue to operate?
  • I've served in Operation Lone Star.
  • For those that are looking for mental health, there's two local mental-health authorities, LMHAs.
  • Health team throughout the area.
  • We offer to support of health. We help. We are a local mental health authority. We neighbor.
Keywords: 1185, senate, all
HI
Transcript Highlights:
  • </c><00:25:01.440><c> Um</c> the mental health health branch. Um the mental health health branch.
  • health issues?
  • mental health kind of side.
  • Sometimes organic brain disorder is not treated as a mental health disease, but sometimes the behavior
  • </c> assessed with a mental health disease. assessed with a mental health disease.
Keywords: 910, house, all
FL

Florida 2026 5th Special Session

FL House Floor Session - 2026-02-11 (4:00PM Session)

Florida House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • And I appreciate the bill sponsor talking about mental health.
  • Inclusive environments are critical for mental health.
  • Inclusive environments are critical for mental health.
  • Today, the ship operates... ...part of Tampa's waterfront.
  • Decoupling may help a few big operations. ...possible.
Summary: The House convened with prayer, a moment of silence for former member Terry Fields and the Parkland victims, the Pledge of Allegiance, and routine organizational actions including approval of the journal and adoption of a special order report. The chamber then took up House Bill 1119, relating to materials harmful to minors, which the sponsor described as a measure to clarify and strengthen standards for removing obscene or pornographic content from public school classrooms and libraries while preserving educational uses and not targeting classical literature, LGBTQ content, or other protected viewpoints. Members questioned the bill’s use of terms such as “predominantly,” its relationship to existing local review processes, the impact on AP/IB and college-level materials, the applicability to voucher-funded schools, and the risk of additional First Amendment litigation and costs. The sponsor responded that the bill was needed because current standards were being bypassed and that the legislation was aimed at material harmful to minors, not general literary value. The House considered numerous amendments, most of which were defeated. Amendments offered by Representatives Gant, Aristide, Bartleman, Eskamani, Nixon, Rainer, Woodson, and Harris sought, among other things, to preserve parental choice during review periods, restore a whole-work constitutional standard, limit repeated objections, protect educational and abuse-prevention materials, prevent LGBTQ-inclusive books from being labeled harmful solely on that basis, shield school districts from funding penalties, and delay enforcement in districts already under litigation. Supporters of the amendments argued that the bill would encourage censorship, remove books with clear literary or educational value, burden districts with costs and lawsuits, and harm students who rely on school libraries for access to reading material and representation. Opponents of the amendments argued the bill was necessary to protect minors from explicit content and that the proposed changes would weaken that protection. All of the amendments described in the transcript failed. After the amendment process, the House waived rules, read HB 1119 a third time by title, and entered structured debate on final passage. In closing debate, opponents repeated concerns about constitutional vulnerability, overbroad book removals, and the educational harm of limiting access to literature, while supporters framed the bill as a child-protection measure and a clarification of existing law. The transcript ends during the structured debate on final passage, before the final vote on the bill is shown.
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Education K-16 May 20th, 2025

Education K-16

Transcript Highlights:
  • Equally important, the bill strengthens emergency operations planning, improves consistency in safety
  • HB 2310 directs the Texas Education Agency, or TEA, in partnership with the Health and Human Services
  • In partnership with the Health and Human Services Commission, HHSC, and the Texas Workforce Commission
  • HB 2310 would require the Texas Education Agency, in collaboration with the Health and Human Services
  • HB 2310 would require the Texas Education Agency in collaboration with the Health and Human Services
Bills: HB126 , HB121
Summary: The Senate Committee on Education K-16 met to hear testimony on a full agenda of education-related bills. Several measures were laid out and left pending, including HB 322 to allow JET Grant funds to be used for subscription-based and ongoing technology costs for career and technical education; HB 3062 to require fentanyl and drug-poisoning prevention instruction for entering college students; HB 121 to update school safety laws, including TEA peace officer commissions, annual renewal of certain safety exceptions, new reporting requirements, and special education behavior threat assessment changes; HB 3627 to let the State Board of Education chair employ staff; HB 5515 to curb inflated shipping and handling charges on instructional materials; HB 2674 to prohibit new state regulation of homeschool programs; HB 2310 to require a statewide strategic plan for early learning and inclusion for young children with disabilities; HB 367 to standardize documentation for excused absences due to serious illness; HB 1178 to speed certification for out-of-state educators and military spouses; and HB 1481 to expand cell phone restrictions to the full school day. Testimony was generally supportive on most bills, with some concerns raised on HB 121 about school district police departments investigating misconduct and on HB 2674 about how it would interact with the new ESA program in SB 2. HB 5515 drew support from instructional materials coordinators who described extreme shipping invoices and argued the bill would restore transparency and fiscal responsibility. HB 2310 was supported by disability advocates and early learning groups, who said a coordinated state plan would improve access and inclusion for children with disabilities. HB 367 was presented as a simple clarification to reduce confusion for medically vulnerable students and families, and HB 1178 was described by TEA as a modest pathway that would help bring experienced out-of-state teachers into Texas schools more quickly. HB 126, updating Texas’ NIL law to align with the pending House settlement and allow direct payments and pre-enrollment NIL agreements, received extensive testimony from university counsel and committee questioning about the settlement, recruiting, and future college athletics rules. HB 1481, expanding school cell phone restrictions from instructional time to the entire school day, drew strong support from parents, students, educators, and advocates who linked phones to distraction, cyberbullying, and mental health harms; one teacher asked for flexibility so phones could still be used for limited academic tasks. No bills were voted out; each measure heard was left pending subject to the call of the chair, and the committee then recessed to attend the floor session.
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • , but or that participate in the cattle operation.
  • , but or that participate in the cattle operation.
  • "Built and operate as intended.
  • And that's because the city is the one that operates the water system.
  • SB 1404 grows the total amount of investment operational.
Summary: The committee heard SB 1135, which would reestablish the California Wildlife Coexistence Program to reduce human-wildlife conflict through nonlethal strategies such as deterrents, conflict reporting, and outreach. The author and supporters said the program had been effective but lost funding in 2024, and they argued it would help communities, ranchers, and wildlife by preventing conflicts before they escalate. Support came from conservation, animal welfare, local government, and county groups, while the California Cattlemen’s Association and California Farm Bureau opposed unless amended, saying the bill needed clearer limits on when nonlethal measures are practicable and protections so compensation funds for livestock losses are not reduced. Members discussed wolf-livestock conflicts, compensation, and the need for continued collaboration. The committee voted 2-0 on call to send the bill to Appropriations. The committee then heard SB 1085, which would preserve water supply assessments for large housing and development projects even when those projects are exempt from CEQA. The author and sponsor EBMUD said the bill is needed to keep water planning tied to land-use planning and avoid “paper water” problems, especially as climate and drought conditions worsen. Supporters included water agencies, environmental groups, labor, and local governments. The California Building Industry Association opposed the bill, arguing that current law already requires verified water supplies, that the bill could add unnecessary process and litigation risk, and that it could slow housing production. Members raised concerns about duplication in cities that also operate their own water systems, but the author said the goal was better coordination, not more bureaucracy. The committee voted 4-1 on call to send the bill to Local Government. The committee also heard SB 1270, which would expand the state wildfire mitigation home-hardening pilot to the top 10 counties by wildfire risk and social vulnerability, adding Riverside, Calaveras, Los Angeles, and Tehama counties and prioritizing future funds for those areas. The author said the bill responds to recent destructive fires and aims to extend home-hardening assistance to more high-risk communities. There was no opposition, and members discussed how to scale funding, whether the program should be broader than the listed counties, and how to focus on cost-effective mitigation. The committee voted 5-0 on call to send the bill to Emergency Management. Finally, the committee heard SB 895, a major science funding measure that would place a $23 billion bond on the ballot and create a California Foundation for Science and Health Research to support research in the state. The author and supporters said California’s research sector is a major economic engine and that federal funding cuts and instability threaten jobs, talent retention, and scientific progress. There was broad support from UC, CSU, labor, health, and research organizations, with no formal opposition. Some members raised concerns about the role of sponsoring unions and the potential for politicization, but the author said the new foundation would operate under California law and that the measure is meant to protect science funding and collaboration. The committee discussion continued, but the transcript excerpt ends before a final vote on SB 895.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Motion to bring up HF3405 on House Floor 2/19/26

Minnesota House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • being held, where there's been a measles outbreak, where there can read about the 911 calls, the health
  • She made a turn and was suddenly surrounded and boxed in by an unrelated incident. her traumatic brain
  • injury clinic. her traumatic brain injury clinic.
  • And she, when we were talking about health care last year, talked about how that erosion of civil rights
  • care last year talked about health care last year talked about how how how about<00:49:57.119><c> that
Keywords: 1183, house
DE
Transcript Highlights:
  • if I happen to choose a major, that would be molecular biology and some combination of that with health
  • It lowers blood pressure, increases all sorts of chemicals and good stuff in your brain that I can't
Summary: The House received communications from the Senate announcing passage of several bills and resolutions and requesting concurrence on a number of measures, including Senate Bills 287, 326, 337, 264, 294, 217, 319, and House bills such as HB 131, 299, 291, 380, 323, 296, 339, and 308, along with House Concurrent Resolution 140. The chamber briefly adjourned and then reconvened, established a quorum, approved the previous day’s minutes, and heard a prayer focused on guidance, justice, Juneteenth, and voting rights. A major item of business was House Concurrent Resolution 155, recognizing the young men from across Delaware participating in the 2026 session of Delaware’s Boy State. Several Boy State delegates were introduced and spoke about their experiences and future plans. The resolution was read by title, a voice vote was taken, and HCR 155 passed the House. Members also used privilege of the floor to introduce guests, including local officials, constituents, and a job-shadowing student. Announcements included a staff birthday, a reminder about illegal fireworks and House Bill 63, and notice that Doggy Day would return to Legislative Hall the next day. The House then passed consent calendar number 26, consisting of SCR 200, 206, 207, 209, 210, 211, and 212, and recessed to the call of the Speaker until the next day.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Energy, Utilities and Communications Committee Mar 17th, 2026

Energy, Utilities and Communications

Transcript Highlights:
  • It is ...the bill in print for the level of operational control it asserts over facilities.
  • So those who want to operate data centers, we welcome them in California.
  • The operational pressures created by data centers intersect with broader economic and public health concerns
  • SB 978 ensures that new data centers are built and operate...
  • their fair share of the infrastructure needed to support their operations.
Keywords: 987, senate, all
MO

Missouri 2026 Regular Session

Elementary and Secondary Education Feb 4th, 2026

Elementary and Secondary Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • Sawyer had struggled with mental health issues. She'd been hospitalized two times for treatment.
  • There is a ton of brain science that has helped. It helps with reversals.
  • It is causing, and you know it's causing the mental health crisis.
  • So here we are, districts saddled with costs from the fallouts, behavior issues, mental health.
  • Rising digital safety alerts tied to mental health and online behavior.
Summary: The committee first took up a combined substitute for House Bills 2115 and 1876, which would encourage cursive instruction and add a future cursive assessment. Members discussed that the substitute removed an immediate fifth-grade test and instead would phase in an assessment later, with no penalty for failure. Some members raised concerns about teacher training, costs, and added demands on elementary classrooms, while supporters said the measure was only a recommendation and could be improved on the floor. The committee adopted the substitute and then passed the House Committee Substitute for both bills on a roll call vote of 13-9, with several members present or absent. The committee then heard House Bill 2776, as amended and substituted, a teacher-certification bill aimed at addressing Missouri’s teacher shortage through a tiered associate certification system for pre-K and elementary grades. Sponsors explained that Tier 1 and Tier 2 certificates would be temporary and nonrenewable, with mentoring, literacy training, and a minimum salary floor, and that Tier 3 would lead to full certification and retirement-system participation. Members questioned the pay differential, the effect on teacher quality, the role of literacy training, and how the bill would treat leaves or incomplete years of service. After adopting an amendment and rolling it into a new substitute, the committee passed the House Committee Substitute for House Bill 2776 by a vote of 12-5 with one present. In open session, the committee heard House Bills 1698 and 2120 together, both anti-bullying measures that would strengthen reporting, parent notification, school-board awareness, and immunity protections for good-faith reporting. The sponsors described the bills as responses to a student bullying case that ended in suicide, and witnesses from the family gave emotional testimony urging immediate reporting and stronger accountability. Committee members raised questions about definitions of bullying, off-campus conduct, mandatory reporting to law enforcement, and the need to avoid sweeping in protected speech or sincerely held religious beliefs. No vote was taken on those bills in the portion provided. The committee then began testimony on House Bills 2230 and 2978, the Hands-on Learning Restoration Act, which would limit screen time and one-to-one device use in K-5 classrooms and emphasize books, paper, pencils, and cursive. Sponsors and supporters argued that heavy reliance on Chromebooks and other devices has harmed literacy, attention, and child development, citing low NAEP scores and research on handwriting and screen exposure. Teachers, physicians, and parents testified in support, while some members noted the bill may be too prescriptive and would need work on implementation, testing, and local flexibility. The hearing continued with additional testimony after the excerpt ended.
MN
Transcript Highlights:
  • He showed us Gavin's brain MRI, which showed extensive demyelination of his brain.
  • this</c> In April of 2015, Senator Miller, Hunters Hope Foundation, and the Minnesota Department of Health
  • constant reassessing of our own and a constant reassessing of our own emotional<00:27:18.799><c> health
  • stay</c><00:27:19.640><c> grounded</c><00:27:20.399><c> it</c><00:27:20.520><c> is</c> emotional health
  • to stay grounded it is emotional health to stay grounded it is our<00:27:20.880><c> parenting</c><00
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
ND

North Dakota 2026 1st Special Session

Artificial Intelligence and Data Center Committee Jul 15th, 2026

Artificial Intelligence and Data Center Committee

Transcript Highlights:
  • Texas, Arizona, Virginia, they're operating now.
  • The noise affects children's brains.
  • That's not how we operate. That's not America.
  • They operate outside of an organized market.
  • Most of the West and much of the Southeast ...operates that way.
Summary: The committee held its first meeting on artificial intelligence and data centers, establishing its purpose as a study and policy-development body rather than one aimed at producing many bills. Majority Leader Hogue urged members to move quickly, focus on federal and other states’ AI laws, consider possible federal preemption, child protections, and the siting and economic impacts of data centers. Committee leadership echoed that the goal is practical, balanced governance that protects North Dakota while allowing innovation to continue. Legislative Council staff provided a background memo and NCSL presented a detailed overview of AI concepts and the current state legislative landscape. The presentations distinguished narrow AI, generative AI, agentic AI, and theoretical AGI/ASI, and summarized major state policy themes: comprehensive AI laws in states such as Utah, Colorado, Texas, California, and Illinois; targeted laws on deepfakes, chatbots, health, education, notifications, and digital likeness; and growing use of appropriations and agency inventories. Members asked about Colorado’s repeal and reenactment, Texas’s sandbox and training provisions, oversight structures, and whether AI regulation is bipartisan; presenters said most issues cut across party lines, with broad agreement on child safety and deepfakes but more division on broader regulatory approaches. The federal update focused on executive orders, preemption, and congressional activity. NCSL described a White House framework favoring a single federal standard, a DOJ litigation task force, Commerce Department review of state laws, and possible funding conditions tied to state AI policy, though no formal state-law challenge had yet occurred. The presentation also covered a recent executive order creating a voluntary federal vetting process for advanced frontier models after safety concerns, and congressional proposals including a failed 10-year state moratorium, Senator Blackburn’s child-safety bills, the Kids Online Safety Act, a House-passed children’s digital safety package, a Senate data center moratorium proposal, and a House ratepayer/data-center bill. The committee took no formal action beyond receiving testimony and asking questions.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Floor Session Feb 13th, 2026

California House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • High School in Watts, he proudly served his country in the United States Army and later built an enduring
Summary: The Assembly met for a floor session marked largely by ceremonial and procedural business. After a quorum call, the body opened with Valentine’s Day remarks, a prayer, and the Pledge of Allegiance, followed by guest introductions recognizing California YMCA Youth and Government participants from several delegations, including Glendora High School, Crenshaw YMCA, Wilmington YMCA, and Mid Valley YMCA. On the daily file, most items were passed, retained, or continued without controversy. The only recorded vote was on the consent calendar, which included Senate Concurrent Resolution 107 honoring Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.; it was adopted 63-0. The chamber also approved a request to allow certain members to speak on adjournments in memory. Several members then offered adjournment tributes: Assembly Member Gibson honored James Armstrong, a veteran and community leader in Carson and Watts; Assembly Member Rubio remembered actor-comedian Thomas Kent Carter (TK Carter); and Assembly Member Boerner honored Dave Hodges, founder of the Belly Up Tavern in Solana Beach. The Assembly then announced there would be no session on President’s Day, with the next floor session scheduled for Tuesday, February 17 at 1 p.m., and adjourned accordingly.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Floor Session Feb 13th, 2026

California House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • High School in Watts, he proudly served his country in the United States Army and later built an enduring
Keywords: 988, house, all
LA

Louisiana 2026 Regular Session

Ways and Means Mar 17th, 2026

Transcript Highlights:
  • The Louisiana Tax Commission operates on a fee that it charges to public service utilities, banking institutions
  • It's currently their operating budget.
  • If we would not renew this, we would need to find money in the general fund to pay these operational
  • Okay, I'm trying to wrap my real estate brain around a reappraisal process because... ...around a reappraisal
  • They mess our brains up. So they teach us to be lawyers.
Summary: The Ways and Means Committee met on March 26 and first reported favorably HB 287, which renews the Louisiana Tax Commission’s authority to levy certain fees used to fund its operations. The author and Tax Commission representatives said the fee supports the commission’s appeals and assessment work and is not a new charge. The committee then adopted a technical amendment and reported HB 553 favorably as amended; that bill expands the Assessor Certification Program Committee from 5 to 11 members and adjusts education and recertification requirements for assessors. The committee then took up HB 412, a constitutional amendment on property assessment and reappraisal. After an amendment in concept was adopted to remove the bill’s proposed 30-year homestead exemption, members questioned the remaining provisions, which would tie annual assessment growth to CPI and move the reassessment cycle from four years to five. The author, assessors, and local government representatives debated whether the proposal would create predictable tax growth or instead leave many properties assessed below market value and shift burdens to businesses and local services. The author ultimately voluntarily deferred HB 412 and its companion HB 340 for further work. Members next heard HB 514 and HB 961, both senior-property-tax measures, but both were voluntarily deferred after brief discussion and technical amendments. HB 514 would have created an optional additional homestead exemption for certain homeowners age 65 and older, phased in over time and tied to income and a surviving-spouse provision; HB 961 would have extended related eligibility to certain trusts. The committee also deferred HB 515, 543, and 540 to future meetings. Finally, the committee favorably reported HB 521 and HB 570, both dealing with millage and reassessment rules. Supporters, including local government and industry groups, argued the bills would give taxing authorities more flexibility to avoid being forced to levy the maximum millage simply to preserve future authority. Assessors and local officials explained current reassessment and roll-forward rules, while the author said the bills would reduce pressure to overtax residents and businesses. HB 521 was reported favorably, and HB 570 was reported favorably as amended after adoption of a six-part amendment set, mostly technical changes.