Transcript Highlights:

• The only two pieces that I see, as someone who's served overseas... ...of understanding.
• The only two pieces that I see, as someone who's served overseas and served in combat multiple times,

Committee: House Military and Veterans Affairs

Transcript Highlights:

• but we passed, two years ago, the clean energy permitting reform in Minnesota, speeding up the deployment
• It's a smaller deployment, but if it saves people money and moves us in the right direction, we'll take
• It's<00:14:25.000><c> a</c><00:14:25.040><c> smaller</c><00:14:25.600><c> deployment,</c><00:14:26.120
• ><c> but</c><00:14:26.240><c> if</c><00:14:26.360><c> it</c> It's a smaller deployment, but if it It's
• a smaller deployment, but if it saves<00:14:26.800><c> people</c><00:14:27.080><c> money</c><00:14:27.360

Summary: The interview focused on Minnesota’s clean energy policy, energy affordability, and the state’s path toward its 100% clean electricity goal. The senator said Minnesota’s clean energy reputation comes from environmental concern, job creation, and lower long-term costs, noting that wind is now the lowest-cost generation source and that solar costs have fallen sharply. He said rising electricity demand has led to some increased coal use, but argued the state can still meet its 2040 clean energy target through continued renewable buildout, permitting reform, conservation, and demand response. A major topic was data centers. The senator emphasized both concerns and benefits, saying hyperscale data centers can bring substantial construction jobs, property tax revenue, and, under the 2025 law, payments to low-income energy assistance. He cited the Pine Island Google data center as air-cooled, with no water concerns, and said it will pay $5 million annually while funding 1,600 MW of wind, solar, and battery resources at its own expense. He also said Xcel’s filing projected a $1.1 billion ratepayer savings over 10 years, while urging the public to weigh both pros and cons, especially around water use and local tax impacts. The discussion also covered nuclear power and climate costs. The senator said the Senate has passed a nuclear study three years in a row and expects it to advance, while the moratorium on new nuclear plants remains tied to the Prairie Island Indian Community and unresolved nuclear waste storage. He argued Minnesota likely cannot reach its emissions goals without nuclear in the mix, though he acknowledged current nuclear is not cost-competitive and said future advanced or small modular nuclear could change that. On affordability, he pointed to climate-driven costs such as higher homeowners insurance and storm damage, and described Senate energy omnibus provisions including conservation, plug-in solar, and renewable development account projects such as a Como Zoo clean energy project. No votes were taken in the interview itself, but the senator referenced the recently announced budget deal and said he still needed to negotiate a renewable development account agreement between the House and Senate.

Transcript Highlights:

• approve the technology roadmap that will be used as a guide for technology needs to support NG 911 deployment
• GIS graphic information systems, GIS data remediation, and upload to the state repository for the deployment
• required graphic information systems GIS data remediation and upload to the state repository for the deployment
• required graphic information systems GIS data remediation and upload to the state repository for the deployment
• internally within the state and then eventually getting to the point that we're able to have an actually deployable

Summary: The Oklahoma 9-1-1 Management Authority met in special session, confirmed a quorum, welcomed new member Josh Huffines, approved the prior meeting minutes, and accepted financial reports for September through December 2025. The chair and staff also presented recognition awards, including thanks to former legal counsel Austin and outgoing chair Mark Sharpton, and honored Leachin Lockwood of Tulsa 911 as the state’s third-quarter Emergency Telecommunicator of the Quarter. The board addressed compliance and funding issues for several PSAPs. It authorized notice and a public-hearing process for Chokota Police Department and Pawnee Police Department if they did not complete required annual audit/reporting documents by the stated deadline. It also approved a recruitment campaign for the 9-1-1 profession, including a website landing page and media outreach, and transferred $150,000 from reserves to support that effort. In addition, the board approved a technology roadmap outlining statewide priorities such as mapping, GIS integration, satellite emergency communications, push-to-talk interoperability, and CAD sharing. Several grants were approved, including GIS remediation and maintenance for Drumright and Love County, a Next Gen 9-1-1 call-handling solution for Muskogee 911, and CAD integration for Sand Springs and Mercy EMS. A Love County public hearing on GIS noncompliance was rendered moot after the grant approval, and the board voted to take no action on escrowing Love County funds. Staff reports highlighted boundary verification letters, the upcoming 911 Day at the Capitol, cybersecurity training, 911/988 integration progress, Virtual Academy training totals, and ongoing work on NG911 RFPs, coordinator workshops, and county-level implementation projects. The meeting also included legislative updates on HB 4092 and HB 2710, with the latter described as creating a parallel state radio/911 structure, and the session adjourned with no public comments or new business.

Transcript Highlights:

• There's a board that is to advise on the direction of the NG 911 deployment throughout the counties.
• </c><00:02:16.400><c> the</c><00:02:16.560><c> NG</c><00:02:16.959><c> 911</c><00:02:17.440><c> deployment
• </c> direction of the NG 911 deployment direction of the NG 911 deployment through<00:02:18.239><c> throughout

Committee: Joint Technology

Transcript Highlights:

• The amendment is necessary for the university to continue implementation, deployment, updating, and ongoing
• Elysian Consulting Services allows the university to continue enhancements, upgrades, and deployment
• Elysian Consulting Services allows the university to continue enhancements, upgrades, and deployment

Summary: The Joint Legislative Committee on the Budget met on March 19, 2006, and first approved a fiscal status statement and five-year baseline budget with no changes. The committee then approved several B.A. 7 budget adjustments, including additional authority for the Department of Culture, Recreation and Tourism for cultural development activities, a federal Rural Health Transformation Program grant for the Department of Health with 15 added positions, and a $1 million increase from the major events incentive fund to reimburse costs tied to the Zurich Classic of New Orleans. The committee also reviewed a Louisiana Military Department project to convert Building 2013 at Jackson Barracks into a cyber warfare operations facility, increasing total funding authority to $29.7 million to add a SCIF component. Members approved clarifications of legislative intent for several prior appropriations, including parish drainage and local government items, and approved extensions or amendments to contracts for tourism advertising, the Office of Risk Management’s third-party claims administrator, and a DEQ contract with RTI International. The committee heard presentations on two university-related items: Louisiana Tech’s plan to shift campus buildings from its aging in-house cogeneration system to utility service from the City of Ruston and a local gas provider, which is expected to save money even after debt service, and UL Lafayette’s request to extend a consulting contract for continued support of its Banner ERP system. Members asked questions about the Louisiana Tech project’s scope and savings, but no objections were raised on the items before the committee. The meeting concluded with adjournment after a motion by Senator Fesi.

Transcript Highlights:

• . >> But, but they going to be overseas. What about these folks overseas?
• </c><02:00:18.320><c> What</c> &gt;&gt; But, but they going to be overseas.
• What &gt;&gt; But, but they going to be overseas.
• </c> about these folks overseas? about these folks overseas?
• </c><02:03:14.880><c> and</c> versus me making it if we overseas and versus me making it if we overseas

Summary: The Alabama Senate convened with prayer and the Pledge of Allegiance, confirmed a quorum, excused absent senators, and adopted the previous day’s journal. The chamber also recognized guests, including members of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority and employees of the Central Alabama Electric Cooperative. A senator then delivered a Black History Month-style presentation highlighting James Weldon Johnson, A. Philip Randolph, Jan E. Matzeliger, and Percy Lavon Julian for their contributions to civil rights, labor, industry, and science. The Senate received House messages referring two Archives and History board appointments to the Committee on Confirmations, then took up numerous committee reports. Several bills from Finance and Taxation, Judiciary, Education Policy, Agriculture, Fiscal Responsibility and Economic Development, Healthcare, Tourism, Veterans and Military Affairs, State Government Affairs, and Local Legislation received favorable reports, some with amendments or substitutes, and were advanced to second reading and placement on the next legislative day’s calendar. The chamber also recommitted Senate Bill 266 to the Tourism Committee. The Senate confirmed multiple appointments, including Llaya McNair to the Alabama Trust Fund Board, several members to the Credit Union Administration Board, and Elizabeth Smithart, Leslie Sanders, and Wayne Sers to the Alabama State Board of Human Resources. It then adopted several resolutions, including commendations and memorials, such as resolutions honoring Mary Francis Holland, the Stanhope Elmore boys bowling team, and Alicia Cannon for more than 50 years of service to the Alabama judicial system. The Senate also adopted a resolution creating the Study Commission on Artificial Intelligence and Children’s Internet Safety, after discussion about its purpose, membership, and duties; an amendment to the commission resolution was adopted before the resolution itself was adopted.

Transcript Highlights:

• It's a very different kind of deployment class. Microreactors.
• It's a very different kind of deployment class.
• They tend to be much higher cost, but much more deployable.
• So, you know, development interests can come before deployment.
• So, you know, development interests can come before deployment.

Committee: Joint Advanced Nuclear Energy Committee

Transcript Highlights:

• It's a very different kind of deployment class. Microreactors.
• It's a very different kind of deployment class.
• They tend to be much higher cost, but much more deployable.
• So, you know, development interests can come before deployment.
• So, you know, development interests can come before deployment.

Summary: The Advanced Nuclear Energy Committee met to review prior minutes and hear a series of presentations on advanced nuclear technology and state readiness. The committee approved the April 21, 2022 minutes. Nucleon’s William Bridge outlined the advanced nuclear landscape, distinguishing near-term light-water SMRs from more advanced Gen 4 reactors and microreactors, and emphasized that fuel supply, especially HALEU, remains a developing supply chain. He said light-water designs are the most deployable in the near term, while advanced reactors may be better suited for industrial heat applications and could face a 2- to 3-year delay from fuel availability. Representatives from NASEO described how other states are supporting advanced nuclear through task forces, roadmaps, pilot programs, financing tools, workforce and supply-chain efforts, and regional coordination. They highlighted the Advanced Nuclear First Mover Initiative and stressed that states are focusing early on emergency preparedness, community engagement, waste management, affordability, and consumer protections. They also noted that some states are creating nuclear-ready community programs and cost-recovery guardrails, while public utility commissions are examining long-term lifecycle costs and rate impacts. North Dakota agencies then outlined their potential roles. The Public Service Commission said it would likely be involved in public-interest review, siting, and rate regulation, but noted current statutes may not fully address long-term nuclear projects, co-location, or decommissioning. The Department of Environmental Quality said it would continue to regulate radioactive materials and likely support emergency planning, while fission reactor oversight remains federal. The Department of Emergency Services said it would serve as the lead off-site preparedness agency, needing a radiological emergency program, training, exercises, equipment, and possibly industry funding. The Department of Water Resources said North Dakota has sufficient surface water, especially from the Missouri River, but that water planning would be important; it did not recommend statutory or budget changes at this time. The committee recessed for lunch after these presentations, with no additional votes or actions taken.

Transcript Highlights:

• This demonstrates the growing need for community resilience solutions, including the strategic deployment
• The microgrid project deployment still remains limited, and state agencies continue to identify interconnection
• That was intended to facilitate the development and deployment of microgrids.
• First, it expands the authority of the consortia to support all aspects of broadband, from deployment
• While significant progress has been made on deployment, our communities need support navigating adoption

Committee: Senate Energy, Utilities and Communications

Transcript Highlights:

• We have led in R&D for decades, but we don't do the commercialization; we don't do the deployment here
• It's not just quantum and advanced energy; there are 6G deployment capabilities.
• Line 16: basically this is to put money for research, development, and deployment.
• Uh, Senator Padilla mentioned HB 93 with the microgrid legislation, utility pre-deployment, SB 170 that
• So I've already approved six different sites or expedited PRC review for utility pre-deployment since

Committees: Senate Senate Finance , Senate House Appropriations & Finance

Transcript Highlights:

• difficulty that farmers are having across this country as well as in this state, you know, it depends on overseas
• So first, I was exposed to these overseas when I was living in Dubai.
• I was the... ...overseas when I was living in Dubai.

Committee: All AGRICULTURE- HOUSE SMALL BUSINESS & ECONOMIC DEV. SUBCOM.

Summary: The committee approved the minutes from its October 27 meeting and then heard testimony on the economic and regulatory effects of Arkansas’s raw milk law, Act 698. Clinton Ballard of Milk and Honey Hill Farm said the law helped his family farm expand from 8 to 12 cows and from serving about 75 families to about 150, increasing sales by roughly $50,000 and allowing about $10,000 in raw cheese sales through retail outlets. He argued the law supports small-farm income, food security, and local processing, but said state health agencies still do not inspect raw milk producers unless they sell to a commercial buyer, which he said limits access to USDA grants and other opportunities. He and members discussed safety practices, including rapid chilling, sick-animal removal, sanitation, customer education, and whether any optional state certification or inspection program should be created without adding burdensome regulation. Members asked about herd management, bee production, market channels, and whether raw milk producers should receive training or certification. Ballard said his farm uses Jerseys, removes sick cows from production, sells on-farm and through retail locations, and relies on best-practice guidance from groups such as the Weston A. Price Foundation and the Raw Milk Institute. Several members expressed support for consumer choice but also raised concerns about food safety, especially for children and pregnant women, and about possible “mission creep” if the state creates a voluntary inspection or training system. The discussion ended without any vote or formal action on the raw milk issue. The committee then heard a lengthy presentation from Terrence Bolden of TLB Enterprises on hydroponic and container-based farming as a response to food insecurity, food deserts, and workforce needs. Bolden described a three-year career and technical education model using retrofitted shipping containers to grow food year-round with low water and energy use, paired with training in drones, robotics, agribusiness, and entrepreneurship. He said pilot projects are underway or planned with UAPB, the Little Rock School District, and other partners, and projected that five regional hubs could create significant economic impact and multiple jobs per container. Members asked about costs, target communities, school partnerships, food desert locations, and whether the model could include aquaponics or protein production; Bolden said the program is intended as a public-private partnership and that the committee could tour a container site once it is operational. The meeting adjourned after the presentation and questions.

Transcript Highlights:

• effectively prohibit the children of United States service members who are born and have always lived overseas
• Lived overseas from voting in Arizona, even if their parents are from Arizona.
• If the overseas child would like to be a resident of the state, they can declare Arizona as their residence

Transcript Highlights:

• The first is Second Substitute Senate Bill 6035 relating to voting services for military overseas, Native
• It also removes authority for service voters, overseas voters, and voters with disabilities to use the
• is an important piece of legislation to make sure that we are ensuring access to voting for our overseas

Bills: SB5000 , SB5325 , SB6044 , SB6313 , SB6084 , SB6137

Committee: House State Government & Tribal Relations

Keywords: state nickname, evergreen state, identity, cultural heritage, tourism, state cactus, symbolic designation, ecological significance, state symbols, SB 6044, Diwali, Bandi Chhor Divas, Washington state holidays, RCW 1.16.050, state holiday recognition, religious observance, Hindu holiday, Sikh holiday, cultural recognition, paid holiday

Transcript Highlights:

• carrying one vile indefinitely<00:24:24.360><c> taking</c><00:24:24.679><c> it</c><00:24:24.960><c> overseas
• </c><00:24:25.880><c> it</c> indefinitely taking it overseas it indefinitely taking it overseas it expires

Summary: The committee met with a quorum and took up several insurance and health-related bills, beginning with Senate Bill 18, which was presented by Senator Girdler and insurance witness Adam Sheridan. The bill was described as addressing a shortage of garage liability insurance for used auto dealers in Kentucky, which has left many small dealers with only one or two coverage options and, in some cases, unable to obtain the insurance needed for a dealer license. The committee adopted a motion and second, then passed SB 18 unanimously and reported it favorably with the recommendation that it pass on the House floor. The committee then considered Senate Bill 24, also presented by Senator Girdler with testimony from Eric DeCampo of the National Insurance Crime Bureau. The bill was framed as an anti-fraud measure that would expand the definition of a fraudulent insurance act to cover misrepresentations about property damage and repair costs in property insurance claims. Testimony emphasized that insurance fraud raises premiums for consumers and that the bill would help deter inflated or fabricated claims. After a brief question about whether the bill created new felonies, the committee voted to pass SB 24 unanimously and report it favorably. House Bill 524, presented by Rep. Aaron Thompson with officials from the Office of the Controller and State Risk, would extend reinsurance requirements for the state’s fire and tornado/self-insurance fund from July 1 of this year to July 1, 2030, and rename the fund the Commonwealth’s Property and Casualty Insurance Fund. The bill was moved, seconded, and passed unanimously. House Bill 421, presented by Rep. Amy Neighbors, would require full coverage of FDA-approved bowel preps without out-of-pocket cost or prior authorization issues and update colorectal cancer screening coverage rules for high-risk patients by incorporating multisociety task force guidelines. Members discussed the bill’s personal importance and its minimal fiscal impact; it passed unanimously with a committee substitute. House Bill 236, presented by Rep. Adam Moore and Commissioner Sharon Clark, would cap annual out-of-pocket costs for epinephrine at $100. Members spoke in support, including personal remarks about the importance of access to epinephrine, and the bill passed unanimously with a favorable recommendation. Finally, House Bill 210, presented by Rep. Michael “Sarge” Pollock and Dr. Steve Robertson of the Kentucky Dental Association, addressed dental limited benefit plans and direct payment to dentists. Members asked whether the bill also affected vision/hearing arrangements or third-party administrators; the witness said it was intended for non-ERISA dental plans in Kentucky and suggested follow-up with the commissioner for further clarification. The committee adopted the committee substitute and then passed HB 210 favorably, with 15 yes votes and no votes against. The meeting then adjourned, with a reminder about the Banking and Insurance dinner later that evening.

Transcript Highlights:

• We I had one soldier this current deployment for state active duty.
• <00:05:35.039><c> current</c> this with this just last current this with this just last current deployment
• </c><00:05:38.639><c> And</c> deployment um for state active duty.
• And deployment um for state active duty.

Transcript Highlights:

• But for us, as they build up and we can do less deployments when they're assigned to Operation Lone Star
• They work, it's a 9 day deployment, so they get 2 days of 24 hours of straight overtime.
• level of exhaustion, particularly with DPS, number of moves back and forth and, you know, temporary deployments
• We've adjusted many times and we're used to deployments - hurricanes, wildfires, border.

Committee: Senate Border Security

Summary: The Senate Committee on Border Security held its first hearing of the 89th legislative session, established a quorum, welcomed new and returning members, and adopted the committee rules without objection. The chair said the hearing would be limited to invited state agency witnesses and was intended as a status update for new members on current border operations, especially in light of the change in federal administration. Testimony came from the Office of the Attorney General, Texas Department of Public Safety, and the Texas Military Department. The Attorney General’s representative said border-related litigation is largely in a holding pattern while the new U.S. Department of Justice awaits additional leadership, and noted prior cases involving concertina wire, buoys, and the CBP One app. DPS described Operation Lone Star’s evolution from filling gaps when Border Patrol was overwhelmed to current operations focused on interdiction, criminal arrests, fentanyl and meth seizures, and national security concerns, while also noting improved morale and more voluntary deployments as border pressure has eased. The Texas Military Department reported more than 5,000 personnel on state active duty, extensive use of barriers, drones, boats, and rapid-response forces, and said Operation Lone Star has resulted in more than 531,000 apprehensions and a 90% reduction in illegal crossings. Members and witnesses discussed whether the state should maintain its current border-security footprint while federal policy settles, with the chair emphasizing preserving institutional knowledge and leaving tactical decisions to the governor. Questions also covered trooper fatigue, Border Patrol training under SB 602, and concerns about cartel-driven commercial trucking and fuel depots near the border. The committee heard that Border Patrol training with DPS has resumed, and the chair asked agencies to keep the Legislature informed as legal and operational circumstances change. No bills were heard and no votes were taken beyond adopting the committee rules.

Transcript Highlights:

• So as they're looking at this nuclear-ready community certification process, it's not just about deployment
• going to have a nuclear project in their county, to raise the literacy and drive toward nuclear deployment
• Raise the literacy and drive toward nuclear deployment in the state.
• you haven't solicited interest, you have done some pre-identification of technically where the deployment
• of regulatory constraints in coordination with a Nuclear Regulatory Commission to support that deployment

Summary: The committee met for its final meeting and approved the June 16 minutes. The main focus was policy development for advanced nuclear energy, including used fuel disposition, community engagement, and Wyoming’s legislative framework for nuclear development. Rod McCullum of the Nuclear Energy Institute briefed members on DOE’s “innovation campus” initiative for used nuclear fuel, explaining that DOE has narrowed responses to five states—Utah, Tennessee, Oklahoma, Idaho, and Louisiana—and is seeking host agreements by September 30. He said the effort likely requires both federal and state legislation, and industry disputes DOE’s proposal to restart the nuclear waste fee, arguing the Nuclear Waste Fund should instead be used through appropriations for disposal-related work. He also answered questions about Yucca Mountain’s failure, deep seabed disposal, and international approaches to spent fuel, emphasizing consent-based siting and collaboration with states, localities, and tribes. Envoy Public Labs/GAIN presenters Chase Blazer and Austin Blanche described state-led community engagement models for advanced nuclear projects. They highlighted examples from Kentucky, Indiana, New York, Illinois, Nebraska, Wyoming, Utah, and Connecticut, noting that successful siting depends on early public education, local government support, workforce planning, and, in some cases, state funding for early site permitting. Committee members asked how broad engagement should be, whether it should be countywide or regional, and how small modular reactors differ in public outreach; the presenters said the approach should match the project footprint and local concerns, but that even SMRs still require broad education and stakeholder involvement. Wyoming Senator K.L. Case and Wyoming Energy Futures CEO Rita Meyer then described Wyoming’s legislative history and TerraPower’s Natrium project in Kemmerer. They reviewed Wyoming’s earlier 1995 high-level waste law, which effectively froze nuclear development until reforms in 2022 allowed on-site storage of waste from an active in-state reactor and removed much of the state-level permitting burden. Meyer said the project is now in construction, with a sodium-cooled fast reactor and molten-salt storage system, but faces major supply-chain challenges—especially HALEU fuel—and relies on private investment plus a federal ARDP grant rather than state dollars. Members asked about water supply, investor motives, supply-chain bottlenecks, and state revenue; the presenters said water comes from a PacifiCorp surface-water contract, investors are seeking long-term returns, and Wyoming expects benefits through property and sales taxes and a per-megawatt-hour fee rather than direct state investment.

Transcript Highlights:

• The only two pieces that I see, as someone who's served overseas, Of understanding.
• The only two pieces that I see, as someone who's served overseas and served in combat multiple times,

Summary: The Assembly Military and Veterans Affairs Committee heard four bills, with AB 1616 (Davies) and AB 1638 (Ta) placed on consent and later approved unanimously. The committee then heard AB 1775 (Ward), which would provide state support for veterans affected by the federal executive order targeting transgender service members, including prioritizing them for discharge-upgrade assistance, housing support, and expedited professional licensing. Supporters described the bill as a response to abrupt separations, loss of benefits, housing instability, and employment harm; there was no formal opposition. Members raised questions about how the state would verify eligibility and avoid unintended coverage of discharges based on other reasons, and the author said applicants would need a DD-214 and supplemental documentation showing the discharge was solely due to the executive order. AB 1775 was passed on a due-pass motion and referred to the Committee on Business and Professions. The committee also heard AB 2022 (Gonzalez), which would provide a full property tax exemption for the primary residences of veterans who are 100% service-connected disabled, and extend the exemption to unmarried surviving spouses. The author and supporters said the bill is intended to prevent homelessness and help severely disabled veterans remain in their homes amid California’s high housing costs. Committee discussion focused on the size of the eligible population and the fiscal impact, with the author noting the measure applies to a much smaller group than all disabled veterans and that he would provide more cost information later. AB 2022 was approved as amended and referred to the Committee on Revenue and Taxation. By the end of the hearing, all bills on the agenda were reported out 8-0.

Transcript Highlights:

• So we really have very good deployment.
• technical service teams that sit next to state agencies, make sure that they're getting adoption and deployment
• excited about innovation, and that's great, and then we started thinking about security after its deployment
• So we have 98% deployment, 75% utilization. Okay, 75%.
• So incorporating, we often think of partners in IT deployment as the vendor and the IT team.

Summary: The Assembly Select Committee on Cybersecurity and the Assembly Committee on Emergency Management held a joint informational hearing focused on maximizing the value of state cybersecurity investments, especially by fully using security features already included in existing vendor contracts. The first panel included representatives from Microsoft, Zscaler, and Palo Alto Networks, who described the products and services they provide to California and generally agreed that agencies often have strong adoption in some areas but still face challenges from tool overlap, limited staff, lack of awareness of available features, and the need for ongoing training and configuration support. They also discussed major threats such as ransomware, data loss, attack-surface exposure, IoT/OT vulnerabilities, and the growing role of AI in both attacks and defenses. Members pressed the vendors on whether state departments underuse purchased cybersecurity tools, how to improve utilization, and how to address the cybersecurity workforce shortage. The vendors said utilization is often constrained by staffing, procurement complexity, and the need to align tools with agency missions and maturity levels, but emphasized that training, leadership buy-in, and regular vendor-agency collaboration can improve results. They also discussed how AI can help with phishing triage, data-loss prevention, and security operations, while warning that agencies must manage AI safely and with human oversight. The second panel featured officials from the Department of Technology, Cal OES/CalSIC, and the California Military Department. They described statewide oversight efforts including audits, independent security assessments, continuous monitoring, advisory services, vulnerability disclosure programs, and workforce development initiatives such as the Information Security Leadership Academy and Cybersecurity Education Summit. Officials said some underutilization is real, but it is often tied to differing agency maturity, overlapping tools, and deliberate feature restrictions to reduce attack surface and complexity; they emphasized a balanced approach using people, process, and technology, with plans of action and milestones to hold departments accountable. They also noted federal uncertainty around MS-ISAC and the state and local cybersecurity grant program, saying California is advocating through federal partners and monitoring the impact. The hearing ended after public comment and adjournment.

Transcript Highlights:

• So we really have very good deployment. And then we also have cloud services, which are consistent.
• excited about innovation, and that's great, and then we started thinking about security after its deployment
• So we have 98% deployment. 75% utilization. Okay, 75%.
• So incorporating, we often think of partners in IT deployment as the vendor and the IT team.
• So incorporating, we often think of partners in IT deployment as the vendor and the IT team.

Summary: The Assembly Select Committee on Cybersecurity and the Committee on Emergency Management held a joint informational hearing on maximizing the value of state cybersecurity investments, with a focus on whether California is fully using the security features already included in vendor contracts. The first panel included Microsoft, Zscaler, and Palo Alto Networks, whose representatives described the products and services they provide to the state, including endpoint protection, data loss prevention, zero-trust access, attack surface management, incident response, and AI-enabled security tools. They generally said utilization is strong in some areas but that underuse can occur because of limited staff, lack of awareness, overlapping tools, audit-driven purchases, and the difficulty of keeping up with rapidly changing threats and products. They also emphasized the need for training, leadership buy-in, and coordination among IT, procurement, budget, and mission staff. Members pressed the vendors on risks such as ransomware, data loss, IoT and operational technology vulnerabilities, major events like the World Cup and Olympics, and the role of AI in both attacks and defense. The vendors said AI is already changing both sides of cybersecurity, speeding attacks but also helping defenders triage alerts and improve response times. They also discussed workforce shortages and the challenge of retaining trained staff in state government. One public commenter argued that restrictive software licensing can worsen cybersecurity by locking customers into vendors and limiting flexibility, integration, and modernization. The second panel featured the Department of Technology, Cal OES/CalSIC, and the California Military Department. CDT said its audits, maturity metrics, independent security assessments, continuous monitoring, advisory services, and vulnerability disclosure program are helping improve statewide security, and that departments are making progress but still vary in maturity. Cal OES and CalSIC described training, advisories, cyber advisory services, and statewide exercises like Cyber Dawn, while the Military Department said its assessment teams have seen significant score improvements over time. Officials said underutilization is not always due to lack of awareness; sometimes features are intentionally disabled to reduce attack surface or because tools overlap. The hearing also covered federal funding concerns, including the reduction of MS-ISAC support and the final year of the state and local cybersecurity grant program, and the meeting adjourned after public comment.