Transcript Highlights:

• So I can't conceive of how there could logically be a fiscal impact. ...so if governmental entities don't
• Obviously, if a governmental entity chooses to make its facilities available for the course, then that
• governmental entity—via a county, a city, a school district, what have you—is obviously going to have
• The prohibition does not prohibit a county library district, municipal library, or other entity with
• Charter schools, which I'm sure you're alluding to, are a different kind of entity.

Bills: HB2008, HB2075, HB2203, HB2395, HB2409

Keywords: school libraries, public school libraries, library funding, professional associations, library associations, librarians, information services, dues, membership fees, public monies, school governing body, county free library district, municipal library, library contracts, library services, books and programs, Arizona education, Title 15, Library Freedom Act, school district transparency

Transcript Highlights:

• How does this private entity come in?
• How do you guarantee that that private entity has the certification to do that?
• There are already entities, private entities, that perform these services.
• be, you know, or foreign ownership or partial ownership, or do they all have to be 100% owned by entities
• be, you know, or foreign ownership or partial ownership, or do they all have to be 100% owned by entities

Summary: The committee considered several RS drafts and one bill, with most of the discussion focused on property rights, business regulation, and state payment modernization. RS 32990, which would allow businesses to use a commercial registered agent address instead of a home address, was introduced after questions about whether it could make it harder to tell if a business is actually located in Idaho. RS 33170, dealing with short-term rentals, was also introduced; the sponsor said it would clarify property owners’ rights while preserving existing nuisance and public-safety protections. RS 33182, requiring employers to verify legal immigration status through E-Verify, was introduced after members said they wanted to discuss carve-outs and current verification practices in more detail. The committee then heard RS 33102, which would extend the state’s inspection “shot clock” to mechanical, electrical, and plumbing inspections. Members asked how the private-inspector backup system would work, whether municipalities might delay inspections knowing private options exist, and how refunds or certifications would be handled. The sponsor said the bill continues last session’s approach and that private inspectors are already certified, but several questions were left for the full hearing. RS 33063, a stablecoin proposal, drew the most skepticism and questions about whether it resembled a digital dollar, the fiscal impact, company ownership restrictions, and whether foreign ownership could be involved. Despite concerns, the committee voted to introduce it. Finally, the committee heard House Bill 512, which would reinstate an open-book Idaho jurisprudence exam for land surveyors. The sponsor and several surveyors testified that Idaho-specific law is essential because surveying affects property boundaries, rights-of-way, subdivisions, and irrigation issues, and that mistakes can lead to costly disputes years later. Opponents were not prominent in the testimony, though members asked about reciprocity and how out-of-state surveyors are licensed. After public testimony, the committee voted to send HB 512 to the floor with a due pass recommendation. The meeting then adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• these state officers and employees are prohibited from participating in state transactions with an entity
• employee is not a party, but has an ownership interest of 1% or more, rather than 10% or more, in an entity
• subjected to discrimination on the grounds of race, color, or national origin by any governmental entity
• In this state, many governmental entities within Washington provide services for those with limited English
• Department of Licensing, for an exemption that By an entity, in this case, the Washington Department

Bills: HB2352, HB2237, HB2249, HB2475, HB2408, HB2435, HB2309, HB2244, HB2281

Keywords: conflict of interest, transparency, state employees, municipal officers, ethics, fire safety, state fire marshals, regulation, public safety, emergency services, HB 2249, Washington Technology Solutions, WaTech, civil service, classified service, exempt employees, state employment, state personnel, network security, cybersecurity

Transcript Highlights:

• REALLY THEY HAVE GIVEN US THE ABILITY TO HAVE AN ENTITY WHICH IS CATEGORY SPECIFIC LEVEL TO BE ABLE TO
• AROUND SEVENTEEN PERCENT AGRICULTURE. 60 PERCENT OF THE LAND USE IN THE WATERSHED AND THE OTHER ENTITIES
• MAPS AND THE LARGE CONTRIBUTORS I KNOW CERTAINLY IN MY LOCAL WATERSHED EYES SEE SOME OF THE HIGHEST ENTITY
• IT SOMETHING MORE PRIVATE ENTITY CAME TO US AND OFFERED US A PROJECT AND IF IT IS A PROJECT THAT WE CAN
• MANY ENTITIES ARE CONCERNED. >> Chair: MR.

Transcript Highlights:

• was the function behind 2038 was to make sure that our private property rights are not lost to an entity
• Either they have an agreement, uh, to act, uh, with an entity or a party.
• To a non-governmental entity because we can't do that under the Constitution.
• Uh, regulatory entity.
• I'm gonna use regulatory entity rather than city because that's a city issue.

Transcript Highlights:

• City equity and inclusion initiatives by certain governmental entities are particularly on the state
• HB 1557 by Moody relating to the waiver programs for certain veterans provide by toll project entities
• to the required voter approval for the construction of the new toll project for the toll project entity
• tax appraisals, HB 1623 by Lauterbach relating to eligibility of certain foreign individuals or entities
• Relating to private civil cause, action against local entities and campus police departments that violate

Keywords: 1184, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Um, so I don't know that there's entities that would fall into all three of them.
• </c><00:13:55.160><c> to</c><00:13:55.280><c> be</c> created for entities to be created for entities
• Yes, so when it comes to health care entities, a lot of the entities, the 11 out of, I think, the 18
• An entity shall limit the collection to what is reasonable and disclosed in a privacy policy.
• Sorry, I just—there was a specific entity that pushed for that, or where the language came from?

Keywords: 926, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• </c><00:22:50.480><c> which</c> non-publicly accountable entities which non-publicly accountable entities
• </c><00:23:28.000><c> could</c> models where different entities could models where different entities
• Let's say we invested the RDA money in and it goes to private entities.
• We have four entities, and the trend in agriculture is to bigger and bigger and bigger.
• And you know, I I have entities.

Bills: HF2103, HF4508

Keywords: energy, renewable energy, ammonia, hydrogen, certificate tracking, funding, environment, elk, cervidae, cervid importation, chronic wasting disease, CWD, animal health, livestock, wildlife disease, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, state veterinarian, zoo, Association of Zoos and Aquariums, AZA

Transcript Highlights:

• </c><00:34:37.200><c> entities</c><00:34:37.720><c> who</c><00:34:37.800><c> will</c> works for the entities
• entities who will works for the entities entities who will serve<00:34:38.280><c> as</c><00:34:38.440
• , but I I I I worry different entities, but I I I I worry here<00:47:25.320><c> that</c><00:47:25.920
• entity with an appraisal<00:53:19.960><c> value.
• </c><00:53:36.400><c> might</c> versus what the acquiring entity might versus what the acquiring entity

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• We do have resources that are available to support entities in pursuing direct pay.
• Ultimately, an entity can receive up to 60 to 70% returned back in the form of a check.
• </c><00:42:48.000><c> in</c> available to support entities in available to support entities in pursuing
• Again, you can go in and search by entity type.
• Why is tax exemption considered a subsidy to municipal entities?

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• have LLCs and still farm, and that bill would preclude them if they have LLCs or other corporate entities
• And what SALT does, it allows pass-through entities to elect to pay state income tax at the entity level
• And the taxes then are at the entity level rather than the member filing, and they're very modest.
• Right now, I file my S-Corp, but in addition to that, I file a pass-through entity return.
• And on that pass-through entity return, it calculates up how much state taxes that...

Summary: The committee first heard Senate Bill 994, which would extend taxpayer protection from penalties and interest when a taxpayer claims a tax credit that has reached its cap and then receives a Department of Revenue notice for underpayment. Senator Henderson said the bill mirrors existing language for the Champion for Children tax credit, would require payment within 60 days to avoid penalties and interest, and includes technical fixes for the beginning farmer tax credit and school-district reporting. The bill drew support from Missouri Soybean, Feeding Missouri, Missouri Farm Bureau, and Missouri Corn Growers, while the State Public Advocate initially objected to tax credits generally but said he would support the bill once he understood it did not create a new credit. No vote was taken. The committee then heard House Bill 1743, which would bar courts from depriving individuals of property for failure to pay property taxes, with the sponsor arguing that tax sales disproportionately harm low-income and elderly homeowners. Members raised concerns about weakening tax collection and the impact on local taxing districts, while the sponsor said liens and wage garnishment would still be available and that the bill was aimed at protecting homeownership. The Missouri County Collector’s Association opposed the bill, saying tax sales are rare, payment plans are common, and redemption periods already provide protection. The bill was left at hearing with no action. House Bill 2461, presented with nearly identical companion language from another member, would extend and expand Missouri’s donated food tax credit through 2032, raise the cap for food pantries, soup kitchens, and homeless shelters, and create a separate bucket for food banks. Sponsors and Feeding Missouri said the credit is expiring, demand for food assistance is high, and food banks need access to the program to leverage corporate donations; they also discussed a possible amendment to preserve eligibility if the individual income tax is eliminated. The State Public Advocate opposed the bill as another tax credit cost, but the Department of Revenue said the bill would streamline administration and had no fiscal impact. The committee also heard House Bill 3405, which would reclassify the SALT parity pass-through entity provision as a deduction rather than a tax credit for reporting purposes; the sponsor and Department of Revenue said this would improve clarity and reduce administrative burden without changing revenue, and business groups supported it. No votes were taken on any of the bills.

Transcript Highlights:

• It's for another entity to use it for fundraising.
• However, to qualify, the governmental entity must manage the land consistent with a designated forest
• land or timber land program, and the governmental entity must provide the county assessor with a timber
• The end result is that this timberland sold to a governmental entity would be subject to the 1.28% real
• The end result is that this timberland sold to a governmental entity would be subject to the 1.28% real

Bills: SB6003, HB2353, HB2431, HB1983

Keywords: capital budget, funding, infrastructure, state projects, budget allocation, HB 2353, predesign thresholds, capital construction, major capital projects, Office of Financial Management, OFM, Washington state, state agencies, infrastructure planning, construction costs, inflation adjustment, capital facilities, project review, allotments, lease approval

Transcript Highlights:

• Okay, our next panel is focused on an implementation update from California energy entities.
• Looking ahead, The CPUC jurisdictional load-serving entities are continuing to procure to meet ongoing
• The executive order called out Go-Biz to work more closely with local entities through our Clean Energy
• So we do know that all of our load-serving entities are trying to sign the contracts the best they can
• And I think that the procurement orders of the CPUC are continuing to keep our load-serving entities

Summary: The Assembly Committee on Utilities and Energy held an oversight hearing on accelerating clean energy development and helping projects capture expiring federal tax credits. The chair framed the hearing around federal actions under HR 1, which sharply shortens the timeline for wind and solar projects to qualify for tax credits, and Governor Newsom’s Executive Order N-3325, which directs state agencies to speed siting, permitting, and construction. Sarah Fitzsimmons of the Independent Energy Producers Association explained the federal deadlines, the shift from the 5% safe-harbor test to a physical-work test, and the main bottlenecks California projects face, especially interconnection delays, environmental review, and limited transparency around self-build options for network upgrades. Panelists from the Union of Concerned Scientists, Southern California Edison, and EDF Power Solutions largely agreed that transmission constraints, permitting, and queue management remain the biggest barriers. UCS emphasized long-standing transmission delays, the need for more accountability and standardized reporting, and the importance of keeping reforms focused on the projects most likely to reach completion. SCE said it has increased interconnection throughput through process changes, digital tools, and coordination with regulators, while noting that developers and utilities must work closely together on project-specific issues. EDF described how overlapping permitting, interconnection, and procurement timelines create risk, and argued that clearer policies on self-builds, equipment standards, and affected-system studies could help reduce delays. State agency representatives from the CPUC, CAISO, and Go-Biz reported strong recent clean energy progress, including record levels of new capacity and battery storage coming online, and described ongoing efforts such as the Integrated Resource Planning process, General Order 131-E updates, the Transmission Project Review Process, the Transmission Development Forum, and the TED Task Force. They said these efforts are helping identify delays, improve transparency, and coordinate solutions, including possible self-build arrangements and local permitting reforms. Committee members pressed the agencies on who is ultimately in charge of the effort, whether the state has quantified the ratepayer impact of losing federal tax credits, and whether the 90-day report required by the executive order is complete; the agencies said the report is still in development. Public commenters echoed the need to move beyond monitoring toward stronger prioritization and accountability to meet the 2029 and 2030 project deadlines.

Transcript Highlights:

• We traveled across the state and listened to constituents, be they the taxpayer or the taxing entities
• And for me, seeing the neighbors, seeing the adjacent buildings, those things are our taxing entities
• There are those taxing entities who will seek to get the... ...There are those taxing entities who will
• The idea that school boards or these taxing entities are not planning for their The idea that school
• The idea that, you know, the percentage turnout and the schools or the taxing entities want it on the

Summary: The House convened with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, and approval of the House Journal by roll call vote, 120-0. Members then used personal privilege and guest introductions to recognize several groups and visitors, including Alpha Phi Alpha members, students from multiple schools and programs, dental hygienists, public administrators, credit union representatives, National History Day participants, and others. One member also spoke emotionally about a relative killed in a domestic violence incident and requested a moment of silence in her honor. The main floor action centered on House Committee Substitute for House Bills 2780 and 2668, a large property tax reform package. The sponsor described it as the product of extensive statewide hearings and public testimony, aimed at stabilizing Missouri’s property tax system. The bill and amendments would, among other things, require clearer ballot language for tax measures, move tax-related ballot questions to November general elections, eliminate “no tax increase” wording, standardize ballot wording, address assessment and valuation rules, require physical inspections for certain commercial property assessment increases, allow quarterly tax payments in more counties, and make other technical changes. Members debated the size and scope of the bill, local control concerns, voter turnout and “voter fatigue,” and whether the changes were sufficiently vetted. Amendments were adopted to narrow the title to property taxation, add the ballot-language provisions, remove duplicative language, and exempt township counties so their levy elections could still occur on the schedule they need. The House then adopted the substitute as amended and ordered it perfected and printed. The chamber also took up House Bill 1917, a targeted utility/economic development bill involving a Jefferson County water district. The sponsor said the bill was prompted by a dispute in which a water district sought payment or infrastructure contributions from a company planning a roughly $400 million investment and about 250 jobs, despite the district’s inability to serve the site. Supporters said the bill would allow detachment of a ratepayer under specified conditions and prevent water districts from blocking development; the committee vote had been 15-0. Members raised concerns about the bill’s narrow, district-specific scope and possible litigation, but the House ultimately ordered the bill perfected and printed. The House also read three new bills for first reading and later recessed after announcements about committee meetings and a property tax discussion event with FFA students.

Transcript Highlights:

• understanding is most of your presentation was based on the interoperability of all the different entities
• I'm trying to figure out: are all the entities actually working together, or is there something we need
• understanding is most of your presentation was based on the interoperability of all the different entities
• I'm trying to figure out are all the entities actually working together or is there something we need
• or an exploitation occurs, you can immediately take action across other networks with partnering entities

Summary: The committee held a public hearing on House Bill 2579, which would create a Public Media Broadcaster Program and a Digital Equity Program funded by a 20-cent-per-line monthly tax on wireless, prepaid wireless, VoIP, and landline service. Staff explained that 80% of the revenue would support public media grants, 20% would support digital equity grants, and a small share could be used for administration. The prime sponsor, Rep. Chris Stearns, and many public media, community media, and digital equity supporters testified that public radio and television provide emergency alerts, local news, education, training, and community connection, especially in rural and underserved areas, and that federal funding cuts have made state support more urgent. Several witnesses described how public media helped with emergency communications, youth training, Indigenous programming, and access to local information. Opposition came from CTIA and Washington Citizens Against Unfair Taxes. CTIA argued the tax would add to already high wireless taxes in Washington and would be regressive because low-income residents rely heavily on wireless service. Washington Citizens Against Unfair Taxes objected to the bill as another tax increase and said it would worsen affordability. One supporter said an amendment would be offered to address a misunderstanding in the fiscal note. No vote was taken on the bill during the hearing. The committee then received a cybersecurity and critical infrastructure briefing from state emergency management and cybersecurity officials. They described Washington’s layered cybersecurity model, the role of state agencies, the Fusion Center, WOTEC, the National Guard, and the Emergency Management Division, and the growing threat from ransomware, supply-chain attacks, and AI-enabled attacks. Members asked about volunteer cyber response capacity, the most vulnerable sectors, and whether the legislature should fund more real-time threat monitoring and intelligence sharing. Officials said the state is working to establish a volunteer cyber incident response team and that the main gap is real-time monitoring across participating local and private networks. The committee also heard updates on the December 2025 flooding response and wildfire resilience. Emergency management officials reported widespread flooding, landslides, power outages, evacuations, rescues, and infrastructure damage, but said mitigation investments helped prevent worse outcomes. They identified gaps in statewide alerting, search and rescue coordination, and local emergency management capacity, and said a statewide alert system like Oregon’s would require ongoing funding. In the wildfire update, DNR and partner agencies described increasing wildfire risk, the use of aircraft, AI-enabled detection cameras, and common operating pictures, and ongoing work on hazard and risk mapping, community wildfire preparedness, and home hardening. Members asked about predictive technology, sediment removal, and other mitigation tools, and officials said they are working with universities and federal partners to improve prevention and response.

Transcript Highlights:

• There's are there people already exempt who do the when they sell to the larger entities?
• There's are there people already exempt who do the when they sell to the larger entities?
• c><00:08:04.879><c> to</c><00:08:05.120><c> the</c><00:08:05.280><c> larger</c><00:08:05.840><c> entities
• </c> they sell to the larger entities? they sell to the larger entities?
• And so between those two cities, which were separate entities, they had a very strong school district

Bills: HB3, HB116, HB165, HB178, HB3, HB116, HB165, HB178

Keywords: illegal alien, enhanced sentencing, criminal offenses, minor victims, felonies, Alabama legislature, HB116, Alabama Sunset Law, sunset bill, sunset review, Alabama Professional Bail Bonding Board, bail bonding, bail bonds, bail bond industry, professional bail bondsman, licensing board, state agency continuation, agency reauthorization, regulatory board, criminal justice

Transcript Highlights:

• Most covered entities' compliance obligations began in 2023 at the outset of the program.
• 2416 provides no-cost allowances to that waste-to-energy facility that will begin to be a covered entity
• It also is looking to better align us with some of these other entities so that we're not just this outlier
• It also is looking to better align us with some of these other entities so that we're not just this outlier
• could continue to emit at 85 percent of its current level at no cost, something no other covered entity

Bills: HB2426, HB2373, HB2416

Keywords: pollution control, efficiency, appeals process, environmental regulation, hearing board, electric utility, energy assistance, low-income households, monthly bill assistance, energy equity, waste management, energy, climate action, environmental regulations, fair treatment, renewable energy, sustainability, 904, all

Transcript Highlights:

• That is an entity that is, I think, appropriate for folks to get training from.
• It could be other entities like FBI, CIA, any other entity that is within the United States and that
• We've received feedback from, I think, several entities, including Yeah, I'll take those in order.
• We've received feedback from, I think, several entities, including prosecutors, about how to improve
• We've received feedback from, I think, several entities, including prosecutors, about how to improve

Bills: HB2165, HB2173, HB2203, HB2293

Keywords: peace officer, false identification, law enforcement, criminal penalties, public safety, face coverings, regulations, civil rights, emergency operations, reckless interference, offense, foreign entities, training, national security, 904, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Then regulated entities have to purchase allowances equal to their emissions.
• So where many entities have to purchase allowances, they receive them at no cost.
• So where many entities have to purchase allowances, they receive them at no cost.
• So first, EITEs are covered entities in the program like any other covered entity that's not an EITE.
• And there's also a forum that I'll be talking about that provides ways for entities and individuals who

Summary: The committee held a work session covering PFAS regulation and impacts, no-cost allowance allocation for emissions-intensive trade-exposed industries (EITEs), and regional resource adequacy and data center load growth. Senator Victoria Hunt was welcomed as a new member. The Department of Ecology reviewed Washington’s Safer Products for Washington PFAS work, including completed restrictions on PFAS in outdoor furniture, carpets, rugs, stain/water-resistant treatments, and newer rules adopted in November restricting PFAS in most apparel, cleaning products, and automotive washes, with reporting requirements for some other products such as cookware and firefighting gear. Ecology also described Cycle 2 PFAS reviews now underway, including artificial turf and paints, and answered questions about compliance, online sales, sell-through periods, and how Washington’s approach differs from broader bans in states like Maine and Minnesota. The Department of Ecology also presented on PFAS in biosolids, describing a 2024 sampling study, limitations in testing methods, and a 2025 statutory amendment requiring additional sampling between 2027 and 2028 and a report to the legislature in 2029. The Department of Health then updated the committee on PFAS in drinking water, reporting that most Group A public water systems have completed sampling, that 317 sources and 188 systems are expected to exceed new contaminant levels, and that treatment costs for public systems are estimated at about $970 million, leaving a large funding gap; members also asked about private wells, health effects, bathing exposure, and home filters. The Board of Health’s new state action levels are being aligned with federal MCLs, and the department said it expects to continue monitoring and notification under state rules. Ecology also briefed the committee on no-cost allowance allocations to EITEs under the Climate Commitment Act, explaining the leakage-mitigation rationale, the current allocation schedule through 2034, and a forthcoming report on policy options for 2035-2050; members asked about industry barriers, competitiveness, and whether facilities might leave the state. Finally, E3 presented a regional resource adequacy study showing rising load, retirements outpacing additions, limited winter reliability value from wind, solar, and batteries, and a projected shortfall beginning in 2026 that could grow to about 9,000 MW by 2030 if planned projects are not built. The presentation emphasized winter cold-weather events, hydro variability, the importance of permitting and transmission, and longer-term options including nuclear, geothermal, hydrogen, carbon capture, and long-duration storage. EPRI then introduced its DC Flex initiative, which is studying how data centers can provide flexible load through workload shifting, cooling optimization, and on-site backup or bridging resources to reduce grid stress and protect ratepayers.

Transcript Highlights:

• It has to do with the purchase by for-profit entities.
• That's the for-profit entities.
• They're the agencies that are dealing with these entities every day.
• And so, with these entities every day.
• </c><00:55:57.200><c> to</c> avenue open for a for-profit entity to avenue open for a for-profit entity

Keywords: 1187, senate, all