Video & Transcript Research : 'unlicensed practice'

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AR
Transcript Highlights:
  • We were able to train our staff in evidence-based practices and meet those lofty criteria.
  • There's really not, in practice, a significant change because we've been operating under the law since
  • What this means in practice is that each time we need to make an expenditure for post-closure care at
  • This is for the whole thing expanded full independent practice to clinical nurse specialist.
  • This was in response to some public comments that both titles may now apply for independent practice.
Summary: The committee first approved a motion, then heard a lengthy presentation on homelessness in Arkansas, with a focus on unsheltered homelessness, untreated mental illness and substance use, public safety, and the role of local law enforcement and shelters. Presenters from law enforcement, homeless service providers, mental health, and policy groups discussed federal Continuum of Care funding, the need for better data and accountability, and proposals such as statewide camping enforcement, stronger treatment access, and consolidating or reworking the continuum-of-care structure. Much of the discussion centered on the Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinic (CCBHC) model, with witnesses describing it as a way to expand crisis services, treatment, and coordination with housing and justice systems. They also discussed homelessness among sex offenders, family homelessness, workforce supports, and how to scale successful local programs statewide. No formal action was taken on the homelessness proposals during the discussion. The committee then reviewed several Department of Energy and Department of Health/Board of Nursing rules. The energy rule updated solid waste post-closure cleanup thresholds from $50,000 to $2 million to match Act 791 of 2025. Nursing-related rules added fees for the new dialysis patient care technician registration created by Act 198 of 2025, updated contact-information requirements, implemented APRN authority under Act 862 of 2025, clarified durable medical equipment language under Act 431 of 2025, and incorporated delegation changes from Act 959 of 2025. Additional nursing rules updated certified medication assistant training and duties under Act 265 of 2025, and corrected rules for full independent practice to include clinical nurse specialists under Act 872 of 2023. Each rule was reviewed without objection. At the close of the meeting, members received an update that UAMS had completed its NCII designation submission for the Winthrop Rockefeller Cancer Institute, which was described as a major milestone. The committee then adjourned.
FL

Florida 2026 5th Special Session

Fiscal Policy Feb 24th, 2026

Transcript Highlights:
  • Further, DBPR is granted rulemaking authority to ensure responsible retail practices while legitimate
  • explicitly authorizes food and nutritional supplements as allowable, aligning statute with existing practice
  • In practice, removal typically occurs only after law enforcement becomes involved and after a lengthy
  • Under current law, current law outlines the penalties for individuals at practice engineering without
  • engineering practice: second violation, $10,000; third violation, $15,000; fourth violation, $20,000
Summary: The Committee on Fiscal Policy met and considered a large agenda of bills, most of which were reported favorably after brief sponsor presentations, limited public testimony, and roll-call votes. Early actions included CSSB 1062 creating Florida Speech and Debate Week and the Florida Debate Initiative with a recurring $2.4 million appropriation, and CS for SB 196 establishing the Uterine Fibroid Research Database. The committee also approved the companion public-records bill, CS for SB 864, to keep sensitive fibroid database information confidential. Other health and public-safety measures reported favorably included CS for SB 432, which was amended to address xylazine and restrict recreational nitrous oxide sales by tobacco-permit retailers; CS for SB 646, narrowing drug-paraphernalia testing equipment exemptions to fentanyl, its analogs, and xylazine; and CS for SB 1684 and CS for SB 1686, creating and exempting records for a Parkinson’s Disease Registry at the University of South Florida. The committee also advanced several workforce, regulatory, and local-governance bills. SB 1112 on the Florida Labor Pool Act passed with testimony emphasizing removal of placement fees, annual labor-pool registration, and stronger enforcement to help workers, including returning citizens. CS for SB 524 updated Department of Law Enforcement duties and medical examiner procedures; CS for SB 530 revised lottery operations and security rules; CS for SB 676 expanded animal-cruelty penalties and the public abuser database; CS for SB 1180 created a recall framework for community development district supervisors and updated CDD rules; and CS for SB 800 increased penalties for unlicensed engineering practice after removing a student-loan assistance provision to align with the House version. CS for SB 1404 created a memory-care specialty license for assisted living facilities, with amendments extending rulemaking deadlines and clarifying advertising and resident-choice provisions. SB 1072 created an anti-Semitism task force in the Attorney General’s office, and CS for SB 1630 modernized aging and disability services, guardianship oversight, and dementia-related policy. Two memorialization bills generated the most extended debate and public comment. SB 194 would designate October 14 as Charlie Kirk Day of Remembrance, and SB 174 would name a portion of State Road 985 in Miami-Dade County as Charlie Kirk Memorial Avenue. Both drew strong support from some speakers who framed them as recognition of civic engagement and free expression, and strong opposition from others who criticized Kirk’s rhetoric and argued the state should instead honor broader civic values or other figures. A late-file amendment to SB 194 that would have converted it into a general day of remembrance for victims of political violence was withdrawn. Despite the controversy, both bills were reported favorably. The committee adjourned after members requested to be recorded on various bills.
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Fiscal Policy Feb 24th, 2026

Fiscal Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • Further, DBPR is granted rulemaking authority to ensure responsible retail practices while legitimate
  • explicitly authorizes food and nutritional supplements as allowable, aligning statute with existing practice
  • In practice, removal typically occurs only after law enforcement becomes involved and after a lengthy
  • Under current law, current law outlines the penalties for individuals at practice engineering without
  • engineering practice: second violation, $10,000; third violation, $15,000; fourth violation, $20,000
Summary: The Committee on Fiscal Policy considered a long agenda of bills covering education, health, criminal justice, aging services, labor, and commemorative measures. Among the measures reported favorably were CS/SB 1062 creating Florida Speech and Debate Week and the Florida Debate Initiative; CS/SB 196 and CS/SB 864 establishing and protecting a Uterine Fibroid Research Database; CS/SB 432, as amended, adding restrictions on xylazine and nitrous oxide sales; CS/SB 1630 modernizing aging and disability services and guardianship oversight; SB 1112 on labor pool placement fees and registration; CS/SB 524 revising FDLE and medical examiner provisions; CS/SB 530 updating lottery operations; CS/SB 646 narrowing drug paraphernalia testing equipment exemptions to fentanyl, analogs, and xylazine; SB 676 strengthening animal cruelty penalties and the animal abuser database; CS/SB 1180 creating a recall process for community development district board members; CS/SB 800 increasing penalties for unlicensed engineering practice; CS/SB 1404 creating a memory care specialty license for assisted living facilities; SB 1072 creating an anti-Semitism task force; and CS/SB 1684 and CS/SB 1686 establishing and exempting records for a Parkinson’s Disease Registry. The committee also took up several high-profile commemorative bills. CS/SB 194, designating October 14 as Charlie Kirk Day of Remembrance, drew extensive public testimony both for and against, with supporters emphasizing civic engagement and free speech and opponents criticizing Kirk’s rhetoric and the appropriateness of a state honor. The bill was reported favorably after a recorded vote. SB 174, designating Charlie Kirk Memorial Avenue in Miami-Dade County, also drew significant opposition testimony on similar grounds and was reported favorably. A late-file amendment to a related remembrance measure was withdrawn after discussion. Other bills, including the speech and debate, fibroid research, aging services, labor pool, animal cruelty, engineering, memory care, anti-Semitism, and Parkinson’s registry measures, were generally supported by agency, advocacy, or stakeholder testimony and advanced without major opposition. Several bills were amended before passage, including substitute or delete-all amendments on SB 432, SB 524, SB 646, SB 676, SB 1180, SB 800, and SB 1404. The committee repeatedly adopted amendments by voice vote and then reported the bills favorably by recorded roll call. The meeting ended with members requesting to be recorded on specific bills, followed by adjournment.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Business, Professions and Economic Development Committee Jun 1st, 2026

Business, Professions and Economic Development

Transcript Highlights:
  • AB 277 would require unlicensed employees who provide behavioral health treatment to undergo a background
Keywords: 987, senate, all
Summary: The Senate Business, Professions and Economic Development Committee met without a quorum at first and began hearing bills as a subcommittee. The chair outlined procedures, noted several consent items, and the committee heard presentations on AB 277, AB 1382, and ACR 173 before quorum was established. AB 277 would require background checks for unlicensed employees providing behavioral health treatment; the author and CalABA argued it would protect children and people with disabilities, and the bill later passed 6-0. AB 1382, the “Ethics Over Aesthetics Act,” would prohibit the sale of genetically modified animals for cosmetic purposes, with supporters citing animal welfare, shelter overcrowding, and the need to avoid novelty pet breeding; it also passed 6-0 after amendments removed opposition concerns about glowfish. ACR 173 would recommend formalizing a sister-state relationship between California and Jalisco, Mexico, emphasizing cultural, economic, and educational ties and calling for immigration protections. One senator objected to language referencing “recent mass deportations,” saying it was unnecessarily political and inaccurate in context, and said he would abstain rather than vote no. After quorum was reached, the committee approved the consent calendar, including AB 2085, AB 1733, ACR 129, ACR 164, and ACR 166, by a 6-0 vote. Once quorum was established, the committee voted 6-0 to pass AB 277 to the Senate Public Safety Committee and AB 1382 to the Senate Judiciary Committee. ACR 173 was adopted on a 4-0 vote, and the committee granted reconsideration so the author could potentially address the concern raised about the resolution’s language.
ND

North Dakota 2026 1st Special Session

Human Services Committee May 27th, 2026

Human Services Committee

Transcript Highlights:
  • HUD is attempting to move away from the longstanding housing first practice.
  • Can you explain the line, the housing first practice? What does that mean?
  • Offers provide information on screening practices.
  • Best practices.
  • So for program type 1, the regulated unlicensed, legally unlicensed CCDF-eligible providers, three additional
Summary: The committee first approved the February 11, 2026 minutes and then received an update from the North Dakota Housing Finance Agency on the interagency council on homelessness and continuum of care funding. Testimony described rising homelessness tied to tight housing markets, low incomes, aging homelessness, barriers to rental assistance and public benefits, and limited shelter and case-management capacity. Members discussed the need for more affordable housing, continued one-time funding for the North Dakota Homeless Grant and Housing Incentive Fund, better coordination with Health and Human Services on economic assistance and human service zones, landlord engagement, recovery housing, and reentry housing. The committee also heard that federal continuum of care funding remains uncertain, with possible shifts away from permanent supportive housing and housing-first models; members asked for a future update on the impact if federal rules reduce the share available for permanent housing. The committee then took testimony on accessibility of government services for people who are blind or visually impaired. Paul Olson of North Dakota Vision Services School for the Blind described current screening and service delivery, including infant referrals, regional staff, short-term programs, and collaboration with vocational rehabilitation. He said the targeted screening system is working, recommended maintaining the current model, and noted ongoing challenges with staffing, public awareness, and accessible state websites and documents. Public testimony from a visually impaired resident and a deaf resident emphasized barriers such as CAPTCHAs, inaccessible PDFs, employment forms that screen out applicants based on driver’s license status, shortages of interpreters, and the need for video remote interpreting and video relay services, along with training for users and agencies. Finally, the committee heard a final report on the study of child care provider licensing from HHS Early Childhood Director Kay Larson. The report summarized provider input and committee discussion on simplifying North Dakota’s child care licensing structure, reducing administrative burden, and balancing that with health and safety standards. Key topics included licensing categories, child care assistance eligibility, food program sponsorship, staff qualifications, training requirements, ratios and group size, age bands, and preschool exemptions. The committee’s recommendations included streamlining to three provider types plus a preschool designation, revising ratio and age-band rules, and carrying forward certain preschool outdoor-space exemptions. Larson noted that any changes would require statutory changes, rulemaking, and a transition period before new licensing rules could take effect.
AL

Alabama 2026 1st Special Session

Alabama House State Government Committee Jan 14th, 2026

State Government

Transcript Highlights:
  • problems from Dothan all the way to Baldwin County about people from Florida coming across the line unlicensed
  • First, the bill establishes broad compliance obligations that are difficult to implement in practice.
  • manufacturers, and construction crews. that are difficult to implement in that are difficult to implement in practice
  • Um<00:14:37.360> this<00:14:37.600> includes<00:14:38.000> parental practice
  • Um this includes parental practice.
Bills: HB69, HB114, HB161
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Human Services May 6th, 2025

Human Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • There are different local practices, and you know it's in our DNA now because we have been appearing
  • We are working towards reunification through our model and practice, which is our primary focus.
  • For us, I mean, I'm sure everybody's probably the same: we look at evidence-based practices.
  • And I think there are some solutions that we can offer through some of the evidence-based practice models
  • about ensuring that DFPS carefully considers all available options before placing a child in an. unlicensed
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • by allowing an unlicensed person to smuggle a gun through a hole in the fence, or however it mattered
  • What would consistently refuses or declines to prosecute mean practically?
  • Nor is it clear what an adopted policy or practice means.
  • We urge the legislature to continue addressing social media companies' data collection practices. practices
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Agriculture Finance and Policy Committee 2/12/25

Agriculture Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • There are facilities that are closing their wings down, taking their beds and making them unlicensed
  • 05.760> them down taking their beds and making them down taking their beds and making them unlicensed
  • because they've kind of given unlicensed because they've kind of given up<01:25:08.040> hope<
  • they receive a fairly low pay because Medicare and Medicaid reimburse at a much lower rate for unlicensed
  • reimburse at a much lower rate for reimburse at a much lower rate for licensed<01:34:43.440> unlicensed
Keywords: 1183, house
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Children and Families Finance and Policy Committee 4/2/25

Children and Families Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • It's also my understanding that the practice of county licensors, who assess whether violations occur
  • 01:36:46.440> provide caregivers as eligible to provide caregivers as eligible to provide unlicensed
  • 48.119> Care<01:36:49.119> section<01:36:49.639> nine<01:36:50.000> was unlicensed
  • Child Care section nine was unlicensed Child Care section nine was removed<01:36:51.159> um<01
  • care licensing organizations and others within the child welfare system to be able to implement the practices
MN

Minnesota 2025 1st Special Session

House Human Services Finance and Policy Committee 4/9/25

Human Services Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:30:01.399> HCBS and also requires unlicensed HCBS and also requires unlicensed HCBS housing
  • This proposal aligns oversight with national best practices and ensures recovery residences have access
  • <00:41:24.640> limits cent spending including practical limits cent spending including practical
  • transparent billing practices. transparent billing practices.
  • There's been recent discussions about anti-kickback considerations related to such practices.
Bills: HF2434
MN

Minnesota 2025 1st Special Session

Committee on Education Finance - 02/18/25

Education Finance

Transcript Highlights:
  • It was to create a residency pathway for charter schools because charter schools have a lot of unlicensed
  • charter schools have a lot of unlicensed charter schools have a lot of unlicensed teachers<01:35
  • they're learning about teaching with that person alongside and getting feedback and coaching and practice
  • they're learning about teaching with that person alongside and getting feedback and coaching and practice
  • they're learning about teaching with that person alongside and getting feedback and coaching and practice
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
MD

Maryland 2026 Regular Session

House Floor Session, 3/20/2026 #2

Maryland House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Could the floor leader just, uh, tell me in practice what this exactly does? >> Sure.
  • that uh to add new products, un that uh to add new products, un currently<01:17:24.320> unlicensed
  • products to their currently unlicensed products to their recommendation<01:17:27.199> list,<01
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, including the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices
  • , the food and drug practices, the food and drug administration<01:27:29.520> including<01:27:
Summary: The House met in Annapolis with 107 members present and proceeded through the journal and a series of Appropriations Committee reports. Several bills were advanced on favorable reports without amendment, including measures on constitutional officers’ salaries, correctional officer retirement systems for Dorchester and Allegany counties, Carroll and Calvert County public facilities bonds, higher education financial assistance for incarcerated individuals, and a bill on community college promise scholarship eligibility for Delmar High School graduates. Other bills received amendments before being ordered for third reading, including measures on community college trustee membership, Frederick Community College board meeting and training requirements, Howard County school funding disclosures, courts administrative judges’ stipends, correctional officers retirement membership clarifications, the Children’s Cabinet Fund, and a law enforcement pension bill limiting military service credit eligibility to helicopter pilots in state aviation units. The chamber also considered HB 1581 on horse racing facility ownership, development, licensing, and operations. Amendments expanded the bill to include additional economic development provisions for the Prince George’s County Blue Line corridor, Pimlico-related funding and community input requirements, a larger lottery-fund distribution for the racing community development financing fund, and changes to the bus rapid transit grant program. The bill’s favorable report as amended was adopted, and it was ordered for third reading. During debate on a separate amendment to HB 894, the Maryland Transit and Housing Opportunity Act, members argued over project labor agreements: opponents said PLA requirements raise costs and limit competition, while supporters said the provision was optional, supported stability and predictability, and was part of a broader compromise. The amendment was rejected after discussion, and the bill remained amended. The House also took up HB 1430 on charter school facilities funding, adopting amendments that reduced the per-pupil amount and narrowed eligibility for certain districts, then advancing the bill as amended. In addition, HB 1248 was amended to convert a part-time state employment pilot program into a work group, and HB 680 was amended to adjust future appropriations for local management boards. Across the session, most actions were routine committee report adoptions and amendment votes, with no recorded roll-call counts in the excerpt except the initial quorum call.
OK
Transcript Highlights:
  • Are we looking more towards enrichment programs, which are usually unlicensed.
  • not increasing the tax credit amount or changing anything else, other than just codifying current practices
  • The practical application of this will be that there are many jobs that kind of fall in the cracks when
  • for Oklahoma County, and then when I later brought claims against employers when I was in private practice
  • You know, if they knew that you were taking that, and it was pretty common practice that you know, you
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Transportation - 04/08/26

Transportation

Transcript Highlights:
  • You know, being a mayor, I understand the concern in the cities, but I think it also does the practical
  • the cities, but I think it also does in the cities, but I think it also does the<01:36:42.080> practical
  • <01:36:42.840> practical<01:36:43.720> practical the practical practical practical
  • the practical practical practical aspects<01:36:45.840> of<01:36:46.000> it<01:36:46.120
  • <01:46:39.680> drivers<01:46:40.200> operating<01:46:40.720> motor unlicensed drivers
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

CPC Public Hearing - Tue Mar 24, 2026 @ 2:00 PM HST

Consumer Protection & Commerce

Transcript Highlights:
  • action, and deems violations to be unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive acts or practices
  • action and deems violations to be unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive acts or practices
  • And providers have been asking HMSA to change this practice for more than 5 years.
  • So, in practice, it took a little bit of time to make the system work, but starting the 27th, those should
  • So, in practice, it took a little bit of time to make the system work, but starting the 27th, those should
Summary: The committee heard testimony on SB 2433 SD1 relating to condominiums, which would direct the condominium education trust fund toward educational resources for unit owners and require the Real Estate Commission to ensure owners’ interests are represented in funded activities and related rulemaking. Supporters, including the Hawaii Real Estate Commission and a condominium owner advocate, said owners need a seat at the table in condo governance and education efforts. Committee discussion focused on whether the bill was necessary, with the Real Estate Commission indicating it could already use the trust fund for owner education and that owners are already considered stakeholders, though not through a specific commission seat. No vote was taken during the excerpted discussion. The committee then took up SB 2047 SD2 HD1 on pharmacy benefit managers, which would set requirements for maximum allowable cost reimbursement, allow reverse-and-rebill claims after successful appeals, and authorize fines for violations. The Insurance Division offered comments, the Hawaii Pharmacists Association supported the measure with amendments and suggested future PBM reform funding, and Kaiser Permanente requested a technical amendment. A committee question raised whether the staffing and resource request for implementation was too large for a bill focused only on MAC pricing, and the witness said he would provide more data to the next committee. No final action was shown. Next was SB 2425 SD2 HD1 on health insurance and substance use disorder treatment, requiring insurers to honor written assignments of benefits to SUD providers and prohibiting anti-assignment clauses. Supporters described patients being unable to access treatment because of high out-of-pocket costs and said direct payment would reduce harm for people in recovery. HMSA opposed the bill but said it would begin direct payments to non-participating SUD facilities effective March 27, while continuing to object to the assignment-of-benefits portion because of fraud and balance-billing concerns; the Hawaii Association of Health Plans also opposed. Members questioned HMSA about reimbursement mechanics and why the bill was needed if coverage policies were already changing. Finally, the committee heard SB 3045 SD1 HD1, which would require coverage of continuous glucose monitors and related supplies, including for Medicaid managed care, under certain conditions. DHS and the Insurance Division offered comments, while SHPDA, Hilo Benioff Medical Center Foundation, and others supported the bill, citing inconsistent access and a case in which a woman allegedly died after being denied a CGM. HMSA said it already covers medically necessary CGMs and had updated its policy in 2025 for type 1 and insulin-dependent patients, but it raised concerns about expanding mandated coverage to type 2 and gestational diabetes and about supply impacts. The committee also discussed whether the bill duplicated existing coverage standards and why it had been introduced repeatedly. No votes or final dispositions were included in the excerpt.
HI
Transcript Highlights:
  • And I think that team practice And I think that team practice >> [laughter] >> [laughter
  • Um our practice now, we take hospital.
  • <00:34:25.440> approach an ongoing team-based practice approach an ongoing team-based practice
  • would be expanding the scope of practice would be expanding the scope of practice of<00:35:40.240
  • <01:04:55.600> for communities have known and practiced for communities have known and practiced
Summary: The committee heard testimony on SB 847, which would create a Kauai pilot program allowing qualified psychologists limited authority to prescribe psychotropic medications. The Board of Psychology supported the bill’s intent but asked for amendments to delay the effective date or extend the pilot so rules could be written first, and to clarify the education/training language. Supporters, including the Hawaii Psychological Association, Hawaii Mental Health Coalition, and several psychologists, argued that prescribing psychologists have long safety records in other jurisdictions and that the pilot could improve access to care on Kauai, especially amid ongoing mental health needs and storm-related stress. They cited studies and examples from New Mexico, Louisiana, the Department of Defense, and other places. Opponents, including the Hawaii Medical Association, American Academy of Pediatrics, Queen’s Medical Center, and a Department of Health representative, said the bill needed substantial work, raised concerns about training, liability, and workforce impacts, and urged a team-based model with psychiatrist oversight rather than independent prescribing. Some testimony also referenced a GAO report, with witnesses disagreeing over its meaning and cost-effectiveness. No vote was taken during the discussion, and members asked questions about how the bill would address the workforce shortage and whether a psychiatrist on Kauai could already meet the need. The committee then moved to SB 2271 on hospital licensing and SB 2272 on home health care licensing. The Department of Health, the Healthcare Association of Hawaii, and the Hawaii State Council on Developmental Disabilities supported both measures, which were described as streamlining and clarifying licensing oversight by relying on accreditation or certification reports. A member asked whether the bill language on hospital accreditation reports was duplicative, and the response was that the second provision was intended to strengthen enforcement by requiring hospitals to provide the actual report to DOH. The committee did not take final action in the portion of the hearing provided, and the chair noted that all bills on the agenda would later be considered for decision-making.
OK
Transcript Highlights:
  • So there's a very limited number of practices that qualify.
  • mean, it's the district practice to do that, yeah.
  • veterinarian have experience in food, animal practice.
  • So it doesn't have to be a veterinarian that has had a large-animal practice.
  • Current rules, current practices are depopulation.
HI
Transcript Highlights:
  • A physician has different areas of practice, such as, as I mentioned before, surgical, primary care,
  • Each of these areas have different needs and concerns and would base their practice on these different
  • . and would base their um their practice and would base their um their practice on<00:18:42.799> these
  • And, um, for example, nutrition is not a primary health care practice in Western medicine, and so, um
  • And, um, for example, nutrition is not a primary health care practice in Western medicine, and so, um
Summary: The committee heard testimony on several health-related bills. HB 1864, which would require health insurance coverage for standard fertility preservation services for people undergoing medically necessary treatment, drew broad support from SHIPA, the Department of Health, HMSA, the Hawaii Association of Health Plans, and others. Testifiers emphasized that fertility preservation is routine coverage on the mainland and important for patients facing infertility from cancer or other treatment; one patient described incurring more than $20,000 in costs. The Insurance Division flagged possible Affordable Care Act issues, a potential conflict in the bill’s language about using patient history to determine limits, and a mismatch with state medical-necessity standards. Committee discussion also focused on whether the bill should apply to all women of childbearing age rather than a narrower age-based category. HB 2305 would require nutrition and metabolic education as part of physicians’ continuing medical education. The Hawaii Medical Board opposed the measure, arguing that CME should remain flexible and tailored to each physician’s specialty and warning that topic-specific mandates can expand over time. The Office of the Governor supported the bill, saying it would help the state’s rural health transformation application and could improve federal funding prospects, though the exact impact was unclear. Members questioned whether nutrition is already covered in medical training and whether the requirement should be limited to primary care physicians; the board said Hawaii currently has no topic-specific CME mandates and that physicians can already choose relevant courses. The committee also heard strong support for HB 1597, which would establish an Alzheimer’s disease research center at the University of Hawaii. Supporters from the university, the Alzheimer’s Association, AARP, and others said the center could attract federal research dollars, expand clinical trials, and help address the state’s high Alzheimer’s-related health costs. HB 2159, which appropriates funds for health care workforce development, also received broad support from the University of Hawaii, health systems, and advocacy groups, with no opposition noted. Finally, HB 2121, which would prohibit the sale and distribution of disposable electronic smoking devices, drew support from the Department of Health, youth advocates, and public health groups citing youth addiction, environmental waste, and fire hazards; the department said a separate bill, HB 1573, would be more comprehensive and better defined for enforcement and penalties. The committee ended with HB 1913, creating a veteran services mental health coordinator position at Tripler Army Medical Center, which was supported by veteran services officials and others who said veterans need better navigation and coordination for behavioral health care.