Transcript Highlights:

• So you can see that wages are outpacing what's happening with our jobs in Florida.
• We're projecting average annual wage growth of 3.8% or above each year, with an estimated 4.5% in the
• So you can see that wages are outpacing what's happening with our jobs in Florida.
• bottom chart, we're expecting higher wages to stay here. So why do you care about that?
• But in addition, they're not able to hire people at some of the wages we're offering.

Summary: The committee met to hear Amy Baker’s presentation on Florida’s constitutionally required long-range financial outlook for fiscal years 2026-27 through 2028-29. Baker said the forecast reflects slower but still positive economic growth, continued above-average personal income growth, rising wages, and population growth that is increasingly driven by in-migration as Florida’s senior population expands. She highlighted weakening housing-related revenue, especially documentary stamp taxes, softer consumer sentiment, and the expectation that Florida will pass 25 million residents by 2030, with nearly a quarter of the population age 65 or older. Baker said the outlook largely retained the March 2025 general revenue forecast, but the Legislature’s 2025 session actions significantly improved near-term funds available by redirecting or freeing up money, including contingency appropriations and reversions. She noted total state reserves are just under $15 billion, or about 30% of general revenue, and that the budget stabilization fund is at its constitutional maximum. The main spending pressures in the outlook were critical needs, led by a new emergency preparedness and response fund transfer and Medicaid growth driven mainly by medical inflation and behavioral analysis costs in managed care, not by caseload growth. Other high-priority needs were also identified, and Baker said the first year shows a projected surplus, but years two and three show shortfalls, meaning fiscal strategies will still be needed. Members questioned Baker about the accuracy of the forecast, Medicaid managed care costs, the emergency preparedness fund, federal funding assumptions, and whether recent federal legislation was reflected in the numbers. Baker said the outlook is a good representation of the total picture, though the Legislature will likely adjust it as conditions change, and that more information on federal changes would come in later estimating conferences. Senator Trumbull asked about the governor’s veto of $750 million, and Baker said it simply returned to unallocated general revenue rather than being spent or added to the budget stabilization fund. The chair closed by warning members to expect a difficult budgeting process and noting that the committee would adjourn without further action.

Transcript Highlights:

• We recommend increasing the state's three-tiered minimum teacher salaries.
• We encourage a minimum. Salary of $30,000 for educational and instructional assistance.
• Level 1 teacher minimum.
• We've Sought to increase the minimum wage for all public school employees to $30,000.
• increases to a percentage of level one teacher minimum salary, so the minimum salaries for school employees

Keywords: 996, all

Transcript Highlights:

• And so you think about how many people are involved in reviewing, and we calculate their hourly wages
• My last question is just confirming the minimum duration, you know, because someone could be homeless
• I'm just wondering, is there an actual homeless requirement, meaning the minimum duration?
• But far too many face steep barriers: limited English proficiency, low-wage employment, lack of legal
• Steep barriers: limited English proficiency, low-wage employment, lack of legal status, and difficulty

Summary: The committee heard several higher education bills. It first approved the consent calendar, which included SB 67 and SB 619. The main discussion centered on SB 437, which would direct the CSU system to develop a fair, evidence-based process for verifying whether someone is a descendant of a person enslaved in the United States, as part of the state’s reparations work. Supporters said the bill fills a gap left by the Reparations Task Force and would create a transparent, credible lineage-verification process; opponents argued genealogy methods already exist, the bill would waste money and delay action, and some raised constitutional concerns. The committee took a vote on SB 437, but the roll was left open after the initial tally showed three ayes and three noes. The committee then heard SB 790, which would allow California to join the interstate reciprocity agreement for online postsecondary education. The author and supporters said the bill would improve consumer protections for California students taking out-of-state online courses and help California institutions compete more effectively by reducing the burden of seeking separate state approvals. Opponents, including University of Phoenix and other groups, argued the bill conflicted with the existing reciprocity framework, could exclude some institutions, and might not actually secure California’s entry into the agreement. The committee voted 3-1 to pass SB 790 as amended to the Business and Professions Committee, with the roll left open. The committee also heard SB 391, which would authorize the Community College Chancellor’s Office to charge fees for research partners seeking access to data. Supporters said the office is absorbing significant unfunded workload from data requests and that fees would help recover costs; opponents, including the California Teachers Association community college association, warned the fees could create barriers for faculty and smaller researchers. Members discussed possible exemptions and implementation details. The committee voted 5-1 to pass SB 391 as amended to the Appropriations Committee, with the roll left open. Finally, the committee heard SB 685, a pilot program to provide cost-of-attendance assistance at four CSU campuses for students who experienced homelessness in high school. Supporters said it would help students cover housing, food, and transportation costs and reduce dropout risk; members asked about eligibility and implementation, and the author explained the bill would use McKinney-Vento homelessness designations and target students at risk of “summer melt” and college homelessness.

Transcript Highlights:

• For example, we do access the federal hub on people's wage data.
• Um we have access to wage data security.
• <00:26:56.240> are pull down assuming their um wages are pull down assuming their um wages
• <00:35:50.800> notice earlier than than the minimum notice earlier than than the minimum notice
• You want time to test it. earlier than the time frame, the minimum earlier than the time frame, the minimum

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• wage for SCIU and the workers in PCNC.
• Members, we fully fund the nursing homes for the workforce standards increases for the wages.
• So please, cut our wage.
• We've been making minimum wage forever and not today's minimum wage—a minimum wage from the '70s.
• Please cut my wages. This is a hard truth.

Transcript Highlights:

• This amendment requires the minimum font size of 10-point on the petition form and provides that it may
• The 10-point font size is consistent with the minimum font size for ballots. That is the amendment.
• The font size is consistent with the minimum font size for ballots. That is the amendment.
• Since 2004, when the First Minimum Wage Amendment passed, we've had 140 bills filed to make the process
• The citizens wanted a raise the minimum wage. The legislature didn't do it.

Summary: The Senate Committee on Ethics and Elections heard SPB 7016, a bill revising Florida’s citizen initiative petition process to address fraud, voter information, and ballot integrity. The bill and its amendments would add sponsor bonds and deposit requirements, require more identifying information from signers and circulators, bar certain felons and non-citizens from circulating petitions, require circulator training, shorten the time to submit signed petitions, require notices to voters whose signatures are verified, and change how financial impact statements are handled. Several amendments were adopted, including a $1 million bond framework, 10-point font and page limits for petition forms, a ban on incentive-based pay tied to petition counts or speed, removal of a requirement that fraud be proven by criminal conviction before administrative fines, county deposit and payment procedures for supervisors of elections, invalidation of petitions gathered by ineligible circulators, training requirements within 30 days, and a prohibition on public funds being used to advocate for or against constitutional amendments. Committee discussion focused heavily on implementation and fairness. Supporters, including the sponsor and the Florida Chamber of Commerce, argued the bill was needed to deter fraud, protect voter information, and ensure sponsors—not taxpayers—bear the costs of the initiative process. Supervisors of elections testified that county taxpayers should not subsidize petition verification, but also warned that some provisions would be difficult to implement quickly because of software and operational constraints. Senators raised questions about the bond cost, the 10-day submission deadline, notice to voters whose petitions are invalidated, the effect on returning citizens, and whether the bill could disenfranchise voters who sign petitions in good faith. Public testimony was overwhelmingly opposed. Common Cause, the League of Women Voters, NAACP Florida, Florida Rising, Equality Florida, All Voting Is Local, and other advocates said the bill would suppress grassroots participation, criminalize volunteers, create costly barriers, and favor wealthy or corporate interests. They objected especially to the bond, the new signer identification requirements, the shorter submission window, and the lack of notice when a petition is invalidated. A few supporters, including the Florida Chamber, backed the measure as a safeguard against fraud and outside influence. After debate, the committee did not reach a final vote on the bill in the portion provided, but the bill remained before the committee as amended.

Transcript Highlights:

• And, you know, if I give you an honest answer, it's a living wage. We need a living wage.
• And, you know, if I give you an honest answer, it's a living wage. We need a living wage.
• And, you know, if I give you an honest answer, it's a living wage. We need a living wage.
• And, you know, if I give you an honest answer, it's a living wage. We need a living wage.
• But in addition to that 10-hour minimum, they're paid the actual hours they work, and it is an hourly

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The Public Works and Highways Committee held an orientation meeting focused on introducing members, outlining committee norms, and hearing an overview from the Department of Transportation. Chair David Mills emphasized the committee’s long-standing bipartisan working style, asked members to share contact information for short-notice scheduling, and noted that the committee would need to complete as much work as possible before the building is vacated later in the year. Members introduced themselves and described backgrounds in engineering, construction, planning, local government, military service, education, and business. Several members highlighted prior service on planning boards, school boards, zoning boards, or in transportation-related fields as relevant to the committee’s work. Members repeatedly described the committee as collegial and nonpartisan, with most bills going to the consent calendar. The chair also noted that the committee’s work centers on state infrastructure, including roads, bridges, highways, and buildings. Representative Cluder, the ranking member, and others echoed that the committee is effective because it talks issues through and resolves disagreements collaboratively. One member mentioned a recent trip that reinforced the importance of infrastructure resilience after storms and rebuilding efforts in other states. Department of Transportation officials, led by Assistant Commissioner and Chief Engineer David Rodrig, gave a detailed organizational and operational overview. They described DOT’s structure, mission of “transportation excellence,” and major responsibilities across highways, bridges, rail, transit, aeronautics, maintenance, and administration. Rodrig reported 1,651 permanent positions and 404 vacancies, 2,160 state bridges with 115 on the Red List, 4,600 centerline miles of roadway, 25 public airports, 11 transit systems, and 194 active state-owned rail lines. He also outlined FY 2024 spending, project development activity, highway maintenance operations, fleet and fuel systems, and the distinction between the highway fund and DOT’s budget, including the role of federal funds and the turnpike enterprise fund. No votes were taken and no bills were acted on during this orientation meeting.

Transcript Highlights:

• that the classroom teacher and other instructional personnel salary increase allocation has had on minimum
• schools to... ...fiscal year 2021, to assist our school districts and charter schools to reach a minimum
• School districts are required to maintain the minimum base salary achieved in a fiscal year and not reduce
• Although school districts and charter schools are not precluded from bargaining over wages, the funds
• In fiscal year 2021, Liberty School District had the lowest minimum base salary for classroom teachers

Summary: The Pre-K through 12 Budget Subcommittee met with a quorum present and focused primarily on the classroom teacher and other instructional personnel salary increase allocation. The chair reviewed how the recurring allocation, first established in fiscal year 2021, has grown to $1.4 billion and was intended to help districts and charter schools raise minimum base teacher salaries to at least $47,500. The chair noted that districts must submit distribution plans and annual expenditure reports, and said six districts were still at impasse for the current year, with a possible seventh. The chair presented data showing the allocation’s impact over five years: only one district met the $47,500 minimum in 2021, while 54 of 67 districts did so by the end of fiscal year 2024-25. Liberty County’s minimum base salary rose from $32,237 to $44,155, and several districts saw increases of roughly $14,000 to $19,000. Members also noted that some districts remain just below the target and may have reached it after the latest funding increase. Members discussed concerns about salary compression and veteran teachers, with Ranking Member Gantt saying experienced teachers often earn only slightly more than new hires and asking for more data on the issue. The chair responded that the allocation can be used not only for starting salaries but also, in some years, for broader compensation increases and raises for teachers with two or more years of experience. Representative Nix asked about a possible study on compression, and Representative Daniels emphasized that the committee should recognize the progress already made while continuing to improve teacher pay. The meeting then briefly turned to fiscal year 2026-27 budget issues, and the chair said budget recommendations had been submitted before the committee adjourned without objection.

Transcript Highlights:

• It's the highway threshold to get an extra 5% reimbursement on those wages.
• What's the prevailing wage in that region?
• We have, uh, if you go away from, but JTEP has minimum standards that are well above minimum wage that
• So I completely agree with you that we should not incentivize low wages.
• A third more of the wages, and we just did a wonderful job of training them.

Transcript Highlights:

• minimum wage.
• <01:06:18.400> wage<01:06:18.880> or<01:06:19.359> $580 hours at federal minimum
• wage or $580 hours at federal minimum wage or $580 per<01:06:20.640> month<01:06:21.599> or
• <01:06:27.440> wage.
• <01:06:28.079> For hours at federal minimum wage. For hours at federal minimum wage.

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• <00:34:39.040> It<00:34:39.280> shows<00:34:39.520> what minimum wage, some
• It shows what minimum wage, some Alice.
• wage worker.
• wage worker.
• wage worker.

Bills: HB2488, HB2456

Keywords: disability, communication access, deaf, hard-of-hearing, deaf-blind, healthcare, sign language interpreters, auxiliary aids, weight loss, GLP-1 drugs, obesity, Medicaid, healthcare costs, 910, house, all

Summary: The committee heard testimony on HP 1972, which would create a nonrefundable family caregiver tax credit, and on a related tax measure to increase the existing dependent care tax credit. Supporters of HP 1972, including AARP, the Executive Office on Aging, the Hawaii Public Health Institute, Hawaii Children’s Action Network, and others, said unpaid caregivers are essential to keeping kūpuna and other loved ones at home and described significant out-of-pocket costs. The Department of Taxation and the Tax Foundation raised technical concerns, including the need to avoid overlap with existing credits and to prevent double-dipping. The department said taxpayers can claim credits to the extent allowed, but recommended explicit language barring the same costs from being claimed under more than one credit. No vote was taken in the excerpt, and the chair moved the bill along after questions. The committee then heard HP 1975, which would repeal the sunset on the state rent supplement program for kūpuna. AARP, Catholic Charities Hawaii, the Executive Office on Aging, and others supported making the program permanent, saying it helps low-income older adults avoid eviction and homelessness and allows them to remain in affordable housing. Catholic Charities described clients who were paying unsustainable shares of income for rent before receiving the supplement. Members also shared a constituent example of an elderly retiree who needed the subsidy to stay housed. Written support was noted from additional organizations and individuals. Next, the committee took up HB 1706, which would expand Medicaid prospective payment reimbursement to include mental health services furnished in federally qualified health centers and rural health clinics by mental health professionals under supervision. The Office of Hawaiian Affairs supported the bill, and DHS said it appreciated the intent to address workforce shortages and expand training, but cautioned that unlicensed professionals cannot currently bill Medicaid and that a state plan amendment would be needed, with limited precedent for approval. Members asked about the likelihood and timing of federal approval and whether the bill could help rural areas; DHS said approval is uncertain and the process can take time, though it saw possible alignment with the state’s rural health transformation efforts. The committee also discussed HB 546, a three-year health coverage continuity pilot program for people losing Medicaid coverage. DHS, the Attorney General’s office, DCCA, Catholic Charities, the University of Hawaii, and others testified, with DHS warning that federal changes could increase uninsured rates and that the state may need to act quickly. Catholic Charities and others emphasized the risk to Medicaid recipients, including homeless and near-elderly residents, while DHS explained the state’s existing premium assistance program for certain immigrants and compared it to the proposed pilot. The excerpt ends during discussion of that comparison, with no vote shown.

Transcript Highlights:

• <01:14:53.360> wages<01:14:54.320> um<01:14:54.520> it ensure that sub minimum
• wages um it ensure that sub minimum wages um it would<01:14:54.719> ensure<01:14:55.159> sub
• <01:14:55.320> minimum<01:14:55.560> wages<01:14:55.840> and<01:14:55.960>
• > it would ensure sub minimum wages and it would ensure sub minimum wages and it also also also um
• minimum wages and that continue with sub minimum wages and that was<01:15:04.760> their<01:15:

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• ISD, making it extremely difficult to pay our teachers and other essential staff members a living wage
• But there are no minimum requirements now, right?
• I believe the bill sets that number as the minimum requirement. Just what number? 43,200 minutes.
• There's not a minimum requirement, though, is it? I believe it's in the law, yeah.
• To engage in the minimum requirements that's in this bill.

Bills: HB178, HB178, HB1551, HB1939, HB2040, HB2354, HB2674, HB3029, HB3460, HB3631, HB3662, HB5201, HB5381

Keywords: efficiency audit, political subdivision, tax rate, fiscal management, government accountability, Texas education, public schools, curriculum, social studies, high school graduation requirements, State Board of Education, Education Code, ethnic studies, world history, world geography, U.S. history, government, economics, personal financial literacy, free enterprise

Transcript Highlights:

• In recent years, it's mainly being driven by wage growth.
• And wages make up about 50% plus on the national level of all personal income.
• They're living on retirement incomes. ...wages and salaries. They're living on retirement incomes.
• And that's largely being driven by what we're seeing with wages.
• We've got very strong wage growth.

Summary: The Legislative Budget Commission met with a quorum present to hear the constitutionally required Long-Range Financial Outlook and consider a series of budget amendments. Amy Baker of the Office of Economic and Demographic Research presented the outlook, describing Florida’s continued population growth, strong wage growth, an aging population, housing-market softening, and low consumer sentiment. She said the general revenue forecast was largely unchanged from March, but the state’s funds available had improved because of legislative actions in 2025 that increased the balance forward. She also noted strong reserves, a projected current-year Medicaid deficit of about $125 million, and a three-year outlook that remains positive in the first year but turns negative in years two and three. She highlighted the risk of co-occurring catastrophic events, using a normalized Great Miami Hurricane scenario to illustrate potential state losses. The outlook was adopted after brief comments from House and Senate members emphasizing fiscal restraint and efficiency. The commission then approved multiple budget amendments, mostly without objection. The Agency for Health Care Administration received amendments to realign funding for Florida KidCare based on estimating conference results, to provide $85 million in budget authority for disproportionate share hospital payments, and to adjust Medicaid and long-term care appropriations, including placing surplus funds into reserve. The Department of Health received $6.3 million in additional authority for newborn screening. The Department of Corrections and the Department of Management Services each received $2.2 million in Private Inmate Welfare Trust Fund authority for repair invoices and pending projects. The Department of State was authorized to release $2.5 million in nonrecurring general revenue for cultural and museum grants and America 250 commemorative grants. The Department of Transportation received approval for a project roll-forward and for work program changes, including advancing I-95 widening in Duval County and the I-4 corridor in Polk and Osceola counties. The meeting ended with a motion to adjourn.

Transcript Highlights:

• And so, it is certainly our hope that we can, at the very minimum, update the...
• At the very minimum, update the legislation from 18 years ago.
• In relation to those salaries, there have been some wage studies that have been conducted across the
• Um, I know you said Weston County at 70, almost half of the actual wage in that position. What...
• In addition to that, there are statutory minimums that are included in these sections.

Keywords: 916, all

Transcript Highlights:

• the state systems is to be able to upload that information with them and then back it into the base wage
• Well, that's less than minimum wage.
• the creation and expansion of high-quality career technical education programs that lead to living wage
• I would also just want to say, at minimum, there should be some sort of statewide repository of what
• And to the point of who's doing what, if there is at least, at a minimum, the process was centralized

Summary: The Assembly Budget Subcommittee on Education Finance heard an overview of the governor’s new Career Education Master Plan and related budget items. Labor Secretary Knox described the plan as an effort to reduce fragmentation across K-12, community colleges, workforce boards, and other systems by improving statewide and regional coordination, data sharing, skills-based hiring, career pathways, and wraparound supports such as child care, housing, food, and transportation. Members asked how success would be measured, how the plan would serve disconnected youth and adults, and whether the proposed data integration would rely on Cradle to Career; the secretary said it would. The Department of Finance said it was available to answer questions on the education side. The committee then reviewed existing CTE funding and oversight. The LAO, CDE, and Community Colleges Chancellor’s Office described the major ongoing programs, including CTIG, Perkins, K-12 Strong Workforce, and Community College Strong Workforce, and noted that many programs overlap in purpose and administration. Members repeatedly raised concerns about duplication, annual applications and reporting burdens, lack of clear outcome metrics, and whether funding incentives should be better aligned to regional collaboration. CDE and the Chancellor’s Office said they support alignment and dual enrollment, and Finance and CDE said LCFF/local match dollars are part of the funding structure. The committee also discussed child care as a barrier to participation and the need for better tracking of enrollment, completion, and job outcomes. On the consolidated application proposal, Finance proposed a study directing CDE to examine whether three long-standing CTE grant programs—Specialized Secondary Programs, CTIG, and California Partnership Academies—could be streamlined into a single application and reporting process. The LAO supported reducing administrative burden but noted that the largest programs, CTIG and K-12 Strong Workforce, were excluded from the proposal even though districts most often cite them as burdensome. CDE said it did not oppose the study but warned that statutory differences may limit consolidation. Members said the proposal should better address regional coordination, multi-year funding stability, and outcome measures rather than only simplifying paperwork. Finally, the committee heard a proposal for a $5 million ongoing California Education Interagency Council. GovOps said the council would provide a neutral venue for statewide coordination across education and workforce systems. The LAO opposed the proposal, arguing that existing bodies already provide coordination, the proposal does not change agency incentives, and the council would lack authority to implement decisions. Members expressed mixed views, with some supporting a coordinating body and others questioning whether it would differ from past efforts. No votes were taken during the portions summarized here, and the committee indicated it would hold some items open for further discussion.

Transcript Highlights:

• It simply requires transparency, reinvestment, minimum staffing, and basic guardrails.
• It simply requires transparency, reinvestment, minimum staffing, and basic guardrails.
• It simply requires transparency, reinvestment, minimum staffing, and basic guardrails.
• It simply requires transparency, reinvestment, minimum staffing, and basic guardrails.
• <01:25:36.159> home our findings indicate that minimum home our findings indicate that minimum

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• We're proposing to bring those minimum salaries up.
• It includes � $2.2 billion to increase the base wage for community attendant services to $12 per hour
• at this. that there is sufficient money in the budget right now to where when you... add the base wage
• and the payroll taxes and the service support. that you could actually get the total wage up to $15.75
• We've got an employment program up there where they actually get paid minimum minimum wage when they

Keywords: 1184, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• That figure represents 18% of the median salary in our state, and for someone earning minimum wage, it's
• The EITC, along with other tax credits and the minimum wage and other programs like individual development
• increase the ITC from 40% to 50% of the federal credit, delivering greater financial relief for low-wage
• in the U.S. is a family caregiver, which I found shocking as I dug into this, often leading to lost wages
• the organ recipient, but donors often incur expenses such as travel costs, lodging, parking, lost wages

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The Joint Committee on Revenue held a public hearing focused largely on tax-credit proposals tied to children, families, caregivers, child care, health care workforce development, and public health. A major portion of the hearing concerned bills to expand the state earned income tax credit and child and family tax credit, including H. 3073/S. 1957 and S. 1975. Testimony from advocacy groups, legal services, tax assistance organizations, and health providers supported increasing the EITC match from 40% to 50% of the federal credit, expanding eligibility to immigrant and mixed-status ITIN filers, larger families, younger and older workers, and SSI recipients, and raising the child and family tax credit to $600 per child with inflation adjustments and possible advance payments. Witnesses said these changes would reduce poverty, improve health and educational outcomes, and help families meet basic expenses; committee members asked questions about ITIN filers and expressed support for the policy goals. The committee also heard extensive testimony on S. 1938/H. 3159, An Act Supporting Family Caregivers. Speakers described the scale of unpaid caregiving in Massachusetts and supported a package that would create a refundable tax credit, respite vouchers, workplace and housing protections, unemployment insurance access for those who leave work to care for relatives, a permanent advisory council, and a provision allowing spouses to be paid caregivers under MassHealth. Several witnesses shared personal caregiving experiences, and committee members responded favorably, noting the emotional and financial strain on caregivers and the importance of supporting them as Medicaid and long-term care systems face pressure. Additional bills discussed included H. 3174 on a child and dependent care tax credit, which was presented as a way to offset the high cost of child care; H. 3197/S. 2019 to improve the financial security of family child care providers through a tax credit; H. 3218/S. 1960 to create tax credits for health care preceptors to address workforce shortages; S. 2064 to establish a living organ donor tax credit; S. 2034 to promote healthy alternatives to sugary drinks through a tiered tax; H. 3015 to create a tax-return checkoff for the YMCA Youth and Government Program; and several public testimony ideas including vaccination, literacy, and grade-improvement tax credits. No votes or formal committee actions were taken during the hearing, which ended after all testimony was heard.

Transcript Highlights:

• So their salaries and wages, operating grants, and some of their other special line items, and you can
• So, just stating how much for salaries and wages they have, we do try to point out if there is funding
• Chair, so following some best practices and different procedures that we have put out, so our minimum
• We use national LMI data and wage information.
• So we're looking at current postings, 10-year projections for employment, and wage earnings.

Keywords: 908, all

Summary: The Budget Section’s Commerce and Legal Services Division met to review the Department of Commerce base budget for the 2027-29 biennium and to receive an update on Commerce programs. Legislative Council staff first walked the committee through the “blue sheet” base budget summary, explaining the major line items, the large share of federal grant authority in Commerce’s budget, and the continuing appropriations that support several Commerce funds. Members asked how grant funding is coordinated across agencies, and staff said collaboration varies by program but is strong in areas like UAS and LIHEAP. Commerce Commissioner Chris Schilken then presented on current activities, focusing heavily on grant administration, transparency, and economic development programs. Members questioned how grant applicants are selected, whether Commerce tracks applications and return on investment, and how long grant awards take to reach recipients. The commissioner said Commerce uses scoring criteria, outside reviewers, a minimum 30-day application window, and typically completes awards within two to three months. A lengthy exchange followed over whether Commerce should open some grants only to intended recipients versus running competitive application processes; Commerce said it follows best-practice grantmaking and that its attorney in the Attorney General’s office approved that approach. Commerce also highlighted the North Dakota Development Fund, citing long-term investment and job creation results, examples such as Red Trail Energy, Packet Digital, Valiance, Corvent Medical, child care loans, and the Automate ND program. Members asked about acceptable failures, lessons learned, regional economic development coordination, and the expansion of the fund into non-primary sectors. Workforce Director Katie Ralston Howell then outlined a statewide workforce ecosystem review, a new governor’s workforce sub-cabinet, and three task forces focused on simplifying entry, warm handoffs, and data integration. She discussed the in-demand occupations list, Workforce Pell, apprenticeships, and efforts to better connect students with employers and higher education. Commerce also briefly reviewed housing programs and a new housing sub-cabinet. No votes were taken; the committee simply received testimony, asked questions, and adjourned after setting up the next meeting to hear the Attorney General budget in June.