Transcript Highlights:

• First off is Senate Bill 88, House Draft 1, relating to the Hawaii National Guard.

Keywords: 912, senate, all

Summary: The joint House and Senate conference committee met on April 17, 2025, and discussed three measures. For SB 88 HD1, relating to the Hawaii National Guard, and SB 1377 SD2 HD1, relating to veteran cemeteries, conferees said proposed conference drafts had been circulated, but both bills still needed WHAM and Finance approval and an effective-date adjustment, so each was rolled over to Monday, April 21, 2025, at 1:30 p.m. in Conference Room 16. For HB 433 HD1 SD1, relating to public safety and re-entry services, members said they were waiting for the budget to close. The Senate indicated it was agreeable to a reporting addition in the Senate draft, and staff would circulate alternate drafts depending on whether an appropriation was included in the final budget. That bill was also held over to April 21 at 1:30 p.m. At the 3:30 p.m. conference, the committee took up SB 1452 SD1 HD2, relating to the Uniform Controlled Substance Act. Conferees agreed to the House version with an effective date of July 1, 2025, and noted no WHAM or Finance referral was needed. The committee then voted unanimously to adopt the proposed conference draft, with Senate and House conferees all voting aye except one excused Senate member, and the bill was reported out successfully.

Transcript Highlights:

• That's what's called a first person authorization. Very, very binding.
• Look, the author has questions.
• I'm the author and I'm a nurse.
• So just a little bit about this bill, it provides for the authority... And committee members.
• Okay, we have about four authors in this room for bills. We know we are on a time schedule.

Bills: SB57, SB405, HB62, HB193, HB203, HB222, HB246, HB420, HB475, HB486, HB574, HB584, HB815, HB949, HB1092, HB1214

Keywords: SB 57, Act 735, Act 463, nutrition, public health, food additives, artificial colors, banned chemicals, ingredient labeling, food labeling, FDA, food and beverage regulation, consumer disclosure, school nutrition, Louisiana Revised Statutes Title 40, Louisiana Revised Statutes Title 17, food manufacturers, food retailers, compliance, effective date delay

Transcript Highlights:

• Senator Kunesh: Thank you, and I know I authored this bill in the past, and I'm a co-author on this bill
• Senator Kunesh: Thank you, and I know I authored this bill in the past, and I'm a co-author on this bill
• Senator Kunesh: Thank you, and I know I authored this bill in the past, and I'm a co-author on this bill
• Senator Kunesh: Thank you, and I know I authored this bill in the past, and I'm a co-author on this bill
• Senator Kunesh: Thank you, and I know I authored this bill in the past, and I'm a co-author on this bill

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• community colleges, but that doesn't mean we can't continue to try and use our oversight and audit authority
• take a campus like UC Santa Cruz, you know, it's geographically sort of... ...isolated off on the coast

Summary: The Joint Legislative Audit Committee held an oversight hearing on a state audit of California’s community college transfer process, with members and witnesses broadly agreeing that transfer pathways remain too complex and inconsistent. Opening remarks emphasized that community colleges serve a large, diverse, often first-generation and low-income student population, but only about one in five transfer-intending students move to a UC, CSU, or other university within four years. Members highlighted disparities by race, region, campus, and major, and pointed to the Associate Degree for Transfer, TAG, and Cal-GETC as helpful but incomplete tools because requirements still vary across campuses and systems. State Auditor’s Office staff said the audit found that while UC and CSU overall enroll substantial numbers of transfer students, individual campuses and high-demand programs often do not, especially in STEM fields. They described barriers including missing prerequisite courses, unclear information, limited counseling, and inconsistent articulation between campuses. The audit used a computer science example to show how different UC and CSU campuses require different courses for the same major. The audit issued 22 recommendations, with 10 fully implemented and four partially implemented; remaining work centers on articulation, counseling, data sharing, and better use of ASSIST. UC, CSU, and the Community Colleges each said they support transfer and are taking steps to improve it. UC cited a new public dashboard, data-sharing agreements, new transfer pathways, and an ADT pilot at UCLA, while saying campus capacity and program differences limit systemwide mandates. CSU pointed to its strategic plan goals, the Transfer Success Pathway program, direct admissions outreach, and efforts to expand ADT alignment and credit applicability, while acknowledging that many students never reach the application stage. Community Colleges emphasized that transfer reform is central to equity and baccalaureate access, and called for stronger common course numbering, broader ADT acceptance, and more student-centered articulation. Members pressed the systems on why more uniform requirements and better coordination have not been achieved, and on how to reduce barriers for placebound and working students.

Transcript Highlights:

• community colleges, but that doesn't mean we can't continue to try and use our oversight and audit authority
• take a campus like UC Santa Cruz, you know, it's geographically sort of... ...isolated off on the coast

Summary: The committee held an oversight hearing on a state audit examining California’s community college transfer process and whether streamlining it could improve access to bachelor’s degrees. Opening remarks from legislators emphasized that California’s transfer system is central to equity and workforce development, but that only about one in five transfer-intending community college students complete a transfer within four years. Members highlighted disparities by race, region, campus, and major, and pointed to confusion created by differing requirements across the UC, CSU, and community college systems, including limits and inconsistencies in the Associate Degree for Transfer (ADT), TAG, and major-specific prerequisites. State Auditor’s staff said the audit found that while UC and CSU systemwide enroll more transfer students than the Master Plan target, individual campuses and high-demand STEM programs often do not. The audit identified barriers including unclear and varying course requirements, limited counseling and education plans, insufficient counselor staffing at some campuses, and weak equity plans. It also found that many students never even apply because they do not accumulate enough units or cannot navigate the process. The auditor described examples where transfer students with strong preparation were denied at selective campuses and noted that articulation alignment across systems remains limited. Representatives from UC, CSU, and the Community Colleges responded that transfer remains a top priority and described ongoing reforms. UC cited a new public dashboard, data-sharing agreements, new transfer pathways, and an ADT pilot at UCLA, while saying campus-level capacity and program differences limit how much can be standardized from the system office. CSU said it admits more than 90% of eligible transfer applicants, is expanding transfer planning tools and direct outreach, and is implementing SB 640’s Transfer Success Pathway Program. Community Colleges said transfer reform must focus on clearer credit mobility, more consistent articulation, and broader ADT adoption. Members pressed the systems on inconsistent major requirements, the need for better coordination, and whether campuses are fully prioritizing transfer students; no votes were taken during the hearing.

Transcript Highlights:

• colleges, but that doesn't mean we can't continue to try and control and use our oversight and audit authority
• take a campus like UC Santa Cruz, you know, it’s geographically sort of... ...isolated off on the coast

Keywords: 987, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• the only octopus farm in the United States, which was in Hawaii, was ordered to close by state authorities
• It was a love story about the friendship between a man searching for meaning and an octopus off the coast

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The Joint Committee on Agriculture opened its first hearing by outlining procedures, including three-minute testimony limits, written testimony options, and the plan to hear 27 bills in docket order. The committee then took testimony on H.11/S.53, a resolve promoting equity in agriculture, with advocates from the Massachusetts Food System Collaborative, Southeastern Mass Agricultural Partnership, and urban farming organizations describing racial and economic disparities in farming, lack of data on BIPOC farmers, barriers to land and capital, and the need for a commission to collect information and recommend policy changes. Committee members asked questions about the importance of data collection and future policy development, and the bill was repeatedly urged to be reported favorably out of committee. Testimony also supported H.118, which would create a special commission to examine the strengths and sustainability of the Commonwealth’s emergency food network. The Amherst Survival Center described serving 1.6 million meals last year and explained that food pantries are now functioning as essential parts of the state’s food system while relying heavily on donations, volunteers, and unstable funding. Members discussed the need for a more holistic look at food security infrastructure. The committee then heard H.119/S.60 on climate change impacts on farms and fisheries, with regional planners and farm advocates describing flood damage, rising costs, canceled federal climate-smart funding, and the need for direct state support for adaptation, resilience, and infrastructure improvements. The committee also heard testimony on H.125/H.142/S.65, a healthy soils bill, from landscape professionals who said construction sites often leave poor or stripped soil and that the bill would require better post-construction soil standards to support healthier landscapes and reduce long-term maintenance and environmental problems. Finally, the committee took extensive testimony on H.127, which would prohibit aquaculture of octopus for human consumption. Supporters, including legislators, scientists, veterinarians, students, and animal welfare advocates, argued octopus are highly intelligent and sentient, cannot be farmed humanely, and that octopus aquaculture would create environmental harms such as waste runoff, pressure on wild fish stocks, and ecosystem disruption. No votes were taken during the hearing; the bills were heard and testimony was received.

Transcript Highlights:

• Um this do you rulemaking authority.
• On page 10 of the bill, on line seven, Roman five, it says the N authority shall disclose on the N authorization
• </c><01:37:34.000><c> under</c> the board also has broad authority under the board also has broad authority
• So run um as well as on the sea coast.
• </c> considering the diminishing authority considering the diminishing authority and<04:54:33.040><c>

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• This resolution that was just read authorizes technical corrections in Senate Bill 1.
• Would you characterize them as sex clubs as the author did?
• I'm not advised the way that the author characterize it. But I think that the...
• Would you characterize them like the author did as sex clubs?
• The towers and give the commission some rulemaking authority.

Summary: The House met in a late-session floor session that began with prayer, pledges, quorum, and a series of excused absences and Senate messages reporting action on numerous bills, conference committee appointments, and conference reports. Members also adopted a memorial resolution honoring Mark James Hanna, a Capitol lobbyist and advocate for nurses, and a congratulatory resolution for Rishi Tarumalasetti, an eighth-grade civics bee winner from Katy. The chamber also received and recorded a parliamentary colloquy about an unusual Senate request on SB 293, with the Chair stating the House could not recede from only part of its amendments and could not suspend the rules because the bill had not been returned from the Senate. The bulk of the session was devoted to taking up conference committee reports and related procedural resolutions, especially the state budget. The House adopted a resolution allowing the SB 1 conferees to go outside the normal bounds, then adopted the SB 1 conference report on a 107-21 vote. Debate on the budget centered on public education funding, tax relief, health care, corrections pay, and judicial compensation, with supporters calling it a responsible compromise and opponents arguing it was overly expansive and insufficient on property tax relief. The House also adopted a technical correction resolution tying judicial pay increases in SB 1 to the House version of SB 293, and members discussed at length the relationship between judicial salaries and legislative pensions. The chamber then adopted a long series of conference reports on measures covering topics such as school library review and book challenges (SB 13), SNAP restrictions on sweetened drinks and candy (SB 379), hospital price transparency (SB 331), nursing home accountability (SB 457), school district personnel compensation conflicts (HB 3372), property notice rules (HB 2011), research and development tax credits (SB 2018), and several other bills affecting elections, permits, education, and criminal justice. Most reports passed by wide margins, though some drew significant opposition, especially SB 13 and SB 379. The House also granted several Senate requests for conference committees and introduced additional resolutions to suspend conferee limits on various bills as the session moved toward adjournment.

Transcript Highlights:

• President, I ask unanimous consent that all bills on second reading be read by number and author only
• This bill does not change forfeiture authority or procedure.
• exemption to establish provisions regarding preceptors and prior authorization exemptions.
• We just keep adding more and more authority to the Attorney General's Office.
• We just keep adding more and more authority to the Attorney General's Office.

Keywords: 989, all

Summary: The Senate convened with a quorum present, approved the prior day’s journal, and received routine committee reports, gubernatorial messages, and House messages. Several measures were referred to committees or advanced for reading, including Senate Resolution 124 and a number of newly printed or enrolled bills. The chamber also received notice of gubernatorial appointments and House-passed bills, while some Senate bills were reported as delivered to the Governor or failed in the House. The Senate then considered and passed a series of bills on third reading. Major topics included student safety and educator disclosure (SB 1412), the Coeur d’Alene Tribe water rights settlement (HB 789), reckless driving in school and construction zones (HB 570), expanded protection for police dogs including electronic storage detection dogs (HB 654), removal of statutes of limitation for certain child sex offenses (HB 681), asset forfeiture transparency through the state controller (HB 575), ballot name rotation for elections (HB 736), beer tax distribution changes to replace lost ABC revenue (HB 793), repeal of outdated securities lending and alcohol code provisions (HB 798 and HB 799), Appaloosa specialty plate changes and funding redirection (HB 665), and restrictions on non-domiciled CDLs (HB 667). Most of these bills passed on voice or roll-call votes, with HB 667 passing 29-4 and HB 793 passing 32-1. The Senate also passed housing and tax-related measures, including a subdivision/financing process for ADUs and secondary structures (HB 707), utility property tax reporting timing fixes (HB 722), clarification of small seller and yard sale sales-tax rules (HB 792), manufactured home siting changes (HB 800), a transportation support program fix for one charter school (HB 815), and education career ladder changes for CTE and pupil services staff (HB 849). Additional bills addressed insurance cancellation/nonrenewal notice periods (HB 562), a new Heritage Trust specialty plate and fee structure (HB 825 as amended), and a Medicaid preceptor prior authorization exemption program (HB 78 as amended), which passed 19-15. Most bills were returned to the House after passage, and the Senate held some measures for a legislative day or referred them onward as required.

Transcript Highlights:

• Let it be a promise that judicial authority will never again outweigh human life.
• </c><00:50:32.800><c> over</c> Um because judges have no authority over Um because judges have no authority
• I'm the author of New Hampshire Oliver Twist. There's this bill I do support.
• But right now, we don't have any authority.
• meaning it stripped the people of their right, of their authority.

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• So, federal authority to do this.
• </c><01:08:44.960><c> Um</c> authorized by the 2014 legislature.
• Um authorized by the 2014 legislature.
• </c><01:14:07.040><c> to</c> or allows DHS to have the authority to or allows DHS to have the authority
• We need to not having good guard rails.

Bills: HF3379

Keywords: housing stabilization, disability services, predatory funding, provider requirements, housing accessibility, 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• Today the Secretary could use and has made a request for authorization to use money out of the Animal
• Health Protection Act, which that that gives her the authority to ask for money out of the CCC, the
• draw that down under the Animal Health Protection Act authority.
• Here in Texas is the is the Defense-based Development Authority.
• That's why the Defense Based Development Authority was created. Navy Chase has 3. 1.5 mile runways.

Transcript Highlights:

• Happy to be a co-author and... know Senator know Senator man<00:27:27.320><c> Madam</c><00:27:27.600>
• Thank you. is the path it has an authorization for is the path it has an authorization for the<00:28:
• So, in that clause, you know, the language that we had last year had broader authority in it, and so,
• Quade is a good author.
• uh Senator man made some author uh Senator man made some improvements<01:38:39.639><c> in</c><01:38:

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• It’s only a tax expenditure if you all have the authority to change it.
• to change it there are things authority to change it there are things that<00:16:25.199><c> exempt</
• You all need to have the authority to change it for it to be in the report.
• </c> uh with all those guidelines and guard uh with all those guidelines and guard rails<00:55:33.799
• to change it you all have the authority to change it the<01:06:38.160><c> reason</c><01:06:38.480><c

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Those agencies that are listed and already have statutory authority are really high-volume users of the
• You know, DHS sought that authority during the special session.
• You know, DOT's had authority to do it as long as I can remember.
• And we've always tried to be respectful of that authority and, and we're going to, in a partnership with
• Because, you know, for us in the auditor's office, we keep all that information very guarded, primarily

Keywords: 908, all

Transcript Highlights:

• General, and, during special session, the Department of Health and Human Services also received authority
• You know, DHS sought that authority during the special session.
• You know, DOT's had authority to do it as long as I can remember.
• And we've always tried to be respectful of that authority, and we're going to, in a partnership with
• Because, you know, for us in the auditor's office, we keep all that information very guarded, primarily

Summary: The task force approved the March 25, 2026 minutes as amended, striking language about contracting with a security vendor. Members then reviewed a draft bill on concessions procurement (LC 27.0161), which would raise the competitive solicitation threshold from $25,000 to $50,000, allow requests for proposals in addition to bids, update language for vending and merchandising machines, and clarify where concession proceeds are deposited. OMB explained the bill and said it was open to further changes, including language to address artificial fragmentation, clarify which government entities are covered, and possibly set contract-length limits. Members raised questions about whether the bill would apply to school districts, park districts, airports, and other political subdivisions, and about whether concession agreements could direct proceeds to nonprofits or other secondary recipients; OMB said the statute is intended to require proceeds to go to the government entity’s operating fund or general fund. OMB also reported on other survey suggestions. It said a proposed general authority for agencies to create pre-qualified architect/engineering vendor pools would not move forward, because the existing authority is best limited to high-volume agencies. On legal notices, OMB said it had made progress with the North Dakota Newspaper Association on modernizing online notices, improving ADA compliance, and discussing rate and definition changes. On click-through agreements, OMB and the Attorney General’s office concluded no statutory change was needed after revising internal guidance; the $20,000 threshold was described as a practical cutoff for adhesive, nonnegotiable software terms. OMB also said issues raised by the Center for Distance Education on alternate procurements and food/beverage expenditures had been resolved through policy clarification. The University System gave a brief update on its collaboration with OMB and said it was continuing to review concessions, surplus property, and capital project statutes with all institutions involved. The task force then discussed a draft bill on requirements for new or expanded spending, intended to require agencies to identify program purpose, needs, alternatives, success measures, and budget details, and to report on outcomes over time. Members and staff debated whether OMB or Legislative Council should collect and report the information, how much should be real-time versus periodic, and whether the bill should include full implementation costs for pilot programs. Legislative Council staff said the new program evaluation division is still being built out, that staffing remains limited, and that the office plans to continue working with OMB and the executive branch to refine the proposal before the next meeting. No final action was taken on the draft bills beyond directing further work and follow-up for the next meeting.

Transcript Highlights:

• Based on these findings, the authors concluded the potential deterrent effects of residence restriction
• Based on these findings, authors concluded the potential deterrent effects of residence restriction laws
• The opposition were, quote, nearly all hooded or masked to guard against photographing by the Iranian
• In August of 2025, an Illinois man was charged with homicide after authorities alleged he secretly slipped
• If the voters do approve the measure, the local authority must seek re-approval from the voters every

Summary: The Senate Judiciary and Elections Committee heard a full slate of bills, beginning with HB 2749, which would allow certain nonviolent class 4, 5, or 6 felonies to be redesignated as misdemeanors after completion of sentence and a waiting period. The committee adopted a chair’s amendment narrowing eligibility and excluding some offenses, then passed the bill 6-0 with one not voting. Supporters described it as a redemption and reintegration measure for people who have completed their obligations. The committee then considered HB 2870, a constituent-driven bill restricting level 2 and level 3 sex offenders from living together in the same single-family dwelling unless they are related or in certain supervised facilities. The sponsor and neighborhood witnesses described a Chandler/Ocotillo situation involving multiple offenders in one house and argued the bill would protect families; opponents warned it could push offenders into homelessness and make supervision harder. After debate and testimony from both sides, the bill passed 3-2 with two not voting. HB 2862, which enhances penalties for offenses committed while wearing a mask to conceal identity, also passed 3-2 with two not voting after the Scottsdale city attorney testified in support and the ACLU argued it would chill protected protest and anonymity. HB 2364, which creates criminal penalties for mailing or delivering abortion-inducing drugs and for ordering them by mail, drew strong support from anti-abortion witnesses and strong opposition from lawmakers who said it conflicts with Proposition 139 and constitutional protections for abortion access. The bill passed 4-3. HB 2244, supported by Phoenix Vice Mayor Keisha Hodge Washington, would require landlords to respond to motions to satisfy eviction judgments and allow sealing of eviction records when tenants have paid; it passed unanimously 7-0. HB 2573, which removes a 45-day waiting period before some DUI offenders can apply for an ignition interlock restricted license, passed 7-0. The committee also advanced HB 4117, a strike-everything amendment creating penalties for interfering with religious services by obstructing access or engaging in disorderly conduct intended to disrupt worship. The ADL and Jewish community advocates supported it as a protection for worshippers, while the ACLU argued it could criminalize protected protest and speech; it passed 4-3. Finally, HCR 2004, a mirror resolution on photo enforcement systems that would require voter approval for continued operation and periodic reauthorization, passed 4-3 after testimony from the League of Cities and Towns and a discussion of traffic safety versus civil-liberties concerns.

Transcript Highlights:

• the resolution prohibits a school athletic association or employees of a school association from authorizing
• an... ...athletic association or employees of a school association from authorizing an individual to
• But we can delegate that authority to local athletic associations within certain parameters.
• Madam Chair and members, House Bill 2033 authorizes a school district or charter school to administer
• Conversations become more guarded, professional judgment becomes second-guessed, and the focus shifts

Summary: The Committee on Education approved the minutes from February 18 and March 4, 2026, then took up several bills. HCR 2003, the “Protect Girls in Sports in Arizona Act,” drew extensive testimony. Supporters, including Superintendent Tom Horne, argued it would protect fairness, safety, and privacy in girls’ sports and locker rooms by requiring teams to be designated male, female, or co-ed and by limiting access to sex-designated private spaces. Opponents, including ACLU and transgender advocates, said the measure was discriminatory, would function as a bathroom ban, and could force schools to police students’ bodies and identities. The committee voted 4-3 to give HCR 2003 a due pass recommendation. The committee then advanced HB 2020, which lowers certain student threats or disruptions at educational institutions from a Class 6 felony to a Class 1 misdemeanor, and HB 2032, which changes the statewide testing window so assessments begin later in the spring and scores are returned later, with supporters saying it would better reflect a full year of instruction. HB 2033, allowing school districts or charter schools to choose paper-and-pencil administration of statewide assessments by governing board vote, also received support from educators who said it would reduce technology barriers for younger students. HB 2318, as amended, would impose term limits on school district governing board members after eight consecutive years; school board groups opposed it as harmful to rural districts, but the committee adopted an amendment and gave the bill a due pass recommendation. The committee also approved HB 2378, which changes eligibility rules for School Facilities Oversight Board members who are architects or engineers so their businesses may not include school construction. HB 2313, which prohibits teacher strikes or organized work stoppages and ties funding penalties to districts or charters that violate the ban, advanced despite testimony that it duplicates existing law and could chill educators’ speech and worsen staffing shortages. Finally, HB 2249, a major expansion of the Parents’ Bill of Rights, passed after heated testimony. Supporters said it would prevent schools from socially transitioning minors without written parental consent and stop staff from encouraging children to hide information from parents; opponents warned it was vague, punitive, and would expose teachers and schools to massive liability and litigation. The committee adopted amendments on HB 2318 and HB 2249 and reported all of the listed bills out with due pass recommendations, with recorded split votes on several measures.

Transcript Highlights:

• In 2003, state rule placed authority for determining language and cultural proficiency with tribes, nations
• In 2022, the Legislature amended statute to clarify PED's authority to issue certificates based on MOAs
• Thank you, Natasha, for the great introduction in highlighting the authority that the published tribes
• Again, the process is the authority of the Pueblo tribes and nations.
• And I think that were Israel guards or something like that. I couldn't say. Guardrails. Thank you.

Summary: The committee began with a presentation on the 520 Native American Language and Culture certificate, created to let proficient tribal language and culture speakers teach in K-12 schools without a bachelor’s degree. LESC staff, PED, and HED described the certificate’s statutory basis, the role of tribes and pueblos in setting proficiency standards, and ongoing challenges such as uneven MOAs, limited professional development, rural access barriers, data gaps, and retention concerns. PED said oversight of 520 is moving from the licensure bureau to the Indian Education Division, and HED reported that the tribal education technical assistance centers authorized in 2023 are still in procurement but are expected to be awarded in early 2026. A student, Alonzo Hughes, testified about how learning Tewa from 520-certified teachers helped him understand his culture and speak with elders, and members praised the program’s role in language revitalization and asked about funding, teacher pathways, and whether similar models exist in other states. Committee members then discussed several PED rule updates. Staff reviewed an adopted rule implementing HB 54 on AEDs and cardiac emergency response plans, including staff training requirements and staggered compliance dates, and a proposed rule for school nurse licensure under HB 195 that would create a three-tier system and align nurse pay with teacher pay. They also reviewed proposed changes to the Community Schools Act rule, including a full-time community school coordinator requirement, updated grant language, and broader coalition membership criteria; PED said the broader language would not conflict with the Martinez-Yazzie work. A proposed bilingual teacher rule would standardize coursework requirements, add trans-languaging and culturally relevant curriculum competencies, and allow Native American language certification applicants to demonstrate proficiency using tribal standards. In questions, members raised concerns about AEDs being present at athletic events, the need for the amended school nurse bill to move experienced nurses directly into higher levels, and whether the community schools rule’s broader coalition language could affect current education litigation. Members also asked about funding for 520 programs, teacher residency or cohort models, and how to support advanced language instruction and sustainability. PED said the Indian Education Fund and school budgets can support some of the work, but additional strategic funding and cross-training are needed. The committee also heard that New Mexico’s 520 system is unusually robust compared with other states, and members encouraged staff to present the model at national conferences. The meeting ended with the director’s report, which noted a flat budget request of $2,024,300, staff turnover including Natasha Davalos’s departure, and appreciation for the committee’s work before adjournment for the holidays.