Transcript Highlights:

• In 2015, after 160 years of landlessness, prior to that we had opened offices and clinics in Tacoma,
• In 1924, he was one of the primary authors of the Indian Citizenship Act, standing next to President
• Education through gaming revenue, including the early years before we even opened our casino, has supported
• strategic approach to the evolution of ALNA, transforming it from its first phase of development—opening
• I want to open it up and see if there are any final questions or comments from committee, or opening

Keywords: 904, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Clerk, will you open the roll, please?
• Clerk, will you open the roll, please?
• Now, I had someone yesterday say, well, that leaves it open to the marketplace.
• Clerk, will you open the roll, please?
• Clerk, will you open the roll, please? Those who wish to change their vote, Vote, Senator Hamilton.

Bills: SR29 , SB667 , SB1466 , SB1942 , SB1989 , SB1670 , SB1716 , SB1521 , SB1273 , SB1433 , HJR1032 , SB1969 , SB1953 , SB1277 , SB1287 , SB1061 , SB1916 , SB1589 , SB2178 , SB1444 , SB1438 , SB1501 , SB1873 , SB1364

Keywords: Black History Month, Black Oklahomans, civil rights, Tulsa Race Massacre, Greenwood, Jim Crow, segregation, all-Black towns, Boley, Langston University, Clara Luper, NAACP Youth Council, Oklahoma Civil Rights Trail, Black history, African American history, racial justice, commemorative resolution, Black excellence, state history, heritage month

Transcript Highlights:

• Senators and guests in the gallery, please rise for the opening prayer that will be given by Mother Leslie
• As we heard in our opening prayer, reference was made to an incredible association called Moffitt Cancer
• And we want to make sure that that is open. Disabilities.
• And we want to make sure that that is open all summer long, not just during the school year.
• And we want to make sure that that is open all summer long, not just during the school year.

Summary: The Senate opened with prayer, the pledge, and several introductions recognizing visitors and groups in the gallery, including Moffitt Cancer Center for “Moffitt Day,” students from Lakeland Christian School, representatives from the space industry for Space Day, Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity members, licensed investigators, and local delegations from Groveland, Polk County, Auburndale, and the College of the Florida Keys. The chamber then moved to the special order calendar with Committee Substitute for Committee Substitute for Senate Bill 112, relating to children with developmental disabilities. Senator Harrell presented the bill as a major autism-focused measure aimed at earlier diagnosis and expanded services. The bill would expand autism screening and referral grants, extend Early Steps services to age four with a federal waiver, designate the University of Florida Center for Autism and Neurodevelopment as a coordinating research hub, create grants for autism-focused charter schools and summer programs, and establish a microcredential for teachers, health workers, and daycare workers serving children with autism. Senators Davis, Jones, Osgood, Duma, and Wright spoke in support while raising concerns about provider recruitment, Medicaid managed care coverage, the need for technology and research, and the importance of early intervention and adult services. Harrell closed by saying the bill was only “step one,” addressed provider and funding questions, and emphasized research and statewide coordination. The Senate passed CS/CS/SB 112 by a vote of 38-0 and then adopted a motion to waive the rules and immediately certify the bill to the House. Senators also co-introduced Senate Resolution 1856 honoring the life and legacy of Senator Geraldine Thompson, with 38 co-introducers recorded. In addition, Senate Bill 1324 by Senator Simon was withdrawn from further consideration, and the Senate adjourned until the following Wednesday.

Transcript Highlights:

• Senators and guests in the gallery, please rise for the opening prayer that will be given by Mother Leslie
• As we heard in our opening prayer, reference was made to an incredible association called Moffitt Cancer
• And we want to make sure that that is open all summer long, not just during the school year.
• And we want to make sure that that is open. disabilities.
• And we want to make sure that that is open all summer long, not just during the school year.

Summary: The Senate opened with prayer, the pledge, doctor-of-the-day recognition, and a series of introductions honoring visitors and groups in the galleries, including Moffitt Cancer Center, students from Lakeland Christian School, space industry guests, Kappa Alpha Psi, the Florida Association of Licensed Investigators, and others. Senators also made announcements about local delegations visiting the Capitol and a session wellness competition. The chamber then took up CS/CS/SB 112, relating to children with developmental disabilities. Senator Harrell presented the bill as a major autism-focused measure that would expand screening and referral grants, extend Early Steps services through age four with a federal waiver, designate the University of Florida Center for Autism and Neurodevelopment as a statewide hub for research and coordination, create grants for autism-focused summer programs and charter school models, and establish a microcredential for workers who serve children with autism. Senators Davis, Jones, Osgood, Duma, Wright, and others supported the bill while raising concerns about provider shortages, Medicaid managed care coverage, the need for better recruitment incentives, and the importance of research into causes and treatments. Harrell responded that services would be covered under new contracts, Medicaid would provide coverage, the University of Florida would develop the online credential with a stipend incentive, and the bill was a first step in a broader effort that should also address adults on the spectrum. The Senate passed CS/CS/SB 112 unanimously, 38-0, and then adopted a motion to immediately certify the bill to the House. The chamber also adopted Senate Resolution 1856 by publication, honoring the life and legacy of Senator Geraldine Thompson, with 38 co-introducers recorded. In addition, SB 1324 by Senator Simon was withdrawn from further consideration, and the Senate adjourned until the next scheduled meeting.

Transcript Highlights:

• They can open up the debris for new plant life.
• And if I open up the wire to open for the next paddock too soon, the first ones will start going through
• So we would open it up.
• We focus on three primary priorities.
• And so we are open admissions.

Committee: Joint Tribal and State Relations Committee

Keywords: 908, all

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> And the roll call machine will be open And the roll call machine will be open for<00:26:53.080><
• call machine is open for your vote.
• Roll call is open for your vote.
• Roll call is open for your vote. All members voted.
• Roll call is open for your vote. Have all members voted?

Keywords: 958, all

Transcript Highlights:

• The primary alkaloid in plain leaf is mitragynine.
• The primary benefit of natural kratom is pain relief.
• I'm kind of opening that up, and also want to hear from the sponsors on that. Representative Rubel.
• that it would probably be good to get some more input, proponents both for and against, so I would be open

Summary: The House Health and Welfare Committee heard testimony on House Bill 864, which would classify kratom and related substances as Schedule I drugs. Sponsor Rep. Mike Pohanka and co-sponsor Rep. Aaron Bingham argued the bill was needed for public safety, citing reports from law enforcement, families, coroners, and medical professionals about addiction, overdoses, and deaths they attributed to kratom, along with concerns about synthetic 7-OH products. Supporters included the Bonneville County sheriff and coroner, who said they were seeing kratom-related deaths, youth exposure, and limited enforcement tools under current law. Opponents and those urging a regulatory approach said natural leaf kratom has helped with chronic pain, opioid recovery, and quality of life, and that a full ban would push users to black markets or more dangerous substances. Several retailers, consumers, and a toxicologist distinguished between traditional leaf kratom and concentrated or synthetic 7-OH products, arguing that the latter should be targeted instead of banning all kratom. A family physician and treatment provider said kratom use disorder and withdrawals were real and increasing, but cautioned that an abrupt ban could create unintended harms and recommended labeling, age limits, and product testing instead. Committee members asked questions about the difference between natural kratom and 7-OH, the evidence behind overdose and death claims, and whether a Schedule I classification would eliminate medical access. After hearing from a long list of testifiers, the chair said the committee had only reached partway through the sign-up list and asked whether to continue another day. Members agreed to resume testimony the next morning from 8 to 9 a.m., and the meeting adjourned without a vote on the bill.

Transcript Highlights:

• This is their primary mode of transportation to get themselves back on their feet and back to work.
• With that, I am open for questions. ...have an exemption for one motor vehicle.
• And this is their primary mode of transportation to get themselves back on their feet and back to work
• So with that, I am open for any questions. Committee, any questions for Representative Pickett?

Committee: House Business

Summary: The House Business Committee heard several bills, beginning with House Bill 529, which would let insured Idahoans negotiate a lower cash price for covered medical services and have that amount count toward deductibles and out-of-pocket maximums. Sponsors described the bill as a patient-centered cost-saving measure and offered friendly amendments to clarify terms and make the bill operational. Testimony included support from a policy advocate and a physician who warned the bill could lead insurers to lower reimbursement rates over time. After questions about prior authorization, billing, and fraud concerns, the committee voted to send HB 529 to general orders. The committee then advanced House Bill 775, which would allow a bankruptcy debtor’s one exempt motor vehicle to qualify for the exemption regardless of whether it is operable, registered, or insured. The sponsor said the bill addresses cases where a debtor’s only transportation was denied exemption because the vehicle was not currently functional. After brief questioning, the committee voted to send HB 775 to the floor with a due pass recommendation. House Bill 773, a code cleanup measure removing obsolete provisions related to corporate credit unions and cemetery statutes, also received a due pass recommendation. House Bill 787, which merges the Board of Podiatry into the Board of Medicine and moves some podiatry rules into statute, was likewise sent to the floor with a due pass recommendation. The committee then took up House Bill 790, a contested bill creating a voluntary certification for qualified interior designers to sign and seal limited non-structural, non-seismic interior plans. Supporters said it would reduce costs and delays and help retain Idaho graduates, while opponents from the architecture profession argued the bill lacked clarity, could create unintended consequences, and should not bypass architect oversight. After extensive testimony and debate, the committee voted to send HB 790 to the floor with a due pass recommendation and adjourned at the floor deadline.

Transcript Highlights:

• We're going to open up the hearing for House Bill 2498, and Ms.
• identified at the state level, with accreditation cycles of every 8 to 10 years, and they do not have a primary
• As written in Section 1-1, it clearly opens the door to national accreditation of any accrediting body
• thank you for this opportunity, Chairman Paul, Vice Chair Nance, Ranking Minority Member Ibarra, and primary

Summary: The Postsecondary Education & Workforce Committee held courtesy hearings on three bills before moving to executive session. House Bill 2443 would create an Armed Forces Reserve post-secondary education grant for members of the Armed Forces Reserve and their spouses or dependents, with repayment required unless the reservist serves one year for each year of benefit received. The prime sponsor said the bill is intended to extend educational support similar to what Washington National Guard members already receive. Testimony was generally supportive, emphasizing military readiness, recruitment, and fairness to reservists; one clarification was made that the bill applies to Armed Forces Reserve members broadly, not just the Army Reserve. House Bill 2567 would restore Washington College Grant and College Bound Scholarship award amounts for students attending four-year private, not-for-profit institutions. The sponsor and many students, school leaders, and private college representatives argued the 2025 cuts were inequitable, harmed low-income and first-generation students, and limited student choice. Supporters said the state’s dedicated financial aid account has grown and that the cuts disproportionately affected students at private institutions. Opponents, including representatives from public universities, argued state dollars should prioritize public institutions and questioned whether aid should be shifted away from state schools. Testimony was mixed but heavily pro, with sign-ins reported at 1,584 total, including 1,572 in support. House Bill 2498 would change nursing education oversight by limiting the Board of Nursing’s authority where programs are nationally accredited and by expediting approval for new programs. The sponsor and several community college leaders said the bill would reduce unnecessary barriers, speed program expansion, and help address the nursing shortage, especially in rural areas. The Board of Nursing, nursing educators, employers, and professional associations opposed the bill, arguing that state oversight is needed for public safety, Washington-specific workforce needs, and consistent standards, and that the board is already revising its rules through an open process. The committee then took executive action on two other bills: it passed Second Substitute House Bill 2363, allowing supervised music therapy practice for up to six months while exam results are verified, with an amendment delaying implementation to January 1, 2028; and it passed Substitute House Bill 2422, shifting private security guard license fees from applicants to employers and delaying implementation to November 1, 2026, by a 9-7 vote.

Transcript Highlights:

• More and more of these networks use telemedicine or urgent care clinics to handle primary care, and some
• a number of issues with our members having that problem, having to travel 50 or 60 miles to see a primary
• But the thing is, it left us open for interpretation.
• This small but powerful step would open doors to coordinating strategies, funding, and programs statewide

Bills: HB875 , HB1667 , HB2369 , HB3844 , HB4415 , HB4479 , HB4483 , HB4676 , HB5118 , HB5400 , HB5545

Committee: House S/C on Workforce

Keywords: workers' compensation, municipal construction, bidding requirements, small municipalities, contracting policies, first responders, PTSD, mental health, emergency services, medical expenses, injury claims, insurance carriers, opportunity youth, workforce development, employment, education, federal funds, employment discrimination, immunity waiver, public employees

Transcript Highlights:

• It clarifies that a court security committee meeting is not an open meeting.
• Our constitution states that all courts should be open and every person for injury shall have a remedy
• The primary issue we are currently facing is an action on applications for receivership.
• subsection F for disbursements and proceeds, for example, of currency and current wages, which was the primary

Bills: HB2242 , HB2446 , HB2799 , HB4502 , HB2920 , HB2790 , HB5620 , HB5060 , HB5076 , HB5080 , HB5081 , HB5128 , HB5130 , HB3847 , HB5116 , HB2969 , HB4546 , HB4202 , HB5624 , HB3964 , HB4803 , HB872 , HB4775 , HB4777 , HB4961 , HB5570 , HB2988 , HB4260 , HB1375 , HB5009 , HB5411 , HB5134 , HB4388 , HB3095 , HB1387

Committee: House Judiciary & Civil Jurisprudence

Keywords: constables, civil rights, local government, law enforcement, policy-making authority, affidavit, medical bills, civil actions, reasonable charges, healthcare services, judicial statistics, court performance, family law, civil cases, efficiency reporting, court security, emergency management, harassment penalties, judicial safety, court committee

Transcript Highlights:

• The Department of Cannabis Control is the state's primary regulatory body for the commercial cannabis
• The department's primary source of funding is a special fund called the Cannabis Control Fund.
• Tomorrow, we are about to open the slate of programs for fiscal year 25-26, and so the team is behind
• me working fervently to get that open. and mighty and we always punch above our weight.

Keywords: 988, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Very simply, this bill would allow 17-year-olds to vote in a primary election if their birthday is before
• It really restricts them of their ability to pick their chosen candidate in a primary.
• Whereas in the primary process, you actually have a very competitive race where sometimes the nominee
• It really restricts them of their ability to pick their chosen candidate in a primary.
• Whereas in the primary process, you actually have a very competitive race where sometimes the nominee

Committee: Joint Joint Committee on Election Laws

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The House Committee on Election Laws, chaired by Dan Hunt and co-chaired by Senator Keenan, held a hearing on 27 bills with testimony limited to three minutes per speaker. The main policy theme was expanding youth participation in elections. Senator O'Connor testified in support of Senate Bill 526 and House Bill 854, which would allow 17-year-olds to vote in a primary if they turn 18 before the general election. Lawan Allen of Vote 16 USA also supported bills to lower the voting age, arguing that youth voting becomes habitual, can increase turnout more broadly, and is already in place in several cities and states. Robin Chen, the lead petitioner for S. 508 and H. 814, gave extended testimony in favor of children's right to vote, saying children are affected by government decisions and should have a voice. Representative Sousa raised concerns about misinformation and the vulnerability of younger voters, but Chen responded that misinformation affects adults too and pointed to historical civil rights activism by children. Several local election-law measures were also discussed. Cynthia Hogan, Brockton’s elections director, supported a bill requiring candidates for local office to have lived in the city for a year, saying people have sometimes used business addresses or other questionable claims of residency to run for office. Representative Suzy testified in favor of H. 872, a Pembroke home-rule petition to reduce the signature threshold for a recall petition from 20% to 10% of registered voters, describing the change as a response to low-turnout local elections and not aimed at any current official. Representative Gallagher supported two Bridgewater home-rule petitions: one establishing a recall process for elected officials and another creating term limits for town councilors, both of which had been approved by the town council and would still require voter ratification in Bridgewater if adopted by the legislature. The hearing concluded without any bill votes or committee actions beyond accepting testimony. The chair noted that written testimony would continue to be accepted until action is taken on the bills, and the committee adjourned after no further witnesses came forward.

Transcript Highlights:

• We will adhere to committee rules on time limits: five minutes for the author's opening and closing remarks
• This is not just aimed, I mean, maybe China, CCP is the primary culprit or whatever, but this is not
• So I would just caution the committee that an amendment like that could open some unintended consequences
• Our primary concern is that, as written, SB 399 could create unintended consequences for Louisiana's
• This raises two primary concerns.

Committee: House Education

Summary: The committee first heard Senate Bill 399 by Senator Bass, which would create the Louisiana Higher Education Research Security Council to review and potentially block certain gifts, contracts, academic partnerships, and research partnerships involving foreign adversary sources. Bass said the bill is intended to protect university research, intellectual property, and students from foreign influence, and would also require public disclosure of certain foreign-linked arrangements and a plan to eliminate foreign-adversary-linked software. Supporters from State Armor argued Louisiana universities have been vulnerable to Chinese Communist Party influence and intellectual property theft. Representatives from Tulane University and Lenovo raised concerns that the bill could create duplicative review, delay research, raise costs, and sweep in legitimate private or multinational entities; a proposed amendment to exempt entities operating under a CFIUS national security agreement failed 4-8. After debate, the committee moved SB 399 favorably. The committee then considered Senate Bill 310 by Senator Cloud, presented by Representative Carlson, which would require public school and college health centers to display information about pregnancy resources available in Louisiana. Supporters from Louisiana Right to Life said the bill would help connect pregnant students with existing state and private assistance programs, while the ACLU submitted a red card in opposition without speaking. The bill was moved favorably without objection. The committee also advanced House Resolution 171 by Representative Turner, which calls for a study of the workforce-oriented TOPS Tech and M.J. Foster programs, with business and workforce groups supporting the study as a way to measure outcomes and return on investment; it was moved favorably. Next, the committee took up House Bill 1084 by Representative Turner, a tuition autonomy bill for public post-secondary institutions. An amendment was adopted to add a conceptual framework for tuition-setting considerations, but the bill would still remove the existing 10% over two years cap and allow institutions to set tuition more freely. Turner argued universities need more flexibility because state funding has declined and campuses face deferred maintenance and operating pressures. Several members, especially Representative Carlson, warned that higher tuition could reduce access and that the bill did not address broader structural problems in higher education. Despite those concerns, HB 1084 was moved favorably by an 8-3 vote. Finally, the committee heard Senate Bill 351 by Senator Jackson Andrews, which would let families apply for child care assistance through CCAP once pregnancy is known, rather than waiting until after birth, to help move them up the waiting list. An amendment was adopted to have BESE, rather than the department, handle rulemaking and to allow the House and Senate education committees to approve the implementation process. The bill was then discussed as a way to help parents return to work sooner, and the hearing continued with questions from members.

Transcript Highlights:

• the right-hand side there, you can see the first one that we did: the maternal and child health and primary
• For maternal and child health and primary care, we've put in about $432 million in total.
• So $35 per service on expansion adults, except primary care, mental health, and substance use disorder
• Open for a lot of time on it, but if your payment rate is between 6 to 8%, then the state has to pay
• For example, in the Title IV Part B grant, the first grant award notification we got when I first opened

Committee: House Federal Funding Stabilization Subcommittee

Transcript Highlights:

• I'll say the primary difference really is probation involvement.
• I believe still open in a In a layman's type terms that any time during that process they could opt in
• You know we are in the service of people in service and the initial and primary what I would describe
• as primary restoration impacts went to the mandatory or voluntary furloughs that 15 courts had implemented
• So to get families to open up and to share their experiences with us, to provide not only their stories

Keywords: 988, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• This is the revenue estimate for FY 26, which is really the primary budget year in question for you all
• And also, when does the window for the recreational trails tax open up again for local governments to
• But what happens to those hundred and fifty thousand primary oil and gas jobs and all the secondary industries
• Ability insurance, and then just the cost of opening government that we need to get into the habit of
• for the health care authority, where both recommendations are funding continued rate increases for primary

Committee: House House Appropriations & Finance

Transcript Highlights:

• The next six slides relate to the primary government of the state.
• The next six slides relate to the primary government of the state.
• The financial information on these slides, relate to the primary government of the state.
• The primary reason for the variation in additions, or revenues, over this period was the fluctuation
• Their eligibility system controls whether or not that case remains open.

Committee: All LEGISLATIVE JOINT AUDITING

Summary: The committee met to adopt prior minutes and reports from its executive and standing committees, including counties and municipalities, educational institutions, and state agencies. Those reports covered routine audit activity, delinquent private water and sewer audits, municipal accounting compliance issues, education audit findings, and several state agency audit items. The committee also reviewed and adopted the State of Arkansas annual comprehensive financial report for fiscal year 2025 and the related single audit report, both presented by Legislative Audit staff. The state financial report showed unmodified opinions on the state’s financial statements and described total assets of about $41.9 billion and liabilities of about $11.1 billion, along with retirement system assets of $39.9 billion and a net pension liability of $9 billion. Two material weaknesses were identified: insufficient internal controls at the Office of State Technology to monitor threats and unauthorized access, and a Division of Workforce Services methodology change for unemployment-related estimates that was not properly documented or approved. The single audit covered $12.4 billion in federal awards across 469 programs, with 16 major programs reviewed; it resulted in 33 findings, 14 with questioned costs totaling $16.6 million, and qualified opinions for the Summer EBT program, the Coronavirus Capital Projects Fund, and the Child Care Development Fund cluster. Members questioned agency officials in detail about the Summer EBT questioned costs, DHS unresolved findings, broadband grant documentation, cyber security controls, workers’ compensation liabilities, and child care funding and reporting. DHS explained that the Summer EBT issue involved drawing federal funds in advance rather than as benefits were redeemed, and said the process has been corrected. Broadband officials said the questioned $6.6 million reflected documentation-detail disagreements across many invoices rather than missing payments. OST officials described new logging, endpoint detection, and phishing-training efforts, and DFA and Education officials addressed specific audit findings and corrective actions. The committee ultimately moved to hold the two large statewide reports over until the August meeting for further review, with discussion continuing on whether to release some agency staff in the meantime.

Transcript Highlights:

• So, again, you've got the situation of instruction by the primary teacher not being there being an impact
• instruction by the the situation of the instruction by the by<00:11:58.480><c> the</c><00:11:58.640><c> primary
• teacher</c><00:11:59.519><c> not</c><00:11:59.839><c> being</c><00:12:00.079><c> there</c> by the primary
• teacher not being there by the primary teacher not being there being<00:12:00.800><c> an</c><00:12:01.120
• >> Not currently, but I'd be open to just a thought, because I think it would be very important for us

Keywords: Meeting Start: 00:00 Attendance Roll Call: 00:11 Legislative Proposal: Representative Blanton: 01:12 • House Bill 220 Approval of Minutes: 10:07 Legislative Proposal: Senator Nunn: 10:24 • Sick Leave Flexibility for School District Employees Adjournment: 34:35, 958, all

Summary: The committee first took up Representative John Blanton’s bill on pension spiking and Kentucky Public Pension Authority administration. Blanton said the measure would make a prior court-related pension-spiking fix retroactive to July 1, 2022, so employees who retired between that date and the court ruling would be treated the same as those covered by the earlier legislation. KPPPA staff said they did not think the bill would go beyond the Court of Appeals ruling, but noted it could prompt requests from people who retired before July 1, 2022. Members asked about how many retirees might be affected, whether the language was narrow enough, and whether the bill could open the door to additional claims; Blanton estimated roughly 1,000 retirees would need review, with fewer actually impacted. No vote was taken on the bill in the excerpt. The committee then heard Senator Matt Nunn and Scott County Schools Superintendent Billy Parker present a proposal allowing school districts to offer teachers and other employees a voluntary payout for unused sick days. Supporters said the idea could improve attendance, reduce substitute costs and classroom disruptions, help retain younger teachers, and potentially lower long-term retirement-related costs because the payout would not count toward pension compensation. They emphasized the program would be optional for districts and employees, would require teachers to keep at least 15 sick days in reserve, and would be district-funded rather than a state cost. Members raised questions about budget impact, tax treatment, pension effects, and whether the incentive would actually change behavior; the bill sponsor and witnesses said the payout would be taxed like other compensation and would not affect TRS or CERS benefits. One member requested reporting on how the program would be used, and the sponsor said he would be open to adding that. The sponsor also noted a later committee-substitute change would allow use of accumulated sick leave for observance of religious holidays not otherwise on the school calendar, with a personal statement from the employee.

Transcript Highlights:

• This is our sixth year requesting the same urgent help: keep our doors open for survivors of sexual assault
• This is the state's primary tool for supporting high-demand workforce programs.
• The primary thing I want to flag for you is that this proposed supplemental budget sweeps an additional
• the Medicaid pharmacy benefit in managed care. 340B revenue is core to HealthPoint's comprehensive primary
• The HRC enforces Washington's law against discrimination and is the state's primary civil rights enforcement

Summary: The House Appropriations Committee opened with committee guidelines for the 2026 session, including limits on testimony, amendment deadlines, confidentiality expectations, and professionalism rules. Chair Ormsby also reviewed housekeeping for the public hearing, noting the meeting was recorded and live streamed, and that testimony would be limited to one minute because of the large number of sign-ups. The committee then began its work session on Governor Ferguson’s proposed 2026 supplemental operating budget, presented by OFM Director Katie Chapman, who outlined the state’s fiscal pressures: higher caseloads in major programs, a revenue forecast decline of about $390 million, federal policy changes tied to H.R. 1, inflation, and a relatively small ending fund balance. She said the governor’s budget solves about a $2.3 billion shortfall through nearly $800 million in spending reductions, revenue shifts, fund transfers, use of about $1 billion from the Budget Stabilization Account, and some tax preference changes, while also making targeted investments in areas such as child welfare, behavioral health, wildfire response, housing, and IT modernization. Chapman also explained that the proposal does not fully balance over the four-year outlook under the state’s statutory assumptions, but said the governor relied on the budget-balance law’s exception tied to BSA use and low employment growth. A question from Rep. Connors about credit ratings was answered with the view that the impact is difficult to predict and that Washington’s strong pension funding and balanced-budget framework remain positives. The public hearing drew testimony from state officials and many advocates, most of whom opposed specific cuts or fund shifts in the governor’s proposal. Secretary of State Steve Hobbs objected to proposed sweeps from the corporations and charities fund and the library archives account, citing prior cuts, layoffs, cyberattack-related costs, and the need to upgrade aging systems. Commissioner of Public Lands Dave Upthegrove urged restoration of wildfire prevention funding, saying the proposed amount was still $30 million short of the commitment in House Bill 1168 and that underfunding would increase suppression costs and risk to communities. Many education witnesses opposed reductions to Working Connections Child Care, transition to kindergarten, local effort assistance, Running Start, and higher education across-the-board cuts, arguing they would harm access, equity, and workforce development. Higher education leaders from community colleges, the University of Washington, Western Washington University, and Evergreen State College described staffing cuts, program reductions, and pressure on student services, while K-12 groups and OSPI said the budget would deepen existing funding gaps. A large portion of testimony focused on human services, health, housing, and civil legal aid. Child welfare and youth-serving organizations supported some targeted investments but opposed cuts to child care, child welfare network administration, and youth programs; advocates for foster youth, homeless youth, and mentoring programs asked for continued or increased funding. Health care and long-term care providers warned that proposed Medicaid and rate changes would reduce access for seniors, people with disabilities, and safety-net patients, while Planned Parenthood and abortion access advocates urged full restoration of the Abortion Access Project and related reimbursements. Housing and legal aid witnesses backed the governor’s proposed right-to-counsel funding but asked for more support, and homelessness advocates sought contingency funding for federal housing programs. Crime victim and domestic violence service providers repeatedly said the proposed $12 million was far short of the roughly $21.38 million needed to avoid service cuts and closures. Other testimony addressed the Climate Commitment Account shift for the Working Families Tax Credit, with environmental advocates opposing the diversion of CCA dollars and workforce advocates supporting the governor’s economic security and employment programs. No votes or formal committee action were taken during the hearing portion described in the transcript.