Video & Transcript Research : 'diversion programs'

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MN

Minnesota 2025 1st Special Session

House Floor Session 5/8/25 - Part 1

Minnesota House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • founders to keep sectarian and religious differences at bay in order to focus on the common good among a diverse
Keywords: 1183, house
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Floor Session Feb 20th, 2025

California House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • We need, this is why we need diversity, equity, and inclusion in public education.
Keywords: 988, house, all
NH

New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session

House Finance (03/31/2025)

Transcript Highlights:
  • We're going to stop—not end the program—but we're stopping our marketing of the program, and that had
  • > that our marketing of the program and that our marketing of the program and that had<00:10:37.160
  • <00:45:55.839> um called the housing Champion program um called the housing Champion program
  • <01:00:12.160> was is going away because the program was is going away because the program
  • to as a school voucher program, or as I call it, a virtual voucher program.
Keywords: 928, house, all
Summary: The Finance Committee met to review Division One of a very large budget package, with the chair explaining that the budget was being analyzed in three divisions over multiple days. Members first discussed procedure, including when amendments and line-item votes would be taken, and agreed to proceed with the division’s presentation before questions. Representative Maguire then outlined the division’s approach as a series of tradeoffs to close a large budget gap, emphasizing cuts, some revenue changes, and a focus on overall spending levels as well as individual reductions. The presentation covered a wide range of agencies and policy areas. Major proposed changes included cuts or eliminations to several boards and commissions viewed as costly or duplicative, such as the Housing Appeals Board, Board of Tax and Land Appeals, Human Rights Commission, Commission on Aging, Office of the Child Advocate, and the Personnel Appeals Board, with some functions consolidated into other boards. The division also proposed back-of-the-budget cuts to the Information Technology Department, Judicial Branch, Justice Department, Retirement System, Corrections, and Environmental Services, along with fee increases in several areas. Other notable items included ending marketing for Paid Family Leave, reducing job advertising and tourism promotion, defunding the Arts Council, moving liquor enforcement functions out of the Liquor Commission, and shifting some funds such as the College Savings Commission money to Division Two. Several members questioned specific cuts, especially the elimination of the Council on Aging, the reduction in regional planning commission grants, and the large cut to tourism advertising. Maguire defended the choices as necessary budget tradeoffs, arguing that some programs duplicated work done elsewhere, that regional planning grants were not among the most essential items, and that tourism promotion was a form of spending he viewed skeptically. He also explained that the public defender’s budget was partially restored after a credible claim of a governor’s budget error, and that the committee would continue refining corrections-related cuts because the House was only halfway through the budget process and further changes could still occur in the Senate and conference committee.
NY

New York 2025-2026 Regular Session

New York State Senate Session - 05/19/2026

New York Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • SCARCEDALE AND But I know many of my colleagues also have students here today, and this is a wonderful program
  • And all the diversity of America.
  • issues in our community, consistently representing the best of what we have, whether it is tutorial program
  • issues in our community, consistently representing the best of what we have, whether it is tutorial program
  • CONSISTENTLY REPRESENTING THE BEST OF WHAT WE HAVE, WHETHER IT IS TUTORIAL PROGRAM, THROUGH SCHOLARSHIPS
Keywords: 993, senate, all
Summary: The Senate convened, approved the prior journal, and handled several motions to discharge and substitute identical Assembly or Senate bills, along with a number of amendments. The chamber also welcomed student visitors from the League of Women Voters’ Students of Albany program and a group of Staten Island titleholders, and later adopted previously approved resolutions honoring Dorothy E. Reid for her role in Brown v. Board of Education and recognizing Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. on Delta Day, with multiple senators speaking in support of both recognitions. The bulk of the floor session was devoted to third-reading votes on a large number of bills, most of which passed with broad support. Measures addressed public health, workers’ compensation, education, environmental conservation, insurance, labor, criminal procedure, domestic relations, tax, municipal authority, and correction law. Several bills were explained by sponsors as advancing stormwater management authority, labor-law transparency, public health protections, and stronger penalties for trafficking-related offenses; one bill on immunization in summer camps drew a defense from Senator Skoufis as a child-protection measure, while another on correction law passed with some Republican opposition. The chamber also took up a controversial public health/electronic health records bill by Senator Fernandez. Senator Martin questioned the bill at length about redacting certain categories of information, emergency access, provider obligations, and the impact on doctors’ ability to see complete medical histories. Fernandez said the bill was intended to protect patients from discrimination and to limit access to a small list of sensitive services, while also noting emergency exceptions and support from more than 200 health care providers. The debate remained focused on balancing privacy protections with concerns about continuity of care and record integrity.
NM

New Mexico 2025 Regular Session

House - Health and Human Services Feb 3rd, 2025

House Health & Human Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • Members at DHI in the new health care authority that would be responsible for implementing this program
  • Home, Fort Bear Medical Center, Las Vegas Behavioral Health Institute, and the Los Lunas Community Program
  • you describe the personnel required for the health care authority to implement and to operate the program
  • not a subject expert, but I have been an employer where drug testing is used, and I've also run programs
  • So it’s $859,000 but just for three years for sustainability to get the program started.
ND

North Dakota 2026 1st Special Session

Energy Development and Transmission Committee Jun 2nd, 2026 at 09:00 am

Energy Development and Transmission Committee

Transcript Highlights:
  • , oil and gas research program, and renewable energy programs.
  • , oil and gas research program, oil and gas research program, and renewable energy programs.
  • That's typically what the Lignite Research Program, Oil and Gas Research Program, Renewable Energy Program
  • Typically what the Lignite Research Program, Oil and Gas Research Program, Renewable Energy Program,
  • So this program has been very successful.
Keywords: 908, all
ND

North Dakota 2026 1st Special Session

Energy Development and Transmission Committee Jun 2nd, 2026

Energy Development and Transmission Committee

Transcript Highlights:
  • , oil and gas research program, and renewable energy programs.
  • That's typically what the Lignite Research Program, Oil and Gas Research Program, and Renewable Energy
  • Program... ...typically what the Lignite Research Program, Oil and Gas Research Program, and Renewable
  • Energy Program target: ideas that are beyond that exploratory phase but not yet commercial.
  • So this program has been very successful.
Summary: The committee met in Grand Forks, approved the February 26 minutes by voice vote, and recessed for a tour of the Mincota Power Cooperative headquarters before returning for presentations on large energy consumers, especially data centers. The first presentations focused on how North Dakota should respond to rapid growth in energy-intensive projects, with speakers emphasizing the need for reliable transmission, local decision-making tools, and factual information for county and township officials who are being asked to weigh major projects with limited staff and technical support. The North Dakota Transmission Authority director said local governments are being asked to make high-impact decisions on pipelines, transmission lines, large agriculture, wind, solar, carbon dioxide pipelines, direct-air capture, and data centers, and urged development of simple statewide decision tools and support from the League of Cities and Association of Counties. The Department of Environmental Quality’s air division director said North Dakota’s air remains among the cleanest in the nation, but large data centers can create air-quality concerns because of diesel backup generation; he said the department is requiring air monitors at some facilities and expects grid power and, potentially, cleaner natural gas backup to reduce emissions. Members asked about emissions standards, misinformation, monitoring costs, and staffing succession at DEQ. The Department of Water Resources director said North Dakota’s water law is based on common ownership and prior appropriation, and that data centers generally use relatively small amounts of water, often in closed-loop systems. He said the Missouri River and groundwater supplies are ample for projected needs, that the department’s permitting process protects senior water rights, and that even a worst-case data center scenario would use a very small share of Missouri River flow. Members asked about downstream impacts and compared data center water use with fracking. Later, McLean County State’s Attorney Ladd Erickson urged the committee to study how other states regulate data centers, warned against litigation-driven delays and overly broad local ordinances, argued reclamation bonding should be handled at the state level if at all, and said data centers can bring jobs and tax base but should remain subject to local zoning. The committee ended the morning session for lunch and later heard an EERC update from CEO Charles Gorecki on the center’s 75 years of work in energy and environmental technologies, especially oil and gas development and related research.
US

US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

US House Floor Proceedings (Wednesday, September 17, 2025)

US Federal House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • marketing to manufacturing, CT programs marketing to manufacturing, CT programs work<00:10:40.800
  • reflective of the need of his diverse reflective of the need of his diverse population.<00:16:08.880
  • But promises do restore this program.
  • program. With that, I yield back. program. With that, I yield back.
  • The pending expiration of programs.
TX

Texas 89th 2nd C.S.

Health Care Affordability, Select May 1st, 2026

Health Care Affordability, Select

Transcript Highlights:
  • So we have certain funds that we use for state-funded programs like the Texas Healthy Women's Program
  • . ...a PPO-type program, a lower-cost program.
  • What are y'all's thoughts on those programs? Sidecar, et cetera.
  • What are your thoughts on those programs?
  • No, there are programs... ...money back? No, I'm being serious. No, there are programs.
Keywords: 1184, house, all
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Committee on State Administration and Regulatory Oversight Jun 21st, 2026 at 10:00 am

Joint Committee on State Administration and Regulatory Oversight

Transcript Highlights:
  • , there is a definitive effort to do outreach to ensure that we are hiring unions for apprentice programs
  • , there is a definitive effort to do outreach to ensure that we are hiring unions for apprentice programs
  • , which allows soldiers and airmen to transfer their unused... ...family education program, which allows
  • Vernal pools are essential habitats and ecosystems, and support a diverse group of flora and fauna, and
  • ... ...in the legislature to make what's called the prescription monitoring program mandatory.
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The committee heard testimony on several bills. Representative David Linsky supported HB 3383, which would designate the song “Roadrunner” as the official rock song of Massachusetts, describing its Boston roots and cultural significance. Representative Sean Garberle supported HB 3335 on public access to historical records, arguing that records from state institutions should be released after 75 years and that families and researchers should be able to identify people buried in unmarked graves at former state institutions. Representative Rodney Elliott and Lowell officials supported HB 4138, authorizing easements for a Lowell sewer separation project; they said the project is needed for Clean Water Act compliance, will reduce combined sewer overflows into the Merrimack River, and must proceed quickly to meet SRF and consent-decree timelines. Committee members asked about Article 97, the location and scope of the easement, environmental justice impacts, and minority/small business participation in construction. The committee also heard extensive testimony on Senate 2183 and its House companion, which would elevate the Massachusetts National Guard to a cabinet-level position reporting directly to the Governor. Senators Mike Moore and John Velis, along with the National Guard Association’s Matthew McKenna, argued the change would reduce bureaucracy, improve communication and readiness, and reflect the Guard’s broad domestic and military missions. Velis cited the Holyoke Soldiers’ Home tragedy as an example of a breakdown in communication, while committee members said they wanted more information, including input from the Governor’s office and Guard leadership, before acting. The committee noted the distinction between state-controlled and federalized Guard missions and said it would continue reviewing the issue. Senator Liz Miranda and a large panel of survivors, advocates, and Northeastern law students testified in support of S. 2174 and S. 2177, which would create an office and task force on unsolved homicides, allow families to petition for case review after three years, require written responses, and establish a tip line, database, and dedicated funding. Witnesses described long-standing lack of communication, low clearance rates, and the disproportionate impact on Black and Brown communities. Senator Becca Rausch also testified on S. 2210, extending public records law to the governor and Legislature, and S. 2207, creating stronger information-governance and records-retention standards; she said both would improve transparency and reduce waste. The transcript does not reflect any votes taken during the hearing, though chairs repeatedly indicated support for moving some bills favorably and said the committee would continue reviewing the National Guard proposal.
NM

New Mexico 2026 Regular Session

Senate - Health and Public Affairs Feb 1st, 2026 at 01:15 pm

Senate Health & Public Affairs

Transcript Highlights:
  • I am here as a victim advocate for the San Domingo OVW program.
  • My name is Jade Wesco, and I'm with the New Mexico Coalition of Sexual Assault Programs, the statewide
  • Forward Senate Bill 41 and for being fierce champions of survivors of sexual assault and the programs
  • And as to the scope of this particular crime, the New Mexico Coalition of Sexual Assault Programs has
  • You know, being something that's not a mandate on insurance or federal or government program benefit
Bills: SB41, SB33, SB32, SB30
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Rules Feb 24th, 2026

Rules

Transcript Highlights:
  • And so, we're ...courses whose course program is greater than 120 credits.
  • The bill requires that institutions that have only an approved course or program must be licensed to
  • If a government fails to adopt or update an expedited permit program, applicants may use a qualified
  • The bill strengthens the Department of Health's education program also for the care and treatment of
  • A cybersecurity program commensurate with its size and complexity.
Summary: The committee first confirmed six appointees in a single vote, then took up a series of bills, most of them reported favorably. The early debate centered on SB 208, a land-use bill by Sen. McLean that would require development fees to reflect review costs and create more objective compatibility standards for residential development denials. An amendment adding housing-related provisions, including an OPAGA study of urban development boundaries, drew extended discussion over the Everglades and local control; it was adopted, while a late-filed amendment on rural boundaries was withdrawn. The bill was then reported favorably after supporters and opponents, including Miami-Dade and housing groups, weighed in. The committee also favorably reported SB 686 on agricultural enclaves after amendments adding conservation, wildlife corridor, and Everglades-related protections, with one amendment specifically preserving stronger protections in counties covered by the Northern Everglades/Indian River Lagoon plan. Several criminal justice and public records measures also advanced. SB 436 would add resisting an officer with violence as a qualifying prior offense for battery enhancement and include certain felony battery offenses in prison release reoffender status. SB 830 would extend public-records protections to county and city administrators and related family information. SB 990 would authorize protected cell captive insurers in Florida. SB 600, on bail bonds, drew the most debate: an amendment by Sen. Rouson preserved the current treatment of charitable bail organizations’ deposits, with supporters arguing nonprofits help low-income defendants and critics saying the bill should distinguish commercial and nonprofit bonding; the amendment was adopted and the bill reported favorably. SB 914 on dry needling and SB 1434 on infill redevelopment also passed, the latter with an amendment removing a 10% markup requirement for buyback provisions. The committee then moved through a large education and health agenda. SB 1504 would let high school students who complete an insurance/personal finance elective qualify later for a customer service representative license. SB 1718 would expand educator preparation and temporary certification options. SB 7038 was a broad education package covering tuition waivers for Florida State Guard members, residency rules, consumer protections, dual enrollment, grading, and college funding; amendments clarified workforce licensure and exempted certain dental training from new licensure rules. SB 1092 on podiatric medicine added definitions and restrictions for cellular/tissue-based products. SB 1138 on qualified contractors created a pre-application review program for certain local governments, with historic-preservation carveouts. SB 186 on student health and safety required seizure-training and action plans in schools, and SB 560 on child welfare streamlined psychotropic-medication procedures for children in state care while adding youth advisory meetings and insurance-data review. SB 902, a broad Department of Health bill, addressed medical marijuana facility setbacks, practitioner discipline, autism microcredentials, marriage and family therapy licensure, a neurofibromatosis grant program, and family home health aide delegation; it passed after two amendments. Finally, SB 218 on land-use regulations limited hurricane-recovery restrictions to affected counties, SB 1002 expanded child-neglect definitions tied to parental drug abuse, SB 1474 tightened biosolids land-application rules, SB 1708 eased out-of-state veterinary licensure by endorsement, and SB 314 established a Florida regulatory framework for payment stablecoins aligned with federal law. Most measures were reported favorably by committee vote after brief testimony or no debate.
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

01/28/2026 - House Government

Government

Transcript Highlights:
  • funding from the program in charge.
  • funding from the program in charge.
  • Lastly, the federal program provides no oversight or accountability.
  • That federal program typically influences state and local programs.
  • who are experiencing homelessness, is really a terrific program.
Keywords: 1182, all
FL

Florida 2025 Regular Session

Appropriations Feb 12th, 2025

Transcript Highlights:
  • This bill also replaces the existing unauthorized alien transport program with a new program where the
  • But that is outside the 2.87 G program. Senator Polsky for additional question.
  • that for other participants that are not are for the programs that are not Senator Gur.
  • >> Rhule or program to Senator Berman earlier question.
  • Not only are we taking it away but were ripping out from people who are in the program.
Keywords: 999, senate, all
NH

New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session

House Environment and Agriculture (04/14/2026)

Environment and Agriculture

Transcript Highlights:
  • One of the things that, when I put together the database program, I was hoping that it would provide
  • What I didn't hear was that the diversion was happening here, widespread in New Hampshire, or that the
  • <03:08:08.680> was<03:08:08.880> happening was that the diversion was happening was
  • that the diversion was happening here<03:08:10.160> widespread<03:08:10.720> in<03:08:
  • We've got um a for this program.
Keywords: 1189, house, all
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • As someone who has built or complied with audit and certification programs at both startups and large
  • We don't need auditors who are experts in child safety to have a successful program.
  • We don't need auditors who are experts in child safety to have a successful program.
  • Maybe we support certain job apprenticeship programs, whatever it is.
  • Apprenticeship programs, whatever it is, but we cannot do that without information.
Summary: The committee heard several bills focused on artificial intelligence, child safety, mental health, and privacy. SB 574 by Senator Umberg would require transparency and human oversight when attorneys, judges, and court neutrals use AI; it drew support from privacy advocates and committee members, with no opposition. SB 1276, the End Child Exploitation Act, would update child sexual exploitation laws to cover live-streamed and AI-generated abuse material and clarify that viewing such content can be criminally punishable; prosecutors, child advocacy groups, and others supported it, while no one appeared in opposition despite opposition on file. SB 813 would create a California AI standards and safety commission and a voluntary two-tier certification framework for AI safety standards; supporters said it would create scalable, independent oversight, while TechNet and CalChamber opposed it as duplicative, under-defined, and likely to create a de facto mandate. The committee discussed market pressure, federal preemption concerns, and the role of voluntary standards, but no final vote was taken in the excerpt. Senator Padilla also presented SB 300, which would strengthen protections for minors from sexually explicit chatbot content by moving from a reasonableness standard to an affirmative duty to prevent such exposure and to prohibit facilitation. Supporters said new evidence showed greater risks and that companies can and should build stronger safeguards; opponents, including TechNet and CCIA, argued the bill was premature because SB 243 had only recently taken effect and warned it could create strict-liability-like exposure. Padilla then presented SB 903, which would bar AI chatbots from being advertised as therapists, require licensed clinician oversight and informed consent for AI use in psychotherapy, and protect patient confidentiality; it received broad support from mental health professionals and labor groups, while industry and health associations were opposed unless amended over triage and crisis-detection language. The committee members emphasized the need for human judgment in mental health care and noted ongoing negotiations on amendments. The committee also heard SB 1119, a companion to AB 2020, which would require annual risk assessments, crisis-response protocols, default child settings, parental controls, limits on data use, public incident reporting, and third-party audits for chatbots used by children. Supporters argued the bill would address documented harms and improve transparency, while industry groups objected to ambiguous standards, liability exposure, and the private right of action. A roll call vote was taken on SB 1119 after quorum was established; the motion to pass to Appropriations succeeded on a 5-1 vote, with one no vote and the measure left on call for absent members. Finally, SB 354, a privacy bill for insurance consumers, would modernize outdated insurance privacy rules, bar sale of personal information, and expand consumer rights to know, correct, and delete data. Supporters said it would implement Proposition 24’s privacy mandate, while a large coalition of insurers, agents, brokers, and related businesses opposed unless amended, mainly seeking a small-business exemption and narrower treatment of publicly available information; members and the author said negotiations were ongoing and the bill had already been substantially revised.
LA
Transcript Highlights:
  • We do have some exceptional vocational programs.
  • We do have some exceptional vocational programs.
  • So they're in the middle of that program now.
  • It is not just a financial program.
  • Program.
Summary: The committee first approved the May 20 minutes and then advanced HCR 95, which would create a more uniform tax base for future state and local tax exemptions and credits, requiring a two-thirds vote of both chambers to deviate from that uniformity. HB 648 was deferred by the author. HB 1049, dealing with public meeting procedures and notice requirements, was amended after discussion with the Police Jury Association, school boards, and local government groups; the amendments removed a requirement for a lawyer at every meeting and clarified notice and posting language, and the bill was reported with amendments despite opposition from local government associations and the City of Baker. The committee then heard HB 615, which would expand livestreaming and two-year archiving requirements to more public bodies, including non-elected boards and commissions with taxing or rulemaking authority. Supporters framed it as a transparency measure, while local government and association witnesses argued it would impose an unfunded mandate, especially on small volunteer boards, and raised concerns about costs, staffing, record retention, and reliance on social media platforms. The bill was not advanced. HB 1201, as amended, would provide legislators reimbursement for travel and limited out-of-session expenses, including housing and mileage, beginning with the next term; members discussed the need to make public service more financially feasible and to broaden who can afford to serve. The committee reported HB 1201 with amendments. The committee also considered two constitutional convention-related bills. HB 244 would set guardrails for any future convention by capping delegates at 144, specifying delegate selection, requiring a two-thirds delegate vote to send proposals to voters, and requiring both a majority of voters and approval by three-fourths of the parishes for ratification; after debate over whether the parish threshold was too high, the bill was reported favorably on a roll call vote. HB 4, as amended, was narrowed to require the Senate and House Governmental Affairs committees to meet in the off-season to discuss the mechanics of a possible convention, but members viewed it as more of a study resolution than binding legislation, and the committee voted to keep it in committee. The meeting then moved to confirmation hearings. Courtney Myers, nominated for Deputy Secretary for the Office of Juvenile Justice, and Ernest Jacob Reade Jr., nominated as Assistant Secretary, testified about their backgrounds and priorities, emphasizing juvenile rehabilitation, education and vocational programming, mental health services, credible messengers, family contact, and better communication with legislators and families. Nathan McBride, nominated as Deputy Secretary of the Department of Environmental Quality, testified about his engineering and government affairs background and said he would focus on legislative work, waste tire management, permitting modernization, and constituent service.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • This legislation would be advantageous to the program.
  • It's item C on the grant program.
  • It's item 3: coordinate volunteer programs by local governments to ensure programs align with state standards
  • But some of the programs are at risk of being cut.
  • It's a good program.
Keywords: 1185, senate, all
CO

Colorado 2026 Regular Session

Colorado House 2026 Legislative Day 101 Apr 24th, 2026

Colorado House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Stephanie has created a space that reflects the vibrant diversity, culture, and lived experience that
  • 30:17.440> reflects<00:30:17.840> the<00:30:18.000> vibrant<00:30:18.399> diversity
  • , um that reflects the vibrant diversity, um that reflects the vibrant diversity, culture,<00:30:
  • Let’s take into account, you know, the diversity of student beliefs and values.
  • or when they were um doing a program or when they were um doing other<03:49:58.720> things<03
Keywords: 981, all
ND
Transcript Highlights:
  • , oil and gas research program, and renewable energy programs.
  • That's typically what the lignite research program, oil and gas research program, renewable energy program
  • Typically, what the lignite research program, oil and gas research program, and renewable energy program
  • And one of the primary things we've been doing through this task is the Energy Hawks program.
  • So this program has been very successful.
Summary: The committee met in Grand Forks, approved the February 26 minutes by voice vote, and recessed for a tour of Minnkota Power Cooperative before hearing presentations on large energy consumers and related infrastructure issues. The first presentation, from the North Dakota Transmission Authority, focused on the need for better local decision-making tools for counties, townships, and planning and zoning boards facing major projects such as transmission lines, pipelines, data centers, wind, solar, and large-scale agriculture. The speaker urged more objective, data-driven analysis, noted that local officials often have limited time and resources, and said the state should support training and tools through groups like the League of Cities and the Association of Counties. Members asked about proactive outreach, data center ordinances, and how to avoid subsidizing large loads or causing reliability problems. The Division of Air Quality then discussed environmental oversight of data centers, emphasizing that North Dakota’s air remains among the cleanest in the country and that the agency’s role is limited to air, water discharge, stormwater, and waste—not zoning or water use. The presentation explained that data centers generally have low direct emissions but may rely on diesel backup generators when the grid is unavailable, which creates air-quality concerns; the department said it is requiring air monitors at some projects to collect real-world data and guide future decisions. Members asked about generator emissions, misinformation, monitoring costs, and staffing succession, and the agency said permit applicants pay for the monitors while the state handles some QA work. The Department of Water Resources followed with an overview of North Dakota water law and data center water use. The director explained the state’s prior-appropriation system, the public-interest review for permits, and the large overall water supply available from groundwater and the Missouri River. He said most proposed data centers use closed-loop cooling systems and generally request relatively small amounts of water compared with other uses such as power plants, irrigation, and oilfield operations, and that even a worst-case data center scenario would use only a tiny fraction of Missouri River flow. Questions focused on downstream impacts and comparisons to fracking water use, and the director said the state’s use is too small to materially affect downstream users. Later, McLean County State’s Attorney Ladd-Erickson testified online about data center zoning and permitting. He asked the committee to have Legislative Council gather information on how other states handle data center permitting and to keep the topic on the interim agenda. He argued that local zoning should remain local, but said counties lack the technical and legal resources to manage complex reclamation or bonding requirements and that state-level enabling legislation may be more appropriate. He also recommended eliminating tax incentives for data centers. The committee chair said staff would prepare a document on other states’ zoning and permitting approaches. After a lunch recess, the committee reconvened at the EERC, where CEO Charles Gorecki gave an overview of the center’s 75 years of work and its role in oil and gas, carbon management, and other energy technologies, highlighting enhanced oil recovery and carbon dioxide utilization as major opportunities for future production and tax revenue.