Video & Transcript Research : 'execution'
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NH
New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session
House Commerce and Consumer Affairs (03/19/2025)
Transcript Highlights:
- All right, we'll open up the executive session. We'll hear the first bill. It is House Bill 167.
- Here, uh, the executive session chief—there you go. Yeah, got it. Of course.
- <00:19:05.080>
session here uh the U executive session here uh the U executive session Chief - Chair—this is an executive session, not a subcommittee.
- <01:39:09.239>
order established based on the executive order established based on the executive
Summary:
The committee first took up House Bill 167, a PFAS-related measure expanding the state’s restrictions to include ski wax and related fluorocarbons. The sponsor said the bill was a follow-up to last year’s PFAS law and largely targeted products already off the market, describing it as a reaffirmation of the state’s intent to keep PFAS out of water. The committee voted unanimously to recommend the bill ought to pass and then placed it on the consent calendar.
Next, the committee considered House Bill 275 on health career credentialing requirements. The discussion centered on a proposal that would have required insurance companies to pay for training mandated by federal requirements. Members concluded that approach was not appropriate and voted unanimously to make the bill inexpedient to legislate, then placed it on the consent calendar. House Bill 276, dealing with on-premise beverage license requirements, was then reconsidered after an initial ITL vote. The committee adopted an amendment creating a tavern license for establishments limited to patrons over 21, with a higher fee and no food requirement, and then voted 15-0 to recommend the bill ought to pass as amended; it was also placed on the consent calendar.
The committee then took up House Bill 310, which would establish a commission to study a regulatory framework for stable tokens and tokenization of real-world assets. The sponsor said the amendment added blockchain-based trusts and discussion of privacy and environmental concerns. The committee approved the amendment 16-0 and then voted 16-0 to recommend the bill ought to pass as amended, placing it on the consent calendar. House Bill 312, concerning intercollegiate student athletes’ right to earn compensation from name, image, and likeness, was retained because members said the issue was not ready and the NCAA had not resolved how to handle it. Finally, the committee began discussion of House Bill 316 on ground ambulance reimbursement, with an amendment that would replace the bill’s reimbursement provisions with a study commission; members debated how it related to another bill, HB 725, and whether the amendment would delay immediate relief for ambulance providers.
MN
Transcript Highlights:
- I am the Executive Director of Business Services at St. Michael-Albertville Public Schools.
- Crocker the Executive Director of Crocker the Executive Director of Business<01:25:10.679>
services - director Chris Crocker if you executive director Chris Crocker if you would<01:27:54.199>
would <01:28:03.960>Director <01:28:04.280>of Chris cckr am the Executive Director of Chris - cckr am the Executive Director of Business<01:28:04.679>
services <01:28:05.159>at <01:
NH
Transcript Highlights:
- If we don't finish executing bills, we'll return and finish up what we need to do.
- Do I have a motion to go into executive session?
- All right, we leave executive session. We have a motion and a second.
- All in favor of leaving executive session, please say aye. Any opposed?
- committee all right we lead executive committee all right we lead executive session<01:59:15.760
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
House Commerce Finance and Policy Committee 2/20/25
Commerce Finance and Policy
Transcript Highlights:
- He then turned it over to his partner in the bill, Representative Keith Allen, and MNIGA's executive
- Jeff Christensen, Executive Director, Minnesota Insurance Guarantee Association. Thank you.
- director for his comments the executive director for his comments Mr<00:04:00.000>
Christensen <00:04:06.159>director Jeff Christensen executive director Jeff Christensen executive director - Members, questions for the representative or the executive director?
Keywords:
corporate governance, shareholder rights, beneficial ownership, defective corporate acts, Minnesota Business Corporation Act, Minnesota Insurance Guaranty Association, MIGA, insurance guaranty fund, insurer insolvency, covered claim, net worth threshold, high-net-worth insured, financial information request, insurance claims, self-insured retention, deductible, commercial insurance, insurance regulation, Minnesota Statutes 60C.09, guaranty association
NH
New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session
Senate Executive Departments and Administration (02/19/2025)
Executive Departments and Administration
Transcript Highlights:
- All in favor of going into executive? Okay. Any other quick bills that we receive?
- All in favor of going into executive? Do we have a motion on Senate Bill 182?
- All right, and with that we have a motion to come out of executive session. All in favor?
- Okay, I’ll take a motion to go into executive session. Moved and seconded. All in favor?
- Anything else you want to discuss before we go out of executive session?
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
Fraud Committee Meeting - 2026-04-21
Fraud Prevention and State Agency Oversight Policy
Transcript Highlights:
- Newman is available for questions, and in the audience we have Joey Cenian, who is the executive director
- I've mentioned it last time we met, and I've since spoken to their executive director, principal.
- They still have responsibility because the executive director last week, or the commissioner, said that
- Frankly, this is an example of the executive branch here in the state of Minnesota standing in the way
- this is an example of the executive this is an example of the executive branch<01:25:14.160>
MN
Transcript Highlights:
- I serve as executive director of the Minnesota Leadership Council on Aging.
- I serve as executive director of the Minnesota Leadership Council on Aging.
- I serve as executive director of Smaila.
- The governor's council was effectuated through an executive order.
- I'm the executive director Brian Zerfas.
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
House Energy Finance and Policy Committee 3/12/26
Energy Finance and Policy
Transcript Highlights:
- I'm the executive director of the Citizens Utility Board of Minnesota.
- And second, I would like to invite Miss Annie Levenson Faulk, executive director of Citizens Utility
- Again, I'm Annie Levenson Faulk, executive director of the Citizens Utility Board of Minnesota.
- director<00:45:43.119>
of Levenson Faulk, executive director of Levenson Faulk, executive - I'm the executive director of O'Grady.
Keywords:
utilities, rate cases, cost recovery, reporting requirements, gas infrastructure, 1183, house
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
House State Government Finance and Policy Committee 3/5/26
State Government Finance and Policy
Transcript Highlights:
- Do you believe that federal law enforcement has the authority to come into Minnesota and execute federal
- Do you believe that federal law enforcement has the authority to come into Minnesota and execute federal
- State agencies have reported energy use since 2004 and water use since 2017 under executive order.
- portfolio and places current executive portfolio and places current executive order<01:20:30.400
- executive order in in a must scenario. executive order in in a must scenario.
Keywords:
civil rights, law enforcement, federal collaboration, accountability, state law, immigration enforcement, economic impact, Operation Metro Surge, study, appropriation, local government, Legislative Commission on Legislative Security, legislator security, elected official security, staff security, statehouse security, capitol security, legislative district safety, political violence prevention, threat assessment
Summary:
The committee first attempted to approve minutes from February 24 and March 3, but members identified multiple spelling errors in names, so approval was held and the motion withdrawn. The committee then took up House File 3477, a bill by Representative Long proposing a civil remedy for constitutional violations by government actors, including federal actors. An author’s amendment (A4) was adopted to remove a subdivision and clarify retroactivity. In discussion, members raised concerns about Supremacy Clause and immigration-related issues; the author responded that the bill applies evenly to state and federal actors and is meant to enforce constitutional rights, not immigration law. After debate, the motion to re-refer the bill to the general register failed on a 6-7 vote, with one member excused.
The committee next heard House File 3480, authored by Representative Howard, which would commission an independent economic impact study of Operation Metro Surge. An A2 amendment was adopted to add a dollar amount for the study and clarify timing. Representative Howard said the study would help the legislature understand statewide impacts and noted reported harm to businesses, child care, schools, and local governments. Testimony in support came from Laura Santiago, reading a statement from Christopher Gomez of Willmar, who described ICE agents entering his family’s restaurant, the detention and deportation of family members, and resulting business losses. Rachel Ser, Minneapolis emergency management director, cited a preliminary city assessment estimating major impacts including food insecurity, lost wages, business revenue losses, hotel cancellations, and rental assistance needs. Some members questioned the cost and usefulness of the study, while others said suburban and greater Minnesota communities also wanted the data. The transcript ends during continued discussion of the bill.
CO
Colorado 2026 Regular Session
Colorado Senate 2026 Legislative Day 048 Mar 3rd, 2026
Colorado Senate Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- would also like to recognize our guests if they could please stand in the chamber today from the executive
- chamber today from uh the executive chamber today from uh the executive director<00:45:06.319>
- There's about that in executive session.
- We rely on PAR, but when they go into executive session, we have no idea what they're talking about.
- on PRA, but when they go into executive on PRA, but when they go into executive session,<02:53:26.479
MN
Transcript Highlights:
- <01:50:42.320>
actions <01:50:43.119>u <01:50:43.520>251210 executive actions u - So when did you start doing that or moving into that, following the executive orders?
- Executive Order 251 came in January of '25. >> Okay.
- And I think a lot of things with Governor Walz's executive orders and things the legislature and the
- Walls's executive orders and things<01:55:57.199>
the <01:55:57.440>legislature <01:55:
HI
Transcript Highlights:
- Craig Nakamoto, Executive Director.
- Craig Nakamoto,<00:16:24.959>
executive <00:16:25.440>director. - Nakamoto, executive director. Nakamoto, executive director.
- Uh so again, Craig Nakamoto, executive Uh so again, Craig Nakamoto, executive director<00:17:25.520
- <01:13:03.199>
for Craig Nakamoto, executive director for Craig Nakamoto, executive director
Bills:
HB1604, HB1713, HB1722, HB2270, HB2401, HB2515, HB1979, HB1593, HB1743, HB2122, HB1756, HB1837, HB1729
Keywords:
agriculture, housing, workforce, land use, zoning, public-private partnerships, tax credit, school impact fees, impact fee exemption, school facilities authority, residential development, housing shortage, affordable housing, infill housing, land dedication, fee in lieu, school construction, developer exactions, fair share contributions, education contribution agreement
Summary:
The committee heard testimony on HB 1604, which would create an agricultural workforce housing group within the Department of Agriculture and Biosecurity to address shortages of farmworker housing. The department said it supported the bill’s intent but emphasized that the group’s early work should focus on gathering data and surveying farm operators to assess actual demand, to avoid “mission creep.” Testimony from the City and County of Honolulu Office of Economic Revitalization, Hawaii Farmers Union, Hawaii Farm Bureau, Housing Hawaii’s Future, and the Maui Chamber of Commerce was in support, with one witness suggesting a housing advocacy nonprofit be added to the working group for balance.
The committee then discussed HB 1713 on school impact fees, which would clarify exemptions for certain affordable housing projects and exempt new residential developments of fewer than 100 units. The Attorney General’s office said the bill should define “low to moderate income households” because that term is not defined in chapter 302A. HHFDC, the School Facilities Authority, Grassroot Institute of Hawaii, and others supported the measure, arguing it would reduce administrative burden and remove barriers to housing. Members questioned whether the bill should instead repeal the school impact fee entirely; supporters said they also favored full repeal but viewed this bill as a more feasible step. The School Facilities Authority also explained that about $28 million in school impact fees had been collected across four districts and none had yet been spent, and discussed how recent nexus requirements limit how the funds can be used.
HB 1722, relating to residential condominiums, drew extensive testimony and questioning. HCDA supported the bill and explained that it amends the 99-year leasehold pilot program created by Act 97 of 2023 by reducing owner-occupancy restrictions from 100% of units to 60%, allowing some rental or subleasing flexibility for the owner-occupied units, and permitting up to 40% of units to be sold to qualified residents after being on the market for more than 60 days. HCDA said the original restrictions, combined with rising construction costs, higher interest rates, and competition from nearby projects, made the pilot project difficult to market and finance; it said the changes are needed to make the project feasible and competitive. Supporters including AP Hawaii, Kila LLC, and project representatives said the amendments would help make the demonstration project in Kakaʻako viable. Some members raised concerns that the changes could weaken long-term affordability and questioned why certain ownership language was being deleted if rentals would still be restricted. No votes or final committee actions were taken in the portion of the hearing provided.
HI
Transcript Highlights:
- I'm Wendy Gaty, the executive director for the Agribusiness Development Corp.
- I'm Wendy Gaty, the executive director for ADC.
- I'm Wendy Gaty, the executive director for ADC.
- I'm Wendy Gaty,<00:31:58.399>
the <00:31:58.559>executive <00:31:58.880>director - Gaty, the executive director for ADC. Gaty, the executive director for ADC.
Keywords:
agriculture, aquaculture, livestock, agribusiness, Department of Agriculture, regulatory functions, employee benefits, restorative practices, sustainability, environmental stewardship, local food systems, Native Hawaiian, workforce development, agricultural development, Hawaii Island, property manager, state employment, SB3320, Hawaii, Agribusiness Development Corporation
Summary:
The committee heard testimony on SP 2350, which would transfer oversight of the Department of Agriculture’s Agricultural Development Division and the aquaculture and livestock support services branch to the Agribusiness Development Corporation. The Department of Agriculture and ADC both testified, with ADC opposing the bill as written while supporting the goal of strengthening agriculture. ADC said the transfer could create federal operational and coordination risks, jeopardize federal funding and program continuity, and was unnecessary because ADC is a business development entity, not a regulatory agency. The Hawaii Farmers Union also expressed concern that moving the programs could weaken the department’s ability to access federal resources, while the Hawaii Farm Bureau submitted written testimony and the Hawaii Aquaculture and Aquaponics Association and H-Plan were noted as supporting the measure; the Hawaii Cattlemen’s Council was noted as opposing it.
Much of the discussion focused on aquaculture’s economic potential and the role of regulation, permitting, and funding. Committee members questioned why aquaculture had not grown faster, citing current gross revenues of about $66 million last year, a prior high of $82 million, and a possible long-term target of $500 million. Testimony identified permitting and feed costs as major barriers, along with market conditions and water quality issues affecting producers. ADC described ongoing efforts on feed development, permitting streamlining, coastal-state collaboration on seaweed and restorative aquaculture, and national advocacy for more parity in seafood import standards.
Members also pressed the Department of Agriculture on its leadership and priorities, criticizing the lack of bills and resources dedicated to aquaculture and asking whether the department should have more authority to pursue land purchases and development opportunities. The department said it relies on divisions and industry feedback for bill ideas, noted it funds an annual aquaculture survey, and said it was pursuing congressional earmarks and other funding for aquaculture parks, research, and export/import issues. ADC said it would work with the department if the bill passed, but that its current statute does not give it regulatory authority and any such change would require a statutory amendment.
KY
Kentucky 2025 Regular Session
Interim Joint Committee on Judiciary (6-10-25)
Transcript Highlights:
- I'm<00:02:13.840>
the <00:02:14.319>executive <00:02:14.800>officer <00:02:15.200 - >
of <00:02:15.360>the I'm the executive officer of the I'm the executive officer of the - I am Angie Darcy, and I am the executive officer with pre-trial services.
- 07.519>
pre-trial executive officer with pre-trial executive officer with pre-trial services. - the second and chair of the executive the second and chair of the executive committee<00:32:27.279
Keywords:
Meeting Start: 00:00:00
Roll Call: 00:00:01
Recognition of New Members: 00:01:17
Disaster Response: 00:01:41
Pretrial Discussion: 00:31:25, 958, all
Summary:
The committee first established a quorum, approved the minutes from the November 7, 2024 meeting, and then heard an update on disaster response and courthouse recovery efforts after the April flooding. Representatives from the Administrative Office of the Courts, the Franklin County Circuit and District Court Clerk’s office, and the Franklin Circuit Court described damage in Perry, Hardin, and especially Franklin counties. Perry County had limited roof and water infiltration issues with no operational impact. Hardin County’s justice center basement took about 18 inches of water, affecting court records and mechanical/electrical equipment, and court operations were briefly suspended. Franklin County’s courthouse was far more severely damaged, with about four feet of water on the first floor, forcing relocation of court operations to temporary sites, including AOC space and the regional jail for custody proceedings.
Witnesses said damaged files from Hardin and Franklin counties were removed, sent to an out-of-state vendor for drying and remediation, and would be returned or destroyed as appropriate. They estimated combined costs for file restoration, building repair, and remediation at about $11 million, with insurance through KCOJ/KO expected to cover only part of the losses and FEMA reimbursement still pending a federal disaster declaration. They also said the Franklin County courthouse’s first floor remains gutted, electrical panels and HVAC systems need major replacement, and the second and third floors may be used temporarily once power and data are restored. Members asked about roof damage in Hardin County, the status of FEMA applications, digitization of court records, and whether Senate Bill 25 restricted funds could be used to cover the funding gap; staff said the funds cannot be spent without General Assembly authorization.
The committee also discussed broader record-retention and e-filing issues, with members noting the limits of paper filing and the need for better digitization as a backup in emergencies. AOC staff said they are working with the Supreme Court and state law librarian on what records can be digitized and how long hard copies must still be retained. After the disaster-response presentation, the committee moved on to a separate informational presentation on pre-trial services, with introductions from the executive officer of pre-trial services, the president of the Kentucky District Judges Association, a circuit judge, and the manager of pre-trial services, who began explaining how the pre-trial system works for newer committee members.
NH
New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session
Joint Committee on Dedicated Funds (05/21/2025)
Transcript Highlights:
- Paul Breen with the Pease Development Authority, executive director, and I'm joined with Susie Analone
- Paul Breen with the Pease Development Authority, executive director, and I'm joined with Susie Analone
- I'm the executive director of OPLC. I will be quite brief.
- Eight to 9,000 of them are executive branch employees who have the coverage from the state as a paid
- branch employees who have the executive branch employees who have the coverage<02:00:06.960>
from
Summary:
The Joint Committee on Dedicated Funds met to review the House budget provision that would impose a 5% administrative charge on a broad list of dedicated funds, with some exemptions. Members discussed the House approach versus the Senate’s more general approach of leaving the governor discretion over which funds could be charged. The chair explained the committee was hearing from agencies about any legal, contractual, or practical reasons their funds should be exempt, and the agenda was expanded to include several departments and written submissions from others.
The Department of Education testified first, identifying several funds it said should be exempt: a printing revolving fund that is funded by transfers rather than fees; teacher certification, which is self-funded by educator licensing fees and would require an immediate fee increase if charged; a vending stand set-aside tied to the federal Randolph-Sheppard program and subject to federal approval and vendor committee procedures; and a public school infrastructure/safety account, where most revenue is transferred from the education trust fund or general fund rather than generated by fees. Members questioned the department about the effect on school safety projects and whether the fee would simply reduce the number of projects completed each year.
The Veterans Home asked for exemptions for three funds: a donation benefit account used for recreational activities and quality-of-life expenses for residents, a small memorial trust fund whose interest supports veteran activities, and a resident member account that holds veterans’ personal income such as Social Security and pensions. The department argued the charge would reduce donations, cut services, and effectively function like an income tax on vulnerable veterans. The Banking Department also requested exemption for its consumer credit administration license fund, saying it is used to keep exam fees low and is expressly intended by statute to reduce costs on regulated businesses; it said the 5% charge would undermine that framework and could eventually force higher fees.
The Department of Justice began testimony on its dedicated funds, starting with the medical legal investigative fund, which pays for death investigations and related services under statute and without general fund support. No votes or final actions were taken in the portion of the meeting provided; the committee mainly heard testimony and asked questions about the practical and legal effects of applying the administrative charge.
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
Gov. Tim Walz's tax bill, HF2437, heard in House Taxes Committee 4/2/25
Transcript Highlights:
- 09.240>
highest <00:35:09.560>tax MBP represents more than 100 business leaders and executives - <00:36:35.319>
whose Business Leaders and Executives whose Business Leaders and Executives - You know, it's also been discussed that the executive branch has mentioned the high level of aid that
- You know, it's also been discussed that the executive branch has mentioned the high level of aid that
- at the Department of Revenue. ...hey, why are we giving public money to this entity where their executive
Summary:
The committee took up House File 2437, the governor’s proposed tax bill, and first adopted the A25-Z42 amendment to put the bill in the desired shape. Commissioner Paul Marquardt of the Department of Revenue then presented the bill as part of Governor Walz and Lieutenant Governor Flanagan’s budget, describing it as a response to budget pressures that would make the tax system more fair and stable while supporting economic development and jobs.
Marquardt walked through the bill’s major provisions. These included sustainable aviation fuel policy, repeal of K-12 education credit assignment, elimination of the political contribution refund, expansion of the research and development credit, short-line railroad infrastructure modernization, changes to the state airport fund levy, replacement of attachments and appearances with distribution systems, a narrow personal property tax exception for low-income housing tenants, reduced aquatic invasive species aid, and a 34% reduction in PILT payments. He then focused on the sales tax article, saying it would lower the statewide rate by 0.75% while expanding the base to selected professional services such as accounting, banking, brokerage, and legal services, with business-to-business transactions exempt. He said the proposal would be effective for sales and purchases after September 30, 2025, and estimated a first-year rate-cut impact of about $99 million versus $215 million from the service expansion, while arguing that most households would see a net tax cut. He also noted other changes such as landlord penalty adjustments, a 30% reduction in sustainable aviation fuel incentive payments, repeal of local government cannabis aid, and repeal of the tax filing modernization account.
Public testimony began with Kyle Playford of the Financial Planning Association of Minnesota, who strongly opposed the proposed sales tax on professional services, especially financial planning. He argued that financial planning is an essential service for retirement, investment, and long-term financial security, and said the tax would raise costs for consumers, reduce access for middle-class families, small business owners, and retirees, and put Minnesota firms at a competitive disadvantage. The chair then indicated that additional public testimony would continue before member questions.
NH
New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session
Senate Executive Departments and Administration (03/26/2025)
Executive Departments and Administration
Transcript Highlights:
- Just for the record, Diana Jurus, Executive Director, OPLC. Always happy to help clean up here.
- Just for the record, Dana Jurus, executive director, OPLC.
- Well, I'm going to execute. Do we have a motion to go into exec?
- <01:28:48.400>
departments <01:28:48.800>and on executive departments and on executive - <01:53:07.520>
director, <01:53:08.199>OPLC, Diana Jerus, executive director, OPLC,
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
House Workforce, Labor, and Economic Development Finance and Policy Committee 3/18/25
Workforce, Labor, and Economic Development Finance and Policy
Transcript Highlights:
- Representative Baker: So the nursing home Workforce Standards Board and the executive director of the
- Representative Baker: So the nursing home Workforce Standards Board and the executive director of the
- The nursing home Workforce Standards Board and the executive director of the board have been working
- I'm the executive director of West Broadway Business and Area Coalition.
- Chris Del Porter I'm the executive Chris Del Porter I'm the executive director<00:30:39.159>
Keywords:
HF339, Nursing Home Workforce Standards Board, nursing homes, long-term care, elder care, workforce standards, certified worker organizations, labor funding, general fund appropriation, worker grants, Minnesota labor law, nursing home staffing, caregiver workforce, section 181.214, HF1272, nursing home, boarding care home, nursing home workers, labor standards, Medicaid-certified facility
MN
Transcript Highlights:
- It would affect school funding generally speaking, and has to do with the President's executive order
- The education executive order expands opportunities for low-income working families, military families
- has to do with the president's executive has to do with the president's executive order<00:49:05.400
- <00:49:12.559>
order <00:49:13.480>expands the education executive order expands the - education executive order expands opportunities<00:49:14.680>
for <00:49:15.040>lowincome<
NH
New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session
Education Policy and Administration (03/10/2025)
Education Policy and Administration
Transcript Highlights:
- Why do we execute this American couple? What’s a gulag?
- Why do we execute this American couple? What’s a gulag?
- Why do we execute this American couple? What’s a gulag?
- The Rosenbergs—why do we execute this American couple? What’s a gulag?
- Um, are you attending the executive bill that identified for the one-hour other bills?
Summary:
The committee heard testimony on House Bill 749, which would require high schools to provide at least one hour of instruction on the nature and history of communism. The prime sponsor said the bill was prompted by concerns that students lack basic historical knowledge about communism and its effects, and argued that a short, flexible requirement could be embedded in an existing course without creating a new full class. He described communism as a totalitarian ideology and cited historical examples including the Soviet Union, Cambodia, Vietnam, the Cold War, and current events involving Russia, Ukraine, and Taiwan as reasons students should understand the topic.
Members asked whether the subject is already covered in current social studies standards, whether one hour is enough, and whether the bill would apply to public, private, parochial, and charter schools. The sponsor said he did not believe communism is specifically required in current standards, that he would prefer a full course but was proposing a minimal requirement, and that he intended the bill to apply broadly to schools under the Department of Education’s umbrella, though he acknowledged the wording may need clarification for charter schools. He also said the proposal was both reactive and proactive, based on anecdotal concerns and his teaching experience.
A second supporter testified that he was born in the Soviet Union and favored the bill, but suggested the instruction should emphasize critical thinking and explain both why communism can appeal to some people and why it can have harmful consequences. No vote or final committee action was taken during the portion of the meeting provided.