Video & Transcript Research : 'National Electrical Code'
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MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
House Workforce, Labor, and Economic Development Finance and Policy Committee 3/25/26
Workforce, Labor, and Economic Development Finance and Policy
Transcript Highlights:
- The Electrical Association is a trade organization of over 250 electrical contractors located throughout
- the Electrical Association. the Electrical Association.
- >
a <00:32:22.000>trade The Electrical Association is a trade The Electrical Association - organization of over 250 electrical organization of over 250 electrical contractors<00:32:25.800
- Electrical<00:32:41.840>
contractors <00:32:42.640>are <00:32:42.800>uniquely Electrical
Keywords:
workplace regulations, employee rights, meal breaks, rest breaks, exemptions, paid leave, small employers, employment law, Minnesota Statutes, workforce development, HF4569, Minnesota Paid Leave Law, protected leave, seasonal employee, seasonal worker, hospitality, hospitality industry, DEED, Department of Employment and Economic Development, employer certification
WA
Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session
Joint Transportation Committee Jun 23rd, 2026 at 09:00 am
Transportation
Transcript Highlights:
- just gathering some information and selecting alternative funding mechanisms to evaluate through national
- just gathering some information and selecting alternative funding mechanisms to evaluate through national
- Ecology oversees an electric school bus grant program, as well as the performance monitoring for the
- Now, certainly we need these at some point as electric vehicle adoption increases, but from the public
- It's being used nationally. Washington State chose to use this because it does... ...nationally.
AL
Alabama 2026 Regular Session
Alabama Senate County and Municipal Government Committee Feb 17th, 2026
County and Municipal Government
Transcript Highlights:
- So we're a little bit more inclusive on that list to handle electrical contractors and refrigeration
- contractors and uh to handle electrical contractors and uh refrigeration<00:07:36.479>
contractors - <00:17:54.880>
contractors individuals like electrical contractors individuals like electrical - Um, but number two, there is a national issue with the whole perception of police.
- This is a solution. >> That's a national problem.
Keywords:
lottery winnings, lottery prize, state lottery, income tax exemption, tax exemption, gambling, games of chance, prize proceeds, Alabama Department of Revenue, state income tax, tax relief, winnings, jackpot, lotto, Alabama State House, Montgomery, Legislative Council, demolition, state capitol, state capitol building
NM
New Mexico 2026 Regular Session
Senate Chamber Feb 11th, 2026 at 11:30 am
New Mexico Senate Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- The New Mexico National Guard takes great pleasure.
- She's a member of the National Down Syndrome Network.
- She's a member of the National Down Syndrome Congress.
- She's a member of the National Down Syndrome Society.
- Nationally, we do lead the nation in these shortages, but the nation is also very short, and there will
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
House Floor Session -Part 2/Joint Convention of House and Senate/State of the State Address 4/28/26
Minnesota House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- Call us all in this state and this nation back to what is true and life-giving.
- ><00:09:29.120>
this Call us all in this state and this Call us all in this state and this nation - nation nation back<00:09:30.920>
to <00:09:31.080>what <00:09:31.280>is <00:09:31.440 - Nobody knew that we would face a national reckoning with racial injustice and police abuse, one whose
- <00:36:29.440>
is nation-leading child tax credit is nation-leading child tax credit is cutting
Summary:
The joint convention opened with the House and Senate assembling, a prayer by Reverend Mariah Furness-Tollgard, and roll call establishing a quorum. The chamber then welcomed the Minnesota Supreme Court, constitutional officers, Lieutenant Governor Peggy Flanagan, and Governor Tim Walz before the governor delivered his final State of the State address. The convention later adjourned by motion.
In his address, Governor Walz reflected on recent tragedies and political violence, including the deaths of Melissa and Mark Hortman, the Annunciation Church shooting, and the federal immigration operation he described as causing fear and disruption. He said Minnesota remained strong because of its people and highlighted accomplishments over the past seven years, especially in education, child care, free school meals, workforce development, housing, infrastructure, clean energy, climate initiatives, reproductive freedom, LGBTQ protections, voting rights, workers’ rights, paid family leave, and public safety measures.
Walz also proposed new actions for the current session, including a significant expansion of the dependent care tax credit, a $907 million bonding bill, support for sustainable aviation fuel, a social media tax on big tech companies, a governor’s council on the future of the AI economy, additional gun violence prevention measures, and a stronger anti-fraud and human services oversight system. He urged legislators to pass the fraud and oversight bills and said he would sign them immediately. The House then voted to adjourn until April 30, 2026, after the joint convention ended.
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Natural Resources Committee Jun 29th, 2026
Natural Resources
Transcript Highlights:
- I'm Heidi Sanborn with the National Stewardship Action Council, in support. It's good to see you.
- Brandi Abek here on behalf of Pacific Gas and Electric.
- They want to transition to cleaner, more cost-effective electric trucks. term alternatives.
- I'm Heidi Sanborn, the CEO of the National Stewardship Action Council, a nonprofit that advocates for
- I'm Heidi Sanborn, the CEO of the National Stewardship Action Council, a nonprofit that advocates for
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
Special Session - Senate Floor Session - Part 1 - 06/09/25
Minnesota Senate Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- Pledge of Allegiance: “To the republic for it stands, one nation under God, indivisible, with liberty
- 25:37.760>
with nation under God, indivisible, with nation under God, indivisible, with liberty - save money on their electric bills. save money on their electric bills.
- In other words, we had cheaper electricity costs than 40 other states. could vote for.
- words, uh we had cheaper electricity words, uh we had cheaper electricity costs<01:27:38.320>
WA
Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session
House Transportation Dec 4th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- The vessels are hybrid electric with a capacity of 160 vehicles, and the contract went to the Eastern
- Under current funding levels, you'll see three hybrid electrics and one Jumbo Mark II conversion.
- Vessels: approximately $300 million to $450 million per hybrid electric Olympic class vessel.
- But there's risk, as Representative Paul noted earlier, when they were working on the steel electrics
- How many of those will be hybrid electric?
Summary:
The committee received a detailed staff presentation on Washington State Ferries’ capital needs, current fleet status, and long-range funding outlook. Staff described the current service pattern, ridership recovery since the pandemic, the aging fleet, and the state’s plan to add three new hybrid-electric Olympic-class vessels under the 2025 budget, with delivery expected around 2030-2032. Members also heard that the fleet is operating with no reserve vessel, that preservation time is below the desired level, and that terminal electrification and vessel conversion plans face timing, cost, and procurement risks. Questions focused on ridership trends, biofuel supply, design-risk allocation in vessel contracts, sequencing of terminal electrification with new vessel delivery, and the cost and feasibility of restoring international Sidney service, which would require a SOLAS-certified vessel.
Staff then outlined ferry capital funding, saying recent spending and programmed needs are far above regular ferry-specific revenues and that the system relies on a mix of dedicated accounts, transportation package money, federal grants, and transfers. They said the near-term budget is balanced through 2027-29, but the longer-term capital outlook shows a shortfall of roughly $250 million to $300 million per biennium, with broader unmet needs much higher. The presentation estimated costs for future vessels, life extensions, terminal electrification, and additional Jumbo Mark II conversions, and noted that the current enacted plan does not fully fund fleet replacement, full electrification, or life extension of older vessels. Members asked for follow-up information on terminal seismic/environmental issues, contract options for additional vessels, and the timing and cost of alternative vessel designs.
The committee then shifted to WSDOT maintenance and preservation. Pascoe Focktich described maintenance operations, including winter response, guardrail repair, facilities, equipment, and the effects of underfunding and inflation. He said most of the maintenance budget is fixed cost and labor, that material prices have risen sharply, and that many facilities are in poor condition with asbestos issues and deferred upkeep. He also noted growing guardrail damage, increasing pavement claims, and the burden of maintaining aging bridges and facilities. Members asked about prior planning for these needs, the role of asbestos, and whether more proactive sequencing could help budget decisions.
Troy Suing then presented the highway preservation program, saying WSDOT is in the early stages of critical failure and has stretched preservation dollars as far as possible. He explained the distinction between pavement, bridge, and other highway asset preservation, said the department is largely reactive, and estimated that delaying work can make it three to five times more expensive later. He said about 40% of roadways are currently due or overdue for preservation, bridge conditions are nearing the federal poor-bridge threshold, and the department’s 10-year preservation need is about $8 billion. Members asked about the cost of deferring work, whether the department could do more if funded, how priorities are set, and whether other states face similar problems.
Finally, Evan Grimm and Mike Fay briefed the committee on bridge strikes by overheight vehicles. They described recent incidents on I-90 near Cle Elum and SR 410 near White River, the damage and closures caused, and possible countermeasures such as public outreach, improved trip-planning tools, and a pilot warning system with sensors and flashing beacons. Fay explained the state’s financial recovery process for third-party damage, saying WSDOT recovers roughly $20 million per biennium and about 78% to 80% of billed damages, with money going to the motor vehicle fund. Members asked about prevention, insurance recovery, and whether the state uses claim data to inform future design or safety changes.
WA
Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session
Senate Floor Debate — April 26 Apr 26th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- either by design or by accident, it only affects Either by design or by accident, it only affects one electric
- We're going to incentivize the purchase of electric vehicles, and, Our error, we're going to incentivize
- the purchase of electric vehicles and make a great difference in our environment.
- It would be better if we were both being reasonable and equitable and treated every electric vehicle
- sure they are being used to incentivize an even playing field among auto manufacturers across our nation
Summary:
The Senate opened with a moment of silence for Senator Chris Gildon and his family after the death of his wife, Autumn. It then took up several bills on final passage, beginning with Substitute House Bill 2020, which establishes a 3.1% B&O tax rate for payment card processing activities and allows a deduction for certain related fees. Supporters said it resolves a long-running dispute with the Department of Revenue; it passed 47-0.
The chamber also passed House Bill 2039, delaying the child support pass-through expansion from 2026 to 2029, and House Bill 2040, delaying the elimination of recoveries from the Aged, Blind, and Disabled Assistance Program from October 2025 to October 2028. Supporters framed both as timing changes, while opponents argued they would postpone benefits for families and vulnerable people. Both bills passed 25-22.
Substitute House Bill 2051, dealing with payment to acute care hospitals for difficult-to-discharge patients, passed 27-20 after several proposed amendments were withdrawn. Supporters said the bill helps hospitals care for patients who have nowhere else to go, while opponents argued the state should not delay payment support for these patients. The Senate also passed In Gross Substitute House Bill 2061, imposing a 10% concession fee on duty-free sales to fund tourism promotion and sustainable aviation fuel, over objections that it was a tax increase passed on to consumers.
Finally, Substitute House Bill 2077, which taxes certain business activities related to zero-emission vehicle credits, passed 28-19 after an amendment to remove or narrow parts of the tax was rejected. Supporters said the measure would encourage spending of credits and support clean transportation goals, while opponents called it a targeted tax on Tesla and warned it could raise EV prices. The Senate then concurred in amended Engrossed Substitute House Bill 1293, a litter and plastic bag measure that increases litter penalties and keeps the planned bag-thickness increase from taking effect, and passed it 27-20. The Senate adjourned until April 27, 2025.
MN
Minnesota 2025 1st Special Session
Committee on Agriculture, Veterans, Broadband and Rural Development - 04/21/25
Agriculture, Veterans, Broadband, and Rural Development
Transcript Highlights:
- National contaminated soil and water.
- leaders, if you will, on the national leaders, if you will, on the national front.<00:51:24.559>
- National Ottabbon Society's work has National Ottabbon Society's work has historically<01:10:10.880><
- $450 billion nationally in 2021. $450 billion nationally in 2021.
- me that um a lot of our peer nations me that um a lot of our peer nations around<01:53:49.679>
KY
Kentucky 2025 Regular Session
Budget Review Subcommittee on General Government, Finance, Personnel & Public Retirement (11-5-25)
Transcript Highlights:
- Electric utilities.
- <00:08:32.240>
Electric hand. Um never visited there. Electric hand. - <00:10:57.839>
Um nation that has this quality of data. - Um nation that has this quality of data.
- I seeing out there uh across the nation.
Summary:
The committee first approved minutes from prior meetings after a motion and second, then heard a presentation from Kent Annis and Boyd Sheerer of the Kentucky Division of Geographic Information on the state’s “KY from Above” aerial imagery and elevation program. The presenters described the program’s goals of creating openly accessible statewide imagery and elevation basemaps, reducing duplicative local and state spending, and supporting uses such as transportation, emergency response, utilities, broadband planning, property taxation, economic development, and education. They said the data is owned by the Commonwealth, distributed in the public domain, and has strong return on investment, with statewide ortho imagery coverage completed in 2022 and elevation phases completed or underway in multiple stages.
The witnesses emphasized that the program relies on cost-sharing among state, local, and federal partners and that a small state “seed” appropriation is needed to leverage larger federal contributions. They said about $300,000 a year in seed money could help secure additional federal funds, while a three-year imagery refresh cycle would cost about $5.7 million annually and storage/processing about $150,000 a year. They also noted that no subscription fee is charged for access, opposed charging for use of the data even by for-profit users, and said the program is intended as an economic development tool that avoids multiple entities paying for the same geography.
Members asked about the funding request, the potential federal match, and whether the state should charge private companies for access. The witnesses explained that the requested amount was for aerial photography and LAR seed money, that federal funds would not cover aerial photography directly, and that the program already uses a cost-share model with 28 partners rather than subscriptions. They also clarified that imagery is refreshed every three years and elevation data on a longer cycle, with elevation prioritized because it supports accuracy for roads, water lines, and broadband planning. The presentation concluded with no formal vote on the program itself; after questions ended, the chair thanked the witnesses and adjourned the meeting.
AZ
Arizona 2026 Regular Session
06/10/2026 - Joint Appropriations
Transcript Highlights:
- For the record, my name is Chad Heinrich, representing the National Federation of Independent Business
- been a permanent agency of the state government since the time that the Beatles were touring the nation
- bill reduces specified amounts, including removing the FY 2025 $5 million appropriation to ADOT for electric
- It conforms the Arizona state statutes to the Internal Revenue Code retroactive to tax year 2025 to reflect
- They're worried about their electricity rates going up.
Summary:
The joint House and Senate Appropriations committees met to hear the FY 2027 budget package, beginning with the General Appropriations Act (HB 4154/SB 1847). Staff outlined the overall budget, including one-time fund transfers, lump-sum reductions, funding for state employee health insurance, school facilities, corrections, flood and wildfire relief, education and child care, and other ongoing and supplemental items. Members briefly discussed the absence of a requested $1.5 million for the oversight office, but the chair said no amendments would be taken in committee and that only limited technical changes were likely later in the process.
Public testimony on the feed bill was largely supportive but focused on specific funding concerns. Testimony highlighted school safety funding, Alzheimer’s services, small business tax expensing provisions, disability oversight for group homes, county use of opioid settlement dollars, adult education/community college funding, victim notification funding, and ESA oversight. Several speakers praised the budget for funding DDD and other services, while others opposed or sought changes to items such as the COMIT group home monitoring program, Maricopa Community Colleges’ lack of operating aid, and a possible cut to the victim notification program. The chair repeatedly emphasized that changes to the negotiated budget would be difficult and should be routed through leadership.
The committee then moved quickly through the remaining budget reconciliation bills. Staff summarized bills covering amusement and wagering, capital outlay, commerce, criminal justice, environment, health care, higher education, human services, and K-12 education. Notable provisions included continued wagering assessments, highway and building renewal funding, defense innovation and economic development changes, corrections and wrongful conviction provisions, groundwater and water banking measures, health insurance oversight and opioid settlement provisions, higher education funding and ABOR operating caps, SNAP and housing trust fund changes, and a 2% inflation increase for K-12 formula components. The K-12 bill also included a biometric school safety pilot and a child sexual abuse prevention pilot. No votes were taken in the portion provided, and the chair indicated the committee would continue through the remaining bills.
AZ
Transcript Highlights:
- Chairman, nationally, four companies are responsible for 47% of all... ...are responsible for 47% of
- If you could stay—oh, if you have to go to state code meetings, I understand.
- Chairman, members, House Bill 2389 allows a utility to replace an existing electrical generating plant
- Representative Myron-Sosci, Legislative District 6, serving seven counties and eight of 22 Tribal Nations
- Some of you might know that around Navajo Nation alone, there are over 500 abandoned uranium mines, and
Bills:
HB2211, HB2229, HB2389, HB2403, HB2445, HB2502, HB2620, HB2813, HB2872, HB2889, HB2960, HB4028, HCR2007
Keywords:
contractors, subcontractors, resident preference, public contracts, materials supply, Arizona Revised Statutes, local businesses, pregnancy resource center, pregnancy center, crisis pregnancy center, DHS, Arizona Department of Health Services, state appropriation, general fund, nonprofit grant, women's health, maternal health, reproductive health, abortion funding, pro-life
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
Environment Committee Meeting - 2025-03-27
Environment and Natural Resources Finance and Policy
Transcript Highlights:
- The Commissioner mentioned that this work is of interest across the nation and across the state.
- We just need to work out the details with the building owners and ensure we can get the electricity drop
- There are various opportunities that depend also on our resources around green electricity and clean
- electricity, and using that in the most effective way.
- The group that we pulled together included representatives from Red Lake Nation, COPAL, the Regional
Keywords:
HF1587, Cass County, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, DNR, condemnation, eminent domain, state land, surplus land, public waters, tribal land transfer, federally recognized Indian Tribe, tribal ownership, land conveyance, no consideration, land appropriation, natural resources, U.S. Highway 2, Section 27 Township 145 North Range 28 West, land return, Tribal sovereignty
MA
Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session
Joint Committee on State Administration and Regulatory Oversight Jun 21st, 2026 at 10:30 am
Joint Committee on State Administration and Regulatory Oversight
Transcript Highlights:
- It is a sacred place for our nation.
- This has been endorsed by the National Association of Counties, the National Black Caucus of State Legislators
- , the National Hispanic Caucus of State Legislators, the National Asian-Pacific American Caucus, the
- This has been endorsed by the National Association of Counties, the National Black Caucus of State Legislators
- , the National Hispanic Caucus of State Legislators, the National Asia-Pacific American Caucus, the Council
Summary:
The committee first heard testimony on a proposed Massachusetts baby bonds program, including H. 3429, S. 2146, and the Treasurer’s related bill H. 48. Treasurer Goldberg and a broad coalition of advocates, researchers, health professionals, and people with lived experience said the program would create trust accounts for children born into low-income families or in DCF custody, with funds available at age 18 for education, homeownership, business startup, or other long-term asset-building uses. Supporters argued the program would help close the racial wealth gap, improve economic mobility, and not affect eligibility for financial aid or public benefits. Committee members asked about administration, investment returns, eligibility, and withdrawal rules; the Treasurer said the accounts would be held in trust and managed by her office with an advisory board, with funds accessible at 18 and usable through age 35 if the beneficiary remains a Massachusetts resident. No vote was taken during the testimony shown.
The committee also heard testimony on legislation establishing Lobular Breast Cancer Awareness Day, including S. 2666 and H. 4625. Senator Ross, Representative Badger, physicians, survivors, and advocates described invasive lobular carcinoma as difficult to detect because it often grows in lines rather than forming a lump, can be missed on mammography, and is underfunded and underrepresented in research and clinical trials. Witnesses said the bill would codify an annual October 15 proclamation to raise awareness, improve diagnosis, and encourage more targeted research and treatment. Committee members asked why the disease is so hard to detect, and medical witnesses explained the imaging challenges and the lack of lobular-specific protocols. The witnesses urged favorable reports.
The committee then took testimony on H. 4648, a bill concerning the purchase or lease of Fenn Farm in Stockbridge by the Stockbridge-Munsee community. Representative Davis, the Stockbridge Land Trust president, and the tribal president testified that the bill would remove a conservation restriction tied to a state MVP grant so the tribe could manage the land without a restriction that they said would conflict with tribal sovereignty and Indigenous stewardship practices. They said the parcel is a sacred site connected to Monument Mountain and that the restriction is unnecessary because the land is already surrounded by conserved property. The witnesses asked for favorable action on the bill.
Finally, the committee heard testimony on H. 3416, a resolution urging Congress to create a national infrastructure bank. Representative Senna and several advocates argued that an off-budget infrastructure bank could finance major repairs and upgrades to roads, bridges, rail, water systems, broadband, and housing without adding to the state budget, while creating jobs and supporting economic growth. Witnesses cited historical precedents for national infrastructure banks and said Massachusetts could benefit substantially from such a program. The transcript shown does not include a committee vote or final action on the resolution.
US
US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session
Business meeting to consider the nomination of Sean Duffy, of Wisconsin, to be Secretary of Transportation. Jan 22nd, 2025
Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- On the roads, President **Trump** has moved to stop up costly and unpopular electric vehicle mandates
- many reasons why the Secretary of Transportation is important not just to our committee but to the nation
- had the opportunity to talk about many things that are important not just to my state but to the nation
- I want to say I do remain concerned about **Project 2025**. in this administration's war against electric
AZ
Transcript Highlights:
- allegiance to the flag of the United States of America, and to the republic for which it stands, one nation
- on Public Safety, having had under consideration SB 1058 relating to firearm transactions merchant codes
- The sponsor will say it's about billing codes, but I don't believe it.
- And it's interesting to note that in 2025, the Republican National Committee and the Arizona Republican
- It will delay essential services and abandon the compassion that defines our nation.
NH
New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session
JLCAR Administrative Rules (05/15/2026)
Transcript Highlights:
- The authority for the rule before you is listed as the federal code and RSA 151:9.
- The authority for the rule before you is listed as the federal code and RSA 151:9.
- The authority for the rule before you is listed as the federal code and RSA 151:9.
- The authority for the rule before you is listed as the federal code and RSA 151:9.
- The authority for the rule before you is listed as the federal code and RSA 151:9.
Summary:
The committee first approved the minutes and consent calendar, then moved through several Department of Health and Human Services Medicaid-related rules. Rule 25-220 from the Department of Energy was postponed until June so stakeholders would have more time to review revised language. Rule 25-240, involving Medicaid income verification and deductible provisions for medically needy applicants, was adopted after staff noted the cited sections had expired but the agency said it had continued operating under federal law and the state plan; the agency also said it had begun rulemaking on the cited provision. Rules 25-265 and 2633 were also adopted, with staff explaining that although parts of the rules had expired, the agency had continued implementing the policies through the Medicaid state plan, billing manuals, and related rules.
The most extended discussion centered on rule 25-304 from the Bureau of Aging and Adult Services, which covers case management services for the CFI program. Staff and the agency explained that the amended conditional approval request clarified how case management agencies indicate staffing capacity, how telehealth decisions are evaluated, and that the department—not the case management agencies—sets the timeline for accepting or denying cases. The agency said the rule is intended to ensure participants are not pushed into telehealth when they do not want it or cannot use it, while leaving technical and clinical telehealth decisions to the provider.
A case management provider testified in opposition to parts of the rule, arguing that the committee should not require agencies to admit unverified patients, that reimbursement-rate issues belong in legislation, that the quality-management section duplicates existing licensure oversight, and that the telehealth language improperly gives case managers authority over how other licensed providers deliver services. Committee members questioned whether the telehealth language was simply allowing case managers to determine whether telehealth fits a person’s care plan, and agency representatives responded that this was the intent. No final vote on rule 25-304 is shown in the transcript excerpt.
US
US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session
US House Floor Proceedings (Thursday, December 18, 2025)
US Federal House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- The electricity we will need to power AI computing for civilian and military use is a national imperative
- Permitting should serve our national interest, not obstruct our national interest.
- That's a national defense issue.
- That's a national defense insecurity. That's a national defense issue. issue. issue.
- security, and national security. Mr. Mr. security, and national security. Mr. Mr.
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Budget Subcommittee No. 1 on Health May 19th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- We know that health care costs are rising across the nation. They've risen here in California.
- I'll now move on to the next item, which is limited public contract code exemption authority.
- Danny Offer with the National Alliance on Mental Illness, also known as NAMI California.
- Michelle Johnston, Director of Advocacy and Policy with the National Multiple Sclerosis Society.
- Good evening, Michelle Johnston with the National Multiple Sclerosis Society.