Video & Transcript Research : 'state ethics code'

Page 204 of 500
AL

Alabama 2026 Regular Session

Alabama Senate Transportation and Energy Committee Mar 11th, 2026

Transportation and Energy

Transcript Highlights:
  • I did not know this until working with Aaliyah, but, you know, we see state troopers out there a lot
  • State troopers are out there a lot of times.
  • are so supportive throughout the state are so supportive of<00:14:00.959> this.
  • We've got places around the state, and I think of it from a private property perspective.
  • We've got places around the state, and I think of it from a private property perspective.
Bills: SB341, SB340
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

03/04/2026 - House Ways & Means

Ways & Means

Transcript Highlights:
  • Your subsidy through the state general fund, through state aid to schools, is what makes this whole deal
  • general fund through state go your subsidy through the state general fund through state aid to schools
  • Property tax in Mesa, but we are using state aid to backfill the K-tog in the state for the deals that
  • The state received...
  • So the state does receive revenue as a result of these. in state additional aid so the state does receive
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Education Policy Committee 2/25/26

Education Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • share what we've learned about the state share what we've learned about the state of<00:21:45.520
  • So, states in terms of safe storage.
  • <00:48:06.160> are heard, principles across the state are heard, principles across the state
  • that same framework to Minnesota State that same framework to Minnesota State High<00:53:39.200>
  • not unique across the United States. not unique across the United States. their<01:43:02.320>
Bills: HF3409, HF3487, HF3401
NM

New Mexico 2026 Regular Session

Senate - Health and Public Affairs Feb 13th, 2026 at 04:01 pm

Senate Health & Public Affairs

Transcript Highlights:
  • Thank you for participating state. Why are we putting it in?
  • They feel like in all the other states? I want to add mine.
  • I think each state gets the same number.
  • Among those is addressing the overdose crisis in our state.
  • Madam Chair, Senator Block, I haven't looked at the rates for comparison for state by state, but I can
Bills: HB10, HB12, HB34, SB130, SM21
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

02/09/2026 - House Health & Human Services

Health & Human Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • to be overseen by a physician in the United States.
  • I'm just not even talking about other states.
  • Please. to come to the United States or even make more physicians here in the United States for us to
  • Lastly, this will increase costs to the state.
  • The insurance code that's discriminatory per the medical code is appropriate.
OK

Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session

Children, Youth and Family Services REVISED: Links added Feb 4th, 2026 at 03:00 pm

Children, Youth and Family Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • As currently worded in state statute, it would not be in Compliance with federal law.
  • Other states that are considering this have done a hard and fast line.
  • Could you kind of address that there are other states that have done this?
  • Pregnant mothers, we have so many vulnerable people in our state today.
  • I will just say I'm really tired of being in a state where we are asking our state agencies to provide
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

AEN-HHS, AEN DEFER Public Hearings 02-02-2026

Agriculture and Environment

Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:20:19.039> and 15214 and it does include the state and 15214 and it does include the state
  • to this chapter would include the state to this chapter would include the state of<00:20:53.280>
  • to the state or the county, right?
  • the damage that's occurring to the state the damage that's occurring to the state or<00:32:04.960
  • becomes um if it whether it be state becomes um if it whether it be state lands<00:47:09.280>
Summary: The joint Senate Agriculture and Environment and Health and Human Services hearing opened with SB 2093, which would require the fuel tank advisory committee to meet at least quarterly and provide funding. The Department of Health offered written testimony, and multiple supporters, including the Honolulu Board of Water Supply, Sierra Club, and a public member of the advisory committee, said more frequent meetings were needed to keep Red Hill cleanup, water testing, and public engagement front and center. Senators asked about public participation and whether the bill should also require meetings outside business hours; testifiers urged at least one evening or weekend meeting to improve access. No vote was taken during the discussion shown. The committee then heard SB 2095, creating a PFAS working group within the Department of Health to study PFAS and related chemicals and report to the Legislature. DOH supported the concept but requested amendments and funding, while the Department of Agriculture and Biosecurity deferred to DOH. The Board of Water Supply supported the measure and asked to be included in the working group. Members asked about the bill’s reference to “other residuals,” and DOH explained it could refer to remaining PFAS components in soil, water, or other media. The discussion emphasized the widespread and long-lasting nature of PFAS contamination. Next, the committee considered SB 2046 on underground storage tanks and Red Hill-related cleanup. DOH and the Board of Water Supply testified, and a long list of community and environmental groups supported the bill. Testifiers argued the Navy caused the problem and should be held accountable for cleanup, while one witness said the bill was necessary because the Navy had delayed meaningful remediation. Senators asked whether the bill’s “large landowner” language could include the state or counties under existing statutes; DOH said it would check and later explained that cleanup responsibility generally falls first on the responsible party, then on large landowners if no responsible party exists, with the Navy currently understood to own Red Hill. The hearing then moved to SB 2096 on wastewater management, which the Department of Land and Natural Resources supported, noting PFAS can harm marine resources, and DOH’s wastewater branch offered comments. SB 2127 on water pollution drew support from Agra Business Development Corporation and opposition from the Hawaii Cattlemen’s Council, Hawaii Farm Bureau, and others. The main debate centered on runoff, NPDES permitting, and whether the bill could unfairly affect agricultural and public entities; senators and witnesses discussed how heavy rainfall, cesspools, and mixed land uses complicate responsibility and compliance. The transcript ends with the committee still in discussion on SB 2127, with no final votes or actions shown in the excerpt.
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

01/29/2026 - House Rural Economic Development

Rural Economic Development

Transcript Highlights:
  • Madam Chair, members, House Bill 2065 appropriates the sum of $9,500,000 from the State General Fund
  • Appropriates the sum of $9,500,000 from the State General Fund in fiscal year 2027 to the State Treasurer
  • Madam Chair, members, House Bill 2071 appropriates the sum of $15,500,000 from the State General Fund
  • And then up to federal, state, and then the federal government.
  • But I think... ...does and how much goes to Apache Junction before following up on the state side.
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Appropriations Committee on Pre-K - 12 Education Jan 28th, 2026

Appropriations Committee on Pre-K - 12 Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • If you don't mind stating your name for the record? Kivella. Perfect. Keyvella. Thank you.
  • I'm thankful for my state senator to bring forward this great bill.
  • I have great confidence in our teachers in the state of Florida.
  • And so there are a lot of classrooms in the state of Florida now.
  • Our state should be spending money on our students. Agreed. Thank you.
Bills: S0124, S0206, S0420
Summary: The committee first heard SB 124, which updates Florida Virtual School’s statute to remove outdated language and clarify its service, funding, governance, reporting, and district coordination provisions without changing day-to-day operations. Florida Virtual School testified in support, members praised the bill, and it passed unanimously on a roll call vote. The committee then took up CS for SB 206 on students with autism spectrum disorder. Senator Harrell explained that the bill would require autism and neurodevelopmental training in educator preparation programs, require ESE-certified teachers to complete an autism microcredential, create an Autism Educator Loan Forgiveness Program, provide salary supplements for teachers with the autism endorsement, and require district professional development to include autism-specific training with local CARD centers. A large number of speakers—teachers, parents, students, and advocacy groups—supported the bill while urging that implementation be fully funded, high quality, and not become an unfunded mandate. Several members spoke in favor, emphasizing the growing number of students with autism and the need to recruit and retain special education teachers. The bill was reported favorably by committee vote. Finally, the committee considered SB 420 on patriotic displays in classrooms. Chair Burgess explained the bill as a way to place portraits of George Washington and Abraham Lincoln in schools to encourage civic and patriotic reflection, and he offered an amendment narrowing the requirement from every classroom to one prominent display in each school and adding language making it subject to state appropriation. The amendment was adopted. Testimony on the bill was mixed: some speakers supported the idea as a spark for civic discussion, while many others opposed it as symbolic, unnecessary, or better addressed through curriculum and teacher training rather than mandated displays. In debate, some senators argued the portraits could prompt broader historical conversations, while others raised concerns about representation, classroom autonomy, and funding. The transcript ends during debate on the amended bill, before a final vote is shown.
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Regulated Industries Jan 27th, 2026

Regulated Industries

Transcript Highlights:
  • All right, we will go to Tab 1, SB 530 on state lotteries by Senator Simon.
  • This bill is on state lotteries, revising the powers and duties of the Department of Lottery, revising
  • Here's what's shocking: In 2023, 97 children fatally drowned in our state.
  • In 2020, ...97 children fatally drowned in our state. In 2024, 105 children drowned.
  • That is 19 families who were shattered by devastating loss in our state.
Summary: The Committee on Regulated Industries considered and reported several bills. SB 530 on state lotteries was presented with two technical amendments adopted, including changes to lottery department contracting language and machine-purchase flexibility; the committee then reported the bill favorably. SB 204, which increases penalties for illegal slot machine operations to a third-degree felony and creates a declaratory-statement process for veteran service organizations to confirm machine legality, drew support from gaming interests and some soft opposition from a veterans group concerned about implementation; it was also reported favorably. The committee then took up a proposed committee substitute combining SB 658 and SB 608 on water safety requirements for rental and vacation properties. The combined bill would require certain rental properties near water bodies or with pools to install specified alarms, locks, fences, covers, or similar safety devices, with enforcement through DBPR and a grace period for correcting some violations. Senators emphasized the bill as a response to child drowning deaths, including those involving autistic children, and the PCS was reported favorably. SB 980, as a delete-everything amendment, would create the Florida Agegate Act to restrict advertising, promotion, and display of non-FDA-approved nicotine devices in areas accessible to those under 21, with penalties and inspection authority; after questions about counterfeit products and enforcement, it was reported favorably. The committee also approved SB 1708, which removes a three-year out-of-state practice requirement for veterinary licensure by endorsement while keeping other competency requirements, and SB 680, as amended, which creates a sales tax exemption for electricity sold to EV charging station operators and transferred to consumers, subject to metering and affidavit requirements. Several members recorded votes after the roll calls, and the meeting ended with an invitation to return later for another bill before adjournment.
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Committee on Public Safety and Homeland Security Jun 21st, 2026 at 01:00 pm

Joint Committee on Public Safety and Homeland Security

Transcript Highlights:
  • I have 18 years combined in the state prison system.
  • Family members drive hours across the state.
  • So having oversight is something that this state should really consider because other states are already
  • mental state of our people trying to habilitate?
  • Repealing pay-to-state fees would not create a budget gap. It would close an ethical one.
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The hearing before the Joint Committee on Public Safety and Homeland Security focused on several correction-related bills, including visitation reform, elder and medical parole, incarcerated persons’ human rights, and creation of an independent correctional oversight office. Vice Chair Christopher Worrell chaired the hearing in place of Chair Dan Cahill for much of the session and explained that the committee would first hear from incarcerated individuals remotely, then move to public testimony. The committee repeatedly enforced three-minute limits and accepted written testimony as well. Much of the testimony from incarcerated people emphasized that visitation is central to rehabilitation, family stability, and reentry, and that current DOC policies—visitor caps, pre-approval requirements, scheduling rules, dress-code enforcement, and restrictions on contact—have reduced family contact and caused harm. Several speakers argued that elderly and medically frail prisoners should be released through parole because incarceration is costly, ineffective, and inhumane for people who pose little public-safety risk. Others described poor prison conditions, limited programming, inadequate healthcare, segregation-like housing, and the impact of K2 use, suicides, and self-harm. Supporters of the oversight bill said an independent office is needed to address racial disparities, grievance failures, and lack of accountability within the DOC. A number of speakers tied their support to personal experiences, including alleged racial discrimination, denial of programs, and barriers to family visits. Some testified that rehabilitative programming, education, and restorative justice reduce violence and improve outcomes, while others said the DOC spends too little on programming and too much on punishment. Committee members asked a few follow-up questions, including about K2 contraband and how to reduce drugs in facilities, and one member asked about typical visitation lengths. No votes were taken during the hearing; the committee heard testimony on the bills and several witnesses urged favorable reports.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Floor Session May 4th, 2026

California House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Our state would not be what it is today.
  • auditor and inspectors general within the state have.
  • The Golden State.
  • The suspects were charged under Penal Code 236.1.
  • The suspects were charged under Penal Code 2236.1.
Keywords: 988, house, all
FL

Florida 2025 Regular Session

December 10, 2025 - 03:30 PM

Transcript Highlights:
  • what's happening in the state.
  • to be able to support other states in doing so.
  • This was a line to the state standards.
  • But but I think that's where we're a state needs to.
  • I've had many conversations with many counties, even states throughout the United States.
NY

New York 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Standing Committee on Education - 05/05/2026

Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • I’m State Senator Shelley Mayer.
  • New York State adopted a state constitutional amendment that protects transgender people as part of the
  • constitutional provisions that we, as a state, ...
  • When do we in New York State ever do anything without studying it first?
  • We can see that the terrain throughout our state is incredibly different.
Keywords: 993, senate, all
Summary: The Senate Education Committee met on May 5, 2026, and considered a series of bills, several of them brought up through motions for committee consideration. Chair Shelley Mayer said she would allow brief remarks but stated her opposition to those motioned bills, emphasizing her general practice of giving minority members’ bills consideration. The committee first took up S-16 (Jacob’s Law, on bullying and related school safety issues), which was moved out of committee on a majority vote, with Senators Jackson and Bynoe recorded without recommendation. The committee then debated S-717, a local bill by Senator Rose to exempt the Wantagh Union Free School District from the state’s indigenous mascots/logos restrictions. Senator Rose argued Wantagh’s mascot and name are tied to local history and not intended to denigrate anyone. The bill was moved, but the committee vote was not favorable enough to advance it, and it was referred onward to the Investigations Committee. S-4496, Senator White’s bill to protect women’s sports from what supporters described as unfair competition by biological males, drew strong support from the sponsor and strong opposition from Chair Mayer, who said she opposed it as mean-spirited and unnecessary; the bill did not advance. The committee also considered several school bus and transportation bills. S-4748, by Senator Borrello, would repeal the electric school bus mandate and replace it with a feasibility study; he cited safety, cost, and operational problems with early adopters. S-8847, by Senator White, similarly sought to remove electric bus mandates and leave decisions to local districts, and S-9667, by Senator Ryan, would delay the zero-emission school bus mandate by five years. The committee advanced some of these measures to other committees or the floor, while others did not move. In addition, the committee approved S-7788 on special education reserve funds, S-8288A on reasonable rates for public school room use, S-8368 on records retention for Education Department proceedings, S-8370 on temporary resident placement of children with disabilities, S-8370 on release of student records to juvenile detention facilities, and S-1049 on updating the Dignity for All Students Act’s cyberbullying definition to include AI-related harassment.
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Committee on Financial Services Jun 21st, 2026 at 01:00 pm

Joint Committee on Financial Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • State Representative Tram Nguyen. Thank you, Rep. Nguyen.
  • State Representative William MacGregor is on. State Representative Simon Cataldo.
  • There are some other states that have this protection.
  • That's the most notable state.
  • Importantly, other states have already acted.
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The Joint Committee on Financial Services held a fully virtual public hearing after a blizzard and state emergency closed the State House and created travel and cleanup concerns. Chairs Senator Paul Feeney and Representative James Murphy opened by thanking first responders and committee staff for making the hearing possible and noted that several members attended remotely. The committee heard testimony on three bills: H.5112, An Act Prohibiting Genetic Discrimination; H.4914, An Act Relative to the Massachusetts Uniform Commercial Code; and S.2921, An Act Relative to Travel Insurance. Most of the testimony focused on H.5112. Representative Dave Rogers and his constituent Robin Biggs testified in support of H.5112, describing gaps in federal genetic nondiscrimination law that do not cover life, long-term care, or disability insurance. Biggs shared her experience as a BRCA2 mutation carrier and said genetic knowledge helped her take preventive steps, but that people fear testing because insurers may use results against them. Lindsay Jack of the ALS Association and Lisa Schlager of FORCE also supported the bill, arguing that it would encourage preventive care, research participation, and fairer underwriting without harming insurance markets. They said insurers could still use medical history and diagnoses, but not genetic test results alone. Committee members asked questions about whether insurers currently request genetic testing and how such information is used in underwriting. Testifiers said the information is routinely asked for or found in medical records, but the bill would prohibit its use in coverage decisions and would prevent insurers from requiring testing. No votes were taken. After testimony concluded and no additional witnesses came forward, the chairs closed the hearing and adjourned the meeting by unanimous voice vote.
ND
Transcript Highlights:
  • and it also protects state and local governments.
  • So we get phone calls from lawyers all around the state and state government and local governments every
  • Do on the state district court attorney staff and state attorneys, but within state agencies, would there
  • We're at about 5,659 e-tabs in the state of North Dakota. 1,159 e-tabs in the state of North Dakota.
  • Those are our political subdivisions within the state, our chiefs and sheriff's departments, our state
Summary: The committee met to review the Attorney General’s budget and related agency operations, beginning with Legislative Council staff walking members through compliance reports and a blue-sheet base budget document. Staff highlighted current-biennium items such as FTE changes, one-time appropriations, litigation funding, opioid settlement receipts, continuing appropriations, and major special and federal funds. Members asked for clarification on items including the Missing Indigenous People Grant Fund, the Internet Crimes Investigation Fund, and the Medicaid Fraud Control Unit grant funding. Assistant Attorney General Clare Ness then gave an overview of the office’s structure, staffing, and budget pressures. She emphasized the office’s broad statutory duties, the value of its legal services to state and local government, and concerns about attorney pay lagging behind other agencies. Members discussed whether attorney compensation should be benchmarked more consistently across state government and whether some legal work could be consolidated within the AG’s office. Ness also addressed questions about AG opinion turnaround times, boards-and-commissions training, the new-and-vacant FTE pool, operating expense cuts, office leases, and the state’s criminal justice information systems. The crime lab presentation drew significant attention. Director Jennifer Penner described severe space, safety, and infrastructure problems at the current lab, including cramped work areas, glycol leaks, outdated fire and burglar alarms, air-handling limits, and equipment failures that have delayed toxicology work. She said the 2024 study projected a much larger facility would be needed and that the preferred location would be near the current health department site, but in a new building. Members asked about possible evidence risks, backlog status, and whether the proposed building would solve the current problems; Penner said it would and noted backlogs have improved overall, though some delays remain. The committee also heard from the new Medicaid Fraud Control Unit director, who described the unit’s civil and criminal work, federal-state funding split, and examples of fraud such as billing for services not provided or upcoding. The gaming division reported continued growth in charitable gaming and e-tabs, with members expressing concern about large trust-account balances, site competition, and possible misuse of proceeds. Finally, BCI outlined its caseload, cybercrime work, missing Indigenous persons task force, and the surge in CSAM cyber tips; members asked about AI-generated CSAM, and the AG’s office noted that last session’s law increased penalties and expressly allowed AI-generated CSAM to be prosecuted like other CSAM. No formal votes or actions were taken beyond approval of the minutes.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • That apparently the comptroller of the state of Texas Forces upon state agencies.
  • Of Texas, uh, State Office of Administrative Hearings, state courts, and the Electric Reliability Council
  • In the state of Texas, so in the state of Texas, we have a very competitive market.
  • state with the exception of our.
  • states.
WA

Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Law & Justice Jun 4th, 2025

Transcript Highlights:
  • to other states.
  • compare to other states.
  • Many other states do.
  • have a state probation.
  • In other states, it's the parole board. In other states, it's informed by statute.
Summary: The committee held a work session on tort liability and parole, with the chair explaining that the topics were linked because criminal justice reform and state liability often intersect, especially in cases involving child welfare and corrections. Staff first outlined Washington’s tort liability framework, including the state’s broad waiver of sovereign immunity, statutes governing mandatory reporting and investigation of abuse, the childhood sexual abuse statute of limitations, and the lack of caps on non-economic damages. Staff and presenters also compared Washington to other states and noted that Washington remains among the broadest states for state liability and childhood sexual abuse claims. Presenters from the Attorney General’s office, Washington State Association for Justice, DCYF, DSHS, and DOC discussed how tort exposure has grown, especially in claims involving DCYF, historical child abuse, juvenile rehabilitation, vulnerable adults, employment discrimination, medical negligence, and negligent supervision. DCYF and AG staff said claims and payouts are rising, with many claims tied to older abuse and new theories of liability, while defense counsel emphasized the human harm behind the claims and argued that tort cases have historically driven accountability and reform. Agency witnesses said they face large volumes of old claims with limited records, rising verdicts and settlements, and staffing and systems challenges, and they highlighted efforts such as early resolution programs, electronic health records, medication-assisted treatment, and improved incident review processes. The committee then shifted to parole. Sentencing experts reviewed Washington’s move from indeterminate sentencing to the current determinate sentencing system under the Sentencing Reform Act, and explained how parole could be integrated with sentencing guidelines through different models used in other states. They also summarized Criminal Sentencing Task Force recommendations related to a determinate-plus approach for three-strikes and persistent offender laws and a second-chance review process, noting there was no consensus on those ideas. Judges from the Minority and Justice Commission and the Superior Court Judges Association said a parole system could support rehabilitation and reduce disparities if it includes data collection, fairness, transparency, due process, and meaningful judicial review; they also pointed to research suggesting parole and structured reentry can reduce recidivism and costs, while warning that access and outcomes can vary by geography and other factors.
DE
Transcript Highlights:
  • It simply reduces the state tax burden on income that is already reported as taxed.
  • after all state taxes in Delaware, they have $7,050 with no sales tax.
  • Veterans choose those states over our state, taking their second-career income, spouse wages, property
  • I'm the past state commander of the Delaware Veterans of Foreign Wars, and I'm also the state legislative
  • , I had paid taxes in the state of Delaware going all the way back to 1977.
Summary: The House Revenue and Finance Committee met to consider two tax-related measures sponsored by Representative Holofsky. The first was House Substitute 1 for House Bill 386, the Tipped Worker Tax Relief Act of 2026, which would allow a temporary Delaware income tax deduction of up to $15,000 for qualified tips for tax years 2027 through 2029, with phaseouts at higher incomes and a refundable credit for lower-income workers. Committee discussion focused on whether the bill applied to residents and non-residents, whether credit-card tips were included, the need for an updated substitute, and the expected fiscal impact. The Office of the Comptroller General said the bill would likely reduce general revenue and that the fiscal note had not yet been fully reviewed, while Deputy Secretary Goldsmith said the Department of Finance could administer it and that implementation costs would be modest. After public comment, the committee voted on a motion to release the bill, but it did not receive enough votes, so the chair said she would walk it for additional signatures. The committee then heard Senate Bill 219, which would phase in an increase in the military pension income exemption from $12,500 to $25,000 by tax year 2029. Representative Holofsky argued the measure would help attract and retain military retirees, support the economy, and provide a strong return on investment through spending, taxes, and community participation. Members raised concerns about whether the benefit should be income-based, with one member arguing that higher-income retirees may not need the tax break, while supporters emphasized the multiplier effect and the value of veterans to the state. Public testimony from Veterans of Foreign Wars representatives strongly supported the bill and described how the exemption could influence retirement decisions and local economic activity. A motion to release the bill also failed to get enough votes, and the chair said she would walk it for signatures before adjourning the meeting.
MN

Minnesota 2025 1st Special Session

Committee on Higher Education - 01/30/25

Higher Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • consider the pride we take in our state consider the pride we take in our state and<00:05:17.240
  • understand what happens at the state understand what happens at the state capital<00:26:25.919><
  • While the Minnesota State college system is the most affordable postsecondary option in the state, it
  • <00:41:29.200> budget support of the Minnesota state budget support of the Minnesota state
  • State University campuses.
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
Summary: The committee heard informational testimony from student and advocacy groups focused on higher education affordability and support programs. Representatives of the Minnesota Association of Private College Students urged full funding for the Minnesota State Grant, describing it as essential for low- and moderate-income students and noting prior successes such as increased support for hunger-free campuses. Two student witnesses, including one first-generation college student and one refugee student, said the grant made college possible for them and warned that underfunding or cuts would limit students’ ability to choose the right school, especially at private colleges not covered by North Star Promise. Members asked questions about the students’ schools, majors, and why they chose their institutions. The witnesses emphasized scholarship opportunities, campus community, faith-based support, and the importance of financial aid in making college accessible. No votes or formal actions were taken during this portion of the hearing. The committee then heard from Vivian Dudley of Foster Advocates, who testified in support of the Foster Independence Grant. She described how the grant allowed her to begin college, stabilize housing and basic needs, and continue toward a social work degree, while warning that aging out of eligibility leaves foster youth facing renewed financial barriers. Members responded with supportive comments and asked about her educational path and work with youth; she said she wants to use her education to help others and to educate campuses on better supporting foster students. Finally, Shay Hornik of the University of Minnesota student government testified in support of North Star Promise, arguing that the program reduces financial burdens and signals that higher education should be accessible regardless of family income. Hornik cited student financial stress, rising living costs, and public opinion favoring greater investment in higher education, and urged expansion of North Star Promise to help middle-class families. No committee action was taken in the transcript.