Transcript Highlights:

• I never imagined I could do all these things at the age of 17 being a PSO student.
• I could do all these never imagined I could do all these things<00:40:47.599><c> at</c><00:40:47.760
• Imagine a Minnesota where students, regardless of where they came from or the challenges that they have
• Imagine a Minnesota where students, regardless of where they came from or the challenges that they have
• </c><01:13:28.239><c> across</c> program which as you can imagine across program which as you can imagine

Committee: Senate Higher Education

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Some of them are reusing linens and let imagination take you from there.
• </c><00:16:28.800><c> But</c> let imagination take you from there.
• But let imagination take you from there.
• </c><00:59:28.079><c> that</c> I can't expect I I can't imagine that I can't expect I I can't imagine
• I've worked in every forum you could ever imagine.

Committee: House Executive Departments and Administration

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• So, imagine a 10,000 square foot multifamily dwelling.
• <c> multif</c><01:40:28.560><c> family</c> imagine a 10,000 ft² multif family imagine a 10,000 ft² multif
• Uh, just imagine with a agreement.
• </c> I would imagine. I would imagine.
• Uh, imagine her surprise when insurance.

Committee: House Commerce and Consumer Affairs

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> meet these standards but I can imagine meet these standards but I can imagine there's<00:18:20.400
• And for those who maybe don't know what that means, imagine that you're trying to really shut down a
• I<03:18:36.640><c> can</c><03:18:36.800><c> certainly</c><03:18:37.279><c> imagine</c><03:18:37.680><
• c> a</c><03:18:38.000><c> situation</c> I can certainly imagine a situation I can certainly imagine a
• a deep fake of Abraham Lincoln imagine a deep fake of Abraham Lincoln telling<03:18:47.439><c> you</

Committee: House Executive Departments and Administration

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• If you imagine Ortonville to Mankato, there's a huge elevation drop, but as those rivers get too full
• If you imagine Ortonville to Mankato, there's a huge elevation drop, but as those rivers get too full
• It's hard to imagine the city without it. This is our chance to reimagine St.
• This is our chance to re-imagine St. it. This is our chance to re-imagine St.
• It's hard to imagine Minnesota hockey without this arena in downtown St. Paul.

Bills: HF2080 , HF356 , HF1968 , HF228 , HF569 , HF603 , HF692 , HF1455 , HF2224 , HF1361

Committee: House Capital Investment

Keywords: contamination, water supply, municipal bonds, environmental mitigation, city funding, Sauk Rapids, PFAS contamination, drinking water, pollution control, bond issuance, Cokato, capital investment, school infrastructure, state bonds, HF228, Lakes Area Police Commission, Lindstrom, Chisago City, regional training facility, public safety facility

Transcript Highlights:

• Someone's going to correct me and say I'm completely off base here, but I can only imagine the conflicts
• the the conflicts um I can only imagine the the conflicts um I think<00:42:57.839><c> there</c><00:42
• But, you know, I can't imagine that those scenarios would ever be charged. bills and bills and um<01:
• </c><01:44:55.080><c> that</c><01:44:55.280><c> those</c> know I I can't imagine that those know I I
• can't imagine that those scenarios<01:44:56.119><c> would</c><01:44:56.560><c> ever</c><01:44:56.840>

Committee: Senate Judiciary and Public Safety

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• As you can imagine, families face many challenges when attempting to locate potential staff to provide
• As you can imagine, families face many challenges when attempting to locate potential staff to provide
• I have my parents a mile away, and I can't imagine what would happen if I just happened to live in a
• I can't imagine how many hours you have to work personally and your staff and all that, and people talk
• I can't imagine how many hours you have to work personally and your staff and all that, and people talk

Committee: Senate Human Services

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• I would imagine these are things that were robustly... ...as Massachusetts was in particular.
• I would imagine these are things that were robustly debated when the state adopted the compact.

Committee: Joint Joint Committee on Election Laws

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The Committee on Election Laws held a hearing with House and Senate chairs and several members participating in person and online. The main bill discussed was House Bill 5086, the Electoral Count Reform/Uniform Faithful Presidential Electors Act, which would require presidential electors in Massachusetts to sign a faithfulness pledge, automatically replace any elector who casts a vote contrary to the state’s popular vote, and update state procedures to meet federal Electoral Count Act deadlines and paperwork requirements. Testimony in support came from Public Citizen, the Uniform Law Commission, and Protect Democracy United. Witnesses argued the bill would protect against coercion, threats, and “faithless electors,” and said it would help ensure Massachusetts’ electoral votes reflect voters’ choices and cannot be rejected on technical grounds. One witness noted the bill is already enacted in many states and has been upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court, and several organizations endorsed the model approach. Members asked about how the bill would interact with Massachusetts’ participation in the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact. The witness said the bill is compatible with the compact and suggested a minor clarifying amendment to avoid any implication that the state is stepping away from it. After testimony and questions, the chair noted that testimony had also been received on the other two bills from Representative Breguire, the governor’s office, and Representative Hogan, and the committee then adjourned without taking a vote in the hearing.

Transcript Highlights:

• I'll imagine that.
• When the federal government is spending beyond their legal authority, imagine that.

Committee: House State Affairs

Summary: The House State Affairs Committee considered three measures. RS 32824 would require paid petition signature gatherers to display on their badge not only their name but also the name of any person or entity paying them. Members discussed whether to use singular or plural wording and whether to keep “entity” in the text; a substitute motion to strike “entity” failed, and the committee then adopted the original motion with changes to use plural language. The bill was introduced. The committee also heard RS 32825C1, which would expand the Legislature’s ability to hire private counsel not just to defend state interests, but to take legal action on behalf of Idaho when federal actions are believed to exceed constitutional authority or otherwise harm the state. The sponsor said the measure would allow legislative leaders to act when the Attorney General’s office is unavailable or short-staffed, and noted it had Speaker Moyle’s support. The committee voted to introduce the bill. Finally, RS 32992, a concurrent resolution, was presented to commemorate the 250th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence. The resolution highlights Idaho’s planned semiquincentennial activities, including a year of volunteerism targeting 250,000 acts of service, promotion of an Idaho song called “Forever Idaho,” a statewide signature display project, and planting “Freedom Groves” or “Liberty Groves” on public land. The committee voted to introduce the resolution and send it to the Second Reading calendar. The chair announced the committee would not meet the following Friday.

Transcript Highlights:

• And if we're one of the first seven, I would imagine we would be a part of that board and the rollout
• This is a huge fix for the SLPs, as you can only imagine, somebody who gets their degree and does their

Committee: House Professional Registration and Licensing

Keywords: 959, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• You're a lead four, so I can imagine that you've been doing this for a little while.
• And I could just imagine... And we were amazed when we were starting to get support.
• “Imagine an extended power outage.
• There are some challenges, as you all can imagine right now, with people who might be...
• So I can imagine there's a wait list.

Summary: The Budget Subcommittee on Health and Human Services heard an overview of the expected California budget and program impacts from H.R. 1, including changes to Medi-Cal and CalFresh eligibility, redeterminations, work requirements, immigration-related coverage rules, retroactive coverage limits, and reductions in federal matching for certain services and provider financing mechanisms. DHCS and CDSS described implementation plans focused on automation, data matching, clearer communications, county training, and outreach, while noting that many federal details are still pending. The Legislative Analyst’s Office also reviewed how H.R. 1 could increase pressure on county indigent care systems, explaining the history of county responsibility under Section 17000, 1991 realignment, and AB 85, and warning that counties may face large increases in uninsured residents seeking care without corresponding funding flexibility. An independent policy expert urged consideration of a more standardized statewide approach to indigent care and raised questions about governance, benefits, and financing. Department witnesses estimated substantial coverage losses and fiscal effects: DHCS projected major Medi-Cal disenrollment tied to work requirements, six-month renewals, narrowed immigrant eligibility, and reduced retroactive coverage, while CDSS estimated large CalFresh benefit losses and a significant increase in administrative workload and payment accuracy pressure. Members questioned how exemptions would work for older adults, people experiencing homelessness, undocumented residents, and cash workers, and asked about the effect on the CalFresh Minimum Nutrition Benefit Pilot and on county administrative funding. Officials said they would use available data and self-attestation where possible, but acknowledged that many cases would require manual screening and that the county workload estimates remain in dispute. They also said the state is still evaluating the impact of H.R. 1 on provider taxes and state-directed payments, which could create additional budget pressure. County representatives from Los Angeles, Santa Clara, Tulare, and San Bernardino described major local consequences if H.R. 1 is implemented as written. They warned of higher uninsured rates, more strain on emergency rooms and public hospitals, increased homelessness and food insecurity, and a likely need to rebuild or expand county indigent care programs that were largely scaled back after the ACA. Counties said they are already freezing hiring, cutting positions, reducing overtime, deferring spending, and launching outreach and coordination efforts with managed care plans and community partners, but argued that these steps are not enough without additional state support. Several counties backed the California County Welfare Directors Association’s request for $373 million in General Fund support for eligibility work and asked for a CalFresh match waiver to soften the new county share of administrative costs; Los Angeles and Santa Clara also emphasized that their local revenue measures would not close the projected gaps. No votes or formal actions were taken in the portion provided.

Transcript Highlights:

• Imagine my surprise when, as the conversation evolved, I learned that licensed facilities, like assisted
• Imagine<00:05:05.800><c> my</c><00:05:05.920><c> surprise</c> Imagine my surprise Imagine my surprise
• Imagine they're out of wine, or there's an imbalance in white wine, and they simply want to transfer
• </c><00:13:02.280><c> Imagine</c> down in the St. Cloud area. Imagine down in the St. Cloud area.
• So, imagine a store on one side of the Twin Cities or even in Little Falls and St.

Bills: HF4145 , HF4009 , HF4304 , SF2511 , HF4090 , HF357 , HF901

Committee: House Commerce Finance and Policy

Keywords: alcohol consumption, nursing homes, assisted living, resident activities, Minnesota Statutes, seasonal liquor licenses, resorts, intoxicating liquor, county board, Brainerd, Northern Pacific Center, event center, liquor license, on-sale license, alcohol sales, special law, local option, Minnesota liquor law, chapter 340A, Sunday sales

Transcript Highlights:

• I imagine for the women in this room it's probably even more difficult.
• But I imagine you've polled your own constituents on this, and I imagine when I see these polls come
• But imagine looking at rapists in the eye every day. Just imagine that. Thank you.
• I imagine that that might happen.
• Imagine being bound to a wheelchair and unable to move.

Summary: The Senate began with a quorum call, prayer, approval of the previous journal, and messages from the House, then moved through several recognitions and resolutions honoring visiting groups. Members adopted resolutions recognizing the Texas chapters of Blue Star Mothers of America, Fine Arts Education Day, Donate Life Texas Day, Baha’i Capitol Day, County Government Day, Jack County Day, Crockett County Day, and a recognition of Navy Petty Officer Simon Urbanik for service during the Cuban Missile Crisis. The chamber also heard remarks from visiting doctors, students, county officials, and community groups, with multiple senators speaking in support of military families, arts education, organ donation, and local government service. The Senate then took up Committee Substitute Senate Bill 2779, relating to the allocation and use of certain hotel occupancy tax revenues. Senator Birdwell said the bill would stop local governments from conditioning HOT funds on race- or class-based priorities and would require Galveston to transfer the full state rebate for beach cleaning and maintenance to its park board. After questions, the Senate suspended the rules, passed the bill to engrossment, suspended the three-day rule, and finally passed it, though the final vote showed significant opposition. The chamber also passed Committee Substitute Senate Bill 2322, described as a cleanup bill removing the compelling-factor test for dispatchable generation from the Texas Jobs, Energy, Technology, and Innovation Act. A major debate centered on Committee Substitute Senate Bill 2253, which would phase out uncertified teachers in core classrooms and strengthen educator certification requirements. Senator Creighton argued the bill responds to a teacher pipeline crisis, adds parent notification, creates multiple preparation pathways, and provides financial incentives for certification; Senator West and Senator Sparks pressed for rural flexibility and implementation details. An amendment from Senator Gutierrez to add a teacher student-loan repayment program failed on a 11-17 vote, while other technical and fiscal amendments were adopted. The bill then passed to engrossment, the three-day rule was suspended, and it was finally passed. The Senate also passed Committee Substitute Senate Bill 2371, updating skimmer-reporting rules to cover electronic terminals beyond fuel pumps, and Committee Substitute Senate Bill 2351, relating to the construction of certain concrete plants under a standard permit. Senate Bill 619, a conscience-protection bill for health care workers, drew extended questioning from Senators Cook, Eckhardt, and Menendez about patient abandonment, scope, and whether it could allow refusals of legal services such as vaccines, antibiotics, contraception, or personal care; despite those concerns, the Senate suspended the rules and passed the bill to engrossment. Finally, the chamber began consideration of Committee Substitute Senate Bill 1169, which would allow public entities to form public utility agencies to cooperate on water and wastewater projects without eminent domain or cross-collateralization, with Senator Hinojosa explaining it as a tool for small and rural communities facing utility infrastructure problems.

Transcript Highlights:

• when we talk about third imag imagine when we talk about third world<00:42:59.160><c> countries</c><
• </c> equipment and you could just imagine equipment and you could just imagine what<01:25:11.960><c>
• As you can imagine, this is an extremely difficult financial burden for the city of our size.
• As you can imagine, this is an extremely difficult financial burden for the city of our size.
• As you can imagine, this is an extremely difficult financial burden for the city of our size.

Bills: HF919 , HF1192 , HF212 , HF214

Committee: House Capital Investment

Keywords: wastewater, infrastructure, funding, Litchfield, economic development, environmental compliance, Hastings, water treatment, PFAS, nitrates, bonds, capital investment, public health, HF212, Round Lake-Brewster, Independent School District No. 2907, school construction, school building, sales tax exemption, use tax exemption

Transcript Highlights:

• You can imagine in Massachusetts there isn't the activity there is in, let's say, the western part of
• You can imagine in Massachusetts there isn't the activity there is in, let's say, the western part of
• And so in this example, you can imagine that the local list is maybe represented by the triangles on
• And so in this example, you can imagine that the local list is maybe represented by the triangles on
• We have a lot of development, as you can imagine, in a city the size of Worcester.

Committee: Senate Senate Committee on the Census

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The Senate Committee on the Census held a hearing on September 22, 2025 focused on preparations for the 2030 census, with an emphasis on Massachusetts’ role in building a complete address list and improving local participation in census-related address review programs. Chair Brownsberger and witnesses from the Secretary of the Commonwealth’s office, the UMass Donahue Institute, Watertown, and MassGIS described the importance of accurate address data for congressional apportionment, federal funding, and state and local planning. They also discussed the first major upcoming step, the Block Boundary Suggestion Project, and the later Local Update of Census Addresses (LUCA) process, both of which rely on municipalities reviewing and correcting census geography and address files. John Rosenberry of the Secretary of the Commonwealth’s office said outreach to cities and towns is beginning now, with a likely December start for the block boundary process based on the 2020 cycle. He stressed that local officials, clerks, building inspectors, housing authorities, and GIS staff should be engaged early, especially to capture new development and conversions created under the state’s housing policies. Susan Strait of UMass Donahue explained that LUCA allows local governments to compare their address lists with the Census Bureau’s master address file, and that Massachusetts had very high participation in 2020; she cited examples where local review added hidden or newly built housing units and noted that Boston later corrected a group-quarters undercount of about 6,000 students through a post-census review program. In response to questions, she clarified that those corrections affected annual estimates and funding formulas, but not the 2020 apportionment count. Watertown City Manager George Proakis described how local address review is complicated by accessory dwelling units, single-family to two-family conversions, and large multifamily projects, and urged continued state support for local governments doing this work. Dan Marrier of MassGIS then outlined the Massachusetts Master Address Database, explaining that it combines multiple sources, including E911, assessor, voter, and municipal data, to create a standardized residential address repository used for census preparation and other state functions. He said the database has helped improve census accuracy, including by updating more than one million Census Bureau address-point locations before 2020, and noted that local municipalities remain the final authority on addresses even as MassGIS standardizes and reconciles variants across the Commonwealth.

Transcript Highlights:

• programs will both be available for public comment, we hope, in summer of this year, and I would imagine
• I just wanted to kind of mention that and see if you guys have taken it on to Cal because I would imagine
• as we're listening to the director's opening comments, and I don't know if I'm noticing or just imagining
• And I think sometimes we also imagine that when we have things that are special funded, that we don't
• So if you can imagine those 30 growers behind me and their kids, and the money that's been going into

Keywords: 987, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• We hope for public comment in summer of this year, and I would imagine that we would receive a lot of
• I just wanted to kind of mention that and see if you guys have taken it on to Cal because I would imagine
• as we're listening to the director's opening comments, and I don't know if I'm noticing or just imagining
• And I think sometimes we also imagine that when we have things that are special funded, that we don't
• So if you can imagine those 30 growers behind me and their kids, and the money that's been going into

Summary: The subcommittee heard a series of Department of Food and Agriculture budget proposals, beginning with ongoing funding and trailer bill language for the Farm to School program and related climate-smart agriculture work. CDFA described the program’s goals of linking California producers with schools, expanding access to local and nutritious food, and supporting underserved farmers through technical assistance and outreach. The LAO recommended rejecting the proposal as presented because of the state’s budget condition and suggested that some activities might instead be supported through Proposition 98. Members questioned whether the program is reaching the schools and communities with the greatest need, how grants are scored, and whether the proposal’s goals are measurable enough to justify ongoing funding. The item was held open. The committee also discussed CDFA’s climate bond expenditure plan, which would allocate remaining Proposition 4 funds to existing programs such as SWEEP, Healthy Soils, urban agriculture, fairground emergency response upgrades, and invasive species work, as well as new or developing programs including year-round certified farmers markets, mobile farmers markets, regional farm equipment sharing, and tribal food sovereignty. CDFA said the funds would be released in stages based on program readiness, with audits and performance metrics tied to each program. The LAO found the plan reasonable and consistent with bond requirements. Members asked about audit responsibility, performance tracking, and whether the bond programs should be front-loaded or spread over a longer period. A third CDFA item addressed the elimination of vacant positions under prior budget reductions. CDFA and the Department of Finance explained that the positions were selected because they had been vacant for long periods or were hard to fill, and that departments identified the positions based on their own operational knowledge. The LAO supported retaining the special-fund positions and suggested the General Fund positions be weighed on their merits. Members raised concerns about the impact on core functions such as audits, investigations, milk marketing, and grape pricing reports, and asked for follow-up on how the department determined which positions could be removed. The committee then heard a CDFA IT proposal to add funding and four positions for information technology operations; the LAO had no concerns, and members discussed cybersecurity, legacy systems, and future risks such as AI and quantum threats. The committee took public comment and then voted to approve items 9 through 13, which included CDFA dog importation certificates, livestock carcass disposal, Gambling Control Commission IT support and tribal grant funding, and an ABC district office relocation. The hearing then moved to the Department of Cannabis Control, which presented a request to strengthen enforcement against the illicit cannabis market by adding a North State field office in Redding and three non-sworn support positions. DCC said the illicit market remains far larger than the legal market, with a large backlog of cases and significant public safety and environmental concerns. Finance supported the targeted expansion, the LAO had no comment, and members asked about regional coverage, officer safety, and whether a larger, more transformational enforcement effort might be warranted in the future.

Transcript Highlights:

• But I can imagine that some school districts might attempt to go lower than that 275 and perhaps go to
• But imagine a world where citizens knew that their taxes were stable and that they weren't going to be
• But imagine a world where citizens knew that their taxes were stable and that they weren't going to be
• So imagine a world where your taxes, where you knew next year they were going to be no greater than X
• , to tip the Imagined fraud to tip the scales or to put their thumb on the scales in ways that could

Summary: The House first established a quorum after a quorum call and also welcomed guests from the Gateway Bleeding Disorders Association in recognition of Bleeding Disorders Awareness Month. The chamber then took up House Bill 2780, a major property tax reform measure, and adopted House Committee Substitute No. 2 before ordering it perfected and printed. The bill’s sponsor described four main provisions: applying Hancock rollback limits by subclass, adjusting the school levy floor from 2.75 to 2.20 while preserving current districts below 2.75 at that level for now, extending physical inspection protections to commercial property when assessments rise 15% or more, and requiring an old levy to expire before a new levy can take effect. Members from both parties largely supported the bill, though several raised concerns about the school levy floor and its interaction with the foundation formula; the sponsor said the bill was intended to stabilize taxes and send the issue to the Senate for further work. The substitute was adopted and the bill was perfected and printed. The House then considered a combined substitute for House Bills 2592, 2787, and 2834, which would restore voting rights to Missourians on probation or parole who are not incarcerated. The sponsor said the bill reflects accountability and reentry, and members discussed how election officials would determine eligibility, what happens if a voter later violates parole, and whether the measure could affect elections. Supporters, including members with corrections and election administration experience, said many people on supervision are working, paying taxes, and should be able to vote; opponents or skeptics focused on the seriousness of criminal penalties and the need to preserve public confidence. The substitute was adopted and the combined bill was ordered perfected and printed. Finally, the House took up House Bill 2125. The sponsor said it has three provisions: codifying the sharing of citizenship-status information in an existing Department of Revenue/Secretary of State data exchange, removing a sunset on the Secretary of State’s authority to seek court relief and subpoena records in credible election-violation investigations, and extending a technology fee sunset for another five years. The sponsor said the subpoena authority had been used only twice since 2020 and was intended to gather information, not automatically bring charges. Discussion on the bill began after the sponsor’s presentation.

Transcript Highlights:

• coming years, because as we get, as the community gets more and more of a taste of AI, I can only imagine
• I imagine this is so NICA can take advantage of negotiated rates Medicare has.
• I imagine this is so NICA can take advantage of negotiated rates Medicare has.
• And, you know, I sincerely didn't imagine that would be our last bill.
• I sincerely didn't imagine that would be our last bill, but there's been so much great work that we've

Committee: House Commerce Committee

Summary: The committee first heard CS/HB 1263 on insurance regulation. The sponsor said the bill would strengthen the Office of Insurance Regulation’s tools to oversee property and auto insurance markets, including market conduct and solvency exams, mitigation discounts, storage of mitigation inspection forms, and clearer oversight of pharmacy benefit managers. An amendment narrowing fingerprinting requirements was adopted, and the bill passed favorably after supportive testimony from OIR and others. Members then considered CS/HB 527, which would require a qualified human review before an insurance claim can be denied or reduced when artificial intelligence is used in the process. After an amendment removing the word “algorithm” was adopted, insurers and trade groups testified in opposition, arguing current law already covers claims handling and that the bill could create duplicative work and slow innovation. Supporters, including a consumer and labor representative, said human judgment is needed to protect claimants. The bill passed favorably. The committee also approved CS/HB 637 on farm equipment “lemon law” rights, with an amendment clarifying consumer definitions, refund rights, repair-period extensions, and a July 1, 2026 effective date. CS/HB 107 on data centers also passed after an amendment narrowing the five-mile siting restriction to data centers over 50 megawatts and adding noise-study requirements; business groups supported a framework but opposed the NDA ban and siting limits, while several members raised competitiveness and local-impact concerns. Later, the committee passed CS/HB 1291 on NICA funding and solvency, CS/HB 185 on a sales tax exemption for home-hardening products, CS/HB 425 on historic African-American cemetery preservation, CS/CS/CS/HB 1177 on Space Florida and spaceport operations, CS/CS/CS/HB 657 on community associations and HOA/condo reforms, and CS/CS/HB 1221, the DFS package. The final major item discussed was CS/HB 1001 on local government DEI restrictions, which drew extensive questioning about definitions, exceptions, cultural and religious observances, advisory councils, and contracting rules; the transcript cuts off before the bill’s final disposition.

Transcript Highlights:

• I imagined what he or she would look like or be like. Motherhood did not begin for me at birth.
• I imagined what he or she would look like or be like. Motherhood did not begin for me at birth.
• Imagine what else we could do with that $80 million to help get these families to eat.
• I have to imagine there's someone on hand to help, my hope.
• I have to imagine there's someone on hand to help my hope.

Bills: HB2180 , HB2184 , HB2188 , HB2194 , HB2206 , HB2321 , HB2322 , HB2438 , HB2442 , HB2448 , HB2727 , HB2797

Committee: House Health & Human Services

Keywords: appropriation, funding, University of Arizona, education, state budget, fetal death, funeral homes, informed consent, abortion, women's rights, medical assistance, emotional support, language acquisition, early intervention, hearing impairment, grant program, deaf education, health care, insurance claims, prior authorization