Transcript Highlights:

• They'd have to stomp the wool down in the sacks, and the one thing that I really liked was World War
• The only thing that I really liked was World War II. They used this wool to help the soldiers.

Keywords: 985, all

Transcript Highlights:

• we're having to respond with generators and manufacturers who have been shut down because there was a war
• And so nobody... ...because there was a war on hydrocarbons. And so nobody's building these.

Keywords: 985, all

Transcript Highlights:

• And the uncertainties in international markets and the trade wars that are happening definitely are going
• And the uncertainties in international markets and the trade wars that are happening definitely are going

Summary: The joint informational hearing of the Assembly Committees on Economic Development, Growth, and Household Impact and Agriculture, held at Fresno State, focused on cost pressures in California’s food system, household affordability, and the Central Valley’s role in agriculture. Opening remarks emphasized Fresno State’s regional importance, the Central Valley’s outsized contribution to food production, and the connection between agricultural health, food security, and the broader economy. Members also noted the impact of the federal shutdown on CalFresh benefits and the state’s efforts to respond with food assistance funding and National Guard support for food banks. The first panel featured academic and policy experts who described agriculture’s economic importance in the San Joaquin Valley and the rising pressures on farms and households. Dr. Conduro highlighted agriculture’s large share of regional GDP, farm receipts, jobs, exports, and food manufacturing, while identifying water scarcity, SGMA-related land fallowing, labor shortages and rising labor costs, market volatility, invasive pests, and production cost inflation as major barriers. Caroline Danielson of PPIC said food prices remain about 30% above 2019 levels, food insecurity affects about 1.8 million California households, and nutrition programs such as CalFresh, WIC, and school meals are essential in reducing poverty, especially in the Central Valley. Susie Pryor of the Central California Small Business Development Center described technical assistance, capital access, and training for small food and farm businesses, while warning that reduced funding limits support for rural and immigrant entrepreneurs. The second panel brought testimony from a small produce business owner, a food entrepreneur, and the Fresno County Farm Bureau. They said input costs for fertilizer, fuel, irrigation, labor, land leases, and compliance have risen sharply while commodity prices have remained flat or fallen, squeezing small farms and food businesses. Panelists stressed the need for small-batch processing facilities, local supply chains, education on food manufacturing compliance, land access for small farmers, and more pathways into agriculture through trade programs, community colleges, and FFA. Ryan Jacobson said California agriculture is facing a prolonged downturn, with farm bankruptcies, weak commodity prices, export-market uncertainty, water reliability problems, and costly ag-burning rules all contributing to financial strain. No formal votes or legislative actions were taken; the hearing was informational and concluded with discussion of possible policy solutions and continued engagement with stakeholders.

Transcript Highlights:

• I'm somewhat familiar with Civil War history, yes.
• Since the Civil War, African Americans have been able to work with different persons in the legislative

Bills: SB 2, SB 5, SB 9, SB 7, SB 17, SB 4, HB4, HB1, HB3, HB20, HB22, SB9, SB7, SB17, SB4, HB4, SB2, SB5

Keywords: disaster relief, flood preparedness, emergency funding, local government support, meteorological forecasting, school assessment, public education, accountability, transparency, education standards, STAAR, Texas Education Agency, TEA, public school accountability, school ratings, A-F ratings, assessment reform, student testing, benchmark tests, interim assessments

Transcript Highlights:

• My father was a prisoner of war, a Bataan Death March survivor. Family.
• My father was a prisoner of war, a Bataan Death March survivor, and stayed in for 20 years, so he had

Summary: The committee met to discuss domestic violence with a focus on teen dating violence, healthy relationships, and the impact of technology on abuse. Chair Blanca Rubio opened by describing the urgency of the issue, including a recent teen murder in her district tied to domestic violence, and emphasized that restraining orders alone do not prevent abuse. The first panel featured Janica Morin Pasquale and Taylor Stone Mill, who described warning signs in teens such as constant monitoring through phones and social media, isolation from friends, jealousy normalized by online content, and control through gifts, food delivery, and access to passwords or tracking apps. They stressed that many teens do not tell parents, that parents often miss the signs, and that prevention should begin early and be reinforced in schools, homes, and youth activities. They also cited resources such as Love Is Respect, One Love, and Take It Down, and urged consistent funding and implementation of the California Healthy Youth Act rather than one-time lessons. The second panel shifted to the effects of domestic violence on children and the systems that respond to them. Joyce Blue of the Sacramento Regional Family Justice Center described the center’s wraparound services, including forensic interviews, legal help, housing support, child therapy, and high-risk response, and highlighted the prevalence and danger of strangulation, including cases with no visible injury. She explained that domestic violence is about power and control, that children often normalize abuse, and that safety planning must accompany restraining orders. Susie Flores of Inner Circle Children’s Advocacy Center explained the multidisciplinary forensic interview model used for child abuse cases, gave examples of severe abuse involving children exposed to domestic violence, and noted that many centers are overwhelmed by caseloads. She stressed the need for immediate trauma-informed services and more front-end intervention rather than waiting until long-term harm develops. Dr. Pamela Tate of Black Women Revolt Against Domestic Violence and other members discussed the need to support not only victims but also the systems and educators who are expected to respond. Several members shared personal experiences with domestic violence, sexual assault, and family trauma, and raised concerns about school implementation, immigrant families’ fear of reporting, and the need to address abusers’ behavior and trauma as well. The discussion also touched on statute of limitations issues, with panelists saying memory and trauma can delay disclosure for years and that rigid deadlines can prevent justice. No votes were taken; the meeting was informational and ended with members expressing support for continued collaboration, prevention funding, and stronger implementation of existing law.

Transcript Highlights:

• My ancestors fought alongside the other Seminole tribal towns in the Seminole Wars of the 1800s, until
• My ancestors fought alongside the other Seminole tribal towns in the Seminole Wars of the 1800s, until

Summary: The committee first handled Senate confirmations, hearing two support waivers from the Florida Swimming Pool Association, and then voted to recommend confirmation of all appointees in a block vote. It then took up several bills, adopting amendments and reporting each measure favorably: CS/SB 462 on transportation, which included FDOT authority over speed limits, EV-related funding, MPO changes, workforce grants, and an I-4 widening report; SB 1574 on energy infrastructure investment, creating a PSC mechanism for renewable natural gas infrastructure cost recovery; SB 1002 on utility service restrictions, limiting local government energy-source restrictions; and SB 726 on swatting, adding liability for prosecution/investigation costs and restitution for injuries or property damage. The committee also approved CS/SB 496 on timeshare management and CS/SB 1076 on roof contracting, both with technical or clarifying amendments. A major portion of the meeting focused on SB 408 on thoroughbred permit holders and decoupling live racing from gaming licenses at Gulfstream Park and Tampa Bay Downs. Senator Burgess presented a strike-all amendment that would delay decoupling for seven years, with a three-year notice period and a four-year guarantee of racing and current purse/breeder award structures. The sponsor and supporters said the longer runway was intended to create room for negotiations and align Florida with other pari-mutuel operations. The committee heard extensive public testimony, overwhelmingly opposed, from horsemen, breeders, veterinarians, farm owners, sales companies, and related businesses who warned the bill would reduce racing, depress breeding, threaten tens of thousands of jobs, and harm a major agricultural industry. A few speakers, including representatives of the Miccosukee Tribe, opposed the bill as a casino expansion that would benefit out-of-state interests and undermine existing gaming arrangements. No final vote on SB 408 was taken in the portion provided, and the committee continued public testimony after a recess.

Transcript Highlights:

• This is a war on our reproductive freedoms, but what I was really shocked to hear is that we are now
• This is war on our reproductive freedoms, but what I was really shocked to hear is that we are now attacking

Summary: The committee on Pre-K through 12 Education took up SB 1288, a parental rights bill by Sen. Grall, which would expand the Parents Bill of Rights to require written parental consent for minors’ medical care and prescriptions, give parents access to medical records, require parental review/consent for surveys and questionnaires, and restrict use of biofeedback devices without parental permission. The sponsor said the bill is intended to restore parents’ role in major medical decisions and to address concerns about schools or providers collecting sensitive information from children without parents’ knowledge. She said she was open to clarifying language, especially around exceptions and definitions, but maintained that parents should generally be the decision-makers. Committee members pressed the sponsor on how the bill would affect minors who are abused, homeless, estranged from parents, or otherwise without a safe guardian, as well as access to STI treatment, mental health care, contraception, and care after sexual assault. The sponsor repeatedly said children in unsafe situations should come into the child welfare or law enforcement system and that she was open to changes for truly unsafe or unavailable parents, but she rejected the idea that the bill was merely about notification rather than consent. She also defended the survey provisions as a way to stop routine questioning of children about suicide and other sensitive topics without parental awareness, and said the biofeedback language was aimed at school settings where data about children’s anxiety or stress is allegedly being shared with classmates. Public testimony was heavily divided, with many speakers opposing the bill and describing personal experiences with abuse, rape, mental health crises, lack of supportive parents, and the need for confidential access to birth control, STI testing, and counseling. Opponents argued the bill would delay care, endanger vulnerable minors, and reduce access to medically necessary services and surveys that can identify risk. Supporters said the bill would restore parental authority, improve transparency, and protect children from inappropriate surveys and biometric monitoring. During debate, Sen. Berman and Sen. Davis opposed the bill, saying it conflicts with existing law and could harm vulnerable youth, while Sen. Yarborough supported it, arguing that not all parents are bad actors and that the state should not treat all families as if they were. The transcript ends with debate underway and no final vote or action recorded.

Transcript Highlights:

• legislative history of this body, we have created a food policy program that has helped us. drug-off wars
• The 2018 trade war with China blew up our single largest market for American wool.

Keywords: agriculture, avian flu, bipartisan farm bill, economic challenges, poultry, dairy, specialty crops

Summary: The committee meeting focused on crucial discussions surrounding the challenges faced by the agriculture sector, particularly concerning avian flu and its impact on poultry and dairy producers. Members provided insights into the economic struggles within the industry, emphasizing the need for a new bipartisan farm bill that addresses the diverse needs of specialty crop and livestock producers. Witnesses from various agricultural sectors spoke about their experiences, illustrating the high costs, regulatory burdens, and emerging diseases that threaten their operations. The meeting underscored a commitment to exploring solutions that will help maintain market stability and ensure food security.

Transcript Highlights:

• reflects a wonderful partnership between the federal government and universities coming out of World War
• II, actually seeing the impacts during World War II of science and technology and university research

Keywords: 988, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• But during that time, after a drug has been proven to be effective before it is declared safe enough
• safe enough to be before it is declared safe enough to be sold<03:38:48.880> broadly.
• I've got the declaration of intent form, and I will pass that in now.
• <05:28:18.160> a<05:28:18.400> conflict 38, I am going to uh declare a conflict 38,
• I am going to uh declare a conflict of<05:28:19.040> interest<05:28:19.360> and<05:28:

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• In October of last year, he was declared cancer-free.

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The Senate met in informal session, beginning with recognition of the Masconomet Regional High School girls varsity soccer team, the 2004 MIAA Division 2 state champions, along with coaches, staff, and visiting House members. Senators offered praise for the team’s accomplishments and presented citations, noting the chamber was in informal session to satisfy the constitutional requirement to meet every 72 hours and to handle limited procedural business before a later budget debate. The Senate then adopted a motion to adjourn in memory of Christian Jose Fildago Barros, a young child who had battled a rare neuroblastoma and died on January 13. A moment of silence was observed in his memory. The main legislative action concerned House Bill 58, a fiscal year 2025 supplemental appropriations bill. Senator Rodrigues offered an amendment to replace the bill’s text with Senate Document 16, and the Senate suspended the rules to take up an order setting the bill for a second reading on Wednesday, February 12, 2025, with amendments due electronically by 2:00 p.m. on Tuesday, February 11. The order was adopted, placing H.58 on the Orders of the Day for Wednesday. The Senate also adopted an order to meet again on Wednesday at 11:00 a.m. in formal session, then adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• My bill, 1987, which has to do with the Declaration of Candidacy for municipal elections.

Keywords: 959, house, all

Summary: The Committee on Local Government met in executive session and first considered House Bill 3143 by Representative Parker. After a roll call vote, the committee voted 12-0 to do pass the bill. The committee then took up the Senate Committee Substitute for Senate Bill 1023 and a committee substitute ending in 0.09C. The chair and members explained that the substitute combined several library-related measures with other provisions, including changes to political subdivisions, municipal candidacy language, city-county library boards, dissolution of a public water supply corporation, and a Kansas City liquor-sales issue tied to Chapter 311. Members discussed concerns about mixing unrelated topics into the bill, especially the Kansas City liquor provision and the state preempting local control, while others noted the language cleanup and removal of special carve-outs. Representative Reedy also flagged a salary commission language issue involving assistant prosecuting attorneys, suggesting it could be fixed on the floor. The committee adopted the substitute by voice vote and then voted on House Committee Substitute for Senate Substitute No. 2 for Senate Committee Substitute for Senate Bill 1023. The bill received a do pass recommendation by an 8-4 roll call vote. The meeting then adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• expands the scope of the required public display plan to include not only the Texas Constitution and Declaration

Keywords: 1185, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• They come from their Declaration of Covenants, Conditions and Restrictions that run with the land and

Keywords: 910, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Declaring that foster children are not residents of foster homes for purposes of homeowner's insurance

Transcript Highlights:

• HB 1014 does not require a municipality or school to declare a holiday on the dates in RSA 288:15 that
• HB 1014 does not require a municipality or school to declare a holiday on the dates in RSA 288:15 that
• HB 1014 does not require a municipality or school to declare a holiday on the dates in RSA 288:15 that
• HB 1014 does not require a municipality or school to declare a holiday on the dates in RSA 288:15 that
• School cannot declare the third Monday in January anything other than Martin Luther King Jr.

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• The FDA promptly referred them to the Department of Justice and declared the ad misleading because it
• The shortages have been declared resolved by the Food and Drug Administration months and months and months
• Yes, the shortages have been declared resolved by the Food and Drug Administration months and months
• The shortages have been declared resolved by the food.
• Yes, the shortages have been declared resolved by the Food and Drug Administration months and months

Keywords: 988, house, all

Summary: The committee heard AB 1798 by Assembly Member Wilson, which would prohibit life and non-health disability insurers from using non-diagnostic genetic information, including direct-to-consumer test results, to deny coverage or raise premiums. Supporters, including the Department of Insurance, UCSF, and several patient and privacy groups, argued the bill would reduce fear of genetic discrimination and encourage early testing and treatment. Opponents from the insurance industry said genetic information should be treated like other predictive health data and warned the bill could limit access to medically relevant information in underwriting. After questions about how insurers obtain genetic information and whether doctors’ assessments could still be used, the bill was approved on a 7-0 vote and held on call. The committee then took up AB 2190 by Assembly Member Wallace, a website accessibility bill aimed at improving compliance with disability access standards and reducing serial litigation. Supporters from the blind community and Disability Rights California said current law is not enough and that the bill would promote proactive fixes rather than lawsuits. Business and civil justice groups opposed unless amended, raising concerns about workable defenses, remediation timelines, and liability for platform providers. Members discussed whether the bill would increase lawsuits, but the measure passed 9-0 and was sent to Appropriations, with the vote left open for absent members. AB 2721 by Assembly Member Carrillo would require hotels to post notice when they know or should know that rooms are reserved for U.S. Customs and Border Protection or ICE. Supporters, including Unite Here Local 11 and the California Labor Federation, said hotel workers and guests deserve transparency and safety when federal agents are present. Hotel and business groups opposed, arguing the bill could invade privacy, create liability, and put hotels in the middle of political conflict, while members also raised concerns about interference with legitimate federal operations. The bill passed 6-2 and was held open. Finally, the committee heard AB 2027 by Assembly Member Ward, which would limit employers’ use of worker data to train or deploy AI systems intended to replace workers and restrict sharing that data for job automation. Labor groups supported the bill as a guardrail against workers unknowingly training their own replacements, while business, county, and public agency opponents warned the definitions were too broad and could block useful AI tools for scheduling, safety, permitting, and public services. Members discussed the line between AI that replaces workers and AI that assists them, and the bill was left under consideration after testimony and questions.

Transcript Highlights:

• It establishes a minimum time frame of 36 months following loss due to a declared disaster or emergency
• Finally, we note that, rather unfortunately, disaster declarations are declared very often these days
• So that means this bill would be triggered every time one of those disaster declarations is put into
• So that means this bill would be triggered every time one of those disaster declarations is put into

Bills: SB2960, SB2347, SB2272, SB3137, SB3132, SB2271, SB2804, SB2175, SB2487

Keywords: homeowners insurance, disaster recovery, replacement cost value, state of emergency, policyholder rights, insurance extensions, tenant rights, landlord obligations, housing crisis, eviction prevention, multilingual access, SB2272, Act 105, home health licensing, home health agency, home health services, Department of Health, DOH, CMS, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

Summary: The committee heard several resolutions and one bill focused on energy reliability, utility infrastructure, insurance, tenant rights, and home health licensing. On the energy side, members heard HCR 203/HR 193 on a status update for the Hawaii Electric Reliability Administrator, HCR 204/HR 194 on a comprehensive PUC analysis of cost reduction and risk, and HCR 202/HR 192 creating a legislative task force on future energy pathways. Testimony on the energy measures was generally supportive from the PUC, DCCA’s Division of Consumer Advocacy, the Hawaii State Energy Office, and the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, with OHA urging that equity, native Hawaiian impacts, and public trust resources be considered alongside cost savings. The committee also heard HCR 125/HR 117 on coordinating with utilities to address aging utility poles and lines along Farrington Highway and other high-risk corridors; Hawaiian Electric supported the measure, Hawaiian Telcom and Charter Spectrum said much of the work is already underway and questioned whether the resolution was necessary, and committee questioning focused on existing double-pole tracking and the role of DOT and the PUC. The committee then took up HCR 137/HR 129 on timely reimbursement of health care claims under the clean claims statute. The DCCA Insurance Division and the Hawaii Insurers Council opposed the measure as drafted, saying it could be read to require payment beyond policy limits and could raise premiums or reduce market participation. United Policyholders supported the measure, arguing it would simply give policyholders more time to collect benefits they already purchased, and clarified that it was not intended to increase coverage beyond policy limits. The committee later amended the resolution to direct the DCCA Insurance Division to prioritize investigation and enforcement of clean claims complaints. In the decision meeting, the committee recommended and adopted passage of HCR 203/HR 193 as is, HCR 204/HR 194 with an amendment removing the eighth whereas clause, HCR 202/HR 192 with an amendment adding a committee representative to the task force, HCR 125/HR 117 as is, and HCR 137/HR 129 with amendments. The committee also heard SB 2960 SC1 on property insurance, which would extend the time policyholders have after a declared disaster to document replacement-cost claims. The Insurance Division and Hawaii Insurers Council opposed it, warning it could force coverage beyond policy limits and increase premiums, while United Policyholders supported it and said it would help disaster survivors recover benefits they already paid for; members questioned whether similar laws in other states had caused premium spikes and clarified that the bill was not intended to exceed policy limits. The committee also heard SB 2347 SD1 on multilingual tenant-rights notices, with OHA, Hawaii Appleseed, and others supporting the bill but urging restoration of language requiring landlords to directly provide the notice at lease signing. Finally, SB 2272 SD1 HD1 on home health licensing drew support from the Department of Health, SHPDA, and the Health Care Association of Hawaii, with the association requesting an effective date amendment; testimony explained that the bill would allow state licensing compliance to be demonstrated through CMS-approved accreditation or certification surveys, potentially reducing duplication and freeing state resources.

Transcript Highlights:

• A lot of states have already declared robotics as a sport, including Arizona, Connecticut, Texas, and
• A lot of states have already<00:58:38.079> declared<00:58:38.480> robotics<00:58:38.880
• > as<00:58:39.040> a<00:58:39.280> sport, already declared robotics as a sport,
• already declared robotics as a sport, including<00:58:39.920> Arizona,<00:58:40.720> Connecticut
• Declaring robotics as a sport and allocating more funding for its programs will not only open up more

Bills: HB1813, HB2429, HB2423, HB1996, HB1851, HB2546, HB2028, HB2583, HB2490, HB2545, HB2114, HB1859, HB2534, HB2474, HB1863, HB2475

Keywords: taxation, general excise tax, use tax, exemptions, Hawaii Revised Statutes, tax expenditure, tax expenditure evaluation, tax credit review, tax incentive, tax exemption, use tax exemption, income tax credit, DBEDT, Department of Business Economic Development and Tourism, Department of Taxation, fiscal oversight, budget accountability, tax policy, revenue loss, public spending

Summary: The committee opened with HB 1813 on taxation and HB 2429 on tax expenditure evaluation, taking mostly written testimony and limited oral discussion. On HB 2429, the Tax Foundation and Department of Taxation raised privacy and federal-law concerns, warning that the bill could require taxpayers to file duplicative returns and could risk disclosure of federal tax information if released publicly. Members and witnesses discussed using anonymized or summary reporting instead of individual public release, with the department saying summarized data would be preferable and that the state can ask for the information as a policy matter, but individual public release could create problems. The committee then heard HB 2423 HD1 on biodiesel, where Pacific Biodiesel said it can supply all biodiesel needed for B5 in Hawaii without imports and asked to move the implementation date earlier to November 2027 to allow rollout planning. HB 1996 HB1 on hearing aids drew broad support; a disability access representative said earlier insurance-based efforts had run into administrative problems and that this bill would immediately lower costs for consumers. HB 1851 HD1, also related to hearing aids, received support from the Department of Labor and Industrial Relations, while the Tax Foundation argued the program would be better funded directly rather than through the tax system, citing overhead costs and blank provisions that should be filled in before passage. On HB 2546, the research activities tax credit, HCDC said the credit supports long-term R&D and should be converted from a first-come, first-served system to proration so more applicants receive some benefit; the agency described the credit as helping companies move from idea to commercialization and noted the state is leaving potential jobs and federal dollars on the table. HB 2028 HD1, relating to Labor Day for construction workers, drew support from labor representatives who said it recognizes construction workers and helps offset cost-of-living pressures, while the Tax Foundation opposed it as an industry-specific subsidy and flagged technical issues with undefined terms and blank credit amounts. The committee also heard HB 2583, HB 2490, HB 2545, HB 2114, and HB 1859 HD1. HB 2490, concerning coastal erosion at Mokuhiki Bay, received strong support from a temple representative who described severe shoreline loss, years of temporary emergency work, and the need for a long-term, nature-based solution in coordination with state agencies. HB 2545, involving HCDC and SBIR commercialization, was supported as a way to turn R&D into economic development; HCDC said it had more applications than it could fund and that the bill could help create high-wage jobs. HB 2114, the Hawaii Benefits Hub, received comments from ETS and DHS emphasizing support for the concept but cautioning that operational, policy, cybersecurity, and data-sharing standards must be carefully aligned. HB 1859 HD1 on workforce development drew strong support from workforce and philanthropic groups, who said Hawaii faces a long-term gap between projected living-wage jobs and the number of young people entering the workforce, and argued the bill would create durable infrastructure for coordination and long-term planning. No formal votes or final actions were taken in the portion of the hearing provided.

Transcript Highlights:

• Services or other reliable sources, upon notification from a circuit clerk that a person has been declared
• registrations were removed after notification of death; 578 people were removed upon a court's declaration
• <00:12:43.920> upon<00:12:44.160> a<00:12:44.320> court's<00:12:44.720> declaration
• <00:12:45.200> of removed upon a court's declaration of removed upon a court's declaration

Keywords: Voter List Maintenance - State Board of Elections -- 05:38 State Employee Health Insurance Plan – 44:18 Discussion of HB 622 (2025 RS) – 01:01:43, 958, all

Summary: The Interim Committee on State Government met on July 29, established a quorum, approved the June 24 minutes unanimously, and heard an update from the State Board of Elections on voter list maintenance. Taylor Brown, the board’s general counsel, explained the federal NVRA requirements and Kentucky’s statutory process for maintaining voter rolls, including use of USPS change-of-address data, ERIC reports, and agreements with non-ERIC states. He said Kentucky has entered or discussed agreements with several states, and that the board sends postcards to voters believed to have moved; if a voter does not respond to an 8D2 postcard and does not vote over two federal election cycles, the registration may be removed. He also described other removal categories such as death, felony conviction, incompetency, duplicate registrations, and self-requested cancellations. Brown reported that between July 1, 2024, and June 30, 2025, the board removed 284,381 registrations from the rolls, including 42,675 for death, 5,940 for felony conviction, 5,527 for registration in another state, 578 for incompetency, 223 based on jury questionnaires indicating non-citizenship, 746 self-removals, and 3,381 duplicates, along with 225,311 removals through the address-maintenance program. He said Kentucky’s total registrations decreased by roughly 169,000 over the year and are now below the Census Bureau’s estimate of the state’s voting-age population. Brown emphasized that receiving a postcard does not mean a voter has been purged and that failure to vote alone does not trigger removal. Members asked about the 223 non-citizen-related removals, the availability and effectiveness of alternatives to ERIC, the partisan criticism of ERIC, and how duplicate registrations are identified. Brown said the non-citizen jury questionnaire cases had been referred to the Attorney General for further review, that Kentucky currently has no organized alternative to ERIC but is pursuing reciprocal agreements with states such as Florida, and that ERIC recently changed bylaws to remove a postcard requirement that had been costly for member states. On duplicates, he said the board uses multiple data points, not just name and address, and noted that fuller Social Security data could improve accuracy. Committee leaders praised the board’s work and said they wanted to meet before session to discuss possible statutory changes to improve voter list maintenance.