Video & Transcript Research : 'cold case'

Page 193 of 500
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

02/05/2026 - House Artificial Intelligence & Innovation

Artificial Intelligence & Innovation

Transcript Highlights:
  • was talking about the impact on data companies and software companies because of the broadening use cases
  • And that's even literally where the rubber meets the road in a lot of these cases, where these tools
  • Yeah, I think government use cases are some of the best use cases insofar as where the opportunity is
  • In certain cases, those are modified further: low-intensity urban, medium-intensity urban.
  • In certain cases, those are modified further: low-intensity urban, medium-intensity urban.
Bills: HB2452, HB2592
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Commerce and Tourism Mar 3rd, 2025

Commerce and Tourism

Transcript Highlights:
  • This is a real case.
  • Those are our cases as legal aid lawyers. Imagine if this was legal.
  • There is a case that the debt collectors did prevail correctly.
  • the injury that occurred with the hit-and-run in this case was a couple counties over.
  • We have 105,000 cases a year, 276 fatalities just last year alone.
Summary: The Committee on Commerce and Tourism met with a quorum present and considered several bills. It first took up SB 232 on debt collection, where the sponsor explained a strike-all amendment and the committee adopted a Gruters amendment clarifying that email communications may be sent at any hour while other off-hours communications remain restricted. Testimony was sharply divided on a proposed change from “any person” to “debt collector,” with consumer advocates, legal aid, and the Florida Justice Association warning it would narrow Florida’s consumer protections, while supporters said the bill and amendment would address ambiguity affecting businesses. After debate, the committee rejected the broader amendment, adopted the email-only clarification, and reported CS for SB 232 favorably by roll call vote. The committee then heard and unanimously reported favorably CS for SB 126, which would allow prescription hearing aids to be sold and distributed by mail after a Florida-licensed audiologist or hearing aid specialist conducts the required examination, including remotely through telehealth. Supporters said the bill would improve access and reduce barriers for seniors and others with hearing loss, and no opposition was heard. The committee also heard SB 600 and SB 602 on manufacturing, which would create and fund a statewide Office of Manufacturing, a promotional campaign, workforce grants, and related fees; multiple industry and economic development groups appeared in support, and both bills were reported favorably. Next, the committee considered CS for SB 92 on hit-and-run accountability in vehicle repair shops. The sponsor described the bill as a response to rising hit-and-run incidents and explained that repair shops would have to complete a transaction form or retain a crash report for certain repairs, with a clarifying amendment adopted without objection. Prosecutors and law enforcement supporters said the bill would help identify offenders, while auto dealer representatives argued it could impose burdens and penalties on repair shops. The committee nevertheless reported CS for SB 92 favorably. Finally, the committee heard SB 412, the Motorized Wheelchair Right to Repair Act, which would require manufacturers to provide repair manuals, diagnostic tools, and parts to owners and independent repair providers under fair and reasonable terms. Disability advocates and wheelchair users testified that repair delays can leave users stranded for weeks or months, and the committee reported the bill favorably by roll call vote before adjourning.
WY

Wyoming 2026 Regular Session

Joint Corporations, Elections & Political Subdivisions, May 21, 2026 - AM

Corporations, Elections & Political Subdivisions

Transcript Highlights:
  • Chairman Case — present. We have a quorum.
  • Um we we've done cases in in fees.
  • <02:05:54.639> If means is going to vary case to case.
  • If means is going to vary case to case.
  • > and<02:34:50.000> how complex cases from simple cases and how complex cases from simple
Keywords: 916, all
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

FL House Floor Session - 2026-03-05 (10:00AM Session)

Florida House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • I was directed to case law, and I touched on some of those cases with an earlier question from Leader
  • I pointed to the case law. I believe when we were in... I pointed to the case law.
  • So in this case, 1,078, right? 1,078.
  • So in this case, 1,078, right? 1,078.
  • So in this case, 1,000, 77, right? 1,078.
Summary: The Senate convened with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, and several guest introductions before moving into a long special-order calendar. The chamber first considered two claims bills: SB 6/HB 6507 for relief of L.E. through the Department of Children and Families, described as compensation for severe injuries after DCF returned the child to unsafe parents, and SB 26/HB 6509 for the estate of Mark Legata, involving catastrophic injuries tied to FDOT negligence. Both bills were substituted with their House companions and passed overwhelmingly. Members then approved several policy bills focused on child welfare, education, and professional regulation. CS/CS/SB 42/HB 47 required child protective investigators to consider certain medical diagnoses before proceeding in abuse cases; CS/SB 206/HB 851 expanded autism-related training and incentives for teacher preparation programs; SB 556/HB 453 allowed Special Olympics participation to satisfy PE requirements for students with disabilities and clarified marching band credit; SB 688 reestablished licensure and regulation for naturopathic doctors; SB 878/HB 1347 addressed clinical laboratory personnel shortages by aligning more closely with federal CLIA standards; and SB 914/HB 867 clarified that licensed occupational therapists may perform dry needling. Each of these measures passed, most by unanimous or near-unanimous votes. The chamber also approved bills on court administration, public records, financial disclosure, and child welfare. SB 326/HB 131 modernized rules for curators of estates; SB 758/HB 625 updated the composition of the Justice Administrative Commission, with an amendment broadening the judicial member to a judge or senior judge; SB 830 created a public records exemption for certain local government executives and their families; SB 964/HB 6011 revised how gifts and honoraria are reported and, via amendment, restored a percentage-based reporting option for financial disclosures; and SB 1002 clarified that acute or chronic parental drug abuse can constitute harm or neglect and allow courts to order assessment and services. These bills all passed, with SB 830 drawing the most opposition among them. The most contentious debate centered on CS/CS/CS/SB 354, the Blue Ribbon Projects bill, which would create a framework for very large planned communities with substantial conservation set-asides. Supporters argued it would provide a new growth-management tool and economic opportunity, while opponents warned it was too broad, lacked specificity, weakened local control, and could be exploited by large developers. After extensive debate and an amendment limiting data centers in commercial areas, the bill was temporarily postponed rather than brought to a final vote. The Senate also passed SB 530 on lottery operations, SB 1632/HB 1471 on foreign law and domestic terrorist designations after a lengthy and divisive amendment debate over references to Sharia law, and SB 21/HB 218 on land-use regulations tied to hurricane recovery, which preserves SB 180 restrictions in storm-affected counties while lifting them later for unaffected counties.
WY

Wyoming 2026 Regular Session

Senate Revenue Committee, February 27, 2026

Revenue

Transcript Highlights:
  • So if that's the case, I apologize.
  • So if that's the case, I apologize.
  • So if that's the case, I apologize.
  • I lost that case.
  • I lost that<01:31:41.360> case.
Bills: HB0147, HB0127
NH

New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session

House Criminal Justice and Public Safety (02/04/2026)

Criminal Justice and Public Safety

Transcript Highlights:
  • Eventually, that case is going to go to trial in the superior court.
  • Um eventually that case is going Okay.
  • kind of case kind of case >> it<00:12:26.079> was.
  • It might be in most cases.
  • If there was ever a case for officer.
Keywords: 1189, house, all
WY

Wyoming 2026 Regular Session

House Corporations, Elections & Political Subdivisions, February 18, 2026

Corporations, Elections & Political Subdivisions

Transcript Highlights:
  • of Wyoming for not less than 30 days prior to the election at which he offers to vote, and in the case
  • and in the case of an 18-year-old<00:03:35.760> there<00:03:36.000> is<00:03:36.239>
  • <00:04:34.720> of 16-day window, and then in the case of 16-day window, and then in the case
  • We still have the same property in most cases. We're not changing any of that.
  • cases. We're not changing any of that. cases. We're not changing any of that.
Bills: SF0114, SF0102, SF0117
TX

Texas 89th 2nd C.S.

Corrections Apr 9th, 2025

Corrections

Transcript Highlights:
  • And in some cases more drugs than before the tightened rules.
  • And in the case of the inmate who received the narcotics dies from an overdose, a first degree felony
  • In some cases, restitution is delayed due to incomplete or missing victim contact information when the
  • You will see domestic violence cases end up with a guilty plea of burglary with intent.
  • So why is that the case?
Bills: HB153
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Education K-16 (Part I) Apr 8th, 2025

Education K-16

Transcript Highlights:
  • It's unclear if these cases were properly investigated by law enforcement.
  • And so, you know, in the Atlanta ISD case, that case is so egregious.
  • School employees are not trained to handle sexual abuse cases.
  • More and more cases are appearing every day, and children do not know what to do.
  • More and more cases are appearing every day, and children do not know what to do.
Summary: The Senate Education K-16 Committee heard several bills focused on school finance, transparency, student safety, and educator misconduct. SB 843 by Senator Kolkhorst would create a centralized TEA database for school bond elections, tax rates, and project details; supporters said it would improve transparency for taxpayers, while members discussed the fiscal note and suggested adding charter schools. SB 1224 by Senator Sparks would require superintendents to report alleged romantic, sexual, or abusive conduct between staff and students directly to law enforcement within 48 hours, with penalties for failure to report; testimony from advocates and survivors strongly supported the bill and urged that it also apply to private and charter schools. SB 747 by Senator Paxton on behalf of Senator King would require school district policies addressing AI-generated sexually explicit images of minors as cyberbullying and direct the School Safety Center to develop guidance; the committee heard emotional testimony from a student victim and discussed school authority to discipline off-campus conduct and the role of cell phones. The committee also heard SB 1636 by Senator Hinojosa, which would limit use of interest and sinking tax revenues to debt service for voter-approved capital projects and not deferred maintenance; school finance witnesses raised concerns that the bill’s language could restrict needed facility maintenance spending and asked for a clearer definition of deferred maintenance. SB 2185, also by Senator Hinojosa, would expand access to the bilingual education allotment for dual-language programs; district officials and educators testified in support, saying it would remove barriers to funding and better support bilingual instruction. SB 604 by Senator West would require the Permanent School Fund Corporation to publicly track bonds backed by the state guarantee program that are downgraded to speculative or junk status, with West arguing the information would provide an early warning sign of district financial distress. Across the hearing, much of the testimony centered on student protection and accountability in schools. Multiple witnesses described educator misconduct cases, failures to report abuse, and the need for outside law enforcement involvement rather than internal district investigations. Committee members repeatedly discussed extending reporting and safety requirements to private and charter schools, and several witnesses urged independent oversight. No bills were voted out; each measure heard was left pending, and the committee recessed subject to the call of the chair.
FL

Florida 2025 Regular Session

Regulated Industries Mar 12th, 2025

Transcript Highlights:
  • Because you only have the rate of the product in this case water.
  • That's not the case.
  • You could certainly make the case that there ought to be lay people on the board.
  • In a case like that in a very extraordinary and unusual case, I'm certainly agreeable.
  • Last sheriff spoke out during the teco rate case because I like so many others.
Keywords: 999, senate, all
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Labor, Public Employment and Retirement Committee Jun 17th, 2026

Labor, Public Employment and Retirement

Transcript Highlights:
  • Madam Chair, Matt Broadhere for CASE in support. Thank you. Hello, Stephen Boyd.
  • The CASE union. I urge you to vote yes on this bill. Thank you.
  • I'm a member of CASE, and I strongly urge you to vote aye on this bill. Thank you.
  • I'm the vice president of CASE.
  • They want to apply them to all of the 35,000 open cases.
Keywords: 987, senate, all
NH

New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session

Senate Energy and Natural Resources (03/11/2025)

Energy and Natural Resources

Transcript Highlights:
  • In such cases, the contractor receives an unfair advantage over more reputable competitors, and the landowner
  • obtained permit approval crit IIA in an obtained permit in<00:02:32.319> such<00:02:32.560> cases
  • <00:02:33.120> contractor<00:02:33.879> receives<00:02:34.080> an in such cases
  • the contractor receives an in such cases the contractor receives an unfair<00:02:34.680> advantage
  • consumer Advocate can, you know, request information and so on and so forth, that's not really the case
Keywords: 1191, senate, all
KY
Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:31:15.960> is information on it which in some cases is information on it which in some
  • How many cases did Kentucky see in 2024, or just in the last year, how many cases were reported?
  • How many cases did Kentucky see in 2024, or just in the last year, how many cases were reported?
  • <00:34:17.119> were many cases were many cases were reported<00:34:19.560> we<00:34
  • <00:43:19.599> we've the numbers I think in both cases we've the numbers I think in both cases
Summary: The committee first took up Senate Bill 61, relating to swimming pools, but initially had no representative from the governor’s office or cabinet available to explain the fiscal estimate. Senators questioned why the executive branch’s estimate was $4.25 million to $8.5 million while the committee’s internal fiscal note showed little or no impact. When Department for Public Health staff later joined, they explained their estimate was based on a roughly $85,000 cost for a large outbreak investigation, using a 2014 outbreak as a benchmark, and said the bill could increase workload and outside laboratory costs if private swimming pools became more common as rental properties. They reported 822 waterborne cases in 2024, with 8 tied to private swimming pools, and later corrected an earlier figure to 14 private-pool-related investigations over five years. Senators pressed on the discrepancy between those numbers and the projected 50 to 100 incidents, and staff said the higher figure was a ballpark estimate. The discussion also clarified that private pools are generally excluded by definition, while pools held out for rent may be treated as public pools under current definitions. No vote on SB 61 was taken in the portion provided. The committee then heard Senate Bill 13, concerning the reprocurement of managed care organizations for Medicaid. Department for Medicaid Services officials said the bill would require work on a new RFP, system changes, and oversight improvements, and estimated the cost at $2.8 million based on prior procurement spending of about $2.5 million in 2018-2019, with a 10% growth adjustment. They explained that the work is administrative and therefore matched at 50/50 federal-state funding, not the 80/20 rate used for benefits, and said the expense would be incurred whether the bill passed or not if the state proceeded with an RFP. Senators discussed possible savings from reducing the number of MCOs from five to three, but agency staff said those savings were hard to quantify and that provider and member disruption could create offsetting costs. The committee later moved on to Senate Joint Resolution 25, which would ask the Revenue Department to report on the cost of issuing farmers a wallet-sized tax-exempt card instead of a paper certificate. The resolution was adopted by roll call, with all members present voting aye, and it was reported favorably to the floor.
FL

Florida 2025 Regular Session

House in Special Session C Feb 13th, 2025

Florida House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • case law.
  • on this matter, and in... ...that case I will quote from it.
  • The rigid... ...is that case.
  • SO THIS IS WHAT THE DISTRICT COURT SAID IN THAT CASE, US VERSUS TEXAS.
  • , AND I HAVE TRIED A MURDER CASE.
Summary: The Florida House passed two immigration enforcement bills during a special session. Senate Bill 4C creates new state offenses for unauthorized alien entry/reentry into Florida and mandates the death penalty for unauthorized aliens convicted of capital felonies. Senate Bill 2C establishes a state immigration enforcement board, provides $300+ million for local law enforcement immigration cooperation, creates a $1,000 bonus program for officers participating in federal immigration enforcement, and repeals in-state tuition for undocumented students effective July 1, 2025. Multiple amendments were proposed but failed, including protections for Venezuelan TPS holders, DACA recipients, students in critical professions, and conscientious objection provisions for clergy and teachers. Debate included constitutional concerns about federal preemption, equal protection violations, and mandatory death penalty provisions. The session also included a memorial urging DHS to provide 287G agreement training opportunities.
MD

Maryland 2026 Regular Session

Senate Floor Session, 3/20/2026 #2

Maryland Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • that case? Are you familiar with that? that case? Are you familiar with that?
  • case was passed in against Texas? case was passed in against Texas?
  • But the Griggs case, is that a federal case or a state case?
  • What was that court case from 2012? 1971. That's the Griggs case. So the Griggs case was in 1971.
  • >> That's the Griggs case. >> That's the Griggs case.
Summary: The Senate reconvened with a quorum and quickly moved through committee reports and second-reader bills, adopting committee amendments and sending several measures to third reading without objection. Bills advanced included SB 10 on State Highway Administration approval timelines for speed monitoring systems; SB 487 on speed monitoring systems in safety corridors; SB 689 creating a task force on post-release services and re-entry; SB 811 requiring reporting of new home sale prices in multiple listing services; SB 877 authorizing a Baltimore City stop sign monitoring pilot in the 41st district; SB 937, the Maryland Fair Chance Housing Act, limiting use of criminal history in tenant screening; SB 984 barring private immigration detention facilities; SB 465 on out-of-court statements and second-degree assault; SB 187 on pre-release services for incarcerated women; SB 388, the Decade Act, revising multiple economic development and tax credit programs; and SB 844, the annual corrective bill. Most of the floor discussion focused on explaining amendments and the policy effects of the bills. Supporters described the housing bill as expanding second-chance opportunities while adding safeguards, and a senator asked detailed questions about how landlords could screen for serious offenses and sex offender registry status. SB 984 was described as an emergency measure preventing state and local approval of private detention facilities and authorizing enforcement by the Attorney General. SB 465 was presented as closing a gap in Maryland law on witness intimidation and aligning the state with broader practice. SB 187 would rename and expand the women’s pre-release facility into a re-entry facility and require progress reports. The most extended debate came on SB 165, the on-site wastewater systems bill. One amendment to exempt redevelopment properties from inspection was offered and failed by roll call with 27 votes in the negative. A second amendment to require consultation with Maryland Realtors in developing regulations was then offered; supporters argued it would help avoid delays in property settlements and bring real estate professionals into the regulatory process, while opponents said the bill concerned broader wastewater regulations, not just property transfers. The transcript cuts off during that amendment’s discussion, before the final vote is shown.
NH

New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session

House Finance Division III (02/18/2025)

Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:26:51.159> scenario insight on this worst case scenario insight on this worst case scenario
  • <00:28:00.000> scenario probably is also a best case scenario probably is also a best case
  • is even close to a most likely case.
  • like even close to a a most likely case like even close to a a most likely case and<00:43:04.680
  • <00:44:43.640> where the way from as I said a case where the way from as I said a case where
Keywords: 928, house, all
Summary: The meeting began as a Division 3 work session on HB 71, but much of the early discussion focused on whether a previously discussed non-germane amendment could be considered or voted on that day. Members and the chair debated process and notice requirements, and the clerk’s guidance was that the amendment needed a separate public hearing before the full Finance Committee. The amendment was described as requiring DHHS contracts and addenda to include compliance with the Patient Bill of Rights, with a repeal date so the requirement would expire on November 30, 2026. The motion to move OTP on HB 71 with the amendment was withdrawn, and the committee agreed the amendment would be scheduled for a future full Finance hearing instead. The committee then turned to HB 71 itself and heard testimony from DHHS representatives John Williams and Jenny O’Higgins on the fiscal note and policy implications. Members questioned the estimate that the bill could put $12 million to $18 million per year in federal funding at risk, including HUD and Office of Refugee Resettlement funds. DHHS explained that the estimate was based on a broad reading of the bill’s term “specified alien,” which they said was not clearly defined in the bill, so they analyzed it using the federal definition of “alien” and assumed the bill could affect lawfully present non-citizens as well as undocumented individuals. They said the figure represented a worst-case scenario and that they were not claiming the loss was certain. Members also pressed DHHS on whether the bill could affect emergency sheltering in schools, public academies, or institutions of higher learning during disasters. DHHS said the language could create conflicts with federal funding conditions because emergency shelter programs generally cannot impose barriers on who may be sheltered, and they warned that excluding certain people could affect refugee-related and HUD funding. Questions were raised about whether the bill’s language would apply to private institutions as well as public ones, and whether the state could still use schools in short-term emergencies. DHHS said the language was broad, that they could not answer every legal question definitively, and that they would need input from public health and legal staff. No final vote on HB 71 was taken in the portion provided; the committee remained in discussion/work session mode after the amendment motion was withdrawn.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Stay-or-pay provisions in employment contracts 3/11/26

Minnesota House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • completely at the discretion of their employers, high interest rates, attorney's fees, and in some cases
  • In that case, we'll move to our testifier via Zoom, Chris Hicks. sharing it today. Appreciate it.
  • In that<00:12:04.320> case,<00:12:04.480> we'll<00:12:04.640> move<00:12:04.800>
  • that case, we'll move to our testifier via<00:12:05.760> Zoom.
  • more and more what we're lot of cases more and more what we're talking<00:30:33.679> about.
Keywords: 1183, house
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Labor - 03/03/26

Labor

Transcript Highlights:
  • We're currently litigating several cases against the enforcement of stay or pay terms.
  • We're currently litigating several cases We're currently litigating several cases against<00:06:
  • In Senator Mann was talking about the PetSmart case.
  • <00:37:40.480> And that are seen in antitrust cases.
  • And that are seen in antitrust cases.
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
KY

Kentucky 2026 Regular Session

House Standing Committee on Small Business and Information Technology (2-18-26)

Small Business & Information Technology

Transcript Highlights:
  • It's one of as many as 500 cases filed against Meta.
  • It's one of as many as 500 cases filed against Meta.
  • as500 cases filed against Meta. as500 cases filed against Meta.
  • However, that is not necessarily the question that needs to be answered in this case.
  • we enter into with the meta case we enter into multi-state<00:30:57.279> um<00:30:57.520> cases
Summary: The committee met with a quorum to consider House Bill 227, a time-sensitive measure focused on social media use by minors. The bill sponsor, Rep. Matt Lockett, and supporters including counsel for Alliance Defending Freedom, the Attorney General’s office, and the Family Foundation argued that social media is addictive and harmful to children, contributes to mental health problems and exploitation, and that the bill would give parents more control while regulating addictive features rather than banning speech. Supporters said the bill is narrowly tailored, content-neutral, and designed to withstand constitutional scrutiny; the Attorney General’s office said it would defend the bill if challenged and described ongoing multi-state litigation against major platforms. One committee member also described seeing inappropriate AI-generated content on a 16-year-old’s phone as an example of the problem the bill seeks to address. Opposition testimony came from the Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression, NetChoice, and the Computer and Communications Industry Association. They argued the bill raises First Amendment concerns because it conditions minors’ access on parental consent, regulates how private platforms communicate with users, and could function as a de facto speech ban. They also warned that the age-estimation requirement could force platforms to collect more sensitive data, creating privacy and security risks, and that the ban on “addictive features” was overly broad and could sweep in personalized feeds, notifications, autoplay, and other common tools. Opponents said the bill could especially harm vulnerable youth who rely on online access for community or safety information and urged the committee to craft a constitutional alternative. During questions, members asked how the state could enforce the law against national companies and were told enforcement would come through the Attorney General within Kentucky and potentially through multi-state litigation. Members also discussed the bill’s practical effects, including advertising revenue from youth users and the need for guardrails to protect children. The discussion continued with questions about the bill’s scope, parental consent, age estimation, and liability provisions, but no final vote or other committee action was shown in the excerpt.
NH

New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session

JLCAR Administrative Rules (12/18/2025)

Transcript Highlights:
  • >> if you can stick around just in case >> if you can stick around just in case something
  • <00:37:13.440> where metered flows are used in cases where metered flows are used in cases
  • And then for cases where it option easy.
  • :42:14.400> would<00:42:14.560> be those cases, metering data would be those cases, metering
  • So that's one of the was the case.
Keywords: 928, house, all
Summary: The committee began with routine business, including the Pledge of Allegiance, approval of the minutes, seating of an alternate member, and approval of the consent agenda. It then took up Department of Health and Human Services Rule 25188 on New Hampshire Early Childhood and Out-of-School Time Credentials. Staff explained that the rule adopts two new parts to implement RSA 170E:50, which had long required rules. The main issue was an unclear comment created by changes in the department’s amended conditional approval request: language defining out-of-school-time basics and a requirement tied to the New Hampshire Professional Registry training transcript had been removed, creating a mismatch between the form and the rule text. The department said it revised the language so the form and rule now match. A member also asked about the fee schedule, and the department said the fees are sufficient and supported in part by federal funds. The committee then approved Rule 25188 as amended, with oral edits, on a voice vote. The committee next considered Department of Environmental Services Rule 25206, dealing with subsurface wastewater rules and an administrative fine schedule. Staff said most comments had been addressed, but one remaining issue concerned the fine schedule because the prior interim rule had expired years ago. Staff also noted public concerns about septic tank replacement sizes, but pointed to waiver provisions and replacement-in-kind language that would still allow smaller existing systems to be replaced under certain conditions. DES officials explained that the rule package adds the fine schedule into the program rules and that no fines have been brought under these expired provisions for many years. They also described the waiver and grandfathering provisions as intended to protect existing systems and seasonal campgrounds from unnecessary upgrades. A public witness, Christopher Albert, testified that two sections of the rule would harm manufactured home parks and cooperatives. He argued that the new “two people per bedroom” assumption and the minimum bedroom threshold for using water-meter data would inflate design flows, make water-meter data unusable, and increase costs for low-income residents. Committee members questioned both the witness and the agency about the assumptions. DES staff responded that the two-person-per-bedroom standard is meant for individual on-site system design, not citywide planning, and that water-meter data is only useful in larger or unusual facilities. They said the rule still allows flexibility through waivers and grandfathering for existing uses, and that the drinking-water rule cited by the witness was not the correct comparison. No final vote on Rule 25206 was taken in the portion of the meeting provided.