Transcript Highlights:

• competition, and incentivizing increased investment from new entrants, non-traditionals, and traditional vendors
• Duffy, how will you ensure that our acquisition system can keep up at the rate of technology and innovation
• And with the contractor to get that program on track, to get the production rates up and drive the cost

Committee: Senate Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Personnel

Keywords: Air Force modernization, fighter aircraft, autonomous systems, air superiority, national security, recapitalization

Summary: The meeting primarily focused on military procurement and modernization, with significant discussions surrounding the Air Force's capabilities and strategic needs. Key topics included the urgent need for recapitalization of the Air Force's fighter squadrons, as well as the importance of integrating new technologies like autonomous systems to bolster military effectiveness. Several senators raised concerns about the current resources available to the Air National Guard and the potential loss of skilled service members if recapitalization plans are not swiftly developed. There were also discussions on the importance of maintaining air superiority in light of evolving threats, particularly from adversaries like China.

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> issues should be directed to vendor issues should be directed to vendor representatives<01:05:47.599
• reimbursement rates and incorporates by reference the new fee schedule and metrics.
• </c><02:09:54.159><c> which</c><02:09:54.320><c> uses</c> component for PDM rates which uses component
• for PDM rates which uses quality<02:09:55.040><c> measures</c><02:09:55.280><c> to</c><02:09:55.520>
• per bed and so the ancillary pdeium rate per bed and so the ancillary services<02:13:32.880><c> are<

Keywords: 958, all

Summary: The committee first approved the minutes and then recognized a staff member’s birthday and a guest shadowing Senator Adams. It then moved into informational review of Education and Labor Cabinet, Department of Education regulation 702 KAR 3:30, which sets insurance coverage requirements for school district buildings and structures. Department of Education officials explained that districts are expected to carry coverage at replacement cost and said they understand some districts participate in self-insurance pools with backup policies, but they deferred detailed insurance questions to the Department of Insurance. Senators raised concerns that pooled coverage could leave districts exposed if claims exceed pool limits, and the chair asked KDE to follow up with DOI to confirm districts are adequately covered, especially for bondholders. No vote was taken on the informational review. The committee then reviewed emergency ABC regulations 804 KAR 130:01 through 130:04 implementing Senate Bill 100’s new licensing requirements for tobacco, nicotine, and vapor product businesses. ABC and Public Protection Cabinet representatives outlined the emergency rules governing enforcement, license applications, denial criteria, and transitional licenses. Retail industry witnesses Shannon Stiglet and Brian Clark said they support licensure in principle but argued the rules add duplicative requirements borrowed from alcohol licensing, create confusion about transitional licenses, and may be too burdensome for the roughly 7,000 affected businesses to meet by the January 1 deadline. They also said guidance has been inconsistent and requested the agency revise the regulations, remove requirements not grounded in law, and provide clearer, separate processes for new and existing businesses. Committee members asked whether the industry had worked directly with ABC and noted the public comment period was still open. Witnesses said they had communicated with ABC and the Public Protection Cabinet, but responses had been uneven and they wanted written guidance. Members expressed concern about the short timeline and the need to avoid disruption so businesses can operate legally on January 1. Representative Marzian asked for clarification that the discussion concerned emergency regulations already in effect while ordinary regulations remain in process. No formal action was taken beyond receiving the informational testimony and discussion.

Transcript Highlights:

• And our average participation rate is 50%.
• We're not growing assets at double-digit rates.
• We're not growing assets at double-digit rates.
• We've been able to reset assets up the rate curve in this higher rate environment.
• We're doing the deep vendor due diligence.

Keywords: 908, all

Summary: The committee received a compliance and status update on Industrial Commission programs and the Bank of North Dakota. Staff reviewed appropriations and spending for several Industrial Commission funds and grant programs, including lignite research, oil and gas research, clean sustainable energy, grid resiliency, salt cavern analysis, and the new NDSU research and technology park grant. Members discussed the timing of reimbursements, uncommitted balances, and the structure of the pipeline capacity and enhanced oil recovery funding. The Industrial Commission also reported on its administrative budget, grant management system project, and recent leadership transitions across several agencies. Karen Tyler of the Industrial Commission described active grant rounds and the status of major projects. She said the Clean Sustainable Energy Authority approved three projects in its sixth round, with remaining uncommitted cash and loan capacity still available, though no new funding was appropriated this session. She also said the Oil and Gas Research Council approved six enhanced oil recovery projects and expects additional funding after a federal Department of Energy award replaces one project’s state funding. For grid resiliency grants, she said some projects have been funded, some commitments were returned or reallocated, and some DOE funds remain pending. She also updated the committee on the salt cavern business case study, which replaced an earlier larger development proposal, and on the NDSU research park grant, where the nonmatching portion was paid and the matching portion has moved slowly because the match must be in cash. Ron Ness then gave an extended presentation on enhanced oil recovery and North Dakota oil and gas trends. He said production remains steady, but future growth depends on infrastructure, especially gas takeaway and projects like the Bakken East pipeline. He argued that enhanced oil recovery using CO2, natural gas, surfactants, and other methods could extend Bakken production for decades, but that the state needs more CO2 supply, better storage, and updated tax and regulatory incentives. Members asked about lateral lengths, CO2 availability, pipeline impacts, and the role of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, and Ness emphasized that the projects are intended to share technical learning across operators and attract follow-on investment. The Bank of North Dakota then presented its compliance report and strategic update. President Don Morgan said the bank’s mission remains to support North Dakota agriculture, commerce, and industry while cooperating with the state’s financial sector. He reviewed the bank’s main business lines: participation lending with community institutions, student loans, disaster lending, mission-based programs, and a new fintech-focused effort. Morgan said deposits are flattening, so the bank is managing balance sheet growth carefully, while still reporting improved net income and strong efficiency. He also introduced Rough Rider Coin as a bank-to-bank payment rail, not a public cryptocurrency, intended to speed and modernize payments within North Dakota’s banking and credit union system. Committee members asked about student loan eligibility, disaster program use, and how credit lines and liquidity would be affected if deposits shrink.

Transcript Highlights:

• Of, really, because of exchange rates, so it's really a monetary issue.
• We have a subset of sectors that have the highest compound annual growth rates in the entire country,
• And so to capture this amount of both investment, opportunity, and rate of disruption and innovation,
• We have a subset of sectors that have the highest compound annual growth rates. economy.
• We’re at a run rate in the last year of record of saving roughly $550 million in costs.

Keywords: 988, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• they don't have somebody to implement it, are we providing support on the back end to help identify vendors
• Vendors that do that work can help a local unit of government with things like email monitoring software
• Vendors that do that work can help a local unit of government with things like email monitoring software

Committee: Senate State and Local Government

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Our rate stays the same till 2040. So our rate is not going to move on that until 2040.
• Our solar rates are all fixed except for one contract.
• And so then what is the lost evaporation rate?
• Um, so right now the evaporation rate we expect is about 70%, 70%.
• The rates go up about 8%.

Transcript Highlights:

• I believe already has a third-party vendor that does that as well.
• /c><00:17:03.360><c> a</c><00:17:03.519><c> third</c><00:17:03.839><c> party</c><00:17:04.240><c> vendor
• </c> believe already has a third party vendor believe already has a third party vendor that<00:17:06.720
• Two are provided by external vendors, and one is developed and maintained internally by a county.

Bills: SF0058 , SF0061 , SF0095 , SF0107

Committee: House Transportation, Highways & Military Affairs

Keywords: Indian child welfare, tribal relations, sunset repeal, Wyoming law, child custody, sales tax, motor vehicle, family transfer, tax exemption, Wyoming legislation, driver's license, motor vehicle services, third-party providers, Wyoming, regulatory compliance, registration, license plate, electronic system, State Department of Transportation, county treasurers

Transcript Highlights:

• 10.799><c> um</c><00:27:11.120><c> Fisel's</c> Metro State, uh, to work with um Fisel's group and the vendor
• So they're our number one partner, although we are looking at, you know, a little vendor dependence with
• So they're our number one partner, although we are looking at, you know, a little vendor dependence with
• So they're our number one partner, although we are looking at, you know, a little vendor dependence with
• So they're our number one partner, although we are looking at, you know, a little vendor dependence with

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• Is there a high graduation rate?
• Is there a high graduation rate?
• Is there a high graduation rate? >> There is, um, every year.
• Is there a high graduation rate? >> There is, um, every year.
• </c> regarding a commitment from the vendor regarding a commitment from the vendor to<03:17:22.800><c

Bills: HB2118 , HB2473

Committee: House Economic Development & Technology

Keywords: business development, arts, cultural affairs, Hawaii, commissions, administrative transfer, funding appropriation, Hawaiian culture, sense of place, land management, environmental stewardship, cultural preservation, 910, house, all

Summary: The committee heard several bills related to permitting and economic development. On HB 2603, relating to permits, the Office of Planning and Sustainable Development said it supported the measure with comments. Committee discussion focused on the fact that the state’s facilitated permit process appears to have been rarely or never used, the need to identify specific projects that would use it, and whether DBEDT would need dedicated staffing to administer it. DBEDT said it had found no projects under the current process, had no capacity to run the program as structured, and estimated it would need about 7 to 9 FTEs, including permitting, coordination, data, systems, and possibly legal support. The chair suggested exploring a staff assignment and comparing the concept to federal FAST-41-style expedited permitting. On HB 2140, relating to essential permitting positions, the Office of Planning and Sustainable Development again supported the bill with comments. Testimony and questioning centered on a pilot program to help counties pay competitively for permitting staff. A DBEDT representative said the issue of competitive pay affected both county and state permitting offices and that the bill was intended as a temporary pilot, though a more permanent solution would be preferable. When asked how counties would fund the salary support, the witness said that was not yet discussed with the counties and agreed to follow up. The committee also noted the bill applies to participating counties. On HB 2598, relating to the Hawaii Technology Development Corporation, the State Procurement Office and HTDC offered comments, and the Department of the Attorney General raised constitutional concerns. The AG said the bill’s residency-based certification requirements, when tied to procurement, could implicate the dormant Commerce Clause, and that the required 1% contribution tied to state contracts raised unconstitutional-conditions concerns. In questioning, the AG characterized these as legal risks rather than automatic lawsuits. The committee did not take a vote. The committee then heard HB 2141, relating to state enterprise zones. Taxation, DBEDT, HCDA, the University of Hawaii Cancer Center, and HTDC testified in support, while the Tax Foundation noted the program was intended to help economically depressed areas create jobs. HTDC said the bill would help preserve the Maui Research and Technology Center’s enterprise-zone status after rezoning. Committee discussion focused on whether the enterprise zone program is being used effectively, how the bill might attract businesses to areas where the state is investing, and whether the program’s labor requirements are too burdensome for new businesses. DBEDT explained that the program requires a 10% workforce increase in the first year, which must be sustained, and said it promotes the program through county coordinators and in-person outreach. No votes or final actions were taken in the portion provided.

Transcript Highlights:

• then used by the Department of Health and Welfare to purchase vaccines from the CDC at a discounted rate
• It requires a report for the immunization assessment funds, identifying vaccine utilization rate and
• a cost savings analysis process. ...identifying vaccine utilization rate and cost savings analysis for
• that then they work with the department so they can get vaccines in bulk, so they do get a better rate
• lane and potentially could be written narrowly that it would maybe unintentionally benefit a single vendor

Keywords: 989, all

Summary: The committee first approved a $3,700 dedicated-fund enhancement for the Endowment Fund Investment Board to replace a high-end laptop. It then took up several Department of Lands items. A $125,000 supplemental for Forest and Range Fire Protection to help stand up firefighters was rejected after concerns were raised that prior firefighter bonus money had gone largely to office staff rather than firefighters. The committee did approve a supplemental shifting 1.25 FTP and $160,000 from the Abandoned Mines Lands Fund to the Navigable Waterways Fund to align spending with statutory uses, and later approved a broader FY 2027 Department of Lands package including radio equipment, vehicle storage, a UTV, legal counsel fund shifts, Idaho Geological Survey support, replacement items, and OITS hardware. A proposed substitute that would have omitted the $140,500 general-fund restoration for eastern Idaho fire preparedness failed, but the original motion including that amount passed. The committee also adopted language for the Idaho Geological Survey and later approved Parks and Recreation FY 2027 enhancements for staffing, trail work, a mower, grant pass-throughs, staff housing, interpretive displays, Farragut entrance work, RV campsite development, and replacement items, after questions about federal replacement-item funding were answered by the director. A FY 2026 Parks and Recreation supplemental allowing program transfers above the 10% cap also passed. The committee then moved to the Department of Health and Welfare’s Division of Public Health Services. It approved FY 2027 funding for the Idaho Home Visiting Program, immunization assessment fund restoration, disaster planning and training, fee-for-service lab testing, ARPA multi-year grants, HIV prevention, hepatitis prevention, and a $19,000 suicide prevention restoration; a substitute motion that would have reduced the home-visiting restoration to $500,000 failed, and the original motion passed. The committee adopted reporting language for suicide prevention, HIV prevention, hepatitis prevention, and immunization assessment funds. It then considered the Division of Early Learning and Development, approving funding for Idaho Child Care Program capacity, replacement items, population forecast adjustments, and the transfer of the Idaho Home Visiting Program from Public Health; a separate motion to require an open competitive acquisition process for Idaho STARS was set aside and the committee instead held the language in committee for further work. The committee also adopted language for Idaho Home Visiting reporting, Idaho Child Care Program reappropriation, Idaho Child Care Capacity Grant restrictions, and a transfer-limitation exemption for the division. Finally, the committee began the Division of Family and Community Partnerships and heard a request for $180,000 in federal funds for kinship navigation services to help relatives and close family friends care for children and prevent foster care entry. The transcript cuts off before the vote on that item, so no final action on it is shown here.

Transcript Highlights:

• If you look at Figure 1, you can see that while literacy and math proficiency rates modestly increase
• New Mexico's EPPs were rated low in geometry and measurement and data analysis and probability.
• It is essential to improve educator quality to improve our retention rates of our educators, making sure
• But what I see is really a relationship with a vendor or a contractor that could come in and help with
• We know that our literacy rates for adults are also extremely low in the state of New Mexico.

Transcript Highlights:

• Vacancy rates are high in certain areas, and I know when we talk about federally qualified health care
• had to take over three times more serious disciplinary actions than it actually took to match the rate
• we get an application in and it's not crazy, which I doubt it will be given the fact we've got a vendor
• In 2017, after learning of the low rating of the New Mexico Licensing Board, I asked at the Roundtable
• Our medical licensing board is still rated number 34. in the country by Public Citizen.

Committee: House Legislative Health & Human Services Committee

Transcript Highlights:

• “We talk about rates for general liability.
• If the tax rate is 4%, I can plan for 4%.
• If the tax rate is 4%, I can plan for 4%.
• Are they seeing lower rates of payout?
• Are they seeing lower rates of payout, and are they seeing more affordable insurance rates right now?

Committee: House Commerce

Keywords: 959, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• day, we need to make sure that faux library exists in Los Angeles and prop houses are closing at a rate
• In Los Angeles, prop houses are closing at a rate that we have not seen.
• When those workers help grow the economy and then later become vendors, later become post-production
• Eighty-four were enrolled in college or vocational training, with a recidivism rate of less than 6%.
• extended the contract for a fourth year and placed a total of 234 persons, with an 83% completion rate

Committee: Senate Joint Committee on the Arts

Keywords: 987, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• of 218, you know, that can be used and it is used by localities, for example when it comes to water rates
• you know that's that's a can be used and it is used by localities for example when it comes to water rates
• imagined to happen in our community, from people just doing their job on the streets, from street vendors
• rate, with non-matching signatures the top reason for rejection in that age group.
• And notwithstanding what President Trump wants people to believe, the rate of fraudulent vote-by-mail

Committee: House Elections

Keywords: 988, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• I thought this chamber was about a accountability but it is proven that this chamber is about vendors
• HB 3093 by Villalobos, relating to the calculations, certain ad valorem taxes rates. of the taxing unit
• SB 693A, West Verlander Notaries Public Rating Criminal Offender for the Committee of Judiciary and Civil
• for the committee on rate of means SB 1033 by Hughes ruling the withdrawal of candidate runoff primary
• SB 1810 by Schwertner relating to the Annual Statistical Report for Fixing Title. insurance premium rates

Bills: HB630 , HB420 , HB767 , HB1708 , HB2842 , HB1404 , HB2457 , HB140 , HB333 , HB227 , HB913 , HB201 , HB2198 , HB 109 , HB2763 , HB519 , HB 1261 , HB 1135 , HB1318 , HB2358 , HB2415 , HB2765 , HB2735 , HB3307 , HB1373 , HB694 , HB 1242 , HB272 , HB1437 , HB1888 , HCR78 , HCR12 , HCR128 , HR7 , HR11 , HR37 , HR69 , HR83 , HR89 , HR100 , HR123 , HR129 , HR137 , HR254 , HR258 , HR289 , HR293 , HR318 , HR324 , HR350 , HR368 , HR370 , HR372 , HR379 , HR406 , HR407 , HR432 , HR445 , HR471 , HR504 , HR506 , HR507 , HR528 , HR567 , HR572 , HR591 , HR592 , HR593 , HR603 , HR614 , HR621 , HR673 , HR684 , HR685 , HR687 , HR700 , HR701 , HR711 , HR712 , HR754 , HR757 , HR758 , HR760 , HR764 , HR765 , HR766 , HR767 , HR768 , HR769 , HR770 , HR771 , HR772 , HR774 , HR776 , HR777 , HR778 , HR779 , HR780 , HR783 , HR784 , HR784 , HR6 , HR6 , HR17 , HR17 , HR18 , HR18 , HR49 , HR49 , HR170 , HR170 , HR236 , HR236 , HR247 , HR275 , HR355 , HR356 , HR364 , HR672 , HR690 , HR690 , HR755 , HR755 , HR756 , HR756 , HR759 , HR759 , HR762 , HR762 , HR763 , HR763 , HR781 , HR781 , HR785 , HR785 , SB2 , SB260 , SB569 , HB2 , HB2000 , HB213 , HB222 , HB645 , HB1458 , HB 1022 , HB141 , HB643 , HB3093 , HB1700 , HB 117

Keywords: outboard motors, certificate of title, vessel regulation, Texas Parks and Wildlife Code, marine documentation, HB 420, Texas Water Code, special district, water district, board meetings, meeting location, teleconference, videoconference, remote meeting, public hearing, tax rate hearing, special districts, Cedar Creek Reservoir, county boundary, local government

Transcript Highlights:

• The beneficiaries of the state budget are the endless string of lobbyists and vendors who always have
• others, House Bill 11, a bill to be entitled an act relating to municipal water and sewer utility rates
• And that law was passed so that we could bring down insurance rates.
• It was passed so that we could bring down insurance rates.
• And lo and behold, insurance rates did not come down.

Summary: The House convened with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, quorum confirmed, and several recognitions, including a moment of silence for retired fire captain Bill Guston and a welcome for guests in the galleries. The Speaker then outlined the House’s budget approach, saying the proposed General Appropriations Act would be lower than both the governor’s proposal and last year’s budget, and announced plans to seek a permanent 0.75% reduction in the state sales tax. The chamber also received the governor’s veto message on portions of HB 5001 and began considering motions to restore several vetoed appropriations. Members unanimously reinstated funding for the Florida Senior Veterans and Crisis Fund, the Rockledge Advanced Water Treatment Phase 1 project, the automated staffing/time management system for the Department of Corrections, and the Baldwin sanitary sewer and water main replacement project. The House also adopted special order and GAA amendment-procedure reports. On the special order calendar, the chamber passed HB 289 on boating safety (“Lucy’s Law”), HB 735 on water access facilities, HB 11 on municipal water and sewer utility rates, CS/HB 85 on hazardous walking conditions, and CS/HB 157 on service of process, all by wide margins. The most debated measure was HB 6017, which would repeal Florida’s “free kill” law limiting wrongful-death damages in medical negligence cases. Supporters described the bill as a long-sought justice measure for families who lost adult children and were barred from suing, while opponents argued it was needed to provide accountability and fairness. The bill passed 104-6. The House then took up HB 759, which would lower the minimum age to purchase or transfer a firearm from 21 to 18. An amendment to keep the age at 21 was defeated, and debate featured strong arguments on both sides about constitutional rights, public safety, Parkland, military service, and data on youth violence; the transcript ends during continued debate on the bill, before final passage is shown.

Transcript Highlights:

• We also had 22 booths with 17 different vendors.
• </c><03:11:00.000><c> there's</c><03:11:00.239><c> one</c><03:11:00.439><c> day</c> different vendors
• there's one day different vendors there's one day dedicated<03:11:01.080><c> to</c><03:11:01.279><c>
• The second is supporting online vendors shipping plants out of state.
• in New Hampshire in that that vendors in New Hampshire in that that area<03:53:45.000><c> within</c>

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The Environment and Agriculture Committee held an introductory orientation for members, many of whom were new or newly assigned to the committee. Leadership emphasized that the committee is intended to operate in a nonpartisan, collaborative way, and members introduced themselves and described their backgrounds in farming, gardening, food service, environmental work, water and waste issues, veterinary work, and related fields. Several members noted personal ties to homesteading, livestock, orcharding, food security, landfill concerns, and animal welfare, while others said they were eager to learn the committee’s work. The chair then reviewed committee procedures and expectations. Members were told the committee would generally meet on Tuesdays, with hearings starting around 10 a.m. and often running until about 4:30 p.m., and that absences, substitutes for executive sessions, and email communications would be handled through House rules and the committee’s email system. The chair also covered decorum rules for live-streamed meetings, including professional dress, limiting food and drink at the table, and giving full attention to witnesses. Members were reminded that legislative emails are subject to public records laws and that the committee may soon transition to a new email domain. The chair also explained logistics such as bill folders, committee room storage, and emergency procedures for evacuation or shelter-in-place. No bills were debated or voted on in this meeting, but the chair noted that the committee already had roughly two dozen bills pending, including animal welfare, landfill, policy, and cat-and-dog related measures. Members were told to expect a broad mix of topics beyond agriculture, including solid waste and animal-related legislation.

Transcript Highlights:

• Our vendor partner in this effort, NAVA, has clearly demonstrated that they share these commitments.
• Our vendor partner in this effort, NAVA, has clearly demonstrated that they share these commitments.
• Our vendor partner in this effort, NAVA, has clearly demonstrated that they share these commitments.
• Our vendor partner in this effort, NAVA, has clearly demonstrated that they share these commitments.
• </c><01:36:01.120><c> like</c> there's no experience rating like there's no experience rating like unemployment

Committee: House Fraud Prevention and State Agency Oversight Policy

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• I would love to see us be the drum major, if you will, in terms of dealing with diverse vendors.
• in our state because there are imminently qualified vendors out here that simply need an opportunity
• ><01:15:56.400><c> win</c><01:15:57.440><c> for</c><01:15:58.640><c> diverse</c><01:15:59.040><c> vendors
• </c><01:15:59.520><c> in</c> identify the win for diverse vendors in identify the win for diverse vendors
• out here that simply qualified vendors out here that simply need<01:16:06.640><c> an</c><01:16:06.960

Keywords: 958, all

Summary: The committee heard testimony focused on barriers facing minority-owned businesses and on local programs intended to improve access to capital and contracting opportunities. A representative from the U.S. Black Chambers described disparities in minority spending, argued for more intentional and transparent investment in Black communities, and emphasized the need to disaggregate data, hold officials accountable, and expand tools such as the byBlack certification directory. He also stressed that businesses need technical assistance, resources, and opportunities to grow through mergers, consortiums, and joint ventures. The main presentation then came from Larry Forester and Tyrone of Commerce Lexington, who outlined what they called eight major barriers for minority businesses, including limited access to capital, weak mentorship networks, discrimination and bias, bureaucratic hurdles, branding and visibility challenges, stereotyping, generational knowledge gaps, and limited financial literacy. They described several Commerce Lexington initiatives: the Access Loan Program, which brings small businesses before a pool of 26 lenders; a Minority Business Accelerator to help firms scale and connect with prime contractors; and an Opportunity Exchange for business owners to share experiences and lessons learned. They said the Access Loan Program has funded nearly $26 million in loans with an average loan size of about $62,000. Members asked about bias in lending and how to make contracting and certification easier for minority firms. Forester said applications are vetted by a subcommittee before reaching the full lender group, with attention to completeness and readiness, and that only one lender needs to say yes. On contracting, the witnesses said certification can be burdensome and suggested more hands-on help from the state, relationship-building events that include decision-makers, and incentives rather than mandates. They also relayed policy ideas from a business owner, including culturally informed underwriting, public-private matching grants, supplier diversity enforcement, and mentorship tied to capital access. No votes or formal committee actions were taken in the portion provided.