Video & Transcript Research : 'programming funding'

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WA

Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Oregon-Washington Legislative Action Committee Dec 15th, 2025

Joint Oregon-Washington Legislative Action Committee

Transcript Highlights:
  • Our bridge investment program grant has an obligation deadline where we have to get those funds obligated
  • That IBR finance plan would talk about how we would cover program costs, sources, and uses of funds,
  • Before the end of September, so we can secure those funds, get them programmed for construction, right-of-way
  • within the funding available and understand how that relates to overall program delivery.
  • and we're funding the program 50-50.
Summary: The Joint Oregon-Washington Legislative Action Committee met for a work session and public hearing on the Interstate 5 bridge replacement program. Program staff outlined major milestones, including the recent biological opinion, the Coast Guard’s opening of a public comment period on the Navigation Impact Report, expected decisions in early 2026 on navigational clearance and the final supplemental environmental impact statement, and a possible amended record of decision in 2026. They also discussed the Bridge Investment Program grant amendment deadline, the need for an initial finance plan, and ongoing community outreach and contractor engagement. Greg Johnson announced he was stepping down as program administrator, and Carly Francis introduced herself as interim administrator. A large portion of the meeting focused on design and cost questions. Staff said the program is studying fixed and movable spans, single- and double-deck configurations, and one versus two auxiliary lanes, with final recommendations to be made through the federal environmental process. They said the Coast Guard’s decision is central to what bridge configuration is permittable and to the timing of the updated cost estimate, which has not yet been released. Members pressed for more detail on cost drivers, potential impacts to businesses upriver, and whether the states would need to seek additional funding. Staff said they had reached agreements with four impacted river users, but the underlying evaluation materials are protected and not publicly releasable. The committee also reviewed transit-related questions. Staff explained that light rail remains part of the modified locally preferred alternative and that ridership and operations estimates are being updated using federal modeling methods. They said projected opening-day transit operations and maintenance costs have dropped from an earlier estimate of $21.8 million to about $10.3 million annually because the current model assumes lower frequency, with Oregon and Washington shares split by geography and fare recovery. Members raised concerns about TriMet’s financial stability and the need for a funding plan by fall 2027, ahead of a planned federal transit funding application in fall 2028. During public testimony, several speakers criticized the delay in releasing a new cost estimate and argued the project scope should be reduced if costs continue to rise. Testifiers from City Observatory and the Just Crossing Alliance said the project appears to be avoiding bad news, urged the committee to consider scope reductions, and questioned whether the active transportation and freeway components align with the project’s core purpose. The meeting ended with thanks to Johnson for his service and a transition to public hearing testimony.
MN
Transcript Highlights:
  • with the funds in each preceding funding with the funds in each preceding funding period.
  • programs and support. programs and support.
  • > and<00:25:28.559> be up a program to disseminate funds and be up a program to disseminate
  • So, circling back to the RHTP funding, while it appears to be a helpful program, it is targeted to benefit
  • So again, we welcome the rural hospital transformation program funding to support rural hospital and
Keywords: 918, senate, all
Summary: The Select Subcommittee first took up adoption of three previously prepared nonpartisan committee summary reports dated October 15, November 13, and November 21. Senator Rasmusson objected to the lack of advance notice about the day’s testifiers and criticized the practice of having nonpartisan staff summarize what he described as a partisan agenda. The chair responded that the committee’s purpose is to gather information, not hear bills, and that the summaries were intended as neutral resources for the Senate. Senator Coopek moved adoption, the motion was opposed by Rasmusson and another member, and the motion passed. The committee then turned to the day’s hearing on federal impacts on Minnesota, with the chair focusing on federal funding threats and the effect of congressional budget actions on health care, especially in greater Minnesota. The first presentation came from the Minnesota Department of Health on the state’s rural health transformation work. Assistant Commissioner Carol Broom introduced the team and described the rural hospital transformation program as a major opportunity to invest in rural health, while acknowledging longstanding challenges such as demographics, transportation barriers, and the financing of care. Nitha Moibi outlined the state’s rural health chart book and data showing an aging population, workforce shortages, and many health professional shortage areas, and described proposed strategies including workforce pipelines, bridge payments for low-volume birth hospitals, telehealth access points, mental health urgent care, and chronic disease prevention. Acting Assistant Commissioner Anna Ashby of the Minnesota Management and Budget office explained the state’s application to CMS for the Rural Health Transformation Program, which was created in federal law and awarded Minnesota just over $193 million for federal fiscal year 2026. She said the application was shaped by public comments, stakeholder meetings, and legislative outreach, and included initiatives on preventive care, workforce, care access, behavioral health, and provider financial stability. She also reviewed implementation constraints, including a January 30 revised budget deadline, limits on administrative spending, restrictions on using funds to offset Medicaid losses, and the need to show measurable progress to remain eligible for future funding. The presentation noted that most year-one funding would go to rural hospitals, with additional support for federally qualified health centers, community mental health centers, tribal partners, and technical assistance.
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Intergovernmental Affairs Mar 11th, 2025

Intergovernmental Affairs

Transcript Highlights:
  • While most of our funding is federal, TDHCA does administer four state-funded programs.
  • Those first three programs are GR, the last program is funded through voluntary contribution. from persons
  • renewing their vehicle registration outside of those for state funded programs.
  • The rest of our programs are funded through federal grants, bond proceeds, and appropriated receipts.
  • There has also been programs that y'all have funded, the jail-based competency restoration programs.
Keywords: 1184, house, all
OR
Transcript Highlights:
  • On this slide, you'll see the committed and proposed funding for the program.
  • So there's a billion in funding from Washington that's been allocated to this program and a billion in
  • Beyond that line, then you'll see things that are additionally sort of prospective funding for the program
  • The funds are programmed pretty heavily into many different buckets in Washington.
  • ... ...funding.
Keywords: 907, all
Summary: The committee first received an informational update on the Interstate Bridge Replacement Project from Carly Francis and Travis Brower. They described the project’s purpose as improving seismic resilience, safety, freight movement, transit, and bicycle/pedestrian access across the Columbia River, and said the updated cost estimate is $13.2 billion to $14.4 billion for the full corridor. They explained the increase from the 2022 estimate as driven by construction inflation, a more conservative inflation curve, schedule delays, more detailed engineering, and risk modeling. They also outlined the funding plan, including $2.1 billion in federal funds, $1 billion each from Oregon and Washington, and $1.5 billion in projected toll revenue, and said they are working to obligate federal funds by the end of September. The panel described a first funded phase that would include the bridge, highway connections, tolling infrastructure, bridge removal, and transit design, with light rail to Vancouver still intended but dependent on additional funding. Members questioned the risk of losing federal transit funds, whether bridge design decisions were being made with legislative input, and whether the space reserved for light rail could be used for buses if transit funding does not materialize. The committee then heard testimony on maintaining Oregon’s existing roads and bridges from representatives of Knife River, the Asphalt Pavement Association of Oregon, and CRH. Witnesses said pavement and bridge preservation is severely underfunded, with ODOT needing about $400 million per year for pavement preservation but receiving roughly $100 million annually. They showed examples of deteriorating highways such as U.S. 97 and I-84 and argued that delaying maintenance leads to much higher reconstruction costs, more safety risks, and higher user costs. Knife River described layoffs and reduced work in Oregon because of limited preservation funding, while witnesses also said rising wages, equipment costs, fuel, and permitting delays are increasing project costs. Committee members asked about the role of prevailing wage, diesel equipment, hauling distances, and whether preservation work could be prioritized more effectively. Finally, economist Joe Cortright presented on recent ODOT megaproject cost overruns. He said Oregon has experienced persistent overruns driven by overly optimistic revenue forecasts, heavy reliance on debt, consultant costs, inflation above forecast, and projects that have become much larger in scope than originally presented. He cited major increases in the Interstate Bridge, Rose Quarter, and Abernathy Bridge projects and argued that some designs are far wider and more expensive than necessary. Cortright said better accountability, clearer priorities, and more disciplined project sizing are needed, and committee members pressed him on why agencies proceed with larger designs even when consultants recommend narrower, less expensive alternatives.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Agriculture Finance and Policy Committee 4/7/25

Agriculture Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • It's um program.
  • Paragraph A is an appropriation from the remediation fund to the voluntary cleanup program.
  • Paragraph A is an appropriation from the remediation fund to the voluntary cleanup program.
  • Paragraph A is an appropriation from the remediation fund to the voluntary cleanup program.
  • fund.
Bills: HF2446
AR

Arkansas 2026 1st Special Session

ALC-HOSPITAL, MEDICAID, & DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES STUDY SUBCOMMITTEE Feb 19th, 2026

ALC-HOSPITAL, MEDICAID, & DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES STUDY SUBCOMMITTEE

Transcript Highlights:
  • match with federal funds.
  • match with federal funds.
  • There are programs through WIOA.
  • more hours a month, that they're doing work program participation in a work program or training program
  • People inside of state government all run programs, and everybody loves their program.
Summary: The subcommittee received a brief DHS update on the Living Choices Assisted Living Waiver reimbursement rate process, with Secretary Janet Mann reporting that the new cost reporting period began in January and that DHS has begun provider and contractor conference calls as the process moves forward. The bulk of the meeting focused on DHS’s overview of TANF and, especially, SNAP changes under the federal One Big Beautiful Bill. Mary Franklin explained new SNAP work requirements for adults ages 18 to 64 who are not otherwise exempt, including the three-month time limit in a 36-month period unless they meet an 80-hour monthly work, volunteer, education, or training requirement. She also reviewed exemptions, noted that some prior exemptions were removed while new tribal-related exemptions were added, and described SNAP Employment and Training providers, budgets, service areas, participant characteristics, and outcomes. Members asked about how mandatory referrals will work, whether funding and vendors are sufficient, how cross-program participation is tracked, how verification and recertification will be handled, and how error rates and sanctions will be managed. DHS said mandatory participants will be referred directly to providers, verification will occur at application and recertification, interviews can be by phone, and the department will return with more information on error-rate mitigation and other requested data. DHS then outlined upcoming Medicaid community engagement requirements for the ARHOME population under the same federal law, which must be implemented by January 1, 2027. The department said it is preparing policy, system changes, data matching, communications, and an outbound customer-service verification process, with a soft launch planned for July to help identify who would meet the requirement or need to provide more information. Members raised concerns about notice, local versus centralized decision-making, and how clients will document work, school, caregiving, or medical exemptions. The meeting concluded with broader discussion of the Alliance for Opportunity audit and a shared emphasis on using SNAP, Medicaid, TANF, and workforce programs together to improve outcomes, expand training options, and better connect Arkansans to education and employment opportunities. The committee also discussed extending the audit contract at a future meeting and adjourned without taking any formal vote in the transcript provided.
NM

New Mexico 2025 Regular Session

Other - PSCOC Aug 27th, 2025

Public School Capital Outlay Oversight Task Force

Transcript Highlights:
  • Because when we talk about future funding, are we talking about the funding to construct this project
  • That no future funding would be used for future utility improvements, but that we would fund the severability
  • This program has been challenging, and I think we have seen success with the pilot program.
  • or policy related to this program.
  • Maintenance program. Morning, Mr.
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Appropriations Committee on Criminal and Civil Justice Feb 5th, 2025

Appropriations Committee on Criminal and Civil Justice

Transcript Highlights:
  • I had heard that Program.
  • Program.
  • and support in this program.
  • The thank you is to the Governor and to this legislative body who approved the funding for this program
  • the National UCR program.
Summary: The Appropriations Committee on Criminal and Civil Justice met to continue its review of performance measurement in the criminal justice system. The first presentation, from State Courts Administrator Eric McClure, described how the court system uses multiple data sources to track filings, dispositions, clearance rates, workload, and support services, and how those data inform judge need, budget requests, resource allocation, and court administration. He also discussed ongoing efforts to improve case-level reporting, the use of case management systems in trial and appellate courts, and performance efforts in problem-solving courts and civil case management. McClure noted that the legislature provides dedicated funding for problem-solving courts and for medication-assisted treatment, and that the courts are required to report outcomes and monitor compliance with contract requirements. Melanie Brown-Whor of the Florida Behavioral Health Association then reviewed the medication-assisted treatment program funded through the courts budget. She said the program combines medication with counseling and behavioral supports, serves people involved in or at risk of criminal justice involvement, and has expanded over time to include additional medications and more counties. She reported improved engagement and retention, with more than 10,000 people screened over five years, about 9,200 receiving medication, and over 6,600 successfully discharged. Senators asked about racial and ethnic demographics, hospital referrals, and how services are delivered; Brown-Whor explained that local community providers deliver treatment under contract and that the program is working to improve data reporting and consistency. The Department of Law Enforcement then presented on investigations, forensics, and criminal justice information services. Deputy Commissioner Vaden Pollard outlined FDLE’s strategic plan and major investigative priorities, including cybercrime, targeted violence, crimes against children, mutual aid, and the SAFE fentanyl eradication program. He said SAFE has led to major seizures, arrests, and a reported decline in fentanyl deaths. Director Jason Bundy described FDLE’s forensic laboratory operations, DNA and rapid DNA capabilities, cold case and missing persons work, and the staffing and turnaround-time challenges tied to complex evidence testing. Director Lucy Saunders reviewed FDLE’s criminal history, biometric, incident-based crime reporting, and criminal justice transparency systems, noting that Florida is still transitioning agencies from summary reporting to incident-based reporting. The committee raised questions about Rapid DNA deployment, cold case coordination, and the slow pace of NIBRS/FIBRS adoption. No votes were taken, and the meeting adjourned after the presentations and questions.
MN

Minnesota 2025 1st Special Session

House Agriculture Finance and Policy Committee 3/12/25

Agriculture Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:07:53.199> by that this bill increases a funding by that this bill increases a funding
  • biennium funding, so there is funding in this bill to feed kids in a farm-to-school program.
  • The local food for schools program funding in a spreadsheet, he said, shows the department was supposed
  • <00:25:13.679> you<00:25:13.799> can program funding in a spreadsheet you can program
  • But we did fund them.
Bills: HF1704, HF2052
OK

Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session

Appropriations and Budget Transportation Subcommittee Jan 20th, 2026 at 09:30 am

A&B Transportation Subcommittee

Transcript Highlights:
  • FAA, that then kicks in the airport improvement program funding and allows us to get our grants.
  • We have a lot of partnership grants where the FAA might be funding 55% of it, the state's funding 40%
  • And then, last but not least is the FY25 infrastructure funding, those one-time funds.
  • funds, in the case of Haw E, we have some FEMA funding that we're working out.
  • fund and then the authority fund.
Keywords: 914, all
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Budget and Fiscal Review Committee May 5th, 2026

Budget and Fiscal Review

Transcript Highlights:
  • Now that we have delays in the federal KWF program and reductions in other programs at the federal level
  • Yes, so this program, given the immediacy of the needs, is designed as a grant program.
  • As you noted, the Distressed Hospital Loan Program is a loan program.
  • So that would be part of any grant program or any kind of program that we would want to put together
  • Loan Program was a $300 million loan program over four years for 16 hospitals.
Keywords: 987, senate, all
Summary: The subcommittee heard Assembly Bill 108, a budget bill junior that would amend the 2025 Budget Act to provide a one-time $25 million General Fund grant program through HCAI for hospitals in immediate and significant financial distress. Finance explained that eligible hospitals would need to show less than 10 days cash on hand, best efforts to exhaust other financing, a payer mix of more than 50% government payers and uninsured patients, and nonprofit status. The bill also included a technical change related to property tax deferments for eligible low-income seniors, plus expedited contracting and rulemaking authority so HCAI could move funds quickly. Most of the discussion focused on whether the amount and eligibility standard were sufficient, how many hospitals might qualify, and whether the state was addressing the underlying causes of hospital distress. Members raised concerns about limited and lagging data, the 10-day threshold, fairness compared with the earlier Distressed Hospital Loan Program, and whether hospitals receiving grants should be required to maintain services. Several members cited broader pressures such as Medi-Cal reimbursement rates, seismic retrofit costs, federal policy changes, and the need for loan forgiveness or a more comprehensive hospital support plan in the next budget cycle. The LAO noted that the bill was intentionally narrow and short-term, while the administration said the grant was meant as a bridge until July 1 and that more extensive discussions would continue with the May Revision and the 2026 budget. Public commenters from the California Hospital Association, district hospital leaders, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, and county representatives supported the measure and urged additional longer-term funding for distressed hospitals. After discussion, Senator Richardson moved the bill, the committee voted unanimously in favor, and AB 108 passed 18-0, with the roll held open briefly to secure remaining votes.
MN

Minnesota 2025 1st Special Session

Committee on Finance - 04/10/25

Finance

Transcript Highlights:
  • There's additional spending to the program of $300,000 from the general fund in 2026-2027 and $300,000
  • fund in 2028-2029.
  • Program.
  • fund.
  • We don't have general fund that program.
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
KY
Transcript Highlights:
  • But ostensibly, unlike other federal workforce funding streams, this is not a program that is limited
  • /c> programs, if a program loses programs, if a program loses eligibility,<00:30:09.520> that<
  • KSU is seeking a carveout bill within its USDA-funded land-grant program.
  • <01:30:54.880> Uh<01:30:55.199> and USDA funded land grant program.
  • Uh and USDA funded land grant program.
Summary: The committee met with a quorum, approved the previous meeting minutes, and heard a presentation from Austin Reid of the National Conference of State Legislatures on education-related provisions in the federal One Big Beautiful Bill Act (H.R. 1). Reid said the law is projected to increase the federal deficit over 10 years, with major savings coming from Medicaid, student loan changes, and SNAP. He focused on how those changes could affect schools, including possible effects on free and reduced-price meal certification, state funding formulas that use SNAP as a proxy for low-income status, and Medicaid-funded school services for students with disabilities. Reid also outlined the new federal scholarship tax credit, which gives a dollar-for-dollar credit for donations to qualifying scholarship-granting organizations. He said families up to 300% of area median income may benefit, the program begins in 2027, and states must opt in and designate eligible organizations. He noted unresolved questions about whether states can add their own criteria and said Treasury regulations will be important. He also described the expansion of 529 plans to cover more K-12 and postsecondary expenses. On higher education, Reid explained a new workforce Pell grant option for short-term programs, with states and governors playing a role in determining eligible programs. He said the programs must meet placement, completion, and earnings measures and that implementation is expected to be tight before the July 1, 2026 effective date. He also reviewed student loan changes, including lower institutional loan limits, prorated borrowing for part-time enrollment, new caps on graduate and Parent PLUS loans, and a new earnings-based accountability standard that could make some programs ineligible for student loans if graduates earn too little. No votes were taken beyond approval of the minutes.
FL

Florida 2025 Regular Session

October 8, 2025 - 10:30 AM

Transcript Highlights:
  • IT IS THESE ARE ORGANICALLY FUNDED AT THE LOCAL LEVEL.
  • AND I GET THOSE FUNDS DOWN TO INDIVIDUALS.
  • IF WE HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO FUND EQUIPMENT, FUND PEOPLE FOR A PERIOD OF TIME CERTAINLY WE CAN DO THAT
  • PROGRAM.
  • WITH STATE FUNDS.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • The point is, there are already other resources that go to those funds today under different programs
  • I lead the Texas Water Program for the Environmental Defense Fund, and I am here today testifying in
  • be funded through... ...programs outside of the new water supply fund.
  • so that all eight programs of the Texas Water Fund, including the new Water Supply Fund, can be funded
  • There are seven programs beneath the Texas Water Fund. Many of these are oversubscribed.
Bills: HB3077, HJR2, HJR7, HJR7
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Children and Families Finance and Policy Committee 2/25/26

Children and Families Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • SNAP is a federal entitlement program, never intended to be funded by local property taxes.
  • SNAP is a federal entitlement program, never intended to be funded by local property taxes.
  • If there's no additional funding for the program, we expect that the organizations will need to reduce
  • funding for the program,<00:29:58.000> we<00:29:58.159> expect<00:29:58.399> that
  • to preserve this remove the funding to preserve this program<00:54:05.040> from<00:54:05.280>
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Leg Committee Meeting - 2025-04-02

Legacy Finance

Transcript Highlights:
  • Fund.
  • expand programming.
  • Through this funding, United Hmong Family will be able to expand programs to teach traditional Hmong
  • Additionally, we seek funding support for community outreach safety programs that directly serve and
  • So with that, this funding supports culturally rooted programming, community-driven initiatives, strengthens
KY
Transcript Highlights:
  • Those programs being the economic development fund, or the EDF fund, which underwrites costs associated
  • um being the economic those programs um being the economic development<00:51:08.720> fund<00:
  • day fund. day fund.
  • Uh from funds other than general fund.
  • ,<01:17:12.239> the from funds other than state funds, the from funds other than state funds
Summary: The Capital Planning Advisory Board opened its fourth meeting, confirmed a quorum, approved the prior meeting’s minutes by unanimous voice vote, and then heard information items and agency presentations. The main substantive presentation came from the Council on Postsecondary Education, which outlined its capital planning recommendations for the 2026–28 biennium. CPE staff described the role of Kentucky’s research and education network (Kron), including connectivity to cloud services, Internet2, identity services, and new local AI/inferencing capacity, and argued that the network is now essential to higher education, health care, and extension services. They said the network’s recent upgrades were driven by privacy, security, redundancy, and the need to support modern research and AI workloads at lower cost than commercial providers. CPE also presented its broader higher-education capital request: $700 million for asset preservation and $1.73 billion for new construction, for a total recommendation of about $2.4 billion. Staff said they do not plan to recommend IT projects or equipment in this cycle, despite reviewing 48 IT submissions totaling nearly $1.4 billion and equipment requests totaling $322.6 million. For asset preservation, they said the recommended allocation method would remain based on each institution’s share of Category 1 and 2 square footage, and they noted that the state’s prior facility assessment is now 12 years old, with deferred maintenance still estimated in the $7–9 billion range. For new construction, they said the requests are heavily focused on STEM and health-related facilities that are difficult to retrofit into older buildings. Board members asked about how asset-preservation amounts were determined, including why Northern Kentucky University’s request was much larger than its prior allocation. CPE staff responded that campus size, building age, and institutional prioritization affect the requests, and that schools are asked to submit more projects than are likely to be funded. The board then moved on to an Attorney General capital plan overview, where senior counsel Will Schroeder began describing the office’s technology needs and the office’s prior reliance on a 2020 appropriation to replace legacy systems and improve security.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Capital Investment - 04/23/26

Capital Investment

Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:05:24.360> to funding than the state has funding to funding than the state has funding
  • funding sources. funding sources.
  • And every year we delay funding for this program, it's just going to cost more in the future.
  • every year we delay funding for this program,<01:15:50.400> it's<01:15:50.640> just<01:
  • federal funding for lead. federal funding for lead.
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
WA

Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Legislative-Executive Committee on Budget Transparency and Fiscal Sustainability Jul 20th, 2026

Joint Legislative-Executive Committee on Budget Transparency and Fiscal Sustainability

Transcript Highlights:
  • Near General Fund Outlook... NGFO, or Near General Fund Outlook.
  • for that type of program.
  • for that type of program. states participate To see federal funds for that type of program.
  • left over in the general fund.
  • reserve fund balance.
Summary: The committee held its first meeting, with co-chairs and members introducing themselves and staff outlining the committee’s statutory mandate under the 2025-27 supplemental operating budget. Staff explained that the Joint Legislative-Executive Committee on Budget Transparency and Fiscal Sustainability will receive technical assistance from a nonpartisan organization, with work split into two phases: first on revenue growth, spending assumptions, and cost drivers in the four-year outlook, and later on staffing, overhead, performance management, and public reporting. Members broadly said they hoped the committee would build a shared factual understanding of the state’s fiscal situation, structural deficits, and budget processes, and identify a sustainable path forward for the operating budget. Staff then gave a detailed presentation on operating budget basics. They reviewed the size and composition of the operating budget, noting that most spending is concentrated in grants/client services and salaries/benefits, with K-12, DSHS, HCA, DCYF, DOC, and higher education making up most NGFO spending. They explained the distinction between constitutional, federal, statutory, and discretionary spending, using examples such as K-12, Medicaid, collective bargaining agreements, court-driven obligations like McCleary and Trueblood, and one-time appropriations. They also walked through how the state uses incremental budgeting, carry-forward and maintenance-level calculations, caseload and per-capita forecasting, and the four-year balanced budget outlook, including reserve calculations and the budget stabilization account. Members asked extensive questions about what is and is not included in the outlook, especially future collective bargaining agreements, health care and compensation growth, tort and other liabilities, and whether the state could better distinguish mandatory from discretionary spending. Staff explained that current CBAs and other already-enacted obligations are included, but future CBAs are not; some liabilities are reflected as expenditures when appropriated, while broader long-term liabilities are not fully captured in the outlook because they depend on future policy choices. Staff also noted that the legislature and ERFC can adopt assumptions such as reversions and growth factors, and that an outlook accuracy report is produced every five years to compare projected and actual maintenance-level spending. The committee agreed to follow up on some of the more complex liability and assumption questions. After a short break, Josh Goodman of the Pew Charitable Trusts began a presentation on Pew’s role and approach to state fiscal sustainability. He described Pew as a nonpartisan organization with long-standing state fiscal research, emphasizing its 50-state comparative data, interviews with state officials and experts, and focus on long-term sustainability, reserve policies, and recession preparedness. The presentation was ongoing when the transcript ended.