Video & Transcript Research : 'Committee'

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MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Leg Committee Meeting - 2025-04-02

Legacy Finance

Transcript Highlights:
  • Madam Chair, members of the committee, buenos días.
  • I appreciate that sort of roadmap for the committee.
  • Alright, questions for the committee?
  • We are asking for support from the committee.
  • This committee is adjourned. Thank you.
KY

Kentucky 2026 Regular Session

House Standing Committee on Agriculture. (3-18-26)

Agriculture

Transcript Highlights:
  • committee sub. Can I have a motion? committee sub. Can I have a motion?
  • Chairman, members of the committee. committee. committee.
  • <00:07:10.040> sub<00:07:10.440> on committee sub on committee sub on Uh<00:07:11.880><
  • Jared Carpenter, of the committee.
  • <00:08:41.880> yesterday I was in your committee yesterday I was in your committee yesterday
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • Thank you for consideration of this committee substitute. On the committee substitute?
  • There is a new committee substitute. Senator Zaffirini moves to withdraw the committee substitute.
  • recognized on the committee substitute.
  • After hearing testimony in committee— The Committee on Senate Bill 383 had discussions with the PUC.
  • There is a committee substitute.
NM

New Mexico 2026 Regular Session

Senate Chamber Feb 11th, 2026 at 11:30 am

New Mexico Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • The committee report has been adopted. The committee report has been adopted.
  • Senate Finance Committee.
  • Committee.
  • and referred to the Senate Committees Committee, then to the Senate Finance Committee. ...that Senate
  • Senate Committees Committee, thence to the Senate Finance Committee.
Keywords: 996, all
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Business and Professions Committee Apr 21st, 2026

Business and Professions

Transcript Highlights:
  • Chair, committee members.
  • We need one committee member to show up to committee to establish a quorum so we can vote on bills.
  • Chair and committee members.
  • We don't boo in the committee.
  • The committee bill. Quinn, aye. AB 2774, Committee on Business and Professions.
Keywords: 988, house, all
Summary: The committee heard several bills, with extensive testimony on each and repeated reminders that no quorum was present for much of the hearing. AB 1693 would speed local permitting for retail tenant improvements by requiring review by a qualified professional certifier and imposing 20-business-day approval/denial deadlines; the author and California Retailers Association said the bill would reduce costly delays, and there was no opposition testimony. AB 2010, the SNIP Act, would expand access to high-volume spay/neuter and mobile sterilization clinics by exempting them from certain surgical-room requirements; supporters cited California’s pet overpopulation crisis and rural access barriers, while opponents and the Veterinary Medical Board raised safety, oversight, and implementation concerns and sought amendments. The author said the bill was needed now and not after years of rulemaking, and the committee indicated it would support the measure when a quorum was available. AB 2195 would bar automatic suspension of occupational licenses for low-income parents behind on child support, arguing that keeping people employed is more effective than punitive suspension. Supporters said the bill would help parents pay support and cited evidence that similar driver’s-license reforms did not reduce collections, while the California Child Support Association and others argued license suspension is an important enforcement tool that brings obligors to the table. AB 2311 would allow public health care district hospitals to directly employ physicians, with supporters saying it would improve recruitment and retention and opponents warning about physician autonomy, institutional pressure, and the need to narrow the bill to financially vulnerable hospitals; the author said the bill would level the playing field with other public hospitals. AB 1796 would create a licensure pathway for professional interior designers and add a designer seat on the California Architects Board; supporters framed it as a public-safety and professional-equity measure, while opponents argued it would create confusion, duplicate existing certification, and lacked evidence of consumer harm. After a quorum was established, the committee voted AB 1796 out on a due-pass motion to Appropriations, with several members voting aye and the bill left on call. AB 1739 would make it a crime for clergy providing therapeutic services to engage in sexual contact with a current or former counselee within two years, aligning clergy counseling with existing rules for other licensed professionals. Supporters described personal experiences of abuse and said the bill closes a gap in the law without regulating religious doctrine, while no opposition testimony was heard; the committee moved the bill due pass as amended to Appropriations, with some members not voting and the bill left on call. The committee also began hearing AB 2497, which would modernize the Physical Therapy Practice Act by expanding direct access and other practice authorities, but the transcript cuts off before the full testimony and any action on that bill.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • Sir, King. moves it that bill got a committee sub I'm sorry Sarah Milton sends up the committee substitute
  • The committee substitute makes.
  • I have on this committee substitute, second committee substitute, removed all reference to downcoding
  • Chair, committee members.
  • There is committee substitute. Senator Nichols sends up the committee substitute.
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Committee on Public Safety and Homeland Security Jun 21st, 2026 at 01:00 pm

Joint Committee on Public Safety and Homeland Security

Transcript Highlights:
  • Hill, members of the committee.
  • from your committee.
  • Any questions from the committee?
  • Committee chairs and committee members, thank you.
  • Questions from the committee?
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The hearing focused on a range of public safety bills, with especially emotional testimony on the Maggie Hubbard Rental Safety Act, which would require short-term rentals to be inspected for smoke and carbon monoxide detectors and require platforms or agents to verify compliance before listing. Rep. Hadley Luddy, Sen. Julian Cyr, and the Hubbard and Waldron families described the fatal Airbnb fire that killed Shannon Hubbard and her daughter Maggie in New York, saying the deaths were preventable and that the bill would save lives. Committee members expressed sympathy and support for the families’ efforts to turn their loss into legislation. The committee also heard testimony on a proposed peace officer oath (S. 1680), described by Sen. Lydia Edwards as a binding ethical standard tied to certification and recertification, with discipline and annual reporting to promote accountability and de-escalation. Rep. Tom Walsh testified for a bill requiring hotel and motel workers to be trained to recognize human trafficking and to post hotline signage, and later testimony supported a school safety data grant program to provide first responders with standardized, up-to-date school maps for emergencies. Another major topic was a bill to allow temporary door-locking devices in public buildings; supporters said the devices are removable, do not alter fire code, and could improve lockdown response during active shooter events. Additional bills discussed included measures to transfer the Office of Emergency Medical Services to EOPSS, increase penalties for unlicensed hood-system cleaning, expand membership on the Massachusetts Fire Training Council, and strengthen confidentiality for peer support and critical incident stress debriefings. Firefighters and fire chiefs also supported a bill to tighten penalties for violations of hot-work regulations, citing the 2014 Beacon Street fire that killed Lt. Walsh and Firefighter Kennedy. Law enforcement groups backed a package including a Blue Star plate and Blue Alert system for fallen officers’ families, stronger move-over penalties, and a memorial fund, while the State Police Association supported the move-over provisions but asked for further work on the special state police officer bill before final action. No votes were taken during the hearing.
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • So I will bring it back to the committee. Members? To the committee members, we do not have quorum.
  • Chair, committee members.
  • Good morning, committee members.
  • Good morning. committee member. introduce. Professor? Thank you. Good morning, committee members.
  • I'll bring it back to the committee. Not seeing anyone. I'll bring it back to the committee. Ms.
Summary: The Assembly Committee on Housing and Community Development heard a long agenda focused mainly on housing production, higher education facilities, homelessness, and permitting reform. Early items included AB 6, which would direct HCD to convene a working group on allowing three- to ten-unit “missing middle” housing to be built under the Residential Code rather than the Building Code; AB 48, a higher education bond proposal that would fund campus repairs, modernization, disaster recovery, and student/employee housing; and AB 76, which would clarify a Chula Vista university innovation district exemption so the project can include academic buildings and housing without conflicting with surplus land rules. Supporters emphasized affordability, cost savings, student housing needs, and access to education, while members raised questions about implementation, affordability requirements, and project scope. The committee later took votes on these items, with AB 6, AB 48, and AB 76 all moving forward on unanimous or near-unanimous votes to Appropriations. Members also heard AB 595, which would create a state homeownership tax credit pilot to support affordable for-sale housing. The author and supporters argued that California’s homeownership rate is at historic lows and that the bill would help close racial wealth gaps by financing homes working families can buy. The committee approved AB 595 and sent it to Appropriations. The consent calendar, including several other housing-related bills, was also approved unanimously. A major portion of the hearing was devoted to AB 1165, the California Housing Justice Act of 2025, which would require ongoing state investment and a financing plan to address homelessness and housing affordability. The author and witnesses described the scale of homelessness, the limits of one-time funding, and the need for sustained, accountable funding streams. After testimony from housing advocates and people with lived experience, the committee passed AB 1165 on a 10-0 vote to Appropriations. Finally, the committee heard AB 609, a CEQA reform bill that would create a simplified exemption for qualifying infill housing projects in already developed areas. Supporters framed it as a targeted way to reduce delays and costs for housing near jobs and transit, while opponents from environmental justice, labor, and tribal groups warned it could reduce public participation, weaken protections for disadvantaged communities, and create consultation concerns for tribal cultural resources. The author said the bill would not change zoning or affordability tools and would continue to work with opponents on amendments. The bill was moved forward after extensive discussion, with members noting ongoing negotiations on tribal consultation and labor concerns.
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Informal House Session 85 Jun 21st, 2026 at 11:00 am

Massachusetts House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Report of the Committee on Rules.
  • Report of the Committee on Rules.
  • Port a committee.
  • Port a committee.
  • Port of committee.
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The House began with the Pledge of Allegiance and then took up several Committee on Rules reports extending committee reporting deadlines on various House orders. The House suspended the rules as needed and adopted each extension, including for the Committees on Aging and Independence, Consumer Protection and Professional Licensure, Housing, and Transportation. The House also concurred in several Senate petitions referred under Joint Rule 12, including proposals on charter school funding, a Salem police retirement, utility shut-off protections during extreme heat, and seatbelt education for passengers in large vehicles. The Committee on Steering, Policy and Scheduling reported four local bills for House consideration: legislation concerning employees of the Dedham-Westwood Water District, the membership of the Prim Board, the Williamstown Library Trustees, and rodeos. After suspending Rule 7A, the House gave each bill a second reading and ordered them to a third reading. The House then passed several local bills to be engrossed, including measures on the Cotuit Fire District water commissioners, the town charters of Acushnet and Provincetown, the elected term of Holden’s moderator, and a bill designating Veterans Suicide Awareness and Remembrance Day, which was amended to add an emergency preamble. The House also adopted an amendment substituting a new bill for House Bill 2244, relating to making the Chicopee city charter gender neutral, and passed the amended bill to be engrossed. Later, the House considered and enacted additional measures, including House Bill 4530 making fiscal year 2025 supplemental appropriations, House Bill 4531 establishing the 2026 state primary election day, and House Bill 3298 designating July 2 as Machado-Joseph Disease Awareness Day. The session ended with the House adopting an adjournment order and adjourning to meet the following Monday at 11 a.m. in informal session.
MN

Minnesota 2025 1st Special Session

House Floor Session 5/6/25 - Part 2

Minnesota House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • The Senate has appointed such committee.
  • That is my motion. conference committee of four members of conference committee of four members of the
  • the House to meet with a like committee the House to meet with a like committee appointed<00:04:
  • , to the committee on commerce, finance, and<00:05:10.280> policy.
  • <00:05:18.320> on being referred to the committee on being referred to the committee on workforce
Keywords: 1183, house
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Committee on Health Care Financing Jun 21st, 2026 at 11:00 am

Joint Committee on Health Care Financing

Transcript Highlights:
  • I am proud of the efforts of the co-chairs of this committee, the committee overall, and the legislature
  • I am proud of the efforts of the co-chairs of this committee, the committee overall, and the legislature
  • , particularly over the of the co-chairs of this committee, the committee overall, and the legislature
  • Members of the committee? Thank you. Thank you. Any questions? Members of the committee?
  • The committee is recorded on the state website, so we can go back and review it, and the committee members
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The Joint Committee on Health Care Financing held a public hearing on 16 bills, with the chairs noting a busy legislative day and asking speakers to keep testimony brief. The committee first heard testimony on Senate 860/House 1405, the Medicare for All bill, with Sen. Jamie Eldridge and many advocates, clinicians, municipal officials, and patients arguing that a single-payer system would make care a right, reduce administrative waste, lower costs, and protect residents from rising premiums, medical debt, and hospital closures. Several speakers cited the Steward hospital crisis, affordability problems, and polling or ballot questions showing public support for single-payer coverage. No vote was taken during the hearing. The committee then took testimony on S. 863, a bill on non-opioid options for chronic pain. Pain specialists, patients, and advocates said the bill would improve care coordination for MassHealth members, expand access to non-opioid medications, require provider education, and collect data on chronic pain. Testifiers described long delays in diagnosis and treatment, stigma toward pain patients, and the need for multidisciplinary care and transportation support. Again, the committee heard testimony only and took no action. A large portion of the hearing focused on H. 1360/S. 869, which would prevent discrimination against people with disabilities in health care. Disability advocates, clinicians, and patients described being denied or delayed care, pressured into DNR orders, or treated based on assumptions about quality of life rather than medical facts. Speakers referenced COVID-era crisis standards of care, discriminatory metrics, and personal stories involving canceled procedures, inadequate accommodations, and poor treatment in hospitals. Committee members thanked speakers for their testimony and said they would review the bill and its implications, but no vote was announced. The committee also heard testimony on H. 1399, an individual Medicare marketplace option for municipal retirees, where supporters said it would give cities and towns a lower-cost alternative for retiree health benefits through HRAs and individual Medicare plans. The hearing then returned to Medicare for All testimony, with additional supporters repeating arguments about cost, access, municipal budget pressure, and the need for global budgeting and universal coverage. The transcript ends with continued testimony and no recorded committee vote or final action on any bill.
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

Senate Floor Session 04-14-2026 10:00am

Hawaii Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • /c><00:03:59.120> 3810 >> Standing Committee Report number 3810 >> Standing Committee
  • Committee. Committee.
  • Standing Committee Report number Standing Committee Report number 3697<00:18:30.760> for<00:18
  • > including >> Your committee has is including >> Your committee has is including
  • >> On page 29, Standing Committee Report >> On page 29, Standing Committee Report number<
Keywords: 912, senate, all
VT

Vermont 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Session - 2026-05-15 - 10:00AM

Vermont Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Committee on Appropriations. Committee on Appropriations.
  • > that Committee Committee concurred with that Committee Committee concurred with that change.
  • the Committee on Judiciary. the Committee on Judiciary.
  • Does the committee Resources Committee.
  • Committee report. Committee report.
Keywords: 927, senate, all
TX

Texas 89th 2nd C.S.

Ways & Means Apr 14th, 2025

Ways & Means

Transcript Highlights:
  • The committee substitute is withdrawn.
  • The committee substitute is withdrawn.
  • Thank you, Chair, committee.
  • Thank you, committee. I do. Representative Alders said, “Thank you, committee.
  • Chairman, committee, thank you. Thank you so much. Mr. Chairman, committee, thank you.
Summary: The committee heard a long series of bills, most of them expanding or adjusting hotel occupancy tax or qualified hotel project authority for specific local governments. Measures discussed included HB 2404 for Childress County; HB 3066 for Allen’s Kalahari resort project; HB 4682 for Plano; HB 4683 for Anna; HB 3076 creating a project finance zone in Frisco; HB 3567 for Wichita County; HB 3715 for McAllen; HB 1039 for Alpine; HB 3182 for Burleson; HB 4926 for Grimes County; HB 4222 for Victoria County; HB 3377 for Katy; HB 4659 for Addison; HB 3241 for Georgetown; HB 4098 for Taylor; HB 3178 for Kerr County; HB 3179 for Mason County; HB 2289 for New Braunfels; HB 4412 for Kermit; HB 5165 for Monahans; HB 3500 for Bastrop; and HB 3169 for Carrollton. In each case, authors and local officials described tourism, convention, hotel, airport, or mixed-use development needs and argued the bills would help attract visitors, investment, and jobs. One non-hotel-tax bill, HB 4226, would exempt Texas food banks from sales tax on vehicle purchases and rentals, with testimony emphasizing the scale of food bank operations and the savings’ impact on meal delivery and disaster response. Testimony was generally supportive from city officials, economic development representatives, and industry groups such as the Texas Hotel and Lodging Association. Several witnesses described major private projects, including Kalahari in Allen, a proposed hotel and conference center in Addison, a mixed-use project in Georgetown, and a large development tied to Samsung growth in Taylor. For HB 4226, food bank representatives said the bill would help them purchase refrigerated trucks and other delivery vehicles, while an opponent questioned the fiscal note and the scope of the exemption. HB 4926 drew opposition from Camp Allen, whose representative argued a new county hotel tax would raise costs for guests and could hurt the retreat center’s operations. HB 3178 also drew an objection from a Kerr County resident who argued the tax would grow county government and pointed to event center losses, though the author said the revenue would support tourism-related county uses. The committee took no final votes on the bills in this transcript. After each bill was laid out and testimony concluded, the chair repeatedly asked whether there was objection to leaving the bill pending; in each instance, no objection was heard, and the bills were left pending. Several committee substitutes were offered and then withdrawn or noted as conforming drafts, but no bill was reported out or otherwise acted on beyond being left pending.
NM

New Mexico 2025 Regular Session

House - Health and Human Services Feb 3rd, 2025

House Health & Human Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • House Bill 72 (HB 72) is a bill that would establish a committee, a statewide committee, to address the
  • As the committee begins to take shape, we anticipate that the committee will look at what's happened
  • committees.
  • And so committees might be good. In fact, I think committees are good.
  • to our Health Committee...
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Housing Committee Jun 16th, 2026

Housing

Transcript Highlights:
  • We gladly accept committee amendments.
  • I look forward to talking to you in this next committee and my local gov committee to try to address
  • And once again, you did accept the committee amendments? I do accept committee amendments, yes.
  • I've worked with the committee, and I want to thank the committee for their hard work.
  • I've worked with the committee and I want to thank the committee for their hard work.
Keywords: 987, senate, all
Summary: The committee heard several housing-related bills, beginning with AB 2002, which would clarify and extend the Regional Early Action Planning (REAP 1.0) grant program to support regional governments, cities, and counties with housing element planning and technical assistance. Supporters from SCAG and CalCOG said REAP helped jurisdictions meet housing obligations and build capacity, while the California Building Industry Association opposed unless amended over concerns the bill could create additional local constraints. The committee discussed accepted amendments, including emergency and permanent regulations, suballocation to subregions, and a three-year expenditure deadline. The bill was moved on a do-pass-as-amended basis and kept on call, along with the consent calendar. AB 1684 would bar homeowners associations from restricting a homeowner’s ability to install, use, or replace a home cooling system. Supporters argued cooling is a health and safety necessity during extreme heat, especially for vulnerable residents, while opposition from the Community Associations Institute said the bill needed more clarity on electrical capacity, permits, and common-area placement of equipment. Committee amendments were summarized to require licensed electrical contractors where permits are needed, preserve HOA authority over unpermitted or unsafe installations, and require disclosure to buyers. The bill was approved on a do-pass-as-amended motion to Senate Judiciary and kept on call. AB 1710 would extend SB 330-style vesting protections to state and regional agencies so housing projects are not subject to later regulatory changes after the entitlement process begins, except for certain health, safety, and environmental exceptions. Supporters said it would reduce delays and costs in housing development, while special districts and water agencies opposed unless amended, warning the bill could improperly freeze later state, regional, or federal requirements. Senators raised concerns about overbreadth and operational conflicts, but the bill was moved do-pass as amended to Senate Local Government and kept on call. The committee also heard and advanced AB 2263, authorizing the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority to develop employee housing with a preference for employees and annual reporting; AB 2270, which would adjust tax credit scoring for farmworker housing to reflect rural realities; AB 2118, which would refine AB 2011 streamlined approval rules for mixed-use and affordable housing; and AB 2050, the HOA reserve-funding bill, which would require associations to build reserves over time and add notice and safeguards, but drew opposition over enforcement and foreclosure concerns. Each of those bills was moved forward with amendments and kept on call for absent members.
KY

Kentucky 2026 Regular Session

House Legislative Session Day 37 (3-2-26)

Kentucky House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • House Committee Substitute 1 is adopted. House Committee Substitute 1 is adopted.
  • House Committee Substitute 1. House Committee Substitute 1.
  • The next order of business is a meeting of the Committee on Committees and Rules Committee.
  • The House stand in recess for a meeting of the Committee on Committees and the Rules Committee at the
  • The next order of business is the report of the Committee on Committees and Rules Committee.
Keywords: 958, all
Summary: The House convened with an invocation and pledge, established a quorum with 95 members present, excused absent members, and suspended the rules to allow co-sponsorships and vote modifications. The chamber also received notice that the Senate had passed Senate Bills 33, 37, and 56 and requested concurrence, and it approved the journal from February 27, 2026. The House then considered several bills. House Bill 648, relating to motor vehicle dealers, was explained as closing loopholes in warranty compensation for class 7 and 8 heavy-duty truck dealers; it passed 94-0. House Bill 299, relating to machine gun conversion devices or “Glock switches,” was amended by House Committee Substitute 1, described as mirroring existing federal law so local law enforcement can enforce it; it passed 65-25, with one member explaining support as a constitutional gun restriction. House Bill 282, “Troy’s Law,” relating to vehicle lights for tow trucks, was amended to allow green flashing, rotating, or oscillating lights for wreckers and was presented as a safety measure honoring tow operators killed or injured on highways; it passed unanimously. House Bill 658, relating to limited commercial driver’s licenses for agricultural businesses, was amended with clarifying language and passed 93-0. House Bill 519, relating to a voluntary notation on driver’s licenses or IDs for people with communication disorders, was described as a non-stigmatizing safety tool for first responders and passed 92-0. House Bill 246, “Keion’s Law,” requiring animal control officers to receive training to identify and report child abuse and neglect, was amended to address county liability concerns and passed 85-0 after testimony about child maltreatment data and the link between animal abuse and child abuse. After the bills, the House took up additional business, including moving House Bills 619 and 651 from Appropriations and Revenue for second reading. The chamber also adopted Citation 52 recognizing the Model Laboratory School Personal Finance Team for winning a state competition, and Citation 51 honoring the Blueprint for Kentucky’s Children and Children’s Advocacy Week. Members announced committee meetings, an Americans for Prosperity Kentucky reception, and a Women’s History Month recognition highlighting Martha Layne Collins as Kentucky’s first and only female governor.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Finance - 04/21/25

Finance

Transcript Highlights:
  • questions you or the committee may have. questions you or the committee may have.
  • the committee? Senator D. the committee? Senator D.
  • Are there questions from<00:27:00.240> committee? from committee? from committee?
  • Committee.
  • committee on taxes. committee on taxes.
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Education K-16Audio only. Apr 23rd, 2025

Education K-16

Transcript Highlights:
  • Members, there is a new committee substitute for Senate Bill 1224.
  • Campbell sends up the committee substitute for Senate Bill 1224.
  • So the committee substitute for 1224. Adds private schools to the bill.
  • If not, then Vice Chair Campbell has sent up the committee substitute.
  • to explain the changes in the new committee substitute.
WV

West Virginia 2026 Regular Session

Senate in Session Mar 14th, 2026 at 09:19 pm

West Virginia Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Reports from standing committees.
  • Reports of standing committees.
  • Do you know if the committee amendment has a time frame,… Do you know if the committee amendment has
  • In the committee amendment, I'm not as familiar with the committee amendment, but… I'm not as familiar
  • Engrossed Committee Substitute for Committee Substitute for House Bill 5453 to modify the school aid
Keywords: 994, senate, all
Summary: The Senate considered and passed House Bill 4245, the Department of Revenue rules bundle covering 27 rules from six agencies. Members withdrew the committee amendment, adopted a floor amendment making changes to two lottery rules and one tax rule related to pre-need cemetery companies, then passed the bill 30-1. The Senate also adopted a title amendment and made the bill effective from passage by a 31-0 vote. Later, when the House rejected the Senate’s amendments, the Senate receded from its amendments and again passed the bill, making it effective from passage. The chamber also adopted several concurrent resolutions from the Rules Committee, including studies on school finance transparency, divorce grounds, the Southern West Virginia water crisis, athletic trainer access in public secondary schools, the eastern gray fox population, upland game bird stamp purchases, and the Public Service Commission. Senate Concurrent Resolution 50, calling for a study of the PSC, was also adopted. In addition, the Senate passed House Bill 5381, which expands the Office of Energy’s role to develop a comprehensive energy policy and grid stabilization plan, and House Bill 5412, the Future Ready Education Act, after amending it to require annual vocational and agriculture offerings unless not viable and to set science-of-reading training requirements for K-5 literacy teachers by 2028-29. The Senate passed House Bill 845, a supplemental appropriation to the Governor’s Office Civil Contingent Fund, after concurring in a House amendment that reappropriated federal match grant funds and increased the civil contingency surplus fund from $15 million to $25 million; it was made effective from passage. The chamber also concurred in House amendments to House Bill 4106 on constitutional carry for 18- to 20-year-olds, House Bill 4004 creating the Recharge West Virginia training reimbursement program, House Bill 5453 revising the school aid funding formula for special education weighting, and other measures including House Bill 4009 on portable benefits, Senate Bill 164 on substitute teacher definitions, and House Bill 4606 on pretrial release for certain felonies. A lengthy debate centered on House Bill 4198, the E-Verify Safe Harbor Act. The Judiciary Committee amendment would have required public and certain private employers to use E-Verify, while a further amendment from the Senator from Randolph would have limited the mandate to public employers and made E-Verify optional for private employers with liability protections for good-faith use. After extensive discussion about small business impacts, federal-state conflicts, and enforcement, the Senate adopted the Randolph amendment and then passed the bill 31-3, with a title amendment also adopted. The Senate later refused to concur in House amendments to House Bill 4010, concurred in House amendments to House Bill 5438, receded from amendments to House Bill 4765, and adjourned sine die.