Video & Transcript Research : 'resource development'

Page 162 of 500
MN

Minnesota 2025 1st Special Session

Committee on Higher Education - 02/27/25

Higher Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • It also requires community mental health resources and campus resources to be offered equitably to both
  • there's one called notice and resources there's one called notice and resources letter<00:21:38.240
  • I'll turn it over to Erin Salc, who really... development and continuing education development and continuing
  • <01:35:50.280> and including inadequate resources and including inadequate resources and financial
  • c> food support and develop a team-based food support and develop a team-based approach<01:47:58.440>
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Budget and Fiscal Review Committee Jun 29th, 2026

Budget and Fiscal Review

Transcript Highlights:
  • The next bill is AB 166, which is a Resources trailer bill.
  • The next bill is AB 166, which is the Resources trailer bill.
  • When I was Resources Secretary, one year the resources trailer bill was never approved.
  • And when we don't have the answers, they are very resourceful.
  • Centers, our LGBTQ resource centers.
Keywords: 987, senate, all
NH
Transcript Highlights:
  • Chairman, honorable colleagues of the House Resources, Recreation and Development Committee.
  • This bill allows for localities to better develop resources to address improvements needed due to that
  • This bill allows for localities to better develop resources to address improvements needed due to that
  • This bill allows for localities to better develop resources to address improvements needed due to that
  • It's good to see friends and colleagues on the Resources, Recreation and Development Committee, so thank
Keywords: 928, house, all
Summary: The committee first discussed scheduling and notice for upcoming executive sessions on a larger slate of bills, including plans to take up eight bills in the morning and possibly the last three bills in the afternoon, with caucus time provided if needed. The chair emphasized advance notice, publication, and flexibility if more bills are added later. The hearing then opened with the Pledge of Allegiance and proceeded to HB 568, a bill allowing local planning boards to request water supply studies for subdivisions to ensure water adequacy as housing density increases. Representative Kat McGee, the prime sponsor, said HB 568 was developed after constituent concerns about private wells being affected by nearby development. She described the bill as narrowly tailored, non-mandatory, and intended to preserve local control while clarifying that planning boards may request studies under local regulations. She noted bipartisan support, an exclusion for community water systems and larger groundwater withdrawals regulated elsewhere, and said the bill would help prevent water shortages and related problems for new and existing homes. Questions from members focused on whether the bill should specify that it applies to subdivisions of four or more lots, since that language had been in an earlier version. Testimony on HB 568 was mixed. Bob Quinn of the New Hampshire Association of Realtors opposed the bill, arguing it lacked a definition of “water supply study,” could lead to expensive hydrology studies, and might raise housing costs; he suggested more work with DES or a study committee. DES administrator Brandon Kernin said the department had worked from a 2010 groundwater commission report, that such problems arise only intermittently in certain areas, and that the bill would make explicit local authority to adopt such ordinances. He also said DES data and homeowner surveys can help identify problem areas and that more robust wells could be considered in the long term. The committee noted 10 online submissions in favor and 3 opposed, plus blue-sheet testimony of 2 in favor and 1 neutral, and then closed the hearing on HB 568. The committee immediately opened HB 582, a bill on safety requirements for operation of personal watercraft. Representative Darby, the sponsor, said the bill responds to the speed and maneuverability of modern personal watercraft, which he described as more like motorcycles on water than traditional boats, and cited a fatal accident on Lake Monomonac as an example of the risks. He said the bill is not intended to restrict ordinary recreation or wake surfing, but to update safety standards for a newer class of larger, quieter three-person PWCs. The hearing began with Darby’s presentation, and no vote or final action was taken in the portion provided.
KY
Transcript Highlights:
  • not fully developed when you're born. not fully developed when you're born.
  • Um also keep program to other resources.
  • She's a wonderful resource that we've had, including Frank D'Angelis, who's been a wonderful resource
  • <01:53:31.840> there's<01:53:32.159> funding resource officers. there's funding resource
  • <01:53:40.080> and professional development and professional development and instructional
Summary: The committee opened its sixth meeting of the 2025 Interim Joint Committee on Education, confirmed a quorum, recorded attendance votes, and approved the minutes. Chair Lewis reminded presenters to keep remarks brief because of the full agenda and limited time. The first presentation was from United Way of Southern Kentucky, with Anne Puckett, Craig Browning, and Warren County Schools Superintendent Rob Clayton introducing a regional early childhood initiative. The presenters argued that kindergarten readiness and early childhood support are critical to later academic and life outcomes. They cited research and statistics about brain development in the first five years, the effects of unprepared kindergarten entry, and links between low literacy, school discipline, dropout rates, and incarceration. They said their region’s readiness scores fell during COVID and after a tornado, and that the most effective response was in-home parent education to help families support children from birth to age five. They described the model as voluntary, community-based, and not requiring new buildings, and said similar programs have been successful in Missouri. The group said it had already raised more than $1 million in private donations and committed three years of funding for four additional staff, expanding service in Allen, Logan, and Warren counties. They requested $600,000 per year for the next two-year budget cycle to add 12 more educators, serve about 360 families and 660 additional children, and build evidence for a possible statewide model. Members generally expressed support for the concept, with Representative Tipton and Representative Jackson discussing a prior home-based preschool pilot and the importance of starting early. Representative Calloway questioned whether increased family chaos and government involvement justified the approach; presenters responded that the program uses community educators, not a government-run organization, and is aimed at helping overwhelmed families. Representative Stalker asked about eligibility and early intervention, and presenters said the program serves children from birth to age five and can help identify needs early enough to connect families with services such as First Steps.
WY

Wyoming 2026 Regular Session

Joint Education Committee, June 2, 2026 - AM

Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • You mentioned earlier, Tate, about resources, you know, the possibility of additional resources.
  • In the AI literacy course, there are parent resources or community resources that they can use.
  • community resources that they can use. community resources that they can use.
  • utilizing AI resources to our benefit. utilizing AI resources to our benefit.
  • suite of resources available to them. suite of resources available to them.
Keywords: 916, all
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

AEN-HHS, AEN DEFER Public Hearings 02-02-2026

Agriculture and Environment

Transcript Highlights:
  • Department of Land and Natural Resources Department of Land and Natural Resources in<00:23:25.360
  • We DNR's Division of Aquatic Resources.
  • >> Um Agra Development Corporation. >> Um Agra Development Corporation.
  • And you know, I think Development Corp.
  • Our office stands on our Development.
Summary: The joint Senate Agriculture and Environment and Health and Human Services hearing opened with SB 2093, which would require the fuel tank advisory committee to meet at least quarterly and provide funding. The Department of Health offered written testimony, and multiple supporters, including the Honolulu Board of Water Supply, Sierra Club, and a public member of the advisory committee, said more frequent meetings were needed to keep Red Hill cleanup, water testing, and public engagement front and center. Senators asked about public participation and whether the bill should also require meetings outside business hours; testifiers urged at least one evening or weekend meeting to improve access. No vote was taken during the discussion shown. The committee then heard SB 2095, creating a PFAS working group within the Department of Health to study PFAS and related chemicals and report to the Legislature. DOH supported the concept but requested amendments and funding, while the Department of Agriculture and Biosecurity deferred to DOH. The Board of Water Supply supported the measure and asked to be included in the working group. Members asked about the bill’s reference to “other residuals,” and DOH explained it could refer to remaining PFAS components in soil, water, or other media. The discussion emphasized the widespread and long-lasting nature of PFAS contamination. Next, the committee considered SB 2046 on underground storage tanks and Red Hill-related cleanup. DOH and the Board of Water Supply testified, and a long list of community and environmental groups supported the bill. Testifiers argued the Navy caused the problem and should be held accountable for cleanup, while one witness said the bill was necessary because the Navy had delayed meaningful remediation. Senators asked whether the bill’s “large landowner” language could include the state or counties under existing statutes; DOH said it would check and later explained that cleanup responsibility generally falls first on the responsible party, then on large landowners if no responsible party exists, with the Navy currently understood to own Red Hill. The hearing then moved to SB 2096 on wastewater management, which the Department of Land and Natural Resources supported, noting PFAS can harm marine resources, and DOH’s wastewater branch offered comments. SB 2127 on water pollution drew support from Agra Business Development Corporation and opposition from the Hawaii Cattlemen’s Council, Hawaii Farm Bureau, and others. The main debate centered on runoff, NPDES permitting, and whether the bill could unfairly affect agricultural and public entities; senators and witnesses discussed how heavy rainfall, cesspools, and mixed land uses complicate responsibility and compliance. The transcript ends with the committee still in discussion on SB 2127, with no final votes or actions shown in the excerpt.
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Appropriations Committee on Health and Human Services Jan 14th, 2026

Appropriations Committee on Health and Human Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • So this would help develop the infrastructure for a... ...so this would help develop the infrastructure
  • And it's not currently with the resources we have from the Ryan White program and the with the resources
  • There's just, there's a much less resources available. There's just much less resources available.
  • With additional resources, it would be possible to fill that gap, but with the resources that we currently
  • There’s an amazing resource...” “Florida. And I live five minutes from here.
Summary: The Appropriations Committee on Health and Human Services heard presentations on the governor’s proposed fiscal year 2026-2027 budget for the health and human services agencies. Kendall Kelly outlined the overall HHS budget at $48.5 billion, with AHCA accounting for the largest share, and agency heads then highlighted major proposals for Medicaid behavioral health redesign, APD waiver enrollment and facility needs, DCF child welfare, opioid, and mental health investments, DOEA funding for Alzheimer’s, home care, and community services, DOH funding for cancer research, public health initiatives, and lab capacity, and VA funding for facility improvements, cybersecurity, and medication management. Several members praised specific proposals, including increased reimbursement for private duty nursing, Alzheimer’s supports, and the Florida FIRST blood-in-ambulance initiative. Senators also questioned the proposed changes to the AIDS Drug Assistance Program (ADAP), with the Surgeon General explaining that the department expects a reduction in covered patients from about 30,000 to about 20,000 because of funding pressures tied to rebates, federal changes, and premium tax credit issues. Public testimony strongly criticized the ADAP changes, citing lack of transparency and warning that many patients could lose access to medications. Other questions focused on the Office of Minority Health and Health Equity, DCF’s substance abuse and mental health data dashboard, Kids Care/CHIP expansion implementation, APD bed and facility planning, and the FX Medicaid technology project. DCF said about $7 million is set aside for the dashboard system, and AHCA said the governor’s budget includes $124.4 million for FX maintenance and continued module development, with $13.5 million to begin claims processing work. The committee did not take a substantive vote on the budget presentations and adjourned after questions and public testimony.
US
Transcript Highlights:
  • And she wants to empower every entrepreneur with the resources and support they need to pursue what they
  • Business Centers, Economic and Community Development Institute, U.S.
  • We will make sure that the disaster funds are resourced and accounted for, and that there are no more
  • One of the things we discussed when you were in my office is how to best connect the resources of your
  • To SBA expanding access to resources and loans to non-profits.
TX

Texas 89th 2nd C.S.

Appropriations - S/C on Articles VI, VII, & VIII Feb 26th, 2025

Appropriations - S/C on Articles VI, VII, & VIII

Transcript Highlights:
  • I'd like to begin by thanking you for your ongoing commitment to ensuring the PUC has the resources needed
  • It's going on to the um I know last session we We bumped up a lot of the resources that uh for the agency
  • We did receive some funding for technology last session, especially to develop a low code development
  • You have enough resources to respond to, let alone industry, but the, the public that expects highly
  • And it was a problem in our area, so I just want to Make sure that You have the resources one, but you
TX

Texas 89th 2nd C.S.

Criminal Jurisprudence May 19th, 2026

Criminal Jurisprudence

Transcript Highlights:
  • If not, the first panel is on rural criminal justice workforce development.
  • The first panel is on rural criminal justice workforce development.
  • could be combined. resources we had been given by the state.
  • Public defender's offices have more resources than appointed lawyers.
  • Our team has developed the watchdog program.
Keywords: 1184, house, all
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Energy, Utilities, Environment and Climate - 02/23/26

Energy, Utilities, Environment, and Climate

Transcript Highlights:
  • run the division of energy resources run the division of energy resources which<00:02:38.319>
  • The first being kind of rethinking how we do our resource adequacy metrics and resource planning.
  • The first being kind of rethinking how we do our resource adequacy metrics and resource planning.
  • The first being kind of rethinking how we do our resource adequacy metrics and resource planning.
  • The first being kind of rethinking how we do our resource adequacy metrics and resource planning.
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
FL

Florida 2025 Regular Session

October 8, 2025 - 03:00 PM

Transcript Highlights:
  • Florida Commerce partners with the local workforce development boards to provide work activities and
  • To monitor program effectiveness and for program improvements and allocate resources.
  • boards to further coordinate and collaborate our existing partnership to develop standardized intake
  • Participants reported an average of three employment or professional development goals.
  • Through our revised policy on performance requirements for local workforce development boards, we are
Summary: The Human Services Subcommittee met to receive implementation briefings on House Bill 1267, which was enacted to address benefit cliffs and help public assistance recipients move toward economic self-sufficiency. The Department of Children and Families reviewed SNAP, Temporary Cash Assistance (TCA), and Medicaid-related eligibility and work requirements, including who must participate in work activities, the role of Florida Commerce and CareerSource Florida, and the new standardized intake and exit surveys required by the law. Members also discussed the TCA program’s household-based structure, the 48-month adult limit, and how work requirements differ for SNAP and TCA participants. Florida Commerce and CareerSource Florida then reported on implementation of HB 1267, including the CLIFF financial forecasting tool, case management changes, and survey data collected from welfare transition participants. They said intake surveys showed common barriers such as child care, transportation, and flexible work schedules, while exit surveys showed many participants were employed or had gained credentials, though response rates were low because the surveys are voluntary. A local workforce board, CareerSource Tampa Bay, described using CLIFF in case management and shared a success story about a participant who completed training, earned certifications, and moved into employment. The committee also heard a separate DCF briefing on the federal One Big Beautiful Bill Act and its impact on SNAP. DCF said the law expands able-bodied adult without dependents requirements, changes non-citizen eligibility, ends future SNAP-Ed funding, increases state administrative cost sharing, and may require states to share in benefit costs if payment error rates remain above federal thresholds. Members focused heavily on Florida’s SNAP payment error rate, which DCF said was 15.13% for federal fiscal year 2024 and 12.60% for 2023, with the state currently on a corrective action plan. DCF described steps to reduce errors, including more verification of rent and utility expenses, improved income matching, staff training, and system modernization. No votes were taken, and the meeting adjourned after questions concluded.
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • IHSS providers need all the help and resources they can get.
  • to acquire a property to develop an enhanced behavioral support zone?
  • The department will be taking the lead on developing the training.
  • So if we are redirecting resources, individual— So if we are redirecting resources, individuals to request
  • Working with our community to develop goals and to develop our priorities has really been beneficial,
Keywords: 987, senate, all
Summary: The subcommittee heard an overview of the governor’s IHSS budget proposals and then took public testimony from the administration, LAO, county representatives, labor, consumer advocates, and an aging/disability advocacy group. The administration described IHSS as a large Medi-Cal long-term services program serving more than 900,000 recipients and proposed three changes: shifting some growth costs tied to authorized hours per case to counties, eliminating the statewide backup provider system, and aligning IHSS terminations with Medi-Cal terminations. The administration also discussed the earlier CFCO reassessment penalty change for counties and said overdue reassessments had dropped significantly. LAO said the governor’s overall IHSS cost estimates appeared reasonable, but raised concerns about the hours-per-case cost shift, including unclear root causes for growth, limited county control over statewide averages, and uncertainty about the eventual savings. County Welfare Directors Association, SEIU, and consumer/advocacy witnesses opposed the hours cost shift, arguing counties use state tools, the proposal would pressure counties to cut services, and it could harm older adults and people with disabilities by increasing institutionalization and shifting costs elsewhere. The chair and members repeatedly questioned the rationale for the proposal, the lack of a defined baseline, and whether the current assessment tools or MOE structure should instead be revisited. On the backup provider system, the administration said the program is underused and costly to administer relative to service spending, while LAO suggested the Legislature consider whether administrative costs could be reduced instead of eliminating it. County, labor, and consumer witnesses opposed the cut, saying the system is a critical emergency safety net even if utilization is low, especially for rural areas and people with complex needs. Members also asked about data quality, county backup systems, and whether consumers know the program exists. On the Medi-Cal/IHSS alignment proposal, the administration said automation would stop General Fund-only spending when recipients lose Medi-Cal and restore IHSS automatically when Medi-Cal is regained; LAO and others noted the proposal had been rejected before and urged better notices and safeguards. Witnesses warned that automatic termination could create gaps in care and unpaid work for providers, while the department said counties already manually terminate in some cases and that automation is ready if approved. No votes were taken in the excerpt, and the chair indicated the committee would continue with public comment and later items before a hard adjournment time.
FL

Florida 2026 5th Special Session

FL House Floor Session - 2025-04-29 (10:00AM Session)

Florida House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Now, do I believe that developers or people with development interests should just be automatically disqualified
  • Now, do I believe that developers? board's chair.
  • Now, do I believe that developers or people with development interests should just be automatically disqualified
  • Barreto's development-over-conservation ideology... How Mr.
  • And yes, he is a successful developer.
Summary: The Senate convened with a quorum, opened with prayer and the Pledge of Allegiance, and heard several member introductions before taking up the special order calendar. The chamber first postponed CS/SB 80 on state land management, then moved through a series of bills, often substituting House companions when identical or nearly identical. Early actions included unanimous passage of HB 295 on a comprehensive waste reduction and recycling plan, which directs DEP to develop a recycling and waste-diversion roadmap, and passage of CS/CS/SB 492 on land development and mitigation banking after amendments addressing out-of-service credits and former phosphate mine lands; that bill passed 35-3 after debate over possible constitutional concerns. The Senate also passed HB 255 on aggravated animal cruelty, adding a sentencing multiplier and a searchable FDLE database of convicted animal abusers, and HB 711 establishing the Spectrum Alert for missing children with autism, with $190,000 in nonrecurring implementation funds and a July 1, 2026 implementation date. The chamber then approved HB 1089 to add Duchenne muscular dystrophy to newborn screening, and HB 393 revising the My Safe Florida Condominium Pilot Program to expand eligible mitigation projects, lower the approval threshold, and clarify ownership and reimbursement issues. Members discussed funding levels and whether insurance premium credits would be required, but the bill passed unanimously. The Senate also passed HB 1145 on workforce education, HB 827 on a statewide study of automation and workforce impact, and HB 181 on parole guidelines, all without recorded opposition. CS/CS/SB 976 on court-appointed psychologists also passed unanimously, as did HB 1451 on sexual cyber harassment, which broadened protections against non-consensual and digitally forged intimate images. Later, the Senate approved HB 1156 creating the Home Health Aid for Medically Fragile Children Program, after clarifying training requirements and hearing support that the measure would help families keep medically fragile children at home while compensating trained parents. The chamber also passed HB 1091 on substance abuse and mental health care, with an amendment allowing designated facilities to retain stabilized patients who still meet involuntary examination criteria. Throughout the day, senators used questions and debate to probe charter school governance in CS/CS/SB 822, which was substituted with HB 443 and amended to expand charter autonomy over conduct codes, enrollment, reporting, and facility use while maintaining sponsor oversight; that bill was placed on the calendar for third reading rather than voted on in the excerpt. Several other measures, including SB 716, SB 76, and the final SB 1252 item, were postponed or not reached before the transcript ended.
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • So we think there's a demonstrated need for state resources to combat this problem. for state resources
  • The Mayor Vision only contemplates one-time resources, but if ongoing resources are a priority for the
  • So CDCR is really developing this from the ground up.
  • So CDCR is really developing this from the ground up.
  • adequate resources that are there.
Keywords: 988, house, all
Summary: The subcommittee met to review May Revision proposals for several departments and emphasized that no votes would be taken that day. The Legislative Analyst’s Office opened with a warning that the state budget is balanced only through one-time resources and still has structural deficits, recommending that the Legislature avoid new ongoing spending and instead preserve reserves and other solutions. The Judicial Council then presented proposals for language access and interpreter services, appellate court security, a backfill to the state court facilities construction fund, and an extension of the lactation-room mandate; Finance supported the language access item with reporting language and supported keeping the court facilities backfill. Members raised concerns about judicial pay freezes, judge vacancies, and uneven judge allocations across counties, and also asked about the cost and completion of courthouse lactation rooms and remote-hearing infrastructure. The Board of State and Community Corrections items focused on $10 million one-time grants for missing and murdered Indigenous people and for a human trafficking vertical prosecution program. The LAO suggested the Legislature consider whether the Tribal Nations Grant Fund could support the MMIP work, while Finance said it preferred General Fund support and wanted more review before any fund swap. On the human trafficking grant, Finance said the need was clear based on reported cases and California’s share of hotline reports. Members strongly supported MMIP funding and discussed whether ongoing funding would be needed beyond the one-time proposal, while also debating whether BSEC or OES should administer the prosecution grants. The Department of Justice presented antitrust litigation funding, Medi-Cal fraud and elder abuse staffing, organized retail criminal enterprise case completion, and a continuous appropriation for the Victims of Consumer Fraud Restitution Fund. The LAO raised concerns about the Unfair Competition Law Fund’s solvency and recommended rejecting that portion unless DOJ could show the fund could support it without General Fund repayment, and it opposed the continuous appropriation in favor of more legislative oversight. Finance said the fund would remain solvent under current projections and defended the continuous appropriation as necessary to pay victims promptly. Members also clarified that the Medi-Cal fraud unit targets providers, not beneficiaries, and asked about delays in restitution payments. A lengthy portion of the hearing covered CDCR’s May Revision package and the Boston Consulting Group cost-savings effort. CDCR described revised savings from workforce optimization, workers’ compensation, and procurement, but members repeatedly expressed frustration that the promised savings had fallen far short of earlier estimates. The LAO recommended deeper cuts to some parole positions, more detail on proposed eliminations and contract changes, and caution about counting unallocated future savings. CDCR also presented population projections showing continued declines and the LAO again urged the administration to close a prison to reduce ongoing costs. The committee also heard proposals on workers’ compensation, Corcoran honor housing, incarcerated firefighter pay, agricultural food purchasing requirements, menopause care, mental health receiver staffing, resource teams, crisis intervention teams, medical classification staffing, and AI note-taking in electronic health records, with the LAO generally recommending limited-term approvals and reporting requirements while Finance defended ongoing funding and said it was open to additional reporting language.
ND

North Dakota 2026 1st Special Session

Human Services Committee May 27th, 2026 at 09:00 am

Human Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • So we have the federal Child Care Development Block Grant and Child Care and Development Fund.
  • The committee developed two models to guide further discussion.
  • The committee developed two models to guide further discussion.
  • Once we do this, we will develop findings.
  • It might be helpful for us to begin to look at that as we collect all the resources.
Keywords: 908, all
US

US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

US House Floor Proceedings (Monday, March 16, 2026)

US Federal House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:08:23.720> of enduring impact on the development of enduring impact on the development
  • resources where they are most needed. resources where they are most needed.
  • to developers and help speed deployment. to developers and help speed deployment.
  • development on reservations. development on reservations.
  • Resources Committee Vice Chairman Mr. Resources Committee Vice Chairman Mr.
WY

Wyoming 2026 Regular Session

Joint Appropriations Committee, April 30, 2026 - AM

Appropriations

Transcript Highlights:
  • Development Fund. The legislature Development Fund.
  • The fifth one is developing a statewide economic development strategy.
  • The fifth one is developing a statewide economic development strategy.
  • The fifth one is developing a statewide economic development strategy.
  • development point of view. development point of view.
Keywords: 916, all
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Licensing & Administrative Procedures Mar 11th, 2025

Licensing & Administrative Procedures

Transcript Highlights:
  • They also ensure that they work as a resource for businesses.
  • In the meantime, the working group developed two proposals.
  • ultimately developed on the record.
  • In this case, we developed facts that showed that it was a threat.
  • We provide resources to make sure that they get the help they need.
Keywords: 1184, house, all
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • We're going to move on to the **Department of Information Resources**.
  • We're going to move on to the **Department of Information Resources**.
  • For Texas.gov, it is primarily application maintenance and development.
  • But I'm just wondering about the resources that we have; the added resources for the tool sure don't
  • , and its efforts could greatly benefit from additional resources.
Bills: SB1, SB 1