Transcript Highlights:

• And then we evaluate skill set. Do we have these skills in-house?
• Or right now, that other data set may be in another state agency.
• Or right now, that other data set may be in another state agency.
• data, set up in-house AI where we can control the data.
• So why did you move forward without a set policy procedure?

Keywords: 908, all

Transcript Highlights:

• And then we have an integrated service delivery, which is exactly the same thing.
• And then we have an integrated service delivery, which is exactly the same thing.
• Is there any way that we can integrate within whatever proposal Self-sufficient?
• So we have to set out what we want to do.
• Work Ed has set out their fees and estimated expenses in Attachment B to the contract.

Keywords: 1204, all

Transcript Highlights:

• But a lot of what they're trying to set up is an ability to share data.
• But a lot of what they're trying to set up is an ability to share data.
• You know, the Vaccine Integrity Project will do that, the associations will do that.
• It hasn’t yet, but we’re making sure that when or if it does, we set up a different pathway.
• of rates: one set that assumed there were no enhanced PTCs and another set that assumed that they're

Summary: The committee first welcomed new DSHS Secretary Angela Ramirez, who introduced herself and described her background in public service, federal and state legislative work, and health and human services leadership. Members emphasized the importance of building strong relationships with her and noted her focus on protecting services, using strategic approaches in a tight budget environment, and improving partnerships with the Legislature. Ramirez said she wanted to keep communication open and that her priorities would be shaped by what she learns from lawmakers and agency partners. The next work session focused on the West Coast Health Alliance and the broader Governor’s Public Health Alliance. Department of Health and governor’s office staff said the West Coast alliance, involving Washington, Oregon, California, and Hawaii, was formed to coordinate science-based public health guidance, especially around vaccines, return-to-work guidance, and responses to federal changes. They said the alliance is intended to reduce confusion, counter misinformation, and preserve access to evidence-based recommendations, with early actions including vaccine guidance for COVID-19, flu, and RSV, a statement rejecting any vaccine-autism link, and preparation for possible ACIP changes. Members asked about workload and coordination with other regional alliances, and staff said there is informal coordination but no formal regular meetings. The committee then heard from the Washington State Health Benefit Exchange about open enrollment and the effects of federal policy changes. Exchange leaders said the expiration of enhanced premium tax credits, HR1 provisions, and immigration-related eligibility changes are affecting affordability and enrollment, with some customers facing large premium increases and some counties becoming harder to serve. They reported early open-enrollment traffic increases, nearly 10,000 new sign-ups, and nearly 12,000 active coverage drops so far, while noting that many more people may disenroll later if subsidies are not extended. They also described mitigation efforts such as silver loading, Cascade Care Savings, outreach through navigators and community partners, and planning for future HR1 requirements like ending auto-renewal and adding verification steps. In the final work session, staff from the Health Care Authority and Insurance Commissioner’s office reviewed Washington’s health reform history and the state’s current affordability and access efforts. They highlighted past ACA-related coverage gains, continued work on prescription drug affordability, PBM oversight, primary care and behavioral health access, and a pending legislative proposal to preserve access to preventive services. They also discussed federal changes affecting Medicaid and the exchange, including work requirements, six-month redeterminations, and the need to coordinate across agencies to implement new rules. Members raised concerns about network adequacy, provider access, and the complexity of the health care system, while staff said they are trying to mitigate harm, simplify administration, and keep coverage and access as stable as possible.

Transcript Highlights:

• THE FL WINS PROJECT WILL INTEGRATE 11 IN SCOPE IT SYSTEMS ACROSS THREE DIFFERENT AGENCIES AND POWER A
• THE MOST RECENT RELEASE OF FL WINS WAS SEPTEMBER 30th OF THIS YEAR, WHICH INCLUDED THE INTEGRATION OF
• THEIR ROLE IN THIS IS TO PROVIDE FUNDING AND SET COMPLIANCE AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR
• THAT'S $9.3 MILLION SET ASIDE AS A RESERVE FOR THE STATEWIDE RAPID RESPONSE STRATEGY.
• THE OTHER THING THAT COMES OFF BEFORE THE ALLOCATION TO LOCAL BOARDS IS THE STATE SET ASIDE INITIATIVE

Transcript Highlights:

• vulnerabilities in program integrity. vulnerabilities in program integrity.
• raising awareness and setting raising awareness and setting expectations. expectations. expectations
• <00:03:19.040> Set screening at the front end. Set screening at the front end.
• taxpayer dollars and program integrity. taxpayer dollars and program integrity.
• <00:54:51.040> the actions aren't taken now to set the actions aren't taken now to set the

Keywords: 1183, house

Summary: Judge Tim O’Malley, Minnesota’s director of program integrity, presented a roadmap to program integrity and fraud prevention built around nine areas for improvement, including leadership and culture, stronger program controls, better coordination among agencies and prosecutors, training, technology modernization, independent oversight, stakeholder engagement, and expanded resources. He said long-standing vulnerabilities in state programs have been exploited by organized criminals, and argued the state must shift from reactive enforcement to front-end prevention, faster detection, and recovery of improper payments. He emphasized that modern data sharing and analytics are especially urgent, and said oversight and accountability are essential for lasting change. Fay Bernstein, a long-time DHS employee, testified that she experienced retaliation after raising contract compliance concerns years ago. She said she was removed from the building, barred from DHS property, investigated for months, and accused of racism and threatening leadership, which she denied. Bernstein argued DHS leadership lacks a fraud-prevention mindset and said the department’s culture punishes employees who speak up, while serious program failures have harmed vulnerable Minnesotans. She called for major leadership changes and firings at DHS. Members questioned O’Malley about whether fraud was driven more by sophisticated criminals or by weaknesses in state systems. He said the vulnerabilities have existed for a long time and organized criminal groups are taking advantage of them, especially where data sharing is weak. Members also pressed him on whistleblower protections and retaliation; O’Malley said he should have included the legislature among places employees can report concerns, and said complaints should be thoroughly investigated with accurate information and appropriate consequences for supervisors who fail to act, ranging from coaching to termination depending on the case. No votes or formal actions were taken in this portion of the meeting.

Transcript Highlights:

• They all have integrated PBMs, right? And so, they're the only ones.
• One is, in your mind, is it feasible to do this integration?
• And then my second question is about the vertical integration.
• And until we can really come to the table, there's a lot of vertical integration.
• So I think the concern we have is when you get these highly integrated companies.

Bills: HB712, HB722, HB946, HB1687, HB1809, HB1899, HB2528, HB2583, HB2741, HB2750, HB3021, HB3150, HB3265, HB3658, HB3812, HB3960, HB4392, HB4432

Keywords: prostate cancer, health benefit plans, insurance coverage, cost sharing, preventive health care, auto insurance, total loss evaluation, disclosure, insurance materials, vehicle appraisal, HB 946, Texas Insurance Code, automobile insurance claims, oral release, written release, settlement agreement, claim release, property damage, bodily injury, psychological injury

Transcript Highlights:

• I'd like to begin this hearing by setting the context in which the hearing will be conducted and also
• It runs afoul of the constitutional provisions authorizing each House of the General Court to set its
• Once the precedent is set, it rarely stops there and may extend to communications or deliberations.
• the integrity of co-equal government.
• But I do think that they, today especially, in standing up for the legislative power, they can set an

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The subcommittee hearing focused on whether the Office of the State Auditor may constitutionally audit the Massachusetts Legislature under Chapter 250 of the Acts of 2024 and what such an audit could include under generally accepted government auditing standards. Chair Cindy Friedman opened by explaining the background: voters approved Ballot Question 1 in November 2024, the law took effect in January 2025, and the Auditor then initiated audits of both chambers. The chair said the subcommittee was seeking expert testimony because the proposed audit scope, constitutionality, and possible bias concerns remained unresolved. Public testimony was invited, but no members of the public pre-registered; written testimony remained open for a short period after the hearing. The hearing then proceeded with invited experts on constitutional law/state government and auditing-related issues. Professor Lawrence Friedman testified that the ballot initiative’s approval by the Attorney General and by voters did not resolve constitutional questions, and he argued Chapter 250 violates the Massachusetts Constitution. He said the Legislature has constitutional authority to set its own rules and manage its proceedings, and that an executive-branch audit would intrude on legislative deliberation, speech and debate protections, and separation of powers. He also warned that even audits of supposedly administrative matters could become a vehicle for repeated document demands and litigation that would indirectly burden legislative functioning. In questioning, senators pressed him on the line between administrative and deliberative functions, the role of the Attorney General versus the courts, the possibility of retroactive audit scope, and whether prior legislative consent to audits mattered; he said prior consent would not bind future legislatures and that constitutionality is ultimately for the courts. Professor Ray La Raja also opposed the audit, framing it as a threat to institutional independence and representative democracy. He argued that allowing an executive-branch official to audit the Legislature without consent would upset separation of powers, chill internal debate, and create a precedent for broader executive intrusion. He said voters often support “transparency” reforms without fully appreciating institutional consequences, and that legislatures should defend their autonomy, especially amid what he described as broader executive overreach nationally. Senators asked about chilling effects, the practical distinction between administrative and core legislative functions, and whether the courts or the Legislature should resolve the issue; he said the courts would ultimately adjudicate disputes, but the Legislature should not waive its constitutional authority lightly. Jean Kempthorne took the opposite view, arguing the audit is permissible and should proceed. She said the state auditor is a constitutional officer accountable directly to the people, that the audit power can be expanded by statute, and that separation of powers does not require watertight compartments. She contended the audit would not displace core legislative powers because the auditor can only evaluate operations, report findings, and make recommendations. She also argued the Legislature itself already conducts audits of other branches, so it is inconsistent to claim an audit of the Legislature is unconstitutional. In response to senators’ questions, she said there are guardrails against truly intrusive requests, but that the administrative-versus-legislative distinction is not a workable bright line; she suggested disputes should be handled case by case, with objections, negotiation, or litigation if specific requests go too far. No votes or formal actions were taken at the hearing.

Transcript Highlights:

• Mount Shasta Bioregional Ecology Center, NRDC, Sierra Club California, Partnership for Policy Integrity
• This includes assessing the mechanical integrity, no less than annually, and continuous monitoring and
• energy storage well until that mechanical integrity is restored.
• energy storage well until that mechanical integrity is restored.
• And the bill says that a gravity-based energy storage well has lost its mechanical integrity shall be

Summary: The Assembly Natural Resources Committee met with some initial delay while waiting for quorum, then approved the consent calendar items SB 234, SB 484, and SB 839. The committee heard several bills focused on wildfire mitigation, biomass use, climate resilience, and geologic hazard mapping. Members and witnesses repeatedly emphasized the need to balance climate, air quality, public health, and land management goals, with testimony both supporting and opposing biomass-related proposals. SB 88 (Caballero) would direct state agencies to support beneficial uses of forest and agricultural biomass, including biochar and low-carbon energy. Supporters argued it would reduce open burning, improve air quality, and create rural economic opportunities; opponents, including environmental groups, argued woody biomass energy is costly, polluting, and harmful to forests and communities. The bill passed as amended to Appropriations. SB 653 (Cortese) defining environmentally sensitive vegetation management also passed, with supporters describing it as a voluntary framework to align wildfire fuel reduction with biodiversity and habitat restoration; no opposition was heard, and a member requested to be added as a coauthor. The committee also approved SCR 50 (Stern), which urges state climate agencies to define maladaptation and develop criteria for reviewing climate-related policies and investments, and SB 567 (Limón), a pilot program to study converting idle oil wells into gravity energy storage wells. SB 567 drew support from the sponsor and labor/local government witnesses, while the Water Replenishment District opposed unless amended, citing groundwater protection concerns in key basins and asking for additional safeguards. Finally, SB 831 (Limón) passed, clarifying the scope of geologic hazards to include conditions tied to climate change and natural disasters such as post-fire debris flows, subsidence, and coastal erosion. All measures were reported out of committee, with several absent-member votes later added to complete the roll.

Transcript Highlights:

• We should set this aside.
• We can set up here. We can Talk about this all day long.
• Regardless of their identity sets that Bill was voted down.
• What an example to set for all of us.
• Real estate appraisers are the ones that set the value on our properties.

Keywords: 919, house, all

Summary: The House took up Senate File 3432, a public safety bill requiring identifying equipment and insignia to be removed from emergency vehicles sold to the public. The chamber first adopted a House language amendment, then debated a broader security package that would fund judicial and courthouse security, Capitol security measures, short-term protection for legislators facing credible threats, State Patrol deficiency funding, and additional BCA analysts and investigators to assess threats statewide. Supporters framed the bill as necessary to protect public safety, democracy, and First Amendment activity at the Capitol and courthouses; they also said the package was pared down from larger requests and based on security reviews. The House adopted an A-1 amendment clarifying that BCA staff could investigate threats statewide, and later rejected a Schultz A-3 amendment that would have eliminated all appropriations in the bill. The A-3 was defeated on a 37-94 vote after the House upheld the Speaker’s ruling that a proposed school-safety secondary amendment was not germane, with that appeal decided 69-62. A major theme of debate was whether the Legislature should prioritize security for members and the Capitol before passing school safety funding. Several members argued they could not support spending tens of millions on Capitol and legislative security without first funding school safety for all students, including public, charter, private, and tribal schools. Others defended the bill as necessary because of recent threats and violence, including the June 14 tragedy, and said the Capitol security changes were based on professional recommendations. Some members also criticized the new security setup as overly restrictive or “security theater,” while supporters said the measures were needed to keep the public, staff, and lawmakers safe. After the A-3 was defeated, the bill was read for third time and members continued floor debate. The discussion remained split between those emphasizing immediate Capitol and legislative security needs and those insisting school safety should come first. Representative Agbaje then moved to table the bill, and the clerk began a roll call on that motion.

Transcript Highlights:

• <00:02:30.480> of governor's budget in the center set of governor's budget in the center set
• columns and the DE on the right-hand set columns and the DE on the right-hand set of<00:02:32.640
• home and community-based setting home and community-based setting co-location<00:05:25.160> prohibitions
• integrity integrity bill,<00:31:22.960> which<00:31:23.160> we've<00:31:23.520> all
• program integrity program integrity bill,<00:32:24.840> and<00:32:24.960> then<00:

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Set up to be extremely competitive.
• Make sure they're set up.
• We are a systems integrator.
• As an integrator, a system integrator in public sector, we often find ourselves partnered with state
• So I'm going to talk to you today a little bit about data sets and some of the data sets that we have

Bills: SB1020

Keywords: special plates, Arizona Space Commission, transportation, funding, space exploration, 1182, all

Summary: The committee first took up Senate Bill 1020, which would create Arizona Space Commission special license plates and direct a portion of the plate fee to the Space Exploration and Aeronautics Research Fund. The bill’s sponsor and the Arizona Space Commission chair testified in support, emphasizing Arizona’s growing space industry, the need for a funding stream for the commission, and the bill’s role in promoting aerospace jobs, education, and economic development. They noted a planned floor amendment to extend the implementation deadline from 2026 to 2027. Members expressed strong support and highlighted Arizona’s competitiveness in space-related activity. The committee then heard a presentation from Deloitte on artificial intelligence in government. Deloitte described how AI and predictive analytics can improve state services, but stressed concerns about accountability, data quality, privacy, workforce impacts, and responsible use. The presentation used examples from public-sector data integration and predictive modeling, including how AI can help identify veterans who may qualify for benefits or other outreach, while cautioning that such tools should not be used for yes-or-no eligibility decisions. Members asked about data sources, accuracy, minors, privacy protections, and safeguards, and Deloitte said it follows a trust-and-governance framework and could provide more information later. Finally, the committee heard from Pano AI on wildfire detection technology. The presenter explained that the company uses camera towers, AI, and human review to detect smoke early, provide location data to responders, and improve initial attack on wildfires. She said the system is already deployed across Arizona through utilities, state agencies, and local departments, with more installations planned, and described examples where early detection helped contain fires and support evacuation and jurisdictional response. Members asked about coverage, weather limitations, funding, and future capabilities, and the presenter said the technology is a tool that will continue improving through better prediction and integration with other fire-management systems. The committee adjourned after the presentations.

Transcript Highlights:

• So how it works is they move to integrated payroll.
• But these companies, because of the payroll integration, are looking to verify what wages someone has
• at zero, not maybe set at zero, but shall be set at zero.
• We're an employer-integrated, earned-wage access provider.
• It has to be set at zero; someone would have to put that in.

Transcript Highlights:

• Home care aides support people who need extended care due to age or disability in many different settings
• Home care aides support people who need extended care due to age or disability in many different settings
• When aides are unavailable, clients either go without care or receive care in more costly settings such
• Once testing is fully integrated into training programs, this will greatly benefit caregivers.
• And representing DSHS, I just agree that it would be a good change to make to integrate.

Summary: The Joint Legislative Audit and Review Committee held a public hearing on the State Auditor’s Office performance audit of Washington’s Restoring Quality Home Care Initiative (I-1163). Auditors said the initiative’s background checks and 75-hour training requirement are widely viewed as safety measures, but the state lacks pre-2011 data to directly measure safety outcomes. They also found Washington’s long-term care workforce is still short, though the state ranks better than many others in workers per disabled person, and that some groups and regions have larger gaps between authorized and actually used Medicaid care hours, suggesting access problems for certain clients. The audit focused heavily on the certification process for home care aides. Auditors reported that many applicants never finish certification, that the process often exceeds the 200-day legal deadline, and that delays can cause lost income, job loss, and in some cases repeated employer changes that allow aides to keep working without becoming certified. They recommended that the Department of Health accept applications only after training and testing are completed, move testing into training programs more broadly, and eliminate redundant DOH verification of FBI background checks. Committee members asked about testing contract incentives, language access, and the role of immigration in workforce shortages; auditors said they found no financial performance standards in the Prometric contract, did not specifically study immigration status, and did not focus on language barriers in this audit. Department of Health and Department of Social and Health Services officials largely agreed with the audit’s findings and recommendations. They said they have already made improvements, including expanded in-program testing, more staffing, and rule changes, and that testing has been integrated into more than 110 training programs. DSHS noted testing is offered in 13 languages. Both agencies said they support further streamlining and expect continued collaboration, including possible budget or legislative requests. No public testimony was offered, and the committee adjourned without taking any vote or formal action on the audit.

Transcript Highlights:

• Has your integration with Ion helped get the information to them?
• as at some point integrate how we're doing pardons with Ion.
• The salary is set by statute. I'm gonna ask Diana.
• No, it was set up to target. We can't know until the committee makes a decision and sets the.
• Following Miss Sherman, I know that judicial salaries are set in the county salaries are set, and there's

Keywords: 914, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Home care aides support people who need extended care due to age or disability in many different settings
• Or disability in many different settings.
• When aides are unavailable, clients either go without care or receive care in more costly settings such
• Once testing is fully integrated into training programs, this will greatly benefit caregivers.
• And representing DSHS, I just agree that it would be a good change to make to integrate.

Keywords: 904, all

Summary: The Joint Legislative Audit and Review Committee heard a State Auditor’s Office performance audit on the Restoring Quality Home Care Initiative (I-1163), which created home care aide certification requirements, FBI background checks, and an abuse/neglect registry. Auditors said some requirements likely improve safety, especially background checks and training, but the state lacked pre-2011 data to measure outcomes directly. They also found Washington has a long-term care workforce shortage, though its workforce supply ranks better than many states, and that more stringent entry requirements do not appear to reduce workforce participation compared with other states. The audit’s main concern was that the certification process is slow and burdensome. Auditors reported that most applicants never finish certification, that only about one-third of fiscal year 2025 applicants were certified within the 200-day legal deadline, and that the average time to certification was 463 days. They identified delays between training and testing, limited testing access in some areas, and redundant Department of Health verification of FBI background checks as key causes. The audit recommended streamlining the process by accepting applications later in the process, expanding testing within training programs, and eliminating the redundant background-check verification. Department of Health and Department of Social and Health Services staff largely agreed with the audit’s findings and recommendations. They said they have already made improvements, including moving exams into more than 110 training programs, increasing credentialing staff, and reducing barriers through rule changes. DSHS noted testing is offered in 13 languages. Committee members asked about testing contract incentives, language access, and whether the agencies would seek statutory or budget changes to implement the recommendations. No public testimony was offered, and the meeting adjourned without any vote or formal action by the committee.

Transcript Highlights:

• This is an integral part of that system.
• We integrate public health, human times.
• <00:05:22.720> Citizens integral part of that system.
• Citizens integral part of that system.
• We need safeguards now that set process.

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• The purpose of the minimum wage is to set the floor for all workers in the state.
• To listen to people with disabilities and set a new path forward.
• and set a new path forward. and set a new path forward.
• have achieved competitive integrated have achieved competitive integrated employment<00:42:05.200
• The move towards integrated employment is very clear that this is what people want.

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• We want program integrity.
• We want every dollar to be integrity.
• kind of EVV in a residential setting kind of EVV in a residential setting doesn't<01:32:01.520><
• We do it in both group settings arms.
• I think that and individual settings.

Bills: HF3423, HF2354, HF3634

Keywords: healthcare, provider enrollment, medical assistance, legislation, state funds, fraud prevention, subpoena authority, criminal penalties, consumer protection, service verification, Medicaid, human services, electronic documentation, 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• It increased transparency by making Public Integrity Commission reports available on the commission's
• By making Public Integrity Commission reports available on the commission's website.
• The Public Integrity Commission has jurisdiction over lobbying data since 1996.
• It sets standards for certain bank accounts.
• It sets standards for certain bank accounts. It set standards.

Bills: HB344

Keywords: campaign finance, elections, transparency, political committees, reporting requirements, enforcement

Summary: The Senate Elections and Government Affairs Committee heard several election- and campaign-related bills. House Substitute 2 for House Bill 155 would make Public Integrity Commission reports publicly available on the commission’s website, add a specific travel-expense reporting category, and remove the FOIA requirement for accessing reports; Senator Richardson said he supported the transparency measure and asked to be added as a co-sponsor. The committee also took up House Bill 444, the Delaware John Lewis Voting Rights Act, which would create state protections against voter suppression and vote dilution, expand language access, prohibit intimidation and deception, and allow court remedies for violations. The bill drew strong support from advocacy groups including YWCA Delaware, the League of Women Voters, the ACLU, and the Legal Defense Fund, and several senators voiced support and interest in moving it quickly. House Bill 430, a constitutional amendment proposal, would make explicit that only natural persons may vote in Delaware elections, including municipal elections, in response to concerns about corporate or other artificial-entity voting in some towns. The discussion focused heavily on Fenwick Island, where the mayor testified that the town’s charter has long allowed certain artificial entities to vote in local elections and said the system is limited and has worked for years; other speakers argued the bill was needed to prevent corporate dilution of residents’ votes. Senator Richardson expressed concern about restricting entities with a local stake, while Senator Hoffner and others emphasized the principle of one person, one vote. Senator Townsend presented House Bill 344, which would tighten campaign finance rules by requiring Delaware bank accounts for candidates and committees, recurring training, better documentation of candidate loans, longer record retention, automatic filing extensions, and inactive status for noncompliant committees; one public commenter opposed the bill on cost grounds. He also presented House Bill 448, which would allow campaign funds to be used for reasonable security expenses for candidates and elected officials, with guardrails, and a commenter suggested allowing electronic security systems without a cap. Finally, the committee heard House Bill 472, a local de-annexation measure for Noble’s Pond in Cheswold to remove scattered residential lots from town boundaries and resolve uneven tax treatment; Senator Hoffner noted local law enforcement supported the change. The committee adjourned after hearing no further public comment on HB 472, and the vote to adjourn was unanimous.

Transcript Highlights:

• Notably, the state set a maximum TK class size of 24 students.
• Eligibility is currently set at 100% of the state median income.
• So some parents will prefer part-day TK in a school setting.
• Let me move on to the last slide or set of slides here.
• , in Connecticut, what they just did was they set up...

Summary: The Assembly Select Committee on Child Care Costs held its third hearing, focused on how transitional kindergarten (TK) fits into California’s mixed-delivery early learning system, with an emphasis on the Central Valley. Opening remarks stressed that TK and child care should complement each other, not compete, and that families need both part-day school-based options and full-day, year-round care. Committee members outlined hearing goals around aligning TK with existing programs, understanding family needs, and examining the economic impact of early learning on workforce participation and local economies. Panelists from the Legislative Analyst’s Office, Every Child California, Early Edge, Children Now, and others described TK’s rapid expansion to all four-year-olds, the growth in enrollment, and related changes to state preschool and after-school programs. Witnesses generally supported TK but warned that its expansion has shifted enrollment away from community-based providers, especially centers and family child care homes, creating financial strain, vacant classrooms, and staffing challenges. They urged stronger partnerships between school districts and community providers, more flexible licensing and facilities support, higher and more uniform reimbursement rates, permanent authority for state preschool to serve two-year-olds, and better compensation and training for educators across settings. Parents and providers testified about the importance of trusted, culturally and linguistically responsive care, the need for infant-toddler and home-based options, and the difficulty of affording child care when TK is not full-day or does not fit family schedules. Several speakers emphasized that many families still face long waits for subsidies and that reimbursement and payment delays threaten provider stability. Public comment echoed these concerns, with providers calling for true cost-of-care rates, more vouchers, support for transportation and nontraditional hours, and protection from insurance and facility costs that can force programs to close. State education officials said California’s UPK system works best when TK, state preschool, Head Start, and community-based providers are treated as a shared system, and noted that planning and implementation grants and local coordination efforts have helped build mixed-delivery partnerships. The hearing ended without formal votes or actions, but committee members indicated they would continue gathering input to inform future policy and budget decisions.