Transcript Highlights:

• Fuel, repairs, utility, admin costs, and capital purchases make up the remainder of our expenses.
• Fuel, repairs, utility, admin costs, and capital purchases make up the remainder of our expenses.
• Right now, we utilize federal grants for the majority of all of our fleet purchases.
• . forced to schedule their lives around the bus schedule rather than utilize the system spontaneously
• some of that sales tax funding on. service implementation changes that we can utilize some of that sales

Keywords: 908, all

Summary: The Government Finance Transportation Study Subcommittee met to review fixed-route transit systems and related funding needs. After approving the prior meeting minutes, the committee heard presentations from Cities Area Transit in Grand Forks/East Grand Forks, Bisman Transit in Bismarck-Mandan, and MATBUS/Fargo, along with comments from North Dakota Protection & Advocacy. The transit agencies described their routes, paratransit services, ridership trends, fare structures, fleet replacement needs, and rising operating costs, emphasizing that transit supports access to work, school, medical care, and other essential services. Testimony also noted that ridership fell during the pandemic and has been recovering, while vehicle and maintenance costs have risen sharply. Grand Forks transit reported 17 routes, a recent fare increase, and operating costs that exceed fare revenue, with paratransit service extending beyond the federal minimum service area. Bisman Transit outlined its fixed-route and paratransit operations, recent service expansions, local mill levies, sales tax support, and federal grant structure, and said it is seeking more stable funding and flexibility beyond paratransit-only support. Minot’s transit superintendent explained the state’s existing transit aid formula, the use of refurbished buses, and the challenges of driver recruitment and electric bus infrastructure. Fargo asked for additional state support for fixed-route urban transit. Committee members discussed whether ride-share services could replace transit, the cost per trip, local match requirements, and whether a separate state funding source should be recommended for the four urban fixed-route systems. The subcommittee ultimately approved a motion to have Legislative Council prepare a summary of its activities for inclusion in the full Government Finance Committee report, and members indicated they would seek more detailed funding figures from the transit agencies before making any specific recommendation.

Transcript Highlights:

• engrossed Committee Substitute for House Bill 4012, relating to reducing the regulatory burden on utility
• Engrossed Committee Substitute for House Bill 4012, relating to reducing the regulatory burden on utility
• Engrossed Committee Substitute for House Bill 4012, relating to reducing the regulatory burden on utility
• And, quite frankly, we need it for West Virginia's power utilities, even though they disagree currently
• It is anticipated that three to five commissioners would be utilized in different regions of the state

Keywords: 994, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• The amendment removes sections two and six of the bill pertaining to county- and municipal-owned utility
• The amendment removes sections two and six of the bill pertaining to county- and municipal-owned utility
• This is done throughout the state by various utilities and local governments.
• This project is not something that, you know, JEA tried to push off, or the utilities tried to push off
• And so, without some type of project like this, you know, the utilities, just to speak plainly, can take

Bills: S0598, S0934, S1260, S1300, S1452, S1510, S1566, S1580, S1668, S7034

Keywords: funeral homes, cemetery law, cremation, embalmer, funeral director, preneed contract, preneed funeral, human remains, unclaimed cremated remains, disposition of remains, hospice, palliative care, end-of-life care, direct disposal, mortuary science, funeral service arts, licensure by endorsement, cemetery license, contiguous acres, consumer services

Summary: The committee first took up appointments, recommending confirmation of James Patrick Grambling and Brian J. Aungst on a single favorable vote. It then heard and approved several committee bills, including CS/CS/SB 1260 on building code inspections, which directs the Department of Management Services to contract with private providers for plan review and inspections; CS/SB 1668 on NICA, which updates benefits, oversight, funding, and immunity language; SB 1300 on a workforce/CDL training program for selected nonviolent inmates; CS/CS/SB 598 on funeral and cemetery services; CS/SB 1580 on illegal gaming enforcement; CS/SB 934 on Florida Keys affordable housing tax exemptions; and CS/CS/SB 1452, an agency bill updating DFS programs and licensing rules. Each of those bills was reported favorably after committee debate and, in several cases, amendments were adopted. The committee spent substantial time on CS/CS/SB 1510, the DEP package, which reorganizes environmental rulemaking and land acquisition authority, expands septic-to-sewer and nutrient-reduction requirements in sensitive areas, updates stormwater and resilience provisions, and revises related permitting and grant programs. Two amendments were adopted, including one adding solar-energy and stormwater-related provisions and another removing septic disclosure reporting language. Testimony included support from DEP and concerns from environmental advocates about septic timelines and implementation. The bill was ultimately reported favorably. The committee also considered CS/CS/SB 1566 on local government budget transparency, requiring counties and municipalities to post budgets and related materials online for extended periods in a standardized format. The League of Cities opposed the bill as an unfunded mandate, while the sponsor argued it would improve taxpayer access and accountability; the bill was reported favorably. Finally, the committee heard SB 7034, a rule ratification for minimum flows and levels for the lower Santa Fe and Ichetucknee rivers and priority springs, with testimony focused on the proposed Water First restoration strategy, conservation measures, and concerns about water quality, funding, and local opposition. The transcript ends during closing remarks on that ratification bill, before a final vote is shown.

Transcript Highlights:

• Does line 86 require a bill for the Bieber to study utility affordability? Mr.
• We’re putting $100,000 toward a utility affordability study, correct?
• I just maybe I’ll find—I’d like a little more in depth on how we’re defining utilities.
• Chairman, has the health utility fund... Last page, Mr. Chairman, has the health utility fund.
• Chairman, as the health utility fund. This is all other state funds.

Keywords: 996, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Utilities to support our Santa Fe and Albuquerque buildings. And turning to page nine.
• I guess that's an operating cost for just utilities. Mr.
• Chair, I'd have to get the breakdown of just utilities, but the total for the utilities and the FTEs
• We can't pay our utilities. I don't know. Breakdowns on the $6 million. We can't pay our utilities.
• We can really help make sure that any money we're given is maximally utilized.

Keywords: 996, all

Transcript Highlights:

• LSA's members are principally responsible for the majority of the utility-scale solar and storage on
• And as you mentioned, it's not being utilized.
• Utilize.
• And we really want to make sure that this program is utilized the way you intended it to be utilized
• The motion is due pass to the Utilities and Energy Committee. Secretary, please call the roll.

Summary: The Assembly Local Government Committee heard a full agenda of bills focused largely on housing, permitting reform, transportation governance, and local government finance. Early in the hearing, AB 24 by Assemblymember DeMaio proposed changing SANDAG board selection to give rural unincorporated areas a stronger voice; members raised concerns about the approach and local input, and the bill ultimately did not receive a second at the time it was heard. The chair later clarified that because no second was made, the bill was held rather than voted out, though the transcript also reflects confusion and later attempts to revisit the item. Several housing and permitting bills advanced with committee amendments and broad support. AB 671 by Assemblymember Wicks would streamline restaurant permitting through self-certification and faster plan review; AB 920 by Assemblymember Caloza would require a centralized online portal for housing permit tracking in larger jurisdictions; AB 1061 by Assemblymember Kirk Silva would allow SB 9 housing in historic districts with limits to protect historic character; AB 818 by Assemblymember Anamarie Farías would streamline temporary manufactured housing after disasters; AB 660 by Assemblymember Wilson would tighten timelines and remedies for post-entitlement housing permits; AB 1308 by Assemblymember Hoover would allow third-party inspections for small residential projects if local inspections are delayed; and AB 1445 by Assemblymember Haney would expand downtown revitalization financing tools for mixed-use housing. Each of these measures drew support from housing, business, and industry groups, with some local-government and special-district stakeholders seeking continued amendments on certain bills. The committee also approved AB 1156, which updates the solar use easement program to better accommodate renewable energy development on water-constrained agricultural lands, and AB 964, which would let local governments offset certain state mandate reimbursement debts against amounts the state owes them. AB 1223, by Assemblymember Wynn, would let Sacramento-area transportation authorities propose sales tax measures for portions of the county and keep revenues local; it advanced despite some transportation and taxpayer concerns. Consent items AB 36 and AB 1131 were also approved. Most bills were reported out on bipartisan votes, often with committee amendments and some members noting they would continue working on the measures in later committees.

Transcript Highlights:

• these peacetime emergency declarations no longer an option under this proposal for our governor to utilize
• inhibit the ability of our current or future governor to protect and save the lives of Minnesotans by utilizing
• these peacetime emergency declarations no longer an option under this proposal for our governor to utilize
• inhibit the ability of our current or future governor to protect and save the lives of Minnesotans by utilizing
• these peacetime emergency declarations no longer an option under this proposal for our governor to utilize

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• Has it had any effect on practitioners who utilize xylazine for legitimate medical purposes?
• What's, is there a power level utilized by, you know, like they did with other...
• Is there a power level utilized by, you know, like they did with other drugs, you know, legal drugs?
• Those drugs are utilized more so than xylazine in our world these days.
• How credible would AI information be—how much xylazine is being utilized across the country?

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The working group on best practices for oversight and enforcement met for its first session and focused on xylazine, including its legal veterinary uses, its appearance in the illicit drug supply, and whether it should be classified as a controlled substance. Members discussed the distinction between pharmaceutical-grade and non-pharmaceutical-grade xylazine, the role of international/illicit sourcing, and the limits of state-level regulation if the substance is already being added to fentanyl or other drugs outside the Commonwealth. The Department of Public Health representative summarized the agency’s view that scheduling xylazine could follow the “ironclad law of prohibition” and push the market toward other, potentially worse substances, and said DPH opposed straight scheduling in favor of education, support, and harm-reduction approaches. Veterinary members explained how xylazine is used in large-animal and research settings, why it is useful, and why federal-style scheduling could create practical burdens for veterinarians who work in the field. They also described reversal agents such as yohimbine and atipamezole (Antisedan), and noted that xylazine is not commonly used in small-animal practice. Several members raised questions about how much xylazine is actually used legally in Massachusetts, whether boards of pharmacy or distributors could provide useful data, and what other states have done. Arizona and Florida were mentioned as possible examples for further research, along with the need to examine stakeholder opposition and any effects on legitimate veterinary practice. The group agreed to divide into two subgroups: one focused on oversight and regulation of production/distribution, and another on whether xylazine should be classified as a controlled substance and what penalties, if any, should apply. Staff said they would circulate notes, a draft PowerPoint template, and a shared folder, with members asked to submit materials by December 2, draft materials due December 4, and final approval by December 9 ahead of the next public meeting on December 11. The meeting ended with a motion to adjourn, a second, and unanimous closure.

Transcript Highlights:

• THE SURVEYS UTILIZE TOOLS ALREADY DEVELOPED BY THE FEDERAL AGENCY FOR HEALTHCARE RESEARCH AND QUALITY
• BUT UTILIZING THE VENDORS USED NATIONALLY, WE HOPE THERE WILL BE A LOW RISK TO THAT. >> Chair Anderson
• THE AGENCY UTILIZED THIS APPROACH TO FOCUS ON REDUCING PRETERM BIRTH RATES IN PRIMARY C-SECTION RATES
• OF THEM LOOKING AT THE DECREASES, I'M LOOKING AT THIS AND THIS MEANS UTILIZATION.
• I COULD BE WRONG, BUT THE WAY I LOOK AT IT IS MORE UTILIZATION.

Transcript Highlights:

• reusability of the technology for future initiatives, build sustainable business capability, and utilize
• know, when we look at the guiding principles and now with our IT and data strategic plan, we're utilizing
• And so the goal is to continue to even utilize some of the other states' best practices in what we're
• During extreme heat, this is typically a season where utility bills run at their highest.
• As a community-based organization, how it's best to utilize those resources, et cetera, and how we can

Summary: The Assembly Budget Subcommittee on Human Services heard an overview of efforts to streamline access to safety net programs and move toward more automatic, person-centered enrollment. CDSS, DHCS, and CalHHS described current cross-enrollment between Medi-Cal, CalFresh, and CalWORKs, including data showing high overlap among programs and a text-message outreach pilot that increased CalWORKs applications and enrollments but reached only a small share of potentially eligible people. Witnesses emphasized barriers such as differing federal eligibility rules, data-sharing limits, privacy concerns, and the need for better technology, consent management, and stakeholder engagement. Members pressed the administration on how to institutionalize these efforts across administrations and asked for concrete budgetary and regulatory steps to support “no wrong door” enrollment and automatic referrals. The committee also reviewed several chair priorities. On the proposed foster care multi-agency office, CDSS said existing coordination structures already address much of the intended work and asked to verify prior fiscal scoring. On the Employment First Office, CalHHS explained that the office’s $1 million budget was eliminated in the 2024-25 budget as part of deficit reductions, while noting that employment for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities remains an administration priority through existing departmental coordination. For the food insecurity proposal, CDSS said it could provide technical assistance but would need new data-sharing agreements, could not separately calculate a CFAP participation rate with current data, and would likely need until July 1, 2027, plus ongoing staffing, to complete the requested report. The mandated reporter proposal drew support for reform, with CDSS estimating low-millions in one-time training costs and ongoing costs in the hundreds of thousands. The subcommittee also discussed a guaranteed income proposal. CalHHS suggested drafting new statutory language and considering a county-administered model rather than a state-run competitive grant process to reduce administrative burden, while members and public commenters urged support for AB 661 and a study of a permanent statewide guaranteed income program. Public testimony also supported automatic enrollment, community-supporting mandated reporting reforms, and cash assistance for fire recovery. In the final items, CSD described how local nonprofit partners helped during the Los Angeles fires with food, housing vouchers, transportation, and emergency energy assistance, and explained that LIHEAP and CSBG remain important but limited tools for disaster response. CSD also said recent federal staffing cuts and possible future federal budget threats could affect LIHEAP and CSBG administration, though no immediate service disruptions had occurred and additional LIHEAP funds were expected to be released soon.

Transcript Highlights:

• have that money come out of your check a little bit every month or every two weeks and be able to utilize
• First, it requires utilities to update their mitigation plans every two years.
• First, it requires utilities to update their mitigation plans every two years.
• third, it clarifies that compliance with the mitigation plan is a rebuttable presumption that the utility
• This bill not only embraces public safety, but preserves financial stability for our utilities.

Keywords: 908, all

Summary: The Senate reconvened and handled several House messages and conference committee appointments before taking up a series of bills. It appointed conference committees on Senate Bill 2265 and House Bills 1454, 1448, and 1524. The chamber also adopted a Senate amendment to House Bill 1216, delaying its effective date for the copay accumulator prescription drug bill to January 1, 2026, with later renewal timing for non-PERS plans. House Bill 1216 then came up for final passage. Senators debated whether allowing copay accumulator programs to count manufacturer coupons toward deductibles would help patients with expensive drugs or unfairly shift costs to insurers and other policyholders. Supporters said it would help people afford life-saving medications and that the coupon payments go to pharmacies, not insurers; opponents argued it could raise premiums and create perverse incentives for drug pricing. The bill passed 29-18. The Senate also concurred in House amendments to Senate Bill 2160, which changes health insurance benefits under the Uniform Group Insurance Program to move from a grandfathered to a non-grandfathered plan, with supporters emphasizing added benefits and flexibility and opponents warning of higher costs and irreversible changes. That bill passed concurrence 33-14 and final passage 39-8. The Senate next concurred in House amendments to Senate Bill 2339, the wildfire mitigation bill, which requires utility mitigation plans to be updated every two years, incorporate national electric standards, and creates a rebuttable presumption of reasonable care if the plan is followed. The bill then passed final passage 46-1. The chamber also adopted conference committee reports and passed House Bill 1460 on adult foster care and monitoring devices, House Bill 1440 on cigar lounge tobacco use, and Senate Bill 2374 on insurance-related provisions including property insurance arbitration, managed repair programs, and surplus lines issues; SB 2374 also added a study on towing and recovery coverage. The session ended with announcements of upcoming conference committee meetings and adjournment until April 22, 2025.

Transcript Highlights:

• Now, members, this is the time for you to utilize her expertise.
• Mobile's water utility recently decided they had the authority to close our chairs like other public
• The utility company. The road leading to the lake was vacated by our County Commissioners.
• Our water utility shut down our reservoir permanently as of February 5th, 2025.
• Our water municipality has brought to the table the assurance that they will be the model utility.

Bills: HB471, HB473

Keywords: water authority, sewer management, fire protection, local governance, board of directors, local officers, water recreation, public access, water bodies, recreational use, water commissions, 1136, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• If we're going to help to fund the development of the software, Minnesota companies who utilize the system
• <00:01:54.360> the Minnesota companies who utilize the Minnesota companies who utilize the
• Governed by a board of directors including utility executives, regulators, and electric and RNG industry
• So, this could be a rebate utilized by several companies. And one last final comment, Mr.
• be uh utilized by by several<00:18:38.800> companies.

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• at the Public Utilities Commission.
• I'm Dan Goldner, Public Utilities Chairman.
• New Hampshire Public Utilities New Hampshire Public Utilities Commission<01:30:50.639> um<01:30
• <01:42:47.560> and to say well I listen to the utility and to say well I listen to the utility
• shareholders and utility customers.

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The committee first heard the Banking Department’s fiscal year 2026-2027 budget presentation from Commissioner Amelia Galeri. She described the department as a self-funded consumer protection regulator overseeing two main areas: the Banking Trust Division, which supervises state-chartered banks, credit unions, and trust companies, and the Consumer Credit Division, which oversees more than 7,000 licensees including mortgage and money transmitter businesses. She said the department’s budget is about 86% salaries and benefits, with 53 positions all filled, and explained that the agency funds itself through fees, fines, and end-of-year assessments on regulated entities. Galeri said the department is facing workload growth from several directions: continued growth in the trust industry, increased fintech supervision, and a new requirement to regularly examine auto dealers that take finance applications, which adds about 300 exams over two fiscal years. She said the department was directed to flat-fund its budget based on 2025 levels but was allowed to increase travel and training. To stay within that limit, she said the department reduced office space, went paperless, converted administrative and licensing positions into examiner positions, and expects to defund an embedded DOJ database administrator position once a new SharePoint system is fully implemented. Members asked about how the department’s revenue and assessments work, including whether fees were increasing and how much existing banks would pay. Galeri said fees are not being raised, most banks pay little or no fines, and assessments are based largely on asset size, with trust companies paying the bulk. She also explained that fines are set by statute, generally capped at $2,500 per violation for consumer credit entities, and said she would not recommend increasing that cap. The committee then voted to accept the Banking Department’s budget proposal as presented in HQ1, with a motion and second and no discussion. The transcript then moved to the Department of Energy budget. Commissioner Jared Chakin and Chief of Operations Lenny Radio discussed federal program funding, including LIHEAP fuel assistance and weatherization. They said the apparent drop in fuel assistance funding from FY 2024 actuals to the budgeted amount is due to the loss of ARPA and CARES Act supplemental funds, while weatherization remains a federally constrained program with a waiting list and limited flexibility. Members also asked about a proposed transfer from the renewable energy fund; staff said the transfer would still allow the department to carry out its statutory duties for the year, though the committee deferred deeper discussion until House Bill 2.

Transcript Highlights:

• <01:21:05.199> factors slightly different utilization factors slightly different utilization
• You talked about utilization. Some industries have longer utilization than others.
• With increased utilization, it would require a change in that.
• <01:28:52.400> claims utilization claims utilization claims how<01:28:55.520> does<01:28
• there has been an uptick in utilization there has been an uptick in utilization when<01:41:19.800

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Okay, let's call this hearing of the Senate Committee on Energy, Utilities and Communications to order
• Affordable housing development projects in San Diego have faced significant, unpredictable delays in utility
• Some utilities have worked across the board, have used SB 410, and have gotten the backlog down or eliminated
• proceeding, and as part of that work they've established essentially average timelines that the utilities
• So the Committee on Energy, Utilities and Communications will recess. All the other votes are cast.

Keywords: 987, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• I'm a utility analyst at the Public Utilities Commission. I'm here on behalf of the commission.
• I'm a utility analyst is Andrew Okave.
• I'm a utility analyst at<01:59:53.040> Public<01:59:53.360> Utilities<01:59:53.920>
• I'm here at Public Utilities Commission.
• <02:02:23.599> commission's utility commission's utility commission's authority<02:02:26.719><

Keywords: 910, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Utility District Number One would encompass approximately 250 acres with an additional 20 acres donated
• House Bill 5674 is the creation of the River Ranch Municipal Utility District Number One, consisting
• House Bill 5671 updates the Johnson County Special Utility District's enabling legislation to address
• House Bill 5695 creates a Sale Ranch Municipal Utility District.
• Let's see, to make this a template municipal utility district. Okay?

Bills: HB103

Keywords: 1185, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• <00:10:39.519> that of how funds should be utilized that of how funds should be utilized that
• <00:12:43.839> tax now stating that you cannot utilize tax now stating that you cannot utilize
• voters does utilize a barcode for tabulation purposes.
• , >> uh, I'm not sure if they're utilized, >> uh, I'm not sure if they're utilized, but
• utilize a process called allow listing. utilize a process called allow listing.

Keywords: Discussion of BR 25 (2026 RS) 04:15 Presentation on voting systems by ES&S 48:14 Presentation on voting systems by Hart InterCivic and Harp Enterprises 01:13:07, 958, all

Summary: The committee met to approve the October 21 minutes and then took up BR 25 for the 2026 regular session, a proposal relating to prohibited uses of tax dollars and public resources. The sponsors said the bill is intended to strengthen existing law by adding civil and criminal penalties for taxpayer-funded advocacy on ballot questions, especially in light of controversies during the 2024 election over school officials and districts using public resources to oppose a constitutional amendment. They also described related concerns about school districts hiring third-party lobbyists and public relations firms, particularly in Fayette County, and said the proposal was meant to keep tax dollars focused on public services rather than political persuasion. Committee members raised several concerns about scope and drafting. Some asked whether the bill should specifically mention schools, school boards, and school employees, and the sponsors said they would add that language. Others questioned whether the measure would also affect local government lobbying through groups like KLC and KCO, and the sponsors said they intended to focus narrowly on schools while exempting certain advocacy organizations and internal government lobbyists. Members also asked whether public employees could still speak as private individuals, and the sponsors said yes. Several members suggested splitting the lobbying and ballot-advocacy issues into separate bills, and the sponsors said they would consider that. Members also pressed for clarification on how the bill would apply in practice, including whether it would cover legal challenges to petition drives or only advocacy after a question is on the ballot. Counsel for the sponsors said the bill would not cover some petition-related litigation as drafted, though they believed it should. The sponsors and supporters argued the proposal was needed to give the existing prohibition real enforcement, while some members warned that the language could unintentionally limit legitimate public representation or be too broad if not carefully drafted. No final vote was taken during the discussion.

Transcript Highlights:

• So there's a utility allowance that HUD factors into that.
• and um so there's a and utilities and um so there's a utility<00:15:19.720> allowance<00:15:20.120
• > that<00:15:20.279> HUD<00:15:20.560> factors<00:15:20.959> into utility
• on this project and help pay for the common area utilities for years to come.
• <01:13:29.120> that short program and we've utilized that short program and we've utilized

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Summary: The committee on Housing and Homelessness Prevention heard presentations focused on public housing and related funding needs, with testimony from Minnesota NAHRO and several local housing authorities. Melissa Taphorn described the role of housing authorities statewide, including public housing, vouchers, CDBG/HOME funds, Bridges, and HEAT, and emphasized that public housing serves over 36,000 low-income Minnesotans, many of whom are seniors, people with disabilities, or children. She said federal operating and capital funds are insufficient, creating deferred maintenance backlogs, and noted that Minnesota’s public housing capital needs over a five-year period were about $500 million, with nearly $200 million unmet. She also discussed federal uncertainty, including a recent HUD funding freeze notice, possible changes to fair housing requirements, RAD repositioning options, and Build America, Buy America costs. Committee members asked about tenant rent calculations and the populations served. Testimony clarified that public housing residents generally pay 30% of monthly income, with utility allowances factored in, and that the average tenant rent in Minnesota is about $399. Members also heard that about 65% of public housing households are seniors or people with disabilities, while about 35% are families. The committee then heard examples of how state POP grants have been used to preserve public housing stock. Kurt Kina of the Red Wing HRA described multiple POP-funded projects that replaced windows, upgraded heating and cooling, and modernized electrical systems in a 100-resident high-rise, saying the work was essential to keep the building viable. Louise Siba of the St. Paul PHA testified that St. Paul’s authority serves nearly 22,000 people through more than 4,200 public housing units and over 5,200 vouchers, with most townhomes and high-rises serving elderly or disabled residents. She said St. Paul PHA has received nearly $16 million in POP funding since 2012, including about $8.5 million last year, and that those funds enabled major life-safety and modernization projects such as the Denan Terrace renovation and boiler, plumbing, and interior upgrades in high-rises. Jill Keers of the Duluth HRA described a broader set of housing programs, including vouchers, rehab loans, emergency repair funds, construction training, and development. She said Duluth HRA is adding 128 housing units between 2023 and 2025, including mixed-income rentals, senior housing, and family townhomes, and stressed that state investment through POP and other programs is necessary to keep housing affordable and safe.