Video & Transcript : 'inflation impacts' :

Page 150 of 500
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • You also asked about HR1 impact estimates.
  • You also asked about HR1 impact estimates.
  • How many recipients will be impacted by this proposal?
  • What are the likely personal and medical impacts?
  • What are the likely personal and medical impacts?
Summary: The Assembly Budget Subcommittee on Human Services held a hearing on the Governor’s May Revision, with no votes taken. The first major topic was child care and early education, where the Department of Social Services and Department of Finance outlined proposed changes to absorb federal Child Care and Development Fund and Proposition 64 revenue reductions, shift some funding between child care programs, end funding for prospective pay implementation now that the federal requirement has been rescinded, adjust the alternative payment administration structure, and fund child care infrastructure grants and a Low-Income Investment Fund contract closeout. The Legislative Analyst’s Office said the budget makes progress on the structural deficit but recommended maintaining the administration’s solution level, making reserve deposits, and avoiding new ongoing commitments; it also raised concerns about shifting reductions to the California Alternative Payment Program and about the proposed administrative-rate change. Committee members strongly criticized the proposed loss of child care slots and said they would oppose eliminating those slots, while also expressing support for child care as essential infrastructure. The committee then reviewed California State Preschool Program proposals. Finance and CDE described reductions to the preschool COLA from 2.41% to 2.01%, removal of prospective pay funding, and increases for the QRIS block grant, audit support, and rate reform implementation. Trailer bill language would codify age-based rate categories, inclusion-rate documentation, family fee collection rules, portability, and excused absences. CDE supported the QRIS increase and some attendance and family-fee changes, but warned that aligning three- and four-year-old rates could reduce support for three-year-olds and that the budget does not fully cover enrollment growth. Members also questioned whether the preschool and child care slot reductions should be reallocated rather than terminated, and the administration said the reductions were intended to reflect current utilization and avoid harm to currently enrolled families. The hearing then moved to CalFresh and nutrition programs. CDSS said the May Revision includes a one-time CalFood augmentation, funding to cover federal SNAP administrative cost-share pressures, and additional staffing and technical assistance to implement HR 1 changes, including the able-bodied adults without dependents time limit and new non-citizen eligibility rules. The department estimated HR 1 could cut CalFresh funding by $2.3 billion to $3.7 billion annually and affect about 500,000 people, with roughly 806,000 adults potentially subject to the time limit and about 34,000 non-citizens expected to lose eligibility once fully implemented. Members pressed for stronger harm mitigation, including a $98 million backfill to protect families from losing food benefits, and raised concerns about county workload and the “chilling effect” on immigrant participation. The final portion of the transcript began the IHSS presentation, noting a revised budget of $33.7 billion total funds and $12.8 billion General Fund, with proposed reductions tied to Medi-Cal asset-limit changes and other federal conformity items.
FL

Florida 2025 Regular Session

March 25, 2025 - 12:00 PM

Transcript Highlights:
  • Yes, inflation has driven up costs, but the skyrocketing lot rent increases we all are seeing go far
  • They accuse us now of not charging enough impact fees.
  • That will directly impact our historic districts and our Art Deco collection of buildings.
  • There are a lot of other concerns, including on line 541 waiving impact fees.
  • Anybody who lives in Broward County right now knows... ...impact fees.
Summary: The committee heard five housing- and resilience-related bills. HB 793 would create an International Aerospace Innovation Fund administered by Space Florida to support aerospace research, workforce development, and commercialization; it was amended with a clarifying change and passed unanimously. C.S. for HB 411 would extend an affordable housing property tax exemption to certain nonprofit projects on leased land through a housing finance authority, such as Habitat for Humanity projects; it also passed unanimously. HB 701 would require local housing assistance plans to allow mobile home owners on leased land to seek help with lot rent, and it passed unanimously after an amendment and testimony from mobile home advocates and AARP in support. The committee also considered C.S. for HB 393, which expands the My Safe Florida Condominium Pilot Program to help eligible condominiums fund hurricane mitigation projects, including roof-related work, with added eligibility and inspection requirements. The bill drew support from condo and housing groups and passed unanimously with committee substitute. The final and most extensive measure, HB 943, would significantly revise state land-use and development rules to promote affordable housing by limiting local restrictions, changing zoning and approval standards, adjusting parking and impact fee rules, and expanding accessory dwelling unit and mixed-use provisions. It generated extensive testimony, with many local officials, city and county groups, and preservation advocates opposing it as overly broad and preemptive, while housing and business groups supported it. HB 943 was amended several times during the meeting, including changes related to church-owned property, parking, historic landmarks, manufactured homes as accessory dwelling units, and fair housing language. The sponsor repeatedly said the bill was a work in progress and that additional changes would be made. After debate from members emphasizing both the need for more housing and the need to preserve local control, the committee approved HB 943 on a 14-1 vote, with Rep. Casello voting no.
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

FL House Floor Session - 2026-02-19 (9:00AM Session)

Florida House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • So the first year's impact is not even $5 billion across the entire state.
  • So the first year's impact is not even $5 billion across the entire state.
  • So this will impact all of us differently.
  • It impacts the Black community.
  • What unions would be directly impacted by this legislation?
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Water, Parks, and Wildlife Committee Jan 27th, 2026

Water, Parks and Wildlife

Transcript Highlights:
  • But the greater impact was the human impact: chronic stress, sleep deprivation, anxiety for months, constant
  • So we need to look at the overall impact, not just the fact of somebody going to be attacked. impact,
  • We've heard a lot about safety issues and the impact on humans.
  • impacts everything from mountain lines to monarchs.
  • We've heard a lot about safety issues and the impact on humans.
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

03/25/2026 - Senate Government

Senate Government Committee of Reference

Transcript Highlights:
  • disruption, and increased risk of chronic disease and cancer that specifically impacts our firemen.
  • Other ad valorem taxes are impacted.
  • Breaking these covenants would be financially harmful to the cities and towns and impact their existing
  • We all experienced for four years out of control inflation under the Biden administration, although in
  • We're talking about fees that are disproportionately impacting lower-income individuals at a... ...far
Summary: The committee approved the minutes from the prior February meetings and then took up several measures. HCR 2013, designating June 2026 as “Celebrate Life Month” in Arizona, drew emotional testimony from Crystal Cooper and Bella Stockton about their lives with spina bifida and support for the resolution. Senator Kennedy and others questioned the purpose of the resolution, arguing the state should focus on concrete supports for families, but the motion passed 4-1 with two not voting. Members then advanced HB 2327, which clarifies protections for eligible persons’ identifying information in county recorder records, with an amendment excluding voter registration records; it passed 5-0 with two not voting. HB 2258, adding La Paz County to the Tourism Advisory Council’s geographic area, also passed unanimously among those voting. HB 2397, expanding HOA/COA disclosure requirements for prospective buyers, was amended twice and passed 5-1; supporters said it would improve transparency about assessments and defects, while opponents warned about cost and administrative burdens, especially for smaller associations. HB 2015, imposing penalties for late federal/state financial reporting by state organizations, passed 4-2 despite concerns that the automatic penalties were too harsh and could be out of agencies’ control. The committee also approved HB 4049, allowing DCS to hire its own counsel and directing the Attorney General to represent the state’s interest in certain cases involving alleged DCS misconduct, though some members argued current law already addresses conflicts and that DCS had not been consulted. HB 4087, authorizing placement of a Barbara Love memorial in the governmental wall, passed without opposition. HB 2100, allowing counties to authorize certain small land subdivisions, passed 4-2 amid debate over water adequacy and the risk of “wildcat” development. HB 2460, preempting local fees and penalties tied to abandoned or stolen movable business property such as shopping carts, passed 4-2 after extensive testimony from cities, retailers, and advocates over local control, costs, and theft prevention. Finally, HCR 2056, a proposed constitutional amendment recognizing a right to refuse medical mandates, began hearing testimony; supporters framed it as bodily autonomy, while opponents, including pediatric and public health advocates, warned it would weaken vaccine requirements and outbreak protections for schools and children.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Natural Resources Committee Apr 28th, 2025

Natural Resources

Transcript Highlights:
  • When you talk about dewatering, are there any negative scientific impact reports...
  • Are there any negative scientific impact reports regarding metals, organic compounds?
  • wildfires, which impacted my district and others earlier this year.
  • And we're respectfully opposed because we would be impacted as well. Thank you so much.
  • And there's the climate and environmental impact there, but there's also financial impact to our customers
Summary: The committee heard several bills focused on environmental protection, climate policy, public health, and housing. AB 1425 would prohibit pit dewatering near the San Joaquin River Parkway where groundwater is shallow, with the author and supporters arguing it is needed to protect the river, groundwater, flood safety, tribal and cultural resources, and a nearby restoration area. Supporters included environmental groups, local residents, and Indigenous speakers, while CEMEX, labor representatives, and industry groups opposed the bill as an improper circumvention of the CEQA process that could threaten an existing mine and about 100 jobs. After extensive questioning about hydrology, blasting, and the CEQA record, the committee voted the bill out on a due pass as amended recommendation, with some members not voting and the roll left open for absent members. AB 881 would lift California’s moratorium on carbon dioxide pipeline regulation and direct the State Fire Marshal to develop safety standards for carbon capture and sequestration pipelines. The author and supporters, including SMUD, Calpine, utilities, labor, and industry groups, said the bill is needed to advance carbon removal goals, preserve federal funding, and support clean energy and jobs. Environmental justice and conservation groups opposed or opposed unless amended, warning that CO2 pipelines pose serious safety risks and that state authority and standards need to be stronger. The bill received a due pass as amended recommendation to Appropriations. AB 1207 would tie California’s cap-and-trade price ceiling to the federal social cost of carbon. The author and EDF said the measure would keep the program science-based and protect it from federal political interference, while no opposition was heard in the room. The committee approved the bill on a due pass recommendation. AB 1106, sponsored by air quality agencies, would create a network of regional air quality incident response centers to improve monitoring and public health response during wildfires and other disasters; it also received a due pass recommendation after testimony on mobile monitoring, VOCs, metals, PM, and asbestos sampling. The committee also heard AB 28, the Landfill Fire Safety Act, prompted by the long-running Chiquita Canyon landfill subsurface fire. The author and residents described serious health impacts and argued the bill would require monitoring, reporting, corrective action, and stronger enforcement when landfill temperatures rise. Waste and county representatives opposed the bill as drafted, saying the cause of the event is still unclear and the proposal could impose broad costs on landfills statewide, though they said amendments improved the framework. Members discussed the scale of the fire, possible medical impacts, and whether the bill would punish compliant operators; the bill was sent out on a due pass as amended recommendation. The committee also heard AB 357, which would require the Coastal Commission to act within 90 days on student and faculty housing projects in the coastal zone; supporters said it would help address student homelessness and housing costs, while coastal and planning advocates raised concerns about the amendment and the role of coastal review.
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

WAM-EDT Informational Briefing 01-12-2026

Hawaii Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • This is the be the economic impact.
  • </c> &gt;&gt; impact we can have. &gt;&gt; impact we can have.
  • So the impact, or the output for us, is not huge, but it's a big impact for those businesses who do go
  • </c> impact that you make to the state? impact that you make to the state?
  • And do you have a goal economic impact.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Health and Human Services - 03/11/25

Health and Human Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • The most impactful repository Wyoming.
  • </c><00:16:05.519><c> analysis</c> $640,000, while the impact analysis $640,000, while the impact analysis
  • Um it's been seven years since impacts.
  • . impact. impact.
  • Um, and so I do bring impacted member.
VT

Vermont 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Session - 2026-03-24 - 9:30AM

Vermont Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • is for $200,000 to conduct<00:31:00.880><c> an</c><00:31:01.040><c> economic</c><00:31:01.560><c> impact
  • </c> conduct an economic impact study. conduct an economic impact study.
  • or our inflation value, where you<01:31:20.360><c> can</c><01:31:20.560><c> look</c><01:31:20.760><c
  • </c><01:47:03.240><c> it</c> and have experienced how impactful it and have experienced how impactful
  • </c> impactful as that legislation was. impactful as that legislation was.
NH

New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session

House Finance Division II (03/25/2025)

Transcript Highlights:
  • Whereas if you took the 45% rate, what would the negative impact be?
  • :27.800><c> the</c> what would the negative what would the what would the negative what would the impact
  • 16:29.000><c> there</c><00:16:29.120><c> would</c><00:16:29.240><c> be</c><00:16:29.399><c> a</c> impact
  • be I think there would be a impact be I think there would be a disincentive<00:16:30.319><c> to</c><
  • </c><01:14:35.159><c> of</c> sheet to include the HHR the impact of sheet to include the HHR the impact
Summary: The committee first heard Representative Sweeney present and defend the budget amendment legalizing video lottery terminals (VLTs) and setting a 30% tax rate, with 65% of the tax going to the state and 35% to charities. He argued the lower rate was needed to encourage operators of historic horse racing (HHR) machines to convert to VLTs, saying the higher 45% rate would discourage adoption. He walked through revenue projections for fiscal years 2026 and 2027, estimating significant increases in state and charity revenue as machines transition over time, and said the amendment was designed to expand charitable gaming revenue overall. Several members questioned the assumptions behind his projections and the basis for his analysis, including why his independent research differed from the governor’s and Lottery Commission’s estimates. Sweeney said his figures were based on research into other states and conversations over many years, and he maintained that a 45% tax would likely result in no VLT adoption. Members also debated whether the transition costs for operators would be quickly recouped and whether the state’s share should be larger. One member emphasized that the committee was effectively choosing between a lower operator share and a higher state share, while Sweeney argued the 30% structure would produce revenue for everyone. The committee then moved to other revenue items on the tracking sheet. It voted 7-0 to accept the Lottery Commission’s revised base revenue estimates. Members also discussed an amendment to repeal the local option requirement for Kino games, which would expand Kino availability and was estimated to generate additional lottery profit in fiscal years 2026 and 2027. That amendment drew opposition from members who said local control was an important part of the original Kino policy and that removing it would override municipal decisions. The committee also noted that the VLT/HHR revenue item had already been adopted and was being revisited only to confirm the associated revenue estimates.
NM

New Mexico 2026 Regular Session

House - Chamber Meeting Jan 30th, 2026 at 12:05 pm

New Mexico House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • So the lost economic impact on the facility. Mr.
  • Sorry, economic impact. Are you aware of the impact that'll have financially on my district?
  • to impact Torrance County.
  • There is no concern for the economic impact.
  • Speaker, gentlelady, our analysis shows that the impact to the users, the folks that would be impacted
Bills: HM3 , HM11 , HM14 , HM15 , HM21 , HM25 , HB9 , SB2 , SB19
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • but we know. know, it is not our only impact.
  • No fiscal impact is currently budgetarily scored because this bill is prospective and future wildfire
  • The administration continues to look into the fiscal impact.
  • Just very quickly, do we estimate that if extended by the feds, the impact to the budget will be the
  • Third, IT also had to absorb rising operational costs due to the pandemic-induced inflation.
FL

Florida 2025 Regular Session

Agriculture Feb 4th, 2025

Agriculture

Transcript Highlights:
  • A tree crop takes years to recover from the kind of impacts that are sustained during a major hurricane
  • We have an annual economic impact of over $6.8 billion in the state of Florida. That's huge.
  • Despite the impacts felt from the hurricanes in 2020, we still have a large presence in the state of
  • This is important because, added to inflation in the food arena, world availability of orange juice is
  • Scientific research is the foundation for grower investment and messaging impact consumer demand.
Committee: Senate Agriculture
Summary: The Senate Committee on Agriculture heard an update on the Florida citrus industry from Matt Joyner of Florida Citrus Mutual and Shannon Shepp of the Department of Citrus. Both described the industry’s steep decline over the past two decades due to citrus greening (HLB), hurricanes, freezes, and aging groves, but emphasized ongoing recovery efforts through research, replanting, and new therapies. They highlighted promising tools such as plant growth regulators, protective screens and covers, direct oxytetracycline application, CRISPR-based breeding, and the CRAFT program, which has expanded to more than 10,000 acres of solid-set plantings and over 20,000 acres including resets. Members discussed disaster relief, property tax pressures, grower participation, and the need for assessment relief and other state support. No votes were taken on the citrus presentation. Shepp also outlined the Department of Citrus’s marketing and research role, noting strong consumer demand for Florida orange juice, global advertising efforts, and clinical research tied to health messaging. She said the industry remains a major economic contributor, with thousands of jobs and billions in economic impact, and that the department is working to maintain demand while growers replant and reset groves. Senators asked about the CRAFT program, new grower participation, and how advertising and state policy could help sustain the industry. The committee then received a performance review of the Opa-locka Soil and Water Conservation Districts from David Jahossky of Malden and Jenkins. The review found wide variation among the 49 districts studied, with many lacking recurring revenue, staffing, proper meeting notices, records retention, formal performance goals, and timely financial reports. The report identified nearly 400 recommendations and noted that some districts had already dissolved or were considering dissolution. Senators questioned whether the districts were duplicative of other agencies and whether they still served a useful purpose; the presenter said there was overlap and collaboration but no duplication. A public commenter from Jefferson County argued that local boards still provide trusted, community-based support for producers and help connect them to cost-share and best management practice programs. The chair indicated the review would inform possible legislation to improve or restructure the districts, and the committee adjourned without taking a vote.
WI

Wisconsin 2026 1st Special Session

Senate Committee on Universities and Technical Colleges Apr 9th, 2026

Senate Committee on Universities and Technical Colleges

Transcript Highlights:
  • And on your 2% question, inflation, I think I checked with BLS, is that... ...inflation, I think I checked
  • was on the Dane County Finance Committee, and I was only on the board there for 14 years, we did inflation
  • That adjusted for inflation today would be $395 million and change.
NH

New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session

House Judiciary (01/14/2026)

Judiciary

Transcript Highlights:
  • </c> impacts on incarceration. impacts on incarceration.
  • It says fiscal impact.
  • This bill does not fiscal impact.
  • . inflation. inflation.
  • I fear the impacts behalf of myself.
Committee: House Judiciary
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • Issues that impact our frontline workers.
  • , we do not yet have an estimate as to the fiscal impact.
  • , we do not yet have an estimate as to the fiscal impact.
  • You know, this is going to directly impact me.
  • Personal impacts, of course, are child care.
Summary: The subcommittee heard an informational update on the state’s generative AI implementation and related oversight. Administration officials said several proof-of-concept projects have moved into minimum viable product phases, including work at CDTFA and Caltrans, and that CDPH has a May Revision request for up to $8 million to scale up its healthcare facilities inspections project. The Legislative Analyst’s Office urged the administration to publish a report on lessons learned from each POC and recommended limiting the new generative AI approval process to a pilot through the first two rounds of projects, with continued monthly meetings and stronger legislative oversight. Members pressed for more transparency and questioned why the CDPH request was not included in January; the administration said the cost estimate was not available then and that only one project is seeking additional resources beyond existing departmental budgets. The committee then reviewed a proposed $400 million loan from the Labor and Workforce Development Fund to the General Fund. Finance and the Labor Agency said the fund has grown because civil penalty revenues have risen sharply, and the loan would be repaid in 2029-30 with provisional language allowing earlier repayment if needed. The LAO agreed the fund could support the loan but warned that recent PAGA reforms may reduce future revenues. Public commenters, including labor and community groups, argued the money should instead support labor-law enforcement and outreach programs such as CWOP, and urged rejection of the loan. Members also heard a Department of Industrial Relations request for $19.1 million for phase two of Public Works Information Technology System Enhancements, which officials said will support labor-law enforcement and apprenticeship registration. The department said the project was delayed because a prior procurement did not result in a contract award and that completion is now expected in October 2026. The committee then took up an EDD Next reappropriation technical adjustment to extend UI fund spending authority through June 30, 2026; the LAO said the request was fine but again raised concerns about oversight of the larger modernization effort, which EDD said now totals more than $660 million and is expected to continue through 2029. Finally, the committee discussed DGS’s request for new parking facilities near the May Lee Building and a trailer bill shifting statewide telework policy language from DGS to CalHR while also expanding NDI eligibility for certain CEA employees. The LAO said the telework trailer bill should likely go through the policy committee process instead of budget, and union and employee witnesses strongly opposed it, arguing it would undermine bargaining rights and could be used to narrow telework. In a separate item on the governor’s return-to-office order, administration officials said departments are being directed to move to a four-day in-office expectation starting July 1, 2025, but they had no statewide cost estimate yet because departments are still assessing vacancies, exemptions, and space needs. Members criticized the lack of analysis and said the state should have clearer numbers before moving forward.
WA

Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Appropriations Mar 9th, 2026

Transcript Highlights:
  • This would likely have minimal fiscal impact.
  • This would also have minimal fiscal impact.
  • This would likely have minimal fiscal impact.
  • However, as the number of facilities and counties that would be impacted is unknown, the fiscal impact
  • Weather-impacted shutdowns of our system, unfortunately.
Summary: The House Appropriations Committee met in executive session on three bills. For Second Substitute Senate Bill 6182, staff explained it would create an abortion savings program funded by a new assessment on health carriers to support grants for abortion clinical care access. Representative Marshall offered amendments to limit grants to Washington residents, expand eligibility to IVF and fertility providers, prioritize medically underserved areas, and add a 2031 sunset; all were rejected or withdrawn. The committee then voted 18-10 to report the bill out with a do pass recommendation. For Engrossed Substitute Senate Bill 6260, staff briefed a striking amendment that would reduce savings in K-12 spending by changing local effort assistance and Running Start limits, prioritizing some transition-to-kindergarten funding, and eliminating inflation increases for National Board bonuses. Members debated a series of amendments on bus depreciation, charter school LEA payments, transition-to-kindergarten funding, and Running Start. Some amendments were adopted, including a bus depreciation change and a Running Start adjustment, while others were rejected. The committee then adopted the striker as amended and reported the bill out 17-12 with a due pass recommendation. For Substitute Senate Bill 6355, which would establish the Washington Electric Transmission Authority and related board and advisory structures, members considered amendments on rural land-use expertise, eastern Washington board representation, corridor review standards, tribal workgroup removal, and payments in lieu of taxes for transmission facilities. One amendment was withdrawn and the others were rejected except for a landowner/rural expertise amendment that passed. The committee then reported the bill out 18-11 with a due pass recommendation. At the end of the meeting, members exchanged closing remarks thanking staff and colleagues, and the committee adjourned.
NM

New Mexico 2026 Regular Session

House - Appropriations and Finance Jan 17th, 2026 at 09:11 am

House Appropriations & Finance

Transcript Highlights:
  • To provide more insight on exactly what some of those issues are and how these requests impact those
  • We have an aging population, and you know expenses are going up, inflation is going up.
  • We really need to watch this with inflation and as we're moving towards their goal here, but they've
  • We have 2 million there, and I think this is something we really need to look at and how that impacts
  • Is this different than what we're now calling maybe targeted tutoring or high impact tutoring?
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • It has made such an impact on thousands of lives, changing the projection of students' lives. students
  • If there is a day that impacts Thank you, Mr. President.
  • The bill will curb artificial premium inflation that comes from excess charges. to move suspension.
  • And that is that the United States Supreme Court makes a lot of decisions that impact our schools, our
  • I'm really just talking about the fiscal impact.
Summary: The recent Senate meeting primarily covered two resolutions, HCR65 and HCR19, both of which were passed unanimously with little to no opposition. HCR65 was introduced in memory of Tracy Lee Vincent of Longview, while HCR19 was presented to honor the late Terrell Lynn Roberts of Angleton. The meeting included brief addresses from several senators, who shared personal reflections on the impacts of the individuals being honored and expressed gratitude for their contributions to the community. This collaborative atmosphere showcased the members' capacity for camaraderie and respect, emphasizing the importance of human connection in legislative proceedings.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Jobs and Economic Development - Part 2 - 04/02/25

Jobs and Economic Development

Transcript Highlights:
  • of COVID-19, supply chain disruptions, and inflation.
  • </c><00:14:48.279><c> of</c> and still recovering from the impacts of and still recovering from the impacts
  • We have had great impact at the epicenter of the population that we work with.
  • We have had great impact at the epicenter of the population that we work with.
  • </c><00:57:40.680><c> in</c> systems that may not have any impact in systems that may not have any impact