Transcript Highlights:

• and school districts.
• and school districts.
• Districts are already building it.
• I can see districts in my own district that populate a lot of the support list of every possible shape
• This simply offers more flexibility for the districts, and especially for the over 75 districts that

Keywords: 987, senate, all

Summary: The committee heard SB 1067, which would require annual math screening for students in kindergarten through second grade beginning in 2028-29 to identify early numeracy difficulties and connect students to evidence-based support. Senator Weber and supporters, including EdVoice and UC Davis researcher Dr. Charles Wilkes, argued that California’s math outcomes are too low and that early screening is a quick, developmentally appropriate tool that would not mandate curriculum or high-stakes testing. Opponents, including the California Mathematics Council, county superintendents, and CTA, said the bill adds a mandate without funding, could narrow instruction, and may lead to premature labeling or deficit-based thinking. Committee members discussed how the screeners would work and whether they would identify disabilities or simply flag students needing further assessment; the bill was left on call due to lack of quorum at the time of the hearing. SB 1110 was also presented as a child care subsidy administration measure that would stabilize funding for alternative payment programs and better distinguish administrative overhead from direct family services. Senator Becker and witnesses from the Child Care Resource Center and Every Child California said the bill would help providers manage enrollment, compliance, staffing, and payment timelines as the state transitions to enrollment-based funding. No opposition testimony was offered, and the bill received a favorable committee comment, but no vote was taken because quorum had not yet been established. The committee then heard SB 1374, which would allow public higher education institutions to seek temporary restraining orders on their own behalf when they face credible threats of violence not directed at a specific person. CSU and San Diego State University representatives described incidents where threats against a campus could not be addressed through current restraining-order law, and said the bill would close that gap and improve campus safety. There was no opposition testimony, and the bill was left on call pending quorum. Later, the committee discussed SB 1321, which would direct the State Auditor to review remedial education and student preparedness at selected UC and CSU campuses after a UC San Diego report showed a sharp decline in incoming students’ math preparation. Supporters, including the author and a community college union representative, said the audit would help identify the scope of basic-skills gaps and inform policy. Some members raised concerns about bypassing the usual audit-request process, but the bill was placed on hold for absent members. The committee also heard SB 1086 on microschools, which would direct model ordinances and statutory definitions for these small learning settings; after extensive questioning about definitions, oversight, and local land-use issues, the bill was moved on a do-pass motion to Senate Appropriations and placed on call. Finally, SB 1181 was presented as a limited pilot program to allow Central Valley schools to communicate with regional threat assessment centers about credible safety concerns, with the author and a victim’s mother describing it as a prevention tool after a student homicide; committee members expressed support for stronger coordination and guardrails, and the bill was discussed further as the hearing continued.

Transcript Highlights:

• That's a very big project in your district, and I want to make sure that your district gets That's a
• very big project in your district, and I want to make sure that your district gets taken care of regarding
• actually making money off the district.
• The school district put her back.
• to be excluded from the district so that services can be provided by a neighboring district.

Summary: The Senate first adopted a motion by Senator Zaffirini to suspend Senate Rule 5.14 and move the intent calendar deadline to 8:00 p.m. that day, also allowing the Secretary to make the calendar available as soon as practicable. The chamber then took up and passed several House bills, often by suspending the regular order and the constitutional three-day rule. HB 2128, relating to a study of rural firefighting and technical rescue capabilities, passed unanimously. HB 4157, on liability protections for commercial spaceflight and exploration, passed 28-3. HB 2240, concerning certain void marriages, passed after adoption of a Birdwell amendment extending filing deadlines to 90 days for certain active-duty service members and Foreign Service officers. HB 367, on verification of excused absences for students with severe or life-threatening illnesses, passed unanimously after clarifying school district forms and TEA model forms. HB 1506, expanding expedited handgun license eligibility to certain retired county court judges, passed 29-2. HB 4449, on alcohol sales in annexed municipal areas, passed 29-2. HB 3812, on health plan prior authorization requirements, passed 30-1. The Senate also announced a long list of bills and resolutions signed in the presence of the Senate. A major portion of the meeting centered on HB 521, a voting-related bill on curbside voting for voters with disabilities. Senator Paxton described it as an anti-misuse measure requiring a signed eligibility form for curbside voting, creating a 20-foot electioneering buffer, limiting election officer assistance in marking ballots unless a second officer is present, and adding reporting requirements for people who assist seven or more curbside voters. Senators Miles, Menendez, Johnson, Campbell, Cook, and others questioned whether the bill would burden disabled voters, create a de facto registry of volunteers, and impose a harsh Class A misdemeanor penalty for failing to complete the form. Paxton said the bill was intended to protect legitimate curbside voters and curb abuse, and the chamber adopted Paxton Floor Amendment No. 1 after a recorded vote. Zaffirini’s Floor Amendment No. 2, allowing an escorting voter to receive his or her own ballot at the curbside or entrance, was adopted. Menendez’s Floor Amendment No. 3 to reduce the penalty failed. The bill was then passed to third reading on a 20-11 vote, with a motion by Senator Miles to have the exchanges reduced to writing and placed in the journal adopted. The Senate also passed HB 3000, creating a grant program for rural ambulance service providers, after a comptroller-related amendment; HB 5616, establishing the Texas Presidential Library Promotion Program and funding for traveling exhibits, after narrowing the bill to mobile exhibits only; HB 4211, addressing certain residential property interests controlled by entities, which passed 30-1; HB 1178, creating temporary educator certificates for out-of-state certified educators and military spouses, which passed unanimously; HB 2243, creating the Texas Commission on Teacher Job Satisfaction and Retention, which passed after debate over the need to streamline education mandates; and HB 42, increasing and reallocating the constitutional Higher Education Fund appropriation by 50% to $1.18 billion, which passed 31-0. Finally, HB 2512, a Fort Worth-specific bill limiting ETJ release for land subject to active development agreements, passed after debate over broader ETJ and de-annexation policy, with a local-only clarifying amendment adopted and a proposed broader amendment withdrawn. The meeting ended with the Senate beginning consideration of HB 3372, which would bar school district administrators from receiving financial benefits tied to outside consulting or contracting with education entities, though the transcript cuts off during questions on that bill.

Transcript Highlights:

• And in the case of consolidated districts made up of two or more districts, only one district could levy
• <00:13:51.600> getting districts that the districts are getting districts that the districts
• school districts for the future. school districts for the future.
• Over 70 mandates that are squishing our schools in our district, in our districts.
• inability for our districts to operate. inability for our districts to operate.

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Nathaniel, Clark County School District.
• Nathaniel, Clark County School District.
• Clark County School District.
• Each school district has different resources, and AB 277 gives each district the flexibility to create
• Each school district has different resources, and AB 277 gives each district the flexibility to create

Keywords: 909, all

Transcript Highlights:

• We cannot do that to our teachers and our staff and those leaders in our district.
• We cannot do that to our teachers and our staff and those leaders in our district.
• In either case, whether... districts And Delay some of these for a districts And Delay some of these
• they come with the caveat that districts they come with the caveat that districts need<00:13:13.440
• The direct mission of this is for school districts and charter schools.

Keywords: 1183, house

Summary: The committee heard presentation on House File 6, an education omnibus-style bill advanced by Representative Peggy Bennett and other Republican members. Bennett said the bill reflects caucus priorities around literacy, parental engagement, local control, and school flexibility. She described three articles: Article 1 on revisions to the READ Act and the science of reading; Article 2 on education innovation and parent-friendly school information; and Article 3 on funding flexibility and temporary relief from several new mandates enacted in recent biennia. On Article 3, Bennett said school boards would be allowed to transfer certain funds and delay implementation of specified mandates through the 2028-29 school year, including provisions tied to recent early childhood and education omnibus laws as well as paid family and medical leave and earned sick and safe time. She framed this as giving districts time to implement requirements carefully and with fidelity, and said such decisions would be made by local school boards in public meetings. She also argued the bill would reduce the burden of new mandates and preserve local decision-making. Representative Mueller then presented Article 1, saying it strengthens the state’s commitment to the science of reading, ends the Department of Education’s partnership with CAREI, repeals some 2024 requirements she said were ideological, and restores expectations for teacher preparation and assessment. Representative Bakeberg presented Article 2, which would require a more user-friendly school performance report, consolidate certain innovation-related programs into a new chapter, and replace the Department’s equity/diversity/inclusion center with an Office of Achievement and Innovation focused on academic achievement. He said the office’s guidance would be advisory only and that local districts would retain final authority. The chair then laid House File 6 over for possible inclusion in an omnibus bill and further consideration at a later date.

Transcript Highlights:

• district mergers. district mergers.
• to district.
• next step are consistent from district to<00:15:22.920> district.
• districts as effectively as they could. districts as effectively as they could.
• over-weighting of tuition districts. over-weighting of tuition districts.

Keywords: 926, house, all

Summary: The caucus of the whole received an update from Representative Kornheiser on House Bill 955, focusing on the Ways and Means amendment and how it aligns with Act 73 and the House Education Committee’s broader education transformation work. She said the amendment was assembled from separate pieces developed earlier in the session and covers three main areas: planned property tax updates, steps needed for the future education finance system and foundation formula, and policy changes to support collaborative education service agencies and district mergers. She emphasized that the bill is aimed at the future state of the system, with many provisions tied to later effective dates and pending reports. Kornheiser described the property tax provisions as further defining the new non-homestead/second-home classification so the Tax Department can continue form development and data collection before rates are set, and she said the bill also advances regional assessment districts and a more regular reappraisal cycle. On education finance, she said the amendment adds school construction and school debt provisions, reserve guidance, pre-K funding study language, special education funding protections, and transportation-related follow-up work so those pieces can fit the foundation formula. She also framed the bill as reducing cost drivers in the system, citing health care savings, reference-based pricing, mental health coordination, special education scale, deferred maintenance, and larger-scale school organization. During questions, members asked about merger support funding, transportation timelines, private equity ownership of school transportation, tuition restrictions for approved independent and public schools, and the timing and finality of the second-home tax definitions. Staff explained that merger support would be reimbursed through AOE for committee expenses and would not count against excess spending thresholds, that transportation and other grant categories will be addressed in future reports and decisions, and that the transportation study does not explicitly name private equity but could encompass staffing and cost issues. They also confirmed that the tuition-related provisions apply to approved independent, in-state public, and out-of-state public schools receiving tuition, but only when the foundation formula takes effect. No votes were taken during the caucus; the update was informational, with the bill noted as having been referred to Appropriations and expected to come up for action later in the week.

Transcript Highlights:

• The districts?"
• The districts?"
• >> District<01:36:35.520> 38. >> District 38. >> District 38.
• The district<01:38:14.800> will district will district will start<01:38:16.320> engaging
• . districts. districts.

Keywords: 916, all

Transcript Highlights:

• It grew to a district event.
• Why are districts choosing the programs they're choosing?
• Why are our districts not doing that? Mr.
• Is that a district problem?
• For schools within a local district or for the whole district, there are a range of consequences.

Transcript Highlights:

• > no with the fire district though is by no with the fire district though is by no longer<00:02
• that same model for the fire districts that same model for the fire districts and<00:03:03.480><
• with the amendment is a new District with the amendment is a new District that<00:04:45.000>
• County when a special district is County when a special district is created<00:07:10.720> they're<
• districts other than taxing district districts other than school<00:42:10.880> districts<00:42

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Mays, Superintendent, Alhambra Elementary School District. Legislative District 22.
• Aspacia, Elementary School District, L.D. 29.
• Combs Unified School District. L.D. 22.
• Washington Elementary School District.
• , Phoenix Union High School District.

Keywords: 1182, all

Summary: The Senate convened with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, and an electronic roll call showing 30 members present. The body approved the previous journal and then paused for several memorial and guest recognitions, including a moment of silence for former Representative Noel Campbell, who died in a motorcycle accident. The chamber also welcomed visiting school district leaders, Grand Canyon University Government and History Club students, and Food Bank Day at the Capitol participants. Members then adopted a proclamation recognizing International Holocaust Remembrance Day, with remarks emphasizing the history of the Holocaust, the rise in antisemitism, and the importance of education and remembrance. A guest shared a personal family story about escaping Germany in 1938. Senator Bolick also read a proclamation for National School Choice Week, highlighting Arizona’s public, charter, private, homeschool, and microschool options and urging members to engage with schools in their districts. The Senate received numerous governor communications and introduced a long list of first- and second-reading bills covering topics such as education, water, energy, public safety, elections, health care, taxes, housing, and border issues. The chamber also received House Concurrent Resolution 2045 honoring the late Congressman Raul Grijalva; it was adopted unanimously, and the Senate observed a moment of silence. The session ended with committee announcements for the next day and adjournment until Wednesday, January 28, 2026 at 1:15 p.m.

Transcript Highlights:

• line the name with what the districts line the name with what the districts understood<00:10:20.079
• which fund that school district? which fund that school district?
• districts, and public school districts districts, and public school districts have<01:23:08.159>
• a school district other than their own. a school district other than their own.
• school districts. school districts.

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• In percentage, the school district report shows the largest 50 school districts in North Dakota, sorted
• The park district levies show the 50 largest districts again, sorted by taxable value.
• And the smallest was the Wing School District for $170. School districts were denied... $170.
• heard from all taxing districts like ambulance districts or fire districts, things like that.
• From all taxing districts, like ambulance districts or fire districts, things like that.

Summary: The Tax Reform and Relief Advisory Committee met with a quorum, approved the March 17, 2026 minutes, and heard a lengthy update from Tax Commissioner Brian Croshys on property tax relief programs. He reviewed the Homestead Property Tax Credit, Disabled Veteran Credit, and Primary Residence Credit, noting increased relief after House Bill 1158 and House Bill 1176, but also discussing how some households “income adjust out” of eligibility over time. Members asked about indexing income thresholds, expanding eligibility by age alone, simplifying administration, county-level notices, and whether the county and state systems could be streamlined. Croshys said the programs are heavily used, largely administered at the county level, and that the department is still refining compliance and reporting; he also said there were no material findings or overarching concerns in the latest review. The committee agreed more detailed PRC information would likely come back in a September meeting, and the chair announced an afternoon recess for lunch before later reconvening. Shelly Myers then presented the statewide property tax increase report, the zero-growth report, and a statistical report on property values and tax levies by class. She explained how county auditors report levy and valuation data, how increases and decreases are counted, and identified counties and cities with the largest percentage changes in growth or decline. She also summarized recent trends: agricultural values remain relatively flat, while residential, commercial, and centrally assessed values have risen over the last five years; in 2025, residential property accounted for the largest share of statewide property tax levies, followed by commercial, agriculture, and centrally assessed property. Committee members asked about unusual zero-growth figures, the effect of annexation and land-use changes, and whether the 3% levy cap was forcing political subdivisions to use reserves or defer spending. Myers said many counties complied by using reserves, delaying capital projects, or limiting increases, and that some counties had not used their full cap. The committee then moved to the stripper oil extraction tax exemption. Commissioner Croshys reviewed the state’s oil tax structure and estimated the revenue impact of keeping stripper wells exempt from extraction tax while still paying production tax. He said the exemption saves operators hundreds of millions of dollars over a biennium, while the state still collects production tax on those wells. He also discussed projected impacts if the exemption were changed for future wells and noted that future outcomes depend on oil prices, production declines, and technology such as CO2 enhanced oil recovery. Nathan Anderson of the Department of Mineral Resources briefly explained the historical difference between the 35-barrel and 30-barrel thresholds for certain wells, citing differences in completion costs and lateral lengths. The committee then heard from EERC CEO Charles Gorecki, who presented an analysis of oil well life cycles and said most oil is produced before wells reach stripper status, but that refracturing or other reinvestment can significantly extend production and keep wells above the threshold for years.

Transcript Highlights:

• Yeah, I think we have it actually organized by district number. Okay. It'll say the district total.
• it'll say the district it'll say the district total<00:33:38.919> so<00:33:39.360> what
• Local districts make.
• <01:14:41.560> it<01:14:41.719> and district the district then pays it and district
• and the district sent to that district and the district has<01:38:55.800> the<01:38:55.960>

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The Department of Education’s Bureau of Wellness and Nutrition presented an overview of the school meal and child nutrition programs it administers, including the National School Lunch Program, Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program, Community Eligibility Provision (CEP), After School Snack Program, Child and Adult Care Food Program, Summer Food Service Program, and Special Milk Program. Staff explained which programs are federally funded through USDA, which have state matching funds, and how reimbursement rates are set for different programs and fiscal years. They also walked the committee through a packet showing reimbursement tables, state and federal funding totals, and eligibility data. Members focused much of their questioning on how state and federal reimbursements work for lunch and breakfast, why lunch is shown as a state match while breakfast has meal-based breakdowns, and how the department allocates funds in the budget. The department explained that lunch uses a set state match tied to federal requirements, while breakfast reimbursement is based on meals served. They also reviewed FY 22-24 funding trends, noting higher federal spending during COVID-era waivers and lower amounts as those waivers ended. A committee member asked for the data in Excel and the department agreed to provide it. The discussion also covered summer meal programs and the distinction between the Summer Food Service Program and Summer EBT. Staff explained that SFSP provides meals at approved open or closed sites, while Summer EBT is a separate DHHS-run benefit program that provides funds to families; the two programs coordinate through data sharing but are not the same. Members also discussed CEP, with staff explaining that New Hampshire currently has three schools participating, that the qualifying threshold was reduced from 40% to 25% identified students, and that districts must cover the non-federal share with non-federal funds. No votes or formal actions were taken during the meeting.

Transcript Highlights:

• It had five school districts and now seven school districts receive additional compensatory revenue.
• school districts receive additional school districts receive additional compensatory<00:23:27.120
• There are districts that can voluntarily enter the program because they're adjacent to districts that
• Thank you. districts. Am I correct? Correct. The districts. Am I correct? Correct.
• districts, $20,000 for charter schools. districts, $20,000 for charter schools.

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• We already have one in Kerr County in my district.
• or a physical basis in many parts of the district where these utilities operate.
• Ed McCarthy: Jones said, I share with him, I personally am not aware of any district, including the district
• Groundwater districts don't have administrative penalty authority like the TCEQ or the PUC.
• All we have the authority to do is go before a district Brian Sledge: judge and ask a district judge

Bills: HB 4530, HB 4931, HB 5559, HB 5560

Keywords: water rights, Texas Water Trust, water bank, environmental conservation, water quality, instream flows, aquifer, water injection, Edwards Aquifer, environmental regulation, groundwater, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, water conservation, drought, utility regulation, water use restrictions, Public Utility Commission, civil penalties, drought contingency, environmental protection

Transcript Highlights:

• Uh, this district encompasses the western half of Cook County.
• The statute says you got to do business with the bank in that district.
• , the bearer, Medina, Atascosa district.
• Uh, members, uh, uh, House Bill 1646 addresses emergency service districts.
• I am a, um, emergency services district commissioner for.

Transcript Highlights:

• Jamie Miner, on behalf of Eastern Municipal Water District as well as Santa Margarita Water District,
• Lily McKay, on behalf of West Valley Water District and Elsinore Valley Municipal Water District, in
• Water District, and the Santa Clara Valley Water District, in support.
• Dana Nicol, Reeb Government Relations, on behalf of El Dorado Irrigation District, Palmdale Water District
• , Walnut Valley Water District, and Rallon Water District, in support.

Keywords: 988, house, all

Summary: The Committee on Emergency Management heard several bills after a delay while the Senate was in budget deliberations. The committee first approved the consent item, SB 895, on a do-pass motion to the Committee on Communications and Conveyance. The main policy discussion centered on SB 1299, which would place in statute a certification and training framework for fire sprinkler fitters and apprentices after prior regulations were struck on procedural grounds. Supporters said the bill would protect public safety by ensuring qualified installation and maintenance of fire suppression systems; opponents raised concerns about added costs, housing affordability, and impacts on rural areas. The bill was approved on a do-pass-as-amended vote to the Committee on Labor and Employment, with Assembly Members Hadwick and DeMaio voting no. The committee then heard SB 1153 on wildfire preparedness and public water systems. The author and supporters from water agencies argued the bill would require urban retail water suppliers to include wildfire response procedures in emergency plans, clarify that water systems are not designed to suppress large wildfires, and reduce litigation costs passed on to ratepayers. Several water districts, fire-related organizations, and business groups testified in support. Members discussed transparency, backup power for pumps, and whether the bill should require more public disclosure about generator capacity; the author said he would continue working on the issue. The bill passed on a do-pass-as-amended vote to the Committee on Environmental Safety and Toxic Materials. Finally, the committee considered SB 828, prompted by the Esparto fireworks warehouse explosion. The bill would tighten fireworks licensing and storage rules by requiring disclosure of storage locations, proof of local permits, and confirmation that licensees are not federally disqualified. Support came from local government and environmental health representatives, while one pyrotechnic operator opposed unless amended, arguing the permit-verification requirements could not be met for hobby rocketry and some jurisdictions lack a permit process. Members and the author discussed possible clarifications for model rockets and other niche uses, and the author said he would continue working with the Fire Marshal and stakeholders. SB 828 passed on a do-pass-as-amended vote to the Committee on Local Government, and the meeting then adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• Carol Dalby, District 100.
• Representative Shad Pierce, District 40.
• Tracy Steele, State Representative, District 72.
• He grew up and lived in my district.
• Shepard's district.

Summary: House Management considered a series of House resolutions and memorial resolutions honoring individuals, teams, and organizations. Measures included recognition of Justin Tate and the Elkins football team, memorial resolutions for Senator Gary Stubblefield and Representative Stanberry, Skin Cancer Awareness Month, the Razorbacks’ national wheelchair basketball championship, the High Hall boys basketball state championship, Mansfield High School’s volleyball and football championships, Rogers student achievements, the Piggott Patriots basketball championship, support for poultry producers affected by an Illinois River watershed lawsuit, the Junior League of Texarkana’s 100th anniversary, and Arkansas Line Workers Appreciation Day. The committee also heard an explanation that noncontroversial items generally go to the consent calendar, while memorials and potentially controversial items go to the red calendar. Most resolutions were briefly presented by their sponsors, with no questions from the committee, and were approved by voice vote. The committee also received guidance from the parliamentarian on the consent calendar process and how presentations are livestreamed and archived for public viewing. Representative Steele’s memorial resolution for Bishop Kenneth L. Robinson was described as a bipartisan, multi-district tribute reflecting his statewide ministry and community impact; it was also approved and placed on the red calendar. At the end of the meeting, members were reminded that the schedule could change, with possible meetings on Thursday and Monday the following week. The committee then adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• <01:05:25.920> by districts by districts by $543,000<01:05:27.760> in<01:05:28.000>
• range depending on the district.
• depending on the district. depending on the district.
• I mean, in my district, we talk a lot about our districts.
• So, I’m going to go down a couple of my school districts in my district.

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• the lady from the Brownie district.
• that the urban districts do, but he's correct: when you have seven school districts with nobody but
• , Mayhew District.
• Louis County District 83.” “From St. Louis County District 83. Thank you, Mr. Speaker.
• I would remind the lady from the Jones District that Amendment 3 passed in her district by 10.7%.

Summary: The House convened with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, and approval of the House Journal by a 123-0 roll call vote. Members then used points of personal privilege to recognize National Police Week, honor Rep. Prouty, and share personal remarks, followed by numerous introductions of special guests, including school groups, interns, a militia reenactment group, and student teams from the University of Missouri and Hallsville FFA. The chamber then handled Senate messages and committee reports before taking up House Bills 1839, 2921, and 3015. Rep. from Cass explained a Senate amendment as a technical correction to House Bill 1839, which would add age-verification requirements for online pornography; the House concurred 104-30 and then finally passed the package 112-25. The House also adopted and then passed the conference committee report on House Bill 2596, which was described as modernizing pooled health plan language for small businesses and adding a provision expanding contraception insurance coverage from a six-month to a 12-month supply, while removing a Senate-added blood pressure cuff provision. The conference report was adopted 120-26 and the bill was third read and passed 119-27. The final major item was Senate Bill 905, creating the Missouri Ranger training program and allowing school districts to optionally place highly trained rangers on campus with narrow law enforcement powers. Supporters argued it would give districts another local-control option to improve school safety, especially where school resource officers are unavailable, and emphasized that it could be volunteer-based and not require state funding. Opponents argued the bill would add guns to schools, increase trauma and liability, and fail to address underlying mental health and school safety needs. After extended debate and a successful previous-question motion, the House adopted the amendment and continued consideration of the bill.