Video & Transcript Research : 'modernization'

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CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Floor Session Jan 12th, 2026

California House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Nowadays, modern cultures seem focused on self-interest and personal well-being.
Summary: The Assembly met in session after a quorum call, with the clerk calling the roll and a quorum eventually declared present. The day began with a prayer and the Pledge of Allegiance, followed by routine procedural actions: the previous day’s journal was dispensed with, committee reports were deemed read, and several motions were approved, including unanimous consent to allow specified members to speak on adjournments in memory and to let Assemblymember Ortega have guests in the rear of the chamber. The body also gave one-day notice to remove SB 25 from the inactive file. On the daily file, Assembly Bill 673 was read with amendments and the amendments were deemed adopted. Concurrent items 2 and 3, Governor’s vetoes in items 4 through 77, reconsideration items 79 through 81, and third-reading items 82 through 84 were passed and retained or continued as noted. No substantive floor debate occurred on legislation during the session, which was described as a very short session. Most of the meeting was devoted to adjournment-in-memory tributes. Members honored Monica Lynn Martinez Hayes, a Capitol scheduler and artist; Edwin Silva Brazil, a dairyman and community leader; Grand Master Deng Huiduk, a martial arts instructor and mentor; victims of a Stockton shooting, including four young people; and the victims of the Eaton and Palisades fires. Several members spoke about the fire victims by name and emphasized recovery, resilience, and the need to support affected communities. A moment of silence was observed, the names were ordered printed in the journal, and the House adjourned until Friday, January 16 at 9 a.m.
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Appropriations Committee on Agriculture, Environment, and General Government Oct 8th, 2025

Appropriations Committee on Agriculture, Environment, and General Government

Transcript Highlights:
  • If we can take the human portion out of that and be able to use modern technologies that can address
Summary: The Appropriations Committee on Agriculture, Environment, and General Government convened with a quorum present and excused Senators Arrington and Pizzo. The committee first took up confirmation hearings for appointments on tabs 1 through 4, and Senator DiCeglie moved to recommend confirmation of all appointees together. The motion passed unanimously, and the appointees were favorably recommended. The main presentation was from FWC Chief Conservation Officer George Wharton on invasive species management in Florida. He described the scale of the problem, including more than 500 non-native species reported in the state, and outlined FWC’s prevention, containment, removal, outreach, and research efforts. He highlighted risk screenings, the conditional/prohibited species framework, enforcement actions against illegal wildlife trafficking, and public programs such as the Florida Python Challenge, lionfish outreach, the Exotic Pet Amnesty Program, and the “I’ve Got One” reporting app. He also noted ongoing removal efforts for pythons, tegus, lionfish, and iguanas, and discussed new technologies and partnerships aimed at improving control efforts. Members asked follow-up questions about FWC issues beyond invasive species, including the status of special activity licenses for threatened species and giant manta rays, the upcoming bear hunt, and whether the committee could help reduce barriers to invasive species removal on federal lands. Wharton said all SAL permits for threatened species are currently suspended pending Commission review, that Florida is on track for a bear hunt this December with 172 permits issued across four subpopulations, and that bear management is based on scientific data while urban bear conflicts still require separate management. He also said federal partners are increasingly cooperative on python control, including commercialization of hides, and that drones, sentinel snakes, robotic lures, and AI-based traps may improve future invasive species removal. Senator Sharief and Senator Burton later requested to be recorded as voting affirmatively on tabs 1 through 4, and the committee then adjourned.
WA

Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session

JLARC I-900 Subcommittee for SAO Performance Audits Sep 17th, 2025

JLARC I-900 Subcommittee for SAO Performance Audits

Transcript Highlights:
  • risks in real time, strengthening incident response protocols, increasing cybersecurity training, modernizing
Summary: The Joint Legislative Audit and Review Committee held a public hearing on the State Auditor’s Office cybersecurity performance audits for fiscal year 2025, covering both state agencies and local governments. SAO staff explained that the audits are conducted independently under Initiative 900 and are kept confidential at the entity level, with detailed findings shared directly with the audited organizations. They reported that state agency audits found nearly one-third of assessed safeguards fully implemented on all systems and 227 vulnerabilities across seven agencies, including three critical and 21 high-severity issues. For seven local government cybersecurity audits, nearly a quarter of safeguards were fully implemented on all systems, and auditors identified nearly 300 vulnerabilities, including nine critical and 47 high-severity issues. SAO also summarized its ransomware resiliency audits and critical infrastructure audits for local governments. In six ransomware audits, a little over 35% of assessed safeguards were not in place, while about 60% were at least partially in place. In 39 critical infrastructure audits, focused largely on water and sewer providers, auditors found over 260 vulnerabilities and said more than 10% were critical or high. Staff highlighted that these audits have led to improvements, including one vendor making security changes after SAO testing that were later echoed in a federal advisory. They also described related services such as cybersecurity checkups, policy guidance, and other cyber-related work by the office. Washington Technology Solutions’ state chief information security officer, Ralph Johnson, praised the audits and said they help protect essential public services. He cited a sharp national rise in ransomware incidents against governments and said Washington has used more than $11 million in federal and state cybersecurity grant funds for over 200 projects. In response to questions from Representative Scott, SAO and WOTEC discussed options for addressing urgent vulnerabilities, including compensating controls, grant funding, and low-cost mitigation steps. The committee also discussed how Washington’s program compares nationally, with Johnson saying Initiative 900 is unusually comprehensive and that local governments often seek audits voluntarily. No votes were taken, and the hearing adjourned after public testimony was offered but none was given.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Appropriations Committee Apr 9th, 2025

Transcript Highlights:
  • It is my pleasure to present to you AB 482, an update to modernize the California Table Grape Commission
Summary: The Assembly Appropriations Committee met on April 9, 2025, with a large regular-order agenda and a consent calendar. The committee first approved a set of unanimous consent bills, then heard and acted on several measures, generally with authors describing them as having minor or absorbable fiscal effects. Bills discussed included AB 439 on Coastal Act streamlining, AB 322 on school-based health and mental health reimbursement participation, AB 679 on state park land acquisition exemptions, AB 482 updating the California Table Grape Commission law, AB 681 increasing the Dream Loan Program cap, AB 40 clarifying emergency services include reproductive health care, AB 454 making the California Migratory Bird Protection Act permanent, AB 572 creating protections for families of people killed or seriously injured by peace officers, and AB 639 narrowing the definition of dams to avoid extra regulation for certain water operators. Testimony was largely in support of the bills. Supporters included representatives from the University of California, the California Table Grape Commission, Audubon California, Sempervirens Fund, emergency physicians, health equity groups, water districts, and several impacted family members and advocacy organizations on AB 572. AB 572 drew especially emotional testimony from family members describing police-involved deaths and the need for transparency and protection from coercive questioning. No organized opposition was raised on most of the bills heard in committee, though AB 439 drew no-votes from some Republicans, and AB 572 and other measures were framed as low-cost or cost-neutral. The committee reported the bills out on roll calls after motions and seconds, with several measures passing on B-roll calls and AB 482 passing on an A-roll call. After the hearing on presented bills, the committee also approved the suspense calendar and accepted brief public comment on bills not heard that day, including opposition to AB 339 and support for AB 335. The meeting then adjourned.
TX

Texas 89th 2nd C.S.

89th Legislative Session Mar 31st, 2025

Texas House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Safety, and Veterans Affairs, HB 4196 by Rodas relating to the establishment of the Task Force on Modernizing
TX

Texas 89th Regular

89th Legislative Session Mar 31st, 2025

Texas House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • HB 4196 by Ordaz relating to the establishment of a task force on modernizing manufacturing, referred
Keywords: 1184, house, all
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Appropriations Committee Mar 19th, 2025

Appropriations

Transcript Highlights:
  • This bill aligns with the goals for the fare plan modernization and broader sustainable insurance strategy
Keywords: 988, house, all
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Joint Session Mar 4th, 2025

Florida Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Now, Speaker Perez represents the busy, fast-paced, modern Miami, the gateway of the Americas.
Summary: The Florida House and Senate met in joint session to open the 2025 legislative session, receiving the Florida Cabinet, the Florida Supreme Court, and then Governor Ron DeSantis. The session included a prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, and a motion to appoint a committee to notify the governor that the joint session was ready to receive his message. The committee was appointed, the governor was introduced, and the joint session recessed until his arrival. In his address, Governor DeSantis highlighted Florida’s economic performance, low unemployment, business growth, tourism, and insurance reforms, and urged further action on property insurance, the My Safe Florida Home program, and tax relief. He also called for continued immigration enforcement, praised school choice and teacher pay initiatives, defended higher education reforms, and discussed Hope Florida, hurricane recovery, environmental restoration, and infrastructure. He specifically urged lawmakers to address petition fraud and the constitutional amendment process, condominium reform, and stronger Second Amendment protections. The governor also reviewed prior legislative accomplishments, including tax cuts, parental rights and education measures, anti-DEI actions, law enforcement bonuses, and other conservative policy changes. He thanked legislative leaders and cabinet officials, encouraged continued cooperation over the next 60-day session, and closed by urging lawmakers to build on Florida’s record of productivity. After the governor departed, the joint session voted to dissolve.
DE

Delaware 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Legislative Session - Session 2 - 42nd Legislative Day Jun 30th, 2026

Delaware Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • The creation of artificial entities became popular under modern-day estate planning several decades ago
  • pivotal role in advancing policies to improve educational outcomes, increase accountability, and modernize
  • This bill also brings Delaware's Constitution into close alignment with modern law and modern values.
  • House Bill 145 updates Delaware law to address a modern form of digital search known as reverse keyword
  • House Bill 145 updates Delaware law to address a modern form of digital search known as reverse keyword
Summary: The Senate received communications from the House on numerous measures, including several bills and resolutions passed with amendments, committee reports on bills such as large energy use facilities, campaign finance, voting rights, and appropriations, and a list of pre-file legislation. The chamber then moved through a long floor session with confirmations, bill readings, and roll-call votes, ultimately confirming the nomination of Morgan T. Zern to the Delaware Supreme Court by a 21-0 vote. Among the major policy items considered were property tax and school tax measures tied to the statewide reassessment. The Senate passed House Bill 460, clarifying monthly municipal permit-data reporting to New Castle County; House Bill 461, granting temporary authority for New Castle County school districts to reset school tax rates for one cycle; and House Bill 462, making the split school tax rate permanent with a lower nonresidential cap. Members discussed the fiscal effects at length, including testimony from a school district finance officer that HB 461 would allow revenue-neutral rate setting and offset the fiscal note on HB 462. The Senate also passed House Bill 365 creating a Delaware Indigenous Affairs Commission, House Bill 458 on backflow requirements for low-hazard buildings, Senate Bill 27 establishing the Office of New Americans with a sunset and interagency coordination, and Senate Bill 315 on the Delaware Technical Innovation Program. The chamber also approved Senate Substitute 1 for Senate Bill 300, a firearms dealer regulation bill, after extensive debate over amendments, confidentiality, background checks, and the balance between public safety and burdens on lawful dealers. Several members raised constitutional and practical objections, while supporters argued the bill would reduce trafficking, straw purchases, and theft from dealers. In addition, the Senate passed House Bill 305 creating a diabetes wellness pilot program, with supporters emphasizing the state’s diabetes burden and the program’s federal funding, and House Concurrent Resolution 157, which asks the State Lottery Office to report on iLottery’s impact on small businesses. Senate Bill 325, a fire prevention/background-check bill, was laid on the table after concerns about a late House amendment and requests for more time to consult stakeholders.
NH

New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session

House Session (06/04/2026)

New Hampshire House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • But the modern gay movement has decided that's not allowed.
  • <05:37:41.280> has<05:37:41.520> decided But the modern gay movement has decided But
  • the modern gay movement has decided that's<05:37:42.240> not<05:37:42.400> allowed.
  • From the earliest organizing efforts to the resistance that sparked the modern movement, transgender
  • It is a practice of resistance and survival. the resistance that sparked the modern the resistance that
Keywords: 1189, house, all
KY
Transcript Highlights:
  • We're modernizing our processes. Um, it's probably been a minute since we've done that.
  • We're<02:03:38.560> modernizing<02:03:39.199> our<02:03:39.520> processes.
  • <02:03:40.400> Um<02:03:41.520> we We're modernizing our processes.
  • Um we We're modernizing our processes.
  • We actually want to be a nice modern town home that has multiple floors that allows people to live at
Summary: The committee met with a quorum, approved the previous meeting minutes, and heard a presentation from Austin Reid of the National Conference of State Legislatures on education-related provisions in the federal One Big Beautiful Bill Act (H.R. 1). Reid said the law is projected to increase the federal deficit over 10 years, with major savings coming from Medicaid, student loan changes, and SNAP. He focused on how those changes could affect schools, including possible effects on free and reduced-price meal certification, state funding formulas that use SNAP as a proxy for low-income status, and Medicaid-funded school services for students with disabilities. Reid also outlined the new federal scholarship tax credit, which gives a dollar-for-dollar credit for donations to qualifying scholarship-granting organizations. He said families up to 300% of area median income may benefit, the program begins in 2027, and states must opt in and designate eligible organizations. He noted unresolved questions about whether states can add their own criteria and said Treasury regulations will be important. He also described the expansion of 529 plans to cover more K-12 and postsecondary expenses. On higher education, Reid explained a new workforce Pell grant option for short-term programs, with states and governors playing a role in determining eligible programs. He said the programs must meet placement, completion, and earnings measures and that implementation is expected to be tight before the July 1, 2026 effective date. He also reviewed student loan changes, including lower institutional loan limits, prorated borrowing for part-time enrollment, new caps on graduate and Parent PLUS loans, and a new earnings-based accountability standard that could make some programs ineligible for student loans if graduates earn too little. No votes were taken beyond approval of the minutes.
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Congressional Redistricting, Select Aug 1st, 2025

Congressional Redistricting, Select

Transcript Highlights:
  • Aren't these gerrymandered maps a modern method of methodically mutilating minority voting power?
  • Also know that it's not modernization.
  • And today, there are modern barriers like voter ID laws.
  • I am living in modern-day slavery, and I ask everybody to give us a chance.
  • It's modern-day slavery. Thank you for your testimony. The chair calls Taylor Coleman.
Bills: HB4
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on State and Local Government - 04/08/25

State and Local Government

Transcript Highlights:
  • This DE amendment focuses on maintaining stability across state operations, modernizing our core systems
  • I want to acknowledge the critical role this committee has played in advancing modern and secure digital
  • we would ask for your consideration is that the main portion of the bill involving our desire to modernize
  • our<02:20:54.560> billing<02:20:54.960> procedures<02:20:55.520> to modernize
  • our billing procedures to modernize our billing procedures to eliminate<02:20:56.240> certain
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
NH

New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session

House Criminal Justice and Public Safety (01/30/2026)

Criminal Justice and Public Safety

Transcript Highlights:
  • I urge you to modernize the system that was created when the only place to publish was a newspaper and
  • I urge you to modernize the system that was created when the only place to publish was a newspaper and
  • I urge you to modernize the system that was created when the only place to publish was a newspaper and
  • I urge you to modernize the place.
  • I urge you to modernize the system<00:57:11.680> that<00:57:11.920> was<00:57:12.079>
Keywords: 1189, house, all
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Senate in Session Apr 30th, 2025

Florida Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • This bill seeks to streamline and modernize the process in which we train and certify our teachers.
  • This bill seeks to streamline and modernize the process in which we train and certify our teachers.
  • So what this bill seeks to do is address that by modernizing and hopefully amplifying the teacher certification
  • So what this bill seeks to do is address that by modernizing and hopefully amplifying the teacher certification
  • By modernizing and hopefully amplifying the teacher certification pathway and encouraging more to go
Summary: The Senate began with opening prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, and several recognitions, including interns, Denim Day awareness, and a resolution honoring Vietnam veterans exposed to Agent Orange on the 50th anniversary of the fall of Saigon. The chamber also observed a moment of silence for former Senator Karen Johnson Gendron. After routine business, the Senate took up several special-order bills. The first major bill, transportation offenses involving death, increased penalties for repeat DUI/BUI manslaughter and vehicular homicide offenses. An amendment added penalties for refusal to submit to breath or urine testing and required law enforcement to notify suspects of those penalties. The bill passed 37-0. The Senate then passed SB 306 on Medicaid providers, requiring broader after-hours and holiday access to care and setting network standards for Medicaid managed care plans, also by a 37-0 vote. The chamber next considered a major condominium and cooperative associations bill responding to post-Surfside safety and financial concerns. Senators described the measure as balancing building safety with financial relief, extending reserve-study deadlines, allowing temporary reserve relief after inspections, tightening oversight of managers and inspectors, and adjusting voting, resale, and reserve rules. After extensive debate and praise from members for the bill’s sponsors and staff, the bill passed 37-0. The longest discussion centered on a constitutional amendments/petition process bill aimed at curbing fraud in citizen initiative petitions. Sponsors argued that the 2024 petition process was plagued by fraud and identity theft and proposed tighter rules for circulators, faster submission deadlines, voter notification, penalties, and limits on petition handling. Senators offered and adopted multiple amendments, including changes to petition-circulator definitions, invalid-signature thresholds, and voter notification procedures. After a substitute amendment was withdrawn, the Senate continued debating the underlying amended bill, with members split between concerns about election integrity and worries that the bill would burden volunteers and make it harder for citizen initiatives to qualify.
NH
Transcript Highlights:
  • “Um, but since the legislature adopted a modern approach to trust law in New Hampshire in the 2000s,
  • regarding was the sole decision maker regarding trusts.<01:00:27.680> In<01:00:28.000> modern
  • In modern New Hampshire trusts, trusts.
  • In modern New Hampshire trusts, things<01:00:29.359> are<01:00:29.520> a<01:00:29.680><
  • Representative Innis had said, the evolution of the New Hampshire trust code with the approach to modern
Keywords: 928, house, all
Summary: The committee first held a public hearing on Senate Bill 25, which would allow state-chartered credit unions to compensate board members if the membership approves it. Prime sponsor Senator Dan Innis said the bill is enabling only, intended to help credit unions recruit and retain qualified directors and align New Hampshire with other states that already allow such compensation. Credit union representatives from the Cooperative Credit Union Association and St. Mary’s Bank supported the bill, saying board service has become more complex because of cybersecurity, asset-liability management, and other regulatory demands, and that compensation could be modest and take forms such as meeting fees or educational reimbursement. In response to committee questions, they said compensation would be set by the membership, disclosed in advance, and subject to bylaws and internal policies; they also noted that board members must be credit union members and that voting procedures vary by institution, with some using mailed ballots rather than proxy voting. Members raised questions about why credit union boards were historically excluded, what kinds of compensation were contemplated, whether there would be a cap, and how voting and confidentiality would work. Testimony explained that the historical rationale was the nonprofit, volunteer mission of credit unions, but witnesses argued that the modern environment and competition for talent justify a change. They also said the bill would not mandate compensation and would not create a salary structure comparable to banks, but would allow members to approve modest compensation or reimbursements. After no further testimony, the chair closed the public hearing on Senate Bill 25. The committee then opened a public hearing on Senate Bill 26, sponsored by Senator Howard Pearl, concerning the definition of deposits in land sales and escrowed accounts. Pearl said the bill would clarify that buyer funds for upgrades and luxury items in new-home construction are not treated as refundable deposits that must be held in escrow, arguing that the current Attorney General interpretation raises builder costs, increases home prices, and can limit buyer choices. He said the proposal would allow those upgrade funds to be paid directly to builders for construction, with signed disclosures making clear that the buyer requested the items and bears the risk if financing falls through. The hearing on Senate Bill 26 had just begun when the transcript ended.
AL

Alabama 2025 Regular Session

Alabama House Mar 18th, 2025

Alabama House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • had two of the best probate mean, we've had two of the best probate judges in my lifetime in the modern
  • you judges in my lifetime in the modern you judges in my lifetime in the modern you modern history.
  • Judge uh Allan King and modern history. Judge uh Allan King and modern history.
Keywords: 1136, house, all
HI

Hawaii 2025 Regular Session

JHA Public Hearing - Tue Feb 25, 2025 @ 2:00 PM HST

Judiciary & Hawaiian Affairs

Transcript Highlights:
  • It also modernizes and removes some obsolete language. I'd be happy to answer any questions.
  • It also modernizes and removes some obsolete language. I'd be happy to answer any questions.
  • It also modernizes and removes some obsolete language. I'd be happy to answer any questions.
  • It also modernizes and removes some obsolete language. I'd be happy to answer any questions.
  • It also modernizes and removes some obsolete language. I'd be happy to answer any questions.
Keywords: 910, house, all
Summary: The committee first heard House Bill 302, which would repeal the requirement that a provider-patient relationship for medical cannabis certification be established in person first. The Department of Health said it supported the House Draft 2 version as a way to expand patient access, and several testifiers from the medical cannabis community and dispensary industry supported the bill, especially for patients on outer islands or those unable to travel. One witness asked that earlier language removed in committee be restored to further improve access. Representative Shimizu asked whether follow-up in-person visits would still occur, and DOH responded that this varies by provider, with some continuing in-person care and others moving to telehealth for chronic conditions. The committee then took up House Bill 712, relating to the federal 340B drug pricing program and contract pharmacies. The Office of Consumer Protection and the Attorney General’s office both said they supported the bill’s purpose but wanted it clarified and possibly moved into a standalone chapter rather than chapter 481B. Supporters, including Hawaii Pacific Health and the Queen’s Health Systems, said the bill is needed to protect safety-net funding and access to discounted drugs, citing large financial benefits from 340B and losses caused by manufacturer restrictions on contract pharmacies. PhRMA opposed the bill, arguing the issue is not access to discounts but accountability and transparency in how contract pharmacies distribute benefits, and said it was willing to discuss amendments. Members asked follow-up questions about whether there was data showing misuse; PhRMA said it did not have numbers, while hospital witnesses said the program is federally audited and used appropriately in Hawaii. Finally, the committee heard House Bill 1482, HD1, which would tighten hemp and controlled-substance definitions to exclude Schedule I cannabinoids from manufactured hemp products and clarify the treatment of artificially derived cannabis. The Department of Health supported the measure, saying it adds clarity to existing prohibitions. Kūre Hawaii and other supporters said it would close loopholes involving Delta-8 and similar products. An individual testifier urged stronger language to also cover compounds such as HHC, THCA, THCP, and THCO. In response to questions about enforcement against mislabeled hemp products, DOH explained that THC percentages are relative to product weight, that some products can remain under the hemp threshold while still containing significant THC, and that hemp flower is already prohibited from direct retail sale, though enforcement can be complicated and involves both administrative and criminal authorities.
MN

Minnesota 2025 1st Special Session

House Agriculture Finance and Policy Committee 1/22/25

Agriculture Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • essential internet service has become an essential service<01:17:07.840> for<01:17:08.000> modern
  • society and I know I service for modern society and I know I don't<01:17:09.320> need<01:17:09.440
  • Broadband um an essential tool in Broadband um an essential tool in today's<01:23:16.560> modern
  • ><01:23:17.120> world<01:23:17.719> remains<01:23:18.239> accessible today's modern
  • world remains accessible today's modern world remains accessible and and and affordable<01:23:21.639
Keywords: 1183, house
Summary: The House Agriculture Finance and Policy Committee met for an introductory session to begin the new legislative session. Members and staff went around the table introducing themselves and describing their agricultural backgrounds, including farming, livestock, crop production, county government, and related research or staff roles. Chair Paul Anderson emphasized agriculture’s importance to Minnesota’s budget and economy, welcomed new members and staff, and noted that the committee would have a full agenda. The committee then heard a presentation from the University of Minnesota’s College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences, Extension, and the Forever Green initiative on the GREE program (Agricultural Research, Education, Extension, and Technology Transfer). Testimony described GREE as a state investment created in 2015 to support agricultural productivity and growth through research, education, extension, and technology transfer. Speakers highlighted its broad focus areas, including crop and livestock genetics, soil health, water quality, nutrient management, microbial science, agroecological innovation, and technology stewardship, as well as rapid-response funding for emerging issues such as waterhemp, PRRS, and avian influenza. University witnesses said the program has brought in faculty and extension educators, generated sponsored research awards, and leveraged state funding into additional grants and contracts. They cited a reported roughly 12-to-1 return on investment and said the state has invested about $39 million since 2015. They also noted additions such as a deep winter greenhouse program and a tribal representative on the advisory group. No committee votes or formal actions were taken in the portion provided.