Video & Transcript Research : 'use of force'

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MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Human Services Finance and Policy Committee 3/26/2026

Human Services Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • Please state your name for the record and give us your presentation. kind of get an angle, but we expect
  • But this is squeezing all of what's usually years worth of work into just a couple of months here.
  • that have interest of 5% or more<00:10:52.399> of<00:10:52.720> the<00:10:53.040> of
  • Um and more of the of the organization.
  • Chapter 144D cleanup, establishes standards around the use of restraints.
Bills: HF729
NM

New Mexico 2026 Regular Session

House - Judiciary Feb 7th, 2026 at 09:12 am

House Judiciary

Transcript Highlights:
  • You work for us. So please help us to reduce this amount of barrage.
  • Okay, Madam Chair and Representative, so the people that can use the force, some type of force, if there's
  • You know, currently, when any of us are victimized who are not part of law, Currently, when any of us
  • I don't know how I say this to lawyers, all of us, most of you on the committee.
  • It's tough for those of us who knew some of those folks.
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

WAL Public Hearing - Tue Apr 7, 2026 @ 10:00 AM HST

Water & Land

Transcript Highlights:
  • Depends on, you know, what is being required of us.
  • uh is being required of us. uh is being required of us.
  • <00:32:34.560> of<00:32:34.880> of hazards, especially in times of of of hazards, especially
  • I kind of, in the same line of questioning, guess for me the keyword is the definition of temporary.
  • > Parks County of Honolulu Department of Parks County of Honolulu Department of Parks and<00:40
Summary: The Water and Land Committee met on April 7 and heard testimony on several resolutions and one bill. SB 2405 SD1 HD2, relating to agricultural workforce housing, received support from the Department of Agriculture and Biosecurity, HFTC, and the Hawaii Farmers Union, and the committee later recommended passage as is; one member voted with reservations citing department cost and staffing concerns. The committee also heard HCR 19/HR 20 designating March as March for Water Month, HCR 63/HR 57 urging DLNR and DOT to clarify jurisdiction over Honouliuli Bridge, HCR 85/HR 77 on transferring parcels for the East Kapolei TOD project, HCR 140/HR 132 on vegetation management and fuel reduction in West Maui, HCR 166/HR 156 on identifying East Oahu lands for native Hawaiian tree planting, HCR 82/HR 74 on basic shelter standards for rapid deployment housing, HCR 98/HR 90 on a Honolulu housing pattern book, HCR 104/HR 96 on North Shore coastal trails, HCR 106/HR 98 on endorsing Waikiki as a world surfing reserve, HCR 141/HR 133 on Maui fire code enforcement, and HCR 165/HR 155 on permanent pickleball nets and lighting at Kamiloiki Community Park. Testimony was generally supportive on most measures, with several agencies and organizations submitting written comments or appearing in support. HCR 82/HR 74 drew the most discussion: the State Council on Developmental Disabilities supported the intent but asked that accessibility be considered on the front end, while another testifier opposed the resolution, arguing it could turn temporary emergency shelters into permanent substandard housing and should be deferred. Committee members discussed temporary versus permanent housing standards and accessibility, and the chair later said the measure would be amended to require permanent units to meet appropriate code standards and to note accessibility concerns in the committee report. On HCR 140/HR 132, DLNR testified that firebreak maintenance on its Waianae lands would be costly, and members noted funding and staffing implications. At the end of the meeting, the committee adopted the chair’s recommendations on the measures it voted on. SB 2405 was passed with a reservation from one member; HCR 19/HR 20, HCR 63/HR 57, HCR 85/HR 77, HCR 98/HR 90, HCR 104/HR 96, HCR 106/HR 98, HCR 141/HR 133, and HCR 165/HR 155 were passed unamended, while HCR 140/HR 132 was passed with reservations and HCR 166/HR 156 and HCR 82/HR 74 were passed with amendments. The committee then adjourned.
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

WLA DEFER, WLA Public Hearings 02-13-2026

Water, Land, Culture and the Arts

Transcript Highlights:
  • Um, so it's kind of a multi-prong approach. >> The reason I bring this up is because many of us did go
  • Um, so it's kind of a multi-prong approach. >> The reason I bring this up is because many of us did go
  • fish from one place to another, that can kind of give us an indication of how healthy that particular
  • Chair, does the measure include members of the task force or the working group?
  • or the working of the uh task force or the working group?
Summary: The committee heard testimony on several measures related to hunting, trespass enforcement, conservation banking, coral reef resilience, and search and rescue. SB 2130 would require DLNR to increase the percentage of public land acreage designated for public hunting areas; DLNR offered comments, the Hawaii Cattlemen’s Council expressed concern, and a Game Management Advisory Commission member urged adequate funding for both study and maintenance of any expanded hunting areas. SB 2128 would require forfeiture to the state of firearms or motor vehicles used in hunting trespass on private land; the Hawaii Cattlemen’s Council supported the bill, and another signer testified without additional detail. The committee also heard SB 3053, which appropriates funds to DLNR’s Division of Aquatic Resources for mangrove removal and shoreline/stream maintenance in the Westlock and Middleock shorelines and watersheds. DLNR supported the measure and noted staff involved in mangrove removal work; no other testimony was offered. On SB 20005, which authorizes conservation banks for compensatory mitigation in habitat conservation plans and incidental take licenses, DLNR supported the bill but said a House measure, HB 1802, would place key safeguards in statute rather than administrative rules. Earthjustice opposed SB 20005 for lacking statutory safeguards and said it would support incorporating the House language, while CARES supported the bill as a modernization that could reduce permit processing time and provide more predictable costs. A lengthy discussion followed on SB 3201, which would direct DLNR to prioritize coral reef resilience and set performance targets for coral cover and herbivore biomass. DLNR said it supported the intent but wanted more flexibility because outside factors such as climate and emissions policy affect reef conditions; the Nature Conservancy shared that concern and asked for more flexible language. For the bill, For the Fishes strongly supported stronger protections and suggested adding abundance as a metric, while NOAA and DLNR discussed the difficulty of setting universal benchmarks because reef conditions vary by location. Randy Kosaki and CARES supported the bill, emphasizing coral decline and the need for measurable goals, while committee members asked about restoration projects, benchmarks, and whether the bill’s deadlines were meant to require a plan rather than immediate achievement. Finally, the committee took up SB 2937, which would create a search and rescue card program and special fund to reimburse state, county, and volunteer search-and-rescue operations. DLNR’s wildlife division said it stood on its written testimony, and the Hawaii SAR Alliance supported the concept but said Hawaii first needs a stronger search-and-rescue framework, including a state coordinator, before implementing such a program. No votes or final actions were taken on any of the measures in the portion of the meeting provided.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Elections Finance and Government Operations Committee 3/25/26

Elections Finance and Government Operations

Transcript Highlights:
  • According to the US Department of Why?
  • For this system can work for all of us.
  • Of course, as Representative Coulter schooled us on the Schoolhouse Rock of the two ways in which you
  • It's why 81% of of Americans want<01:09:37.440> us<01:09:37.600> to<01:09:37.759> do
  • I'm led us to a couple of amendments.
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

WLA Public Hearing 02-06-2026

Water, Land, Culture and the Arts

Transcript Highlights:
  • c> guidance kind of give us a little more guidance kind of give us a little more guidance as<00:19
  • review of land use um applications review of land use um applications before<00:48:44.079> them
  • Uh, we would be able to make use of this measure if passed in the reconstruction of Lahaina, and hope
  • of this uh measure if passed to make use of this uh measure if passed in<00:53:16.400> the<00
  • Uh >> Oh my gosh, [laughter] so many of us.
Summary: The committee heard testimony on several measures, beginning with SB 2982 on campaign finance, which would prohibit foreign entities and foreign-influence businesses from making contributions and expenditures. The Attorney General’s office testified first, followed by the Campaign Spending Commission, which supported the bill but asked for clarification on constitutional review authority and additional implementation time for certifications, forms, and procedures. Common Cause also supported the measure, arguing it would help protect elections from dark money and foreign influence. No vote was taken. The committee then took up SB 2367 on a state boating facilities lease program for the Ala Wai small boat harbor. DLNR supported the bill, while UPW opposed it, warning about privatization of a public asset and possible job displacement. Several members of the public supported the concept but urged amendments to protect public access, affordability, youth ocean programs, and state employee jobs. Committee members questioned DLNR about the scope of the lease, the role of the Board of Land and Natural Resources, and whether public access and existing concessions would remain protected. DLNR said current leases would remain, the board would retain approval authority, and employees would not necessarily be displaced, but members indicated more discussion and possible amendments were needed. For SB 2818 on boating penalties, DLNR testified in support and there was no opposition testimony. The committee also heard SB 2944 on conservation, which would require wildlife viewing guidelines that substantially conform to NOAA guidance and reporting requirements; DLNR said it stood on its written testimony. SB 2022 on water code penalties drew support from DLNR’s Commission on Water Resource Management, which said the bill’s two-tiered penalty structure would preserve deterrence while keeping the current $5,000 penalty for first-time or non-harmful violations. The Board of Water Supply submitted comments, and Ulupono Initiative supported the measure as a needed enforcement tool. Committee members discussed whether the higher penalty ceiling should be phased in and asked for stakeholder input on the amount of the penalties. Finally, the committee began SB 2240 on land use, which would require water availability certification from the Commission on Water Resource Management before a district boundary amendment proceeds to the Land Use Commission. DLNR supported the bill and said it often reviews project documents that lack sufficient information on water needs and availability, so the measure would allow earlier review and comment. The committee also indicated it would seek amendments and further feedback on the water penalty bill before it moved to the next committee.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Transportation Finance and Policy Committee 4/13/26

Transportation Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • siloing of land use and transportation. siloing of land use and transportation.
  • of us look at that and say, well, do we really need a Medal of Honor license plate in the state of Minnesota
  • of us look at that and say, well, do we really need a Medal of Honor license plate in the state of Minnesota
  • It used to cost a lot of money to design these plates.
  • 01:19:53.040> design It used to cost a lot of money to design It used to cost a lot of money to
Summary: The committee approved the April 8, 2026 minutes and then heard House File 3373, which was laid over. The bill sought trunk highway bond funding for preliminary and final design work at the 70th Street interchange in St. Paul Park. Representative Hansen, Mayor Keith Frankie, and Washington County Commissioner Karla Bigham described the interchange as undersized and increasingly unsafe because of refinery truck traffic, aggregate hauling, nearby growth, and changing traffic patterns. Members asked about prior study, cost, and greenhouse gas requirements, and the bill author said the request was about $500,000. Chair Cosgrove noted the bill would be laid over and suggested the issue could involve future statutory exemptions. The committee then took up House File 4449, also laid over, after adopting the A4 author’s amendment. Representative Jones presented the bill as a transit planning and accountability measure for the Twin Cities metro. It would set numeric transit goals, require better coordination between road projects and future transit projects, and give the Met Council more tools to support transit-oriented development, including property acquisition and development around transit corridors. Jones argued the bill would help avoid rebuilding roads twice and improve transit ridership, frequency, speed, and reliability. Representative Olson offered an amendment to exempt highway projects primarily addressing documented safety issues, arguing that safety projects should not be burdened by added transit requirements or costs. Jones said she supported the safety concern but opposed the amendment as written because the bill was aimed at major construction projects. After a roll call, the amendment failed on an 8-8 tie. The bill itself remained laid over for further work, with the chair noting there was still time to refine the proposal.
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Community Affairs Jan 27th, 2026

Community Affairs

Transcript Highlights:
  • And so I just felt like it wasn't a great use of my resources.
  • And so I just felt like it wasn't a great use of my resources.
  • does go around our development order process, forcing us to administratively approve the rezoning of
  • Thank you, Vice Chair, for doing that part of the meeting for us.
  • Thank you, Vice Chair, for doing that part of the meeting for us.
Summary: The committee took up a series of land use, housing, local government, and public notice bills, along with a firefighter cancer bill and a bill on temporary door locking devices. SB 984 on firefighter cancer benefits and prevention was explained as clarifying access to death benefits and a one-time cancer payment for firefighters; it was reported favorably. SB 1612 required local governments to accept electronic payments online; it also passed favorably. SB 1180 created a recall framework for elected community development district board members and, through a strike-all amendment, also addressed synthetic turf enforcement and expanded compact urban mixed-use district definitions; the amendment was adopted and the bill was reported favorably. SB 936 allowed temporary door locking devices above the finished floor and directed the Building Commission to add standards to the Florida Building Code; it passed favorably. The committee also considered SB 380 on legal notices, which would let certain local government entities publish notices on their own websites or other designated sites instead of relying on newspapers in more cases. The Florida Press Association, Common Cause, and newspaper representatives opposed the bill, arguing it would fragment public notice access and make notices harder to find and verify, while supporters said it would modernize and reduce costs. The bill’s amendment clarified which agencies were covered, and the committee reported the bill favorably. SB 962 on affordable housing narrowed prior zoning preemption language so working farms and farm operations would not be unintentionally captured by Live Local-style rules; it passed favorably. SB 1444 on state preemption and religious expression, private clubs, and minor home construction drew support from religious freedom advocates and opposition from cities and counties, which warned of vague terms and overbroad preemption; it was reported favorably. The committee then approved SB 218, which would limit the reach of last session’s hurricane recovery land-use preemption to counties actually damaged by hurricanes and restore normal local land-use authority in unaffected counties. SB 1434 on infill redevelopment would streamline zoning and subdivision approvals for environmentally impacted parcels in certain urban counties to encourage housing on contaminated or underused land; counties and local-government groups opposed it as an overbroad preemption and raised concerns about the environmental threshold and density provisions, but the bill was reported favorably. SB 1020 on chickees prohibited local ordinances from blocking chickee construction if setback requirements are met and made unauthorized attempts to circumvent the building code a misdemeanor; it passed favorably. Finally, SB 948 on local government land development regulations and orders, as amended, proposed a statewide starter-home framework with lot-split and zoning changes to increase housing supply; local-government and planning groups warned it would function as a rigid statewide zoning code and could drive overdevelopment, while housing advocates supported it as necessary state action. The committee reported the bill favorably after extensive debate.
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Environmental Regulation May 19th, 2025

Environmental Regulation

Transcript Highlights:
  • This bill aims to protect the health of our communities by prohibiting the use of firefighting foams
  • The 2020 National Defense Authorization Act required the Department of... to halt the use of PFAS-based
  • Additionally, 19 states have restricted the use of PFAS-based foams, with 15 of those states banning
  • Of us, 10 miles of us, what is the right distance for us?
  • If you can give us a ring fence of at least 10 miles of no mining.
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Ways & Means Mar 17th, 2025

Ways & Means

Transcript Highlights:
  • All of us who may not have the other 99.99% of cities. our cities are losing that sales tax revenue as
  • It's the most exciting bill I think in front of us today. So lots of excitement there.
  • But it's not lost on us the bigger picture analysis of all of this.
  • the use of this.
  • , so you're going to be getting a lot of use tax from that.
DE

Delaware 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Administration Committee Meeting Jun 17th, 2026

Administration

Transcript Highlights:
  • of made that change without us having to do anything with that bill.
  • I think this bill, kind of like when we had Representative Romer's bills in front of us for the New Castle
  • I think this bill, kind of like when we had Representative Romer's bills in front of us for the New Castle
  • This bill applies to data centers that use, or are capable of using, 100 megawatts of power or more.
  • The fact that they hid information from us—we spent thousands of dollars in Freedom of Information Act
Bills: SB268, SB306, SB264, SB312
Summary: The House Administration Committee met to consider a series of resolutions and bills covering arts districts, child care background checks, federal worker relief, health care reform, court transparency, school tax reassessment, municipal charter changes, constitutional amendment procedures, data center nondisclosure agreements, state employee benefits governance, and lieutenant governor vacancies. Members also noted that House Concurrent Resolution 12 had been removed from the agenda and that public comment would be limited to one minute per speaker. The committee released SCR 167 to study arts, culture, and creative districts in Delaware; HB 438 to close a loophole in the child care service letter requirement; SB 268 to provide interest-free loans, free transit, and tax deferrals for federal workers during shutdowns; SS2 for SB 1 to expand and permanently strengthen primary care investment while also addressing hospital cost growth; HCR 147 to request a Court of Chancery report on audio recordings and automated case assignment; SB 322 to replace the current post-reassessment 10% school revenue increase authority with a 2% annual increase option under safeguards; SB 306 to amend the Rehoboth Beach charter; HB 440 to require voter approval for constitutional amendments after legislative approval; SB 312 to bar nondisclosure agreements for large data center projects; SS1 for SB 289 to change State Employee Benefits Committee governance; and SB 264 to require a special election to fill a lieutenant governor vacancy. Testimony was mixed on several measures. Arts, child care, federal worker relief, primary care, court transparency, data center transparency, and the lieutenant governor vacancy bill drew mostly supportive testimony, while SB 322 and SB 306 drew both support and opposition, especially over tax impacts and the proposed spouse/partner restriction in Rehoboth Beach. HB 440 prompted debate over whether 55% voter approval was the right threshold for constitutional amendments, and SB 312 was supported as a transparency measure by residents affected by prior data center NDAs. All of the listed measures were released from committee by roll call vote, with some members voting no on HB 440, SB 306, SB 312, SS1 for SB 289, and SB 264.
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

03/23/2026 - House Health & Human Services

Health & Human Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • , exceedingly low and acceptable to all of us at this time.
  • One hospital uses both of them, two of them.
  • And we kind of worked through Senator Kavanaugh. He was kind of the go-between for both of us.
  • profit of people who prey on us.
  • Within one year of us going our separate ways, he was...
Summary: The committee first heard Senate Bill 1121, which would prohibit hospitals from requiring lead aprons for cardiac catheterization staff when a radiation protection system is in place, while still allowing hospitals to require aprons outside the designated safety zone or when exposure levels warrant additional protection. An amendment added flexibility for radiation safety officers to require lead or other PPE if exposures approach occupational limits and removed expedited rulemaking language. Supporters, including the sponsor and interventional cardiologists, argued the devices reduce radiation and orthopedic injuries and improve recruitment and retention; hospital groups shifted to neutral after the amendment. The committee adopted the amendment and passed SB 1121 on a 9-2 vote. The committee then considered Senate Bill 1120, which would require hospitals performing cardiac catheterization procedures to equip at least 50% of those rooms with radiation protection systems by 2027. Supporters said the systems protect clinicians from radiation and long-term injury, while opponents, including hospital and radiology groups, argued the bill was overly prescriptive, could create a captive market, and might not fit all rooms or procedures. After adopting a children’s hospital exemption amendment, the committee passed SB 1120 on a 6-6 vote, with the chair breaking the tie in favor of the bill. Senate Bill 1118, an appropriation measure tied to the radiation protection system proposal, was also advanced after brief discussion, passing 6-5. The committee then took up Senate Bill 1214, which would create guardrails for non-FDA-approved stem cell and regenerative therapies, including provider standards, informed consent, advertising limits, reporting requirements, and a private right of action for violations. Supporters described it as a patient-protection and access bill, while testimony emphasized concerns about unregulated “bad actors” and patients traveling out of state for treatment. The committee adopted an amendment removing a reference to the National Law and passed SB 1214 on a 9-3 vote. The transcript then began discussion of SB 1630, which would create a Medicaid-funded home and community-based service benefit for adults with serious mental illness, with AHCCCS taking a neutral position and estimating a significant fiscal impact.
OK

Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session

Judiciary and Public Safety Oversight Mar 5th, 2026 at 10:30 am

Judiciary and Public Safety Oversight

Transcript Highlights:
  • Sherman, one of the other concerns I have from a legal standpoint is that the bill uses the language
  • By ordering the defendant to give up a bond of up to 10% of the current market value of the property.
  • This really just codifies it so that next year when some of us may not be here, somebody may change their
  • So I know that this is kind of one of those topics right now that's also heavy among all of us.
  • , they are forced to commit certain crimes if they are found guilty of those crimes.
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Transportation Jan 12th, 2026

Transportation

Transcript Highlights:
  • out of context, but even taken out of context, saying things like, if I see a black pilot, I'm going
  • It is only a matter of time before.
  • Seeing no debate, besides, a lot of things start in your neck of the woods, don't they? They do.
  • It expands the types of transactions and circumstances in which the Department of Highway Safety and
  • Motor Vehicles may use email in lieu of U.S.
Summary: The Transportation Committee heard and advanced several bills, mostly related to honorary roadway designations, specialty license plates, and Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles administration. SB 628 designated a portion of South Navy Boulevard in Pensacola as “Warrior Sacrifice Way” to honor Ensign Joshua Watson and Petty Officers Muhammad Hatham and Cameron Walters, who were killed in the 2019 Naval Air Station Pensacola attack. The bill passed favorably with no debate or opposition. The committee also considered SB 174, naming a portion of State Road 985 in Miami-Dade County as Charlie Kirk Memorial Avenue. Senator Arrington opposed the bill during debate, citing Kirk’s public statements as inconsistent with the honor, while Senator Rodriguez argued the designation was an honorary roadway naming that did not require agreement with Kirk’s views. The bill was reported favorably. SB 388, which raises the annual use fee for the Florida Wildflowers specialty license plate from $15 to $25 while keeping the lower fee for owners with more than 10 vehicles, also passed favorably after a support-only public comment. Members then approved SB 470, which opens the Fraternal Order of Police specialty plate to the general public and allows redesigns to help sustain sales and increase funding for law enforcement memorial efforts. Public testimony from the FOP supported the change. SB 584 authorized DHSMV to enter agreements allowing county tax collectors to enforce certain commercial driving school provisions, aimed at addressing fraud and licensing abuses, and it passed favorably with support. Finally, the committee approved SB 488, the DHSMV agency package updating IFTA compliance, online filing, crash reporting thresholds, registration procedures, email communications, and tank vehicle definitions, along with SB 490, the companion public records exemption for email addresses used under SB 488; both were reported favorably, with SB 490 noted as requiring a two-thirds vote.
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

WAM-LBT, WAM Informational Briefings 01-20-2026

Hawaii Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • comes to us is new classes of work. comes to us is new classes of work.
  • >> No, because you only used 1/4 of that amount.
  • you only used of that use >> We No, because you only used of that use 1/4<01:04:11.119> of<
  • So the way the bill works is the money comes, the Department of Taxation tells us the amount of money
  • <02:03:23.760> up<02:03:24.000> and year of us getting the program up and year of us
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

Senate Floor Session 02-02-2026 11:30am

Hawaii Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:01:08.560> day<00:01:08.799> and journal of the preceding day and journal of the
  • round of applause, please. Thank you. round of applause, please. Thank you.
  • Four of them I met this morning.
  • to have here with us uh the leader of the Senate of Ireland, Senator Mark Daly.
  • of Ireland, Senator Mark of the Senate of Ireland, Senator Mark Daly.<00:14:49.839> Please<00:
AL

Alabama 2026 1st Special Session

Alabama House Agriculture and Forestry Committee Mar 11th, 2026

Agriculture and Forestry

Transcript Highlights:
  • Uh there's been a lot of input on this bill and I know last year we passed a version of it.
  • for the type of dog.
  • us have gotten the emails and pictures of just, I mean, dogs that are starved, dogs that are out there
  • <00:13:22.320> I period of time? I don't I don't know. I period of time?
  • c><00:15:08.480> emails<00:15:08.800> and of us have gotten the emails and of us have gotten
Bills: HB446, HB446
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

02/12/2026 - House Artificial Intelligence & Innovation

Artificial Intelligence & Innovation

Transcript Highlights:
  • everybody making, of AI making the decisions for us.
  • I mean, it is, but this is a bill, this is an us bill where every one of us is going to have a little
  • And I used them for a lot of things that I would have used a junior associate for a few years back.
  • And I used them for a lot of things that I would have used a junior associate for a few years back.
  • It's one of those things, I think, you know, we see a lot of things with our kids and with us as adults
Summary: The committee met in a special morning session and first heard HB 2371, a pilot proposal to allow consenting divorcing parties without minor children to use AI-assisted arbitration in simple divorce cases. Rep. Martinez described it as a voluntary, fairness-focused tool for people who cannot afford lawyers, with the judge retaining final authority. Members raised concerns about the bill’s binding-language, privacy, and the need for clearer guardrails on assets and support, but the sponsor said amendments were welcome. The committee voted 7-0 to give HB 2371 a do pass recommendation. The committee then took up HB 2311, which requires conversational AI systems to notify minors they are interacting with AI, restrict sexual content, prohibit deceptive human impersonation, and require self-harm response protocols. Google testified in support, saying its Gemini product already uses similar safeguards and that the bill would set an industry-wide floor; a speaker also noted similar measures are being considered in several other states. After adopting a committee amendment clarifying customer-service AI and limiting developer liability, the committee voted 7-0 to recommend HB 2311 do pass as amended. Next, the committee heard HB 2409, creating a voluntary statewide summer AI education program focused on digital hygiene, civic integrity, privacy, media literacy, critical thinking, and algorithmic bias. Supporters argued Arizona needs to prepare residents for AI-driven job disruption and help people use the technology to become more self-sufficient, while opponents objected to the program’s funding and potential unfunded mandate to the education department. The bill passed 4-3. HB 2410, which would treat communications with AI as privileged like communications with human professionals, also passed after testimony from the sponsor and a criminal defense advocate who argued the measure would protect sensitive legal and personal conversations; the vote was 6-0 with one member present. The committee then approved HB 4005, requiring school districts and charter schools to provide instruction on ethical, moral, and educational uses of AI, by a 4-2-1 vote after some members said schools lacked resources and should not be mandated to add curriculum without funding. Finally, the committee considered HB 2456 and HB 2457, both related to small modular nuclear reactors and utility siting/streamlining for energy development tied to large power users. Supporters framed them as necessary for future energy demand, data centers, and economic growth, while opponents raised concerns about local zoning authority and environmental oversight. Both bills were amended and advanced on 4-3 votes, and the meeting adjourned after the final roll calls.