Video & Transcript Research : 'early learning'

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MD

Maryland 2026 Regular Session

Senate Floor Session, 3/3/2026 #1

Maryland Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • 56.560> legislative<00:07:57.120> process learning about our legislative process learning
  • I mean, you're going to burn real early.
  • order<00:46:29.520> to detour during early voting in order to detour during early voting in
  • >> Does it does just during early voting?
  • It's just during early voting route. It's just during early voting days. days. days.
Summary: The Senate convened with an invocation, journalized the prayer, and recognized Read Across America Day with a special resolution congratulating the Maryland State Education Association on the program’s 28th anniversary. Senators also welcomed several guests and student groups, including Eleanor Roosevelt High School students, Maryland Federation of Republican Women members for Red Scarf Day, medical shadows from Johns Hopkins, a student page prospect, and a group from Matthew Henson Elementary School. The chamber then took up multiple Finance Committee consent calendars and individual local alcohol-related bills, all of which were reported favorably, adopted without objection, and ordered printed for third reading. Measures included changes to alcohol license fee refunds for uniformed service members, Anne Arundel County license classifications and compensation for liquor board officials, a Baltimore City racetrack license extension, a Cecil County license quota change, and new or expanded licenses for golf courses, sports venues, and barber shop/beauty salon establishments. The Senate also advanced bills on social work licensing, a rural readiness economic development program, a Maryland-Ireland Trade Commission extension, peer-to-peer car sharing insurance rules, telematics-based auto insurance disclosures and appeals, and veteran status notation on public profiles. Several bills were amended before being advanced, generally with technical or clarifying changes and no recorded opposition. Senate Bill 18 would create a provisional social work license; Senate Bill 351 would regulate insurer use of vehicle telematics data; Senate Bill 395 would revise insurance and liability rules for peer-to-peer car sharing; and Senate Bill 197 would alter comprehensive plan elements in land use law. Senate Bill 439, protecting fire and rescue public safety employees from adverse action based on medical cannabis certification, also moved forward without amendment. One measure, Senate Bill 69, which would make permanent the nonprofit navigator position in the Department of Commerce, was discussed at length after a member raised concerns about oversight of nonprofit grant funding. On request, the bill was special ordered to the next day for further consideration. All other bills discussed in the transcript were advanced to third reading by unanimous or near-unanimous voice action, with no recorded roll-call votes.
HI
Transcript Highlights:
  • I'm Yuko Adikross, director of the Executive Office on Early Learning.
  • <00:49:08.400> Learning.
  • Learning.
  • We stand in support of Early Learning.
  • early literacy, and they need that support of a certified teacher.
Keywords: 910, house, all
Summary: The committee on Education met on March 19 and moved through several bills under time pressure, hearing mostly brief testimony. SB 2024 SD2 and SB 896 SD2, both concerning public-private partnerships for charter school facilities, drew support from the Department of Education, the Charter School Commission, White Kids Can, and Hawaii Technology Academy. DOE said any P3 model should apply only to charter schools on private land and not affect public schools on DOE land. Supporters argued the approach could speed construction, reduce costs, and keep public money in public assets, while UPW and HGA raised concerns about privatization. In response, SFA said the intent was to mirror the existing conversion charter school model, with public ownership of assets and unionized staff, and noted some regions have waited years for schools. SB 2613 SD1 on TMK transfers was heard next. DOE said the bill had originally been supported as part of the governor’s package but was amended to require DOE to convey lands for 13 libraries on DOE property, which DOE said would create “donut holes” in campuses and was unnecessary because existing agreements already govern library use. The State Public Library System supported the bill, saying it has long coexisted with DOE but needs clearer separation and more reliable control over its sites. The Attorney General’s office said the library system currently lacks express statutory authority to own real property and flagged implementation issues because some of the affected parcels are not currently owned by DOE. Committee members questioned both sides about current agreements, communication, and how the bill would change operations. SB 494 SD2, concerning charter school audits, received comments from the Charter School Commission, which said the bill was redundant because charter schools already undergo annual audits during the term of their contracts. The Office of the Auditor was also present. SB 2391 SD2, relating to automatic pay increases for teachers, drew strong opposition from the Office of Collective Bargaining, which said step movement and longevity increases are negotiated in each contract and do not automatically carry over when a contract expires; it warned the bill could affect upcoming negotiations with HSTA. HSTA and several other supporters argued the bill would standardize annual step movement, improve retention, and reflect existing contract language. No votes or final actions were taken in the portion of the meeting provided.
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

02/10/2026 - House Education

Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • That's how we learn.
  • That's how we learn.
  • That's how we learn.
  • We learned about STDs, we learned about drug addiction, we learned about how babies are born in seventh
  • Seventh grade, eighth grade, we learned it. We learned about puberty. We learned about our menses.
Keywords: 1182, all
NH
Transcript Highlights:
  • the towns will Community has learned the towns will learn<01:07:42.640> School<01:07:42.880><
  • > time learn School boards will learn it's time learn School boards will learn it's time to<01
  • no one what are are the kids to learn no one what are are the kids to learn when<06:26:35.040>
  • I learned I can't do that.
  • 06:46:39.718> be<06:46:39.958> educated<06:46:40.600> and learn how to learn to
Keywords: 928, house, all
Summary: The committee first took up House Bill 763, an early bill concerning AED access at athletic events and venues. Representative Morris offered amendment 0743H to clarify the bill by removing charter schools from the language and tying AED placement to American Heart Association guidance, emphasizing that AEDs should be readily accessible within a reasonable walking distance rather than mandated on every field. The amendment and then the bill as amended both passed 17-0, and the bill was reported out as Ought to Pass with Amendment. The committee then considered House Bill 781, requiring school districts to adopt cell phone-free education policies, and a related bill, House Bill 131. HB 781 was amended to include charter public school boards, cover other personal electronic communication devices, require at minimum restrictions on student personal cell phones during class instruction, allow superintendent-approved exceptions for medical or language needs, protect students with medical needs or disabilities under Section 504, and set an effective date of July 1, 2025. Some members argued the amendment was too prescriptive and limited local control, while supporters said it still left districts flexibility outside classroom instruction. The amendment passed 16-1, and the bill then passed Ought to Pass as Amended 16-1. HB 131, described as a mirror bill, was then retained by a 17-0 vote. House Bill 398, a title bill requiring Holocaust and genocide studies to include impacts on people with disabilities, was moved to ITL after Representative Selig reported the genocide commission believed the topic was already being covered. That motion passed 17-0. The committee also agreed to hold several bills for later consideration, including HB 754, HB 1221, HB 360, and HB 699, citing the need for more review or missing copies. Finally, the committee took up House Bill 361, prohibiting mandatory mask policies in schools. Supporters argued the bill would preserve individual choice while preventing statewide or districtwide mandates in future public health emergencies, and cited a Department of Health and Human Services letter saying masks remain effective but decisions should be based on individual choice and risk assessment. Opponents emphasized local control and the need for districts to respond to different public health conditions. The transcript cuts off before the final vote on HB 361 was completed.
WY

Wyoming 2026 Regular Session

House Floor Session-Day 8, February 18, 2026-AM

Wyoming House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • A pork chop. get to work pretty early, but I got a get to work pretty early, but I got a quick<00:13:
  • So the kids aren't learning anything about government.
  • A hungry child can't learn.
  • A hungry child can't learn.
  • A hungry child can't learn.
Keywords: 916, all
NH

New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session

House Municipal and County Government (02/03/2026)

Municipal and County Government

Transcript Highlights:
  • So, it is always an ongoing learning process.
  • it is always an ongoing learning it is always an ongoing learning process.<01:04:49.520> The<
  • <06:40:06.400> bills, with regards to just those early bills, with regards to just those early
  • <06:41:01.280> across<06:41:01.760> all lot of early bills across all lot of early
  • So again, um any of these early bills.
Keywords: 928, house, all
Summary: The committee convened for a day of public hearings on nine bills, with plans to later execute several early bills and possibly additional measures under House Rule 44. Chair Diane Pauer outlined time limits for sponsors and testimony, announced a lunch break around noon, and noted substitute members would be arriving later. The first hearing was on House Bill 1107, which would allow municipal budget committees to have one to three alternate members. Representative Valon, the prime sponsor, said the bill was intended to help towns like Epping deal with quorum problems during the compressed budget season and noted that alternates are common on other local boards. The New Hampshire Municipal Association testified in support, saying the bill would increase flexibility and help fill seats. Committee members raised concerns about whether alternates should be elected, how they would be selected, whether they would be sufficiently informed to vote, and whether the bill’s one-year term language and rescission provisions were clear. The sponsor and NHMA said the process would be consistent with other local boards, that alternates would typically be appointed after elections, and that they would follow up on possible statutory clarification. The hearing closed with six remote supporters, one paper supporter, and no opposition reported. The committee then heard House Bill 1118, sponsored by Representative Colby, which would raise the daily amount municipal employees may hold before remitting funds to the treasurer from the current $1,500 limit to $3,500. Colby said the existing thresholds are outdated, have not been updated in about 20 years, and create burdens for smaller towns that must make frequent bank deposits, sometimes far from town offices. She said the bill would improve efficiency and allow staff to focus more on serving residents, while still allowing municipalities to keep lower limits if they choose. Members asked about how the remittance process works in practice, what amounts municipalities typically collect, and whether the change reflected a broader trend of updating cash-handling thresholds. The sponsor explained that the bill only changes the dollar thresholds in the relevant statutes and does not require municipalities to adopt the higher limit. The transcript cuts off before any final action on HB 1118 is reported.
MD

Maryland 2026 Regular Session

House Floor Session, 4/11/2026 #1

Maryland House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • <01:32:39.600> We've colony since the early 1600s. We've colony since the early 1600s.
  • The early voting starts June 11th. Today is April the 11th.
  • We learned what it means not to have a voice. Maybe I'm aging myself.
  • We<02:24:36.000> learned, We learned, We learned, we<02:24:38.160> organized, we organized
  • So, a quick story about Delegate Hinebaugh and his early life of service.
Summary: The House convened with 122 members present, heard a prayer, and the Speaker urged members to remain respectful as difficult bills were expected later in the day. The chamber then moved through several ceremonial floor presentations honoring retiring members, including Delegate Barry S. Celebrity and Delegate Pam Queen, with resolutions read congratulating each on their years of service and lasting impact. The House also recognized an “interim birthday caucus” with a lighthearted resolution celebrating members born outside the session, followed by remarks and thanks from the Speaker and members. After the presentations, the House turned to business, including concurrence and nonconcurrence actions on Senate amendments. The chamber refused to concur in Senate amendments to House Bill 339 and House Bill 512, while House Bill 512 was then concurred in, read for final passage, and passed with 118 votes in favor and none opposed. The House also received messages indicating conference committees for several bills, including House Bills 107, 153, 769, 1063, and 1118. The House adopted favorable committee reports on a series of bills, sending many to third reading. These included measures on earned wage access, security guard certification renewal, county board and alcohol licensing matters, animal regulation, veteran status notation, procurement transparency, Public Information Act divorce records, election board qualifications, and a local sourcing database. During discussion of the local sourcing database bill, the minority whip asked whether business groups that had opposed the bill remained opposed after amendments; the floor leader explained the amended bill would require the Department of Commerce to create a searchable Maryland Local Sourcing Portal to connect businesses with local sources of tariff-impacted goods and services.
MN
Transcript Highlights:
  • That<00:08:56.040> day<00:08:56.240> we<00:08:56.400> both<00:08:56.720> learned
  • and were shown That day we both learned and were shown the<00:08:58.600> systems<00:08:59.040
  • I brought in Republicans early to work with me on the bill.
  • I brought in Republicans early<00:13:54.640> to<00:13:54.760> work<00:13:54.960> with
  • <00:13:56.160> I early to work with me on the bill. I early to work with me on the bill.
Keywords: 918, senate, all
Summary: Senate DFL leaders held a press conference outlining a fraud-prevention agenda centered on transparency, accountability, and modernization of state systems. Majority Leader Erin Murphy said Minnesotans are angry about fraud and that the caucus has already passed multiple fraud-prevention measures, but more work is needed. She and other senators emphasized that outdated county and state IT systems leave programs vulnerable to waste and abuse, and said they want to pursue both immediate upgrades and longer-term funding solutions, including possible bonding for technology infrastructure. Senator Zena Mohamed described legislation to overhaul program integrity in Medicaid and human services by adding safeguards before, during, and after provider enrollment and service delivery. She said the goal is to prevent theft before dollars are spent, rein in third-party entities that profit without accountability, and improve consumer protections and reporting pathways. Senator Amanda Hemmingsen-Jaeger highlighted a bill to ban cryptocurrency kiosks, arguing they are heavily used in scams targeting seniors and vulnerable people, and also backed a state consumer financial protection bureau and stronger False Claims Act enforcement. Senator Rob Kupec focused on ethics and conflicts of interest, including a proposal to bar legislative members and certain state employees from quickly moving into jobs tied to entities receiving state appropriations or grants. He also said lawmakers should strengthen penalties for theft of public funds and restrict state contracts for people convicted of fraud. Senator Heather Gustafson promoted her Office of Inspector General bill, saying oversight is fragmented and an independent office is needed for investigations, safeguards, and early detection; she said the Senate passed the bill 60-7 last year and she wants it enacted. In response to questions, Murphy and Gustafson said the OIG should have law-enforcement powers, that bipartisan support exists in principle, and that the House needs to settle on a single proposal. The senators also said prepayment review can be useful but can disrupt services, and they argued agencies must use the tools already given to them while lawmakers continue oversight.
WA

Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Environment & Energy Dec 4th, 2025

Transcript Highlights:
  • Our second example is the Port of Tacoma Early Business Center.
  • It also poses a threat to long-term viability of the Early Business Center...
  • We're learning every day.
  • The recognition very early in the year was that loss was going to be in excess of...
  • The recognition very early in the year was that loss was going to be in excess of $20 billion.
Summary: The committee first heard updates on the Model Toxics Control Act (MTCA) and related funding. Department of Ecology staff explained how MTCA and the hazardous substance tax support cleanup, prevention, stormwater, and local assistance programs, but said forecasted revenues have declined while appropriations and transfers have outpaced incoming funds. Ecology said the operating account will require underspending to stay balanced this biennium and that the problem is ongoing, with further reductions possible if forecasts worsen. Ecology also reviewed the state cleanup program, noting there are more than 14,500 cleanup sites in Washington and that new sites continue to be discovered faster than they are cleaned up. A question from Representative Lee raised the long-term issue of declining fossil-fuel-based revenue, and Ecology agreed that this is a future structural concern even though the current shortfall is driven more by forecasts and transfers than by fuel-use decline. The Pollution Liability Insurance Agency described its underground storage tank and heating oil programs, saying it has modernized from a reinsurance model to a financial assurance model with stronger state oversight and cleanup milestones. Russ Olson said the agency’s dedicated petroleum tax account is in strong financial condition, but emphasized the importance of preserving that funding source. He also discussed the loan and grant program for historic commercial releases and a new heating oil loan/grant program, while noting the agency is working on equity concerns where liens can be disproportionate to property values in smaller communities. Practitioners and advocates then offered differing views on MTCA’s performance: one attorney urged a collaborative review process to make cleanups faster, less expensive, and more certain, while another consultant argued the program is too conservative and process-heavy and should focus more narrowly on actual exposure and realistic cleanup standards. Environmental and community groups countered that MTCA is essential for cleanup, pollution prevention, stormwater control, and public participation, and that it is especially important for environmental justice communities such as the Duwamish Valley. Port and city representatives stressed that MTCA grants and cleanup funding are critical for large redevelopment projects, but said long timelines, permitting delays, and funding uncertainty can slow projects and jeopardize commitments. The committee then shifted to utility wildfire risk. Staff summarized recent legislation, including requirements for utility wildfire mitigation plans, creation of a wildfire mitigation standards work group, authorization for captive insurance by local governments and PUDs, securitization authority for disaster costs, and the existing wildfire response and resilience account. Chelan County PUD and Puget Sound Energy described extensive mitigation efforts such as vegetation management, grid hardening, undergrounding, AI smoke cameras, weather stations, enhanced operating settings, public safety power shutoffs, and community outreach. Both said wildfire risk is rising and insurance costs are increasing, and Chelan PUD asked the Legislature to restore funding to the wildfire response and resilience account. The Office of the Insurance Commissioner said a 2022 utility liability market study found insurance availability is tightening as perceived risk rises, and reported that a 2025 work group recommended restoring community resilience funding, requiring insurers to share wildfire risk scores and mitigation steps with property owners, and creating a grant program based on insurance industry wildfire standards. A PNNL scientist added that wildfire probability is increasing in parts of Washington and that mitigation requires long-term, landscape-scale coordination. The final speaker began describing California’s approach to wildfire risk, but the transcript cuts off before that presentation concluded.
FL

Florida 2025 Regular Session

Fiscal Policy Apr 2nd, 2025

Transcript Highlights:
  • We're gonna move to Tab 5 Take up Cs for SB 738, on childcare and early learning providers by Senator
  • The more likely it is that they will get early care and also that early care can make a real difference
  • And in 2023 legislature authorized the classic learning test isn't interested and qualified, be accepted
  • It creates Type one diabetes early detection program.
  • This bill requires the Florida Department of Health in collaboration with the early Learning Coalitions
Keywords: 999, senate, all
US
Transcript Highlights:
  • decades of experience, and his vast professional network, as well as his willingness to listen and learn
  • Well we had, I think we took a real good step Thursday night early into the early hours Friday morning
  • The other is simultaneous share, and that is... what DOD really would love, and that is early in its
  • I was fortunate. to learn from, and all these problems and shortages and issues were laid out for us.
  • Lots of good signs across the board of early signs of us succeeding in a big way on recruitment.
Summary: The meeting primarily focused on the nomination of Steven Feinberg as Deputy Secretary of Defense. The committee emphasized the urgent need for strong leadership in response to a complex array of global threats posed by adversarial coalitions, including China, Russia, and Iran. The discussions highlighted concerns regarding budget cuts and personnel reductions within the Department of Defense, showcasing the challenges posed by the current economic context and the pressing need to maintain military readiness and capabilities. Various members expressed their apprehensions about how impending layoffs and budget reductions would impact the defense workforce and national security.
NH

New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session

Senate Session (05/15/2025)

New Hampshire Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • We are now in the early session.
  • Children who are in an environment to learn strictly to learn.
  • Children who are in an environment to learn strictly to learn.
  • Children who are in an environment to learn strictly to learn.
  • environment to learn strictly to learn. environment to learn strictly to learn.
Keywords: 1191, senate, all
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Environment, Climate and Legacy - 03/05/26

Environment, Climate, and Legacy

Transcript Highlights:
  • The recommendations are a result of a multi-stage competitive process that was launched early in 2025
  • I was surprised to learn that the primer in cartridges contained lead.
  • I was surprised to learn that the primer in cartridges contained lead.
  • I was surprised to learn that the primer in cartridges contained lead.
  • I was surprised to learn that the primer in cartridges contained lead.
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
US
Transcript Highlights:
  • Today we're here to learn more about the U.S.
  • which we call ANEP or A-N-E, connect students to. culture to keep them motivated and engaged in learning
  • school's district commitment and trust in the Indian education program, professional development learning
  • Alright, see I'm learning slowly.
  • And we learn from one another.
Summary: The meeting focused on the responsibilities of the U.S. Department of Education towards Native students, highlighting the importance of federal education programs that satisfy treaty obligations to Native communities. Various witnesses testified about the impact of educational policies designed to support Native students who primarily attend public schools. Concerns were voiced over recent proposals that could potentially undermine these programs, citing the role of federal funding in ensuring successful educational outcomes for Native youth. The chair of the committee emphasized the need for continued federal support and attention to the unique educational challenges faced by Indigenous populations.
NH

New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session

House Health, Human Services and Elderly Affairs (02/04/2026)

Health, Human Services and Elderly Affairs

Transcript Highlights:
  • 80s, early 90s in the U.S.
  • maybe the 90s, early n late 80s, early maybe the 90s, early n late 80s, early 90s<00:48:37.680><
  • a result of that he was learning a result of that he was learning disabled<01:06:55.680> the<
  • I'm joined today with Trina Inglefinger, who is our early childhood early care policy director.
  • childhood um early care policy director. childhood um early care policy director.
Keywords: 1189, house, all
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Health and Human Services - 03/03/26

Health and Human Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • The early childhood family education program is a program that transferred to DCYF from the Department
  • So, school districts use screenings to link families with health and early learning programs and resources
  • , things like Head Start, early childhood family education, pre-kindergarten programs, early learning
  • type process where the model learns as we undergo the process.
  • <01:02:44.319> and we're trying to take those learnings and we're trying to take those learnings
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
MN

Minnesota 2025 1st Special Session

Committee on Jobs and Economic Development - 02/24/25

Jobs and Economic Development

Transcript Highlights:
  • Through that microgrant, technical assistance, and training program, we learned that the majority of
  • Furthermore, we learned that the majority of the fastest-growing group of entrepreneurs in the state
  • Furthermore, we learned that the majority of the fastest-growing group of entrepreneurs in the state
  • <00:09:02.360> about<00:09:02.640> additional<00:09:03.120> business learn about
  • struggle it is for those early struggle it is for those early nonprofits<01:26:38.000> to
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Capital Investment Committee 3/10/26

Capital Investment

Transcript Highlights:
  • And as you saw on your visits over the fall and early winter, arrived. Fortunately, arrived.
  • Now is the time when we need to study history and learn about that entire area, which, as you pointed
  • The closed landfill program was created in the early '90s by the legislature so that the state would
  • 90s by the legislature so that the early 90s by the legislature so that the<01:26:31.920> state
  • 90s because we were bringing the early 90s because we were bringing landfill<01:32:19.840> sites<
Keywords: 1183, house
Summary: The committee first approved the March 5 minutes, then heard a presentation from Balig Engineering on cost drivers for drinking water and wastewater infrastructure in small Minnesota communities. The testifier said most Minnesota communities are small, and that limited local staff, complex funding requirements, and the need to combine multiple funding sources make projects expensive and labor-intensive. He cited examples of aging infrastructure, including a Tracy street collapse and failing water mains, and said federal funding can help but often requires extensive reports that can cost tens of thousands of dollars and hundreds of staff hours. He also pointed to inflation, supply-chain disruptions, colder climate requirements, higher material and labor costs, limited competition among contractors and suppliers, and newer treatment requirements such as PFAS removal and cybersecurity controls as major cost drivers. Members asked whether reduced bonding or less frequent state funding would lower prices, whether annual bonding bills provide market certainty, how regionalization could be encouraged, and whether tightening specifications adds costs. The testifier said stopping work would likely drive contractors out of the market and reduce competition, which could raise prices later, and that consistent funding helps keep contractors in Minnesota. He said regional water systems such as Red Rock Rural Water and Lincoln Pipestone Rural Water are already helping lower costs and that legislators could encourage more regionalization through incentives. He also said some specifications and federal requirements, especially around treatment plant controls and cybersecurity, increase costs, though some standards like deeper water-main burial are necessary. The committee then moved on to the Minnesota Department of Veterans Affairs, where John Kelly began presenting the governor’s 2026 capital budget recommendations and described the department’s mission, statewide network of veterans homes and cemeteries, and service to nearly 300,000 veterans and dependents.
NH

New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session

Senate Executive Departments and Administration (03/05/2025)

Executive Departments and Administration

Transcript Highlights:
  • I learned a little bit about this when I was before the Concord zoning board last summer regarding a
  • how to implement some of those to learn how to implement some of those changes<00:25:33.440> as
  • When we learned that it wasn't passing muster, we went in in 2023, and Senator Pearl was kind enough
  • since is that the actual we've learned since is that the actual underlying<00:44:04.800> language
  • Wow, we sure did. you he we got even earli than I thought you he we got even earli than I thought wow
Keywords: 1191, senate, all
FL

Florida 2026 5th Special Session

Senate in Session Mar 9th, 2026

Florida Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • And what I saw in those early years when I was trying to... ...through the ranks.
  • You taught me, and I want to thank you for teaching me early on.
  • So I learned: talk softly when you're in your office.
  • You learned so much about yourself going through this process.
  • Eight years in this room, what I've learned is it goes fast.
Summary: The Senate began with opening prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, and recognitions, including the doctor of the day and a lighthearted “Cannoli Day” introduction. The chamber then held an extended farewell celebration for Senator Joe Gruters, with numerous senators, colleagues, and family members praising his loyalty, political skill, family focus, and service in the Legislature and Republican Party. Gruters was presented with a commemorative gift recognizing his work on a 2019 public-safety and immigration bill that prohibited sanctuary cities and required local cooperation with federal immigration enforcement. The Senate adopted a motion to spread Gruters’s remarks upon the journal and then recessed briefly. After recess, the Senate returned to regular business and took up third-reading bills. Committee Substitute for Committee Substitute for Committee Substitute for Senate Bill 354, relating to blue ribbon projects, was temporarily postponed. The chamber then considered Committee Substitute for Committee Substitute for Senate Bill 1758, relating to public assistance, with Senator Gates explaining that it contained five reforms to the public assistance system discussed earlier in session. During debate on SB 1758, Senator Berman opposed the bill, saying he could not support it in its current form because he believed the Medicaid-related provisions would create a coverage cliff after the one-year transition period and could leave people without care while increasing costs to hospitals and taxpayers. He also said SNAP error reduction should be a priority, but argued the state should focus on fixing administrative errors and fraud rather than imposing a work requirement whose costs and effects were uncertain.