Video & Transcript Research : 'interstate cooperation'

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TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • I would like to discuss House Bill 5381, which is Rocky's Law, and this updates the interstate.
  • families, I'm writing to express strong support for enhancing Chapter 162 of the Texas Education Code Interstate
  • The bill relates to the interstate compact on educational opportunities for military children. for military
TX

Texas 89th 2nd C.S.

Transportation Apr 29th, 2025

Transportation

Transcript Highlights:
  • The section enforced a minimum cargo liability of 60 cents per pound per, for interstate moves and applied
  • This liability rate, widely adopted at the federal level for interstate movers, had been mirrored by
  • Texas and other states to protect consumers during interstate relocations.
  • Uh, House Bill 2721 requires Department of Transportation to erect a sign along Interstate 45 to designate
  • So thank you for your cooperation, um.
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Public Health Mar 31st, 2025

Public Health

Transcript Highlights:
  • Not many, because generally the dairy cooperatives that buy the milk for pasteurization will actually
  • We're not talking about legal cooperatives the way he was referring to.
  • CSG, through our national center for interstate compacts, has facilitated the development process for
  • The competing compact created by the American Association of Dental Boards is called... the Interstate
  • We have highways 71, 290, Interstate 10, Highway 90, all in our county, just to name a few.
NH

New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session

Senate Commerce (02/10/2026)

Commerce

Transcript Highlights:
  • scale and it was never for interstate scale and it was never for interstate commerce.<02:36:38.479
  • <02:41:33.200> commerce powers under the interstate commerce powers under the interstate commerce
  • If the local law enforcement will not cooperate, the DOJ will not go in on that.
  • If the local law enforcement will not cooperate, the DOJ will not go in on that.
  • If the local law enforcement will not cooperate, the DOJ will not go in on that.
Keywords: 1191, senate, all
TX

Texas 89th 1st C.S.

Natural Resources Aug 11th, 2025

Natural Resources

Transcript Highlights:
  • Our region's most critical transportation corridor, Interstate 2, was shut down in multiple locations
  • That's an interstate, and that is supposed to be our emergency evacuation corridor.
  • That's an interstate, and that is supposed to be our emergency evacuation corridor.
  • Cooperating agencies include TEM, GLO, the Water Board, the State Soil and Water Conservation Board,
  • The network is a combination of TWDB-installed and owned stations and cooperator-owned stations, such
Summary: The House Committee on Natural Resources met to focus on flooding issues across Texas, with particular attention to South Texas and the recent catastrophic flooding in Central Texas. Chair Harris and Vice Chair Martinez emphasized that flooding is a statewide problem requiring continued legislative attention. The committee heard invited testimony from Hidalgo County Commissioner David Fuentes and Hidalgo County Drainage District No. 1 General Manager Raul Sassine, who described the March flood event in Hidalgo County, including more than 20 inches of rain, six deaths, over $100 million in local damage, widespread road flooding, and repeated shutdowns of Interstate 2 and its frontage roads. They argued that existing drainage systems are under capacity, that TxDOT projects must account for downstream drainage impacts, and that local governments have already invested heavily in mitigation through bonds and partnerships. Fuentes and Sassine also described the county’s long-term flood mitigation and water-reuse efforts, including the Delta region water management project, which would capture stormwater, runoff, and treated effluent, reduce flooding, and create potable water supply. They said the drainage district manages about 780 miles of channels and 1,100 acres of detention facilities, has used prior Flood Infrastructure Fund and GLO grants, and has ongoing applications for additional state and federal assistance. Members discussed the need for TxDOT coordination, emergency access on frontage roads, local “skin in the game,” and the possibility of combining flood control with aquifer recharge and water supply projects. Texas Water Development Board Executive Administrator Brian McMath then presented an overview of the state’s flood planning and funding framework, including the post-Harvey legislative changes that created the Flood Infrastructure Fund, the Texas Infrastructure Resiliency Fund, and the regional/state flood planning process. He summarized the first state flood plan adopted in 2024, noting that about one in six Texans live or work in known flood hazard areas and that regional plans identified 4,609 flood risk reduction solutions with an estimated cost of $54.5 billion. He also reviewed TWDB programs for flood grants, community assistance, flood insurance compliance, stream gauges, TexMesonet, flood mapping, and the TexasFlood.org viewer. Members asked about drainage fees, technical assistance, gauge placement, the relationship between flood maps and FEMA FIRMs, and whether flood mitigation funds could support aquifer storage and recovery or recharge projects; TWDB staff said such projects can be eligible if they include flood mitigation components, but direct technical assistance cannot be paid from Flood Infrastructure Fund dollars. The committee concluded by expressing interest in further study of combining flood mitigation with aquifer recharge, and then adjourned.
AR

Arkansas 2026 Regular Session

JBC-PEER REVIEW Apr 15th, 2026

JBC-PEER REVIEW

Transcript Highlights:
  • Number two is $155,000 to the Mid-South Soybean Board for interstate collaboration on research projects
  • seven is $206,000 to the Arkansas Soybean Association, Grove for the Green Yield Contest with UA Cooperative
  • Presidio was awarded through a state cooperative contract, so it's not sole-source? Correct.
  • This is an amended contract to continue home studies for foster, adoptive, interstate compact on placement
  • This is an amended contract to continue the agreement for home studies for foster, adoptive, interstate
Summary: The PEER Review Subcommittee met to consider a large agenda of appropriation, transfer, contract, and other review items. Members approved temporary appropriation requests in Sections B through F, including funding for prosecuting attorneys, education-related adjustments, school operating needs, labor licensing divisions, ARPA fund returns from Workforce Services, IIJA grants for state police CDL implementation and a forestry-related county grant, reserve fund transfers for teacher scholarships, school facilities, and economic development, and a Commerce reallocation tied to organizational realignment. Cash fund requests in Section G and budget classification transfers in Section H were also reviewed, along with pay plan requests in Section I, overtime requests in Section J, and multiple methods of finance in Section K. The committee also reviewed discretionary grants in Section L, including agriculture promotion board grants and DHS aging/adult behavioral health grants, plus RFQs, construction contracts, intergovernmental contracts, and out-of-state contracts in Sections M1 through M5. Several items drew questions from members. Workforce Services explained that $225,000 in TANF-related funds would be returned to the federal government because the two-year hold period for uncashed or moved checks had expired. Commerce officials described the $25 million site infrastructure grant program, saying it supports site development, due diligence, and infrastructure build-out at eligible sites of 30 acres or more, including rural communities, with grant agreements and matching requirements providing accountability. DHS and Education officials answered questions about the Care Solace mental health referral contract, saying it is a statewide concierge/referral service that helps schools connect students to Arkansas providers and follow up so students do not fall through the cracks; members asked for more information on provider selection, school-day scheduling, and Arkansas vendor participation. The committee held one item over: the DHS discretionary grant item for the RSVP retired senior volunteer program in L2, after concerns were raised about whether state general revenue was being used effectively and how much administrative overhead the providers retain. Members also questioned several contracts, including a DHS sole-source contract with EMSLink for document management software and a DHS bridge contract with Arkansas Foundation for Medical Care for Medicaid inspections of care reviews; in both cases, agency staff explained the need to avoid service disruption and said follow-up information would be provided. A Department of Corrections reentry center contract was discussed for its recidivism results, and ARDOT retirement-system investment contracts were briefly explained. The meeting ended after a lengthy discussion of the Medicaid Trust Fund balance, with DFA and DHS officials saying the state is expected to finish the fiscal year without exhausting the fund, that a restricted reserve of $100 million is available as a backstop, and that the larger question is what minimum balance should be maintained going forward.
WY

Wyoming 2026 Regular Session

Senate Appropriations Committee, February 13, 2026

Appropriations

Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:16:24.880> with restrictions related to cooperation with restrictions related to cooperation
  • create unnecessary cooperation and create unnecessary administrative<00:21:15.600> burdens.
  • The breakdown in cooperation would not be limited to Second Amendment issues.
  • > would<00:25:31.120> not The breakdown in cooperation would not The breakdown in cooperation
  • our law enforcement from cooperating our law enforcement from cooperating with<00:26:45.600>
WY

Wyoming 2026 Regular Session

Senate Floor Session-Day 14, February 25, 2026-PM

Wyoming Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Voting I, Senators Barlo, Cooper, Cole, and Papus. Excuse Senator Anderson sign.
  • Voting I, Senators Anderson, Cooper, Jones, Nethercott, and Rothfuss.
  • Cooper, Jones, Nethercott, and Rothfus. Cooper, Jones, Nethercott, and Rothfus.
  • Voting I, Senators Anderson, Cooper, Jones, Nethercott, and Rothfuss signed.
  • > Netherot,<01:43:24.480> and Anderson, Cooper, Jones, Netherot, and Anderson, Cooper, Jones
Keywords: 916, all
WY

Wyoming 2026 Regular Session

Senate Judiciary Committee, February 10, 2026

Judiciary

Transcript Highlights:
  • We can get cooperation from out-of-state law enforcement, maybe even federal law enforcement.
  • 21:19.039> state<00:21:19.360> law cooperation from out of state law cooperation from out
  • conjunction of two major interstates. conjunction of two major interstates.
  • <00:57:44.079> cooperative<00:57:44.559> agreement<00:57:44.960> could cooperative
  • cooperative agreement could cooperative cooperative agreement could look<00:57:45.280> like<00
WV

West Virginia 2026 Regular Session

Senate in Session Mar 12th, 2026 at 11:34 am

West Virginia Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Engrossed Committee Substitute for House Bill 5015, relating to the Respiratory Care Interstate Compact
  • The bill has introduced and enacts the Respiratory Care Interstate Compact, which has been enacted by
  • Engrossed Committee Substitute for House Bill 5087, relating to the Interstate Cosmetology Licensure
  • House Bill 5087, relating to the Interstate Cosmetology Licensure Compact, third reading of the bill.
  • House Bill 5087 would enact the Interstate Cosmetology Licensure Compact, which has already been enacted
Keywords: 994, senate, all
Summary: The Senate convened, opened with prayer and the pledge, approved the journal, and welcomed numerous guests, honorary pages, school groups, and visitors. It also received committee reports and introduced several resolutions and petitions. Senate Resolution 62, designating March 12, 2026, as West Virginia Athletic Trainers Day, was taken up immediately, debated in support of athletic trainers’ role in preventing injuries, and adopted. Other resolutions, including SR 63 and SR 64, were laid over, and several study resolutions were referred to the Rules Committee. The chamber then moved through a large number of House bills on third reading, with most passing by wide margins. Measures included the West Virginia Collaboratory, business-ready sites funding, increased fire company spending authority, the Load Forecast Accountability Act, funeral service licensure changes, work-zone penalties, biennial business reporting, correctional officer retirement status, the Right to Try Act expansion, quick claim deed tax updates, an ibogaine trial grant program, enhanced penalties for aggravated vehicular homicide and related repeat offenses, 529 plan definition updates, extension of opportunity zones, a barber apprentice program, municipal hotel occupancy fund uses, criminal-record licensing standards, civil remedies for unauthorized intimate image disclosure, online estate-executor training, higher contempt penalties, PEIA treatment flexibility, PANS/PANDAS education, the Respiratory Care Interstate Compact, expanded capitation rate reviews, CVB board appointments, peer support services, the Interstate Cosmetology Licensure Compact, natural resource police retirement changes, DNR fee indexing, ALS care services, the Neighborhood Investment Program extension, oil and gas well plugging changes with carbon-capture protections, DUI technical revisions, abuse intervention program changes, youth summer employment grants, telematics for fleet management, and municipal charter election compliance procedures. Several bills drew brief debate or questions, including the work-zone penalty bill, where one senator argued the measure increased fines without ensuring removal of outdated work-zone signs, while supporters emphasized worker safety. The Load Forecast Accountability Act also prompted discussion about incorporating coal-related provisions from another bill and concerns about prior House rejection of similar language. Most bills passed overwhelmingly, often 34-0, though a few had dissenting votes, including the Collaboratory bill (28-6), the Business Ready Sites bill (33-1), the Load Forecast Accountability Act (26-8), the Neighborhood Investment Program extension (33-1), and DNR fee indexing (29-5). Several bills also received title amendments, and one bill, HB 5162 on sales of tax liens, was referred to the Rules Committee.
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Committee on Transportation Jun 21st, 2026 at 01:00 pm

Joint Committee on Transportation

Transcript Highlights:
  • 2354 creates a board to examine roadway pricing and tolling across the Commonwealth, including interstate
  • drivers in Central and Western Massachusetts continue to pay tolls while drivers on other major interstates—I
  • Extending tolling authority to all major interstate entry points into Massachusetts would create a fair
  • system... ...tolling authority to all major interstate entry points into Massachusetts would create
  • The Steamship Authority has cooperated minimally.
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The Joint Committee on Transportation heard testimony on a range of bills focused on transportation funding, governance, and equity. Supporters backed proposals to create a North Central Massachusetts intercity passenger rail fund tied to a possible new gaming license (H. 3680/S. 2363), local parking assessments (H. 3756), third-party delivery fees (S. 2356/H. 3774), broader roadway pricing and congestion management measures (S. 2353/S. 2354), tolling equity and regional transit authority advisory boards (S. 2400/S. 2401), and Steamship Authority oversight reforms including board term limits (S. 2395). Testimony in favor emphasized new dedicated revenue sources, commuter rail expansion, regional equity, improved oversight, and better transit access for riders and communities that rely on public transportation. There was also testimony in opposition to the third-party delivery fee bills from Chamber of Progress, which argued the fee would raise costs for consumers, small businesses, and delivery workers, could reduce demand and jobs, and might not achieve the intended environmental benefits. Associated Builders and Contractors of Massachusetts opposed H. 3633, a transit expansion, electrification, and resiliency bill, specifically objecting to its mandatory project labor agreement requirement and saying it would limit competition and disadvantage non-union contractors and workers. Several witnesses spoke in favor of the Steamship Authority bill, saying term limits would improve transparency, accountability, and board turnover. The committee also heard detailed support for the North Central rail proposal from a legislator, the North Central Massachusetts Chamber of Commerce, and a transportation advocate, who described the bill as a way to generate long-term bonded revenue for rail infrastructure. After testimony concluded and no questions remained, the chairs entertained and received a motion to adjourn.
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

03/18/2026 - Senate Public Safety

Public Safety

Transcript Highlights:
  • Thank you, Representative Cooper.
  • Thank you, Representative Cooper.
  • Chair, can I ask a question of Representative Cooper? Yes, yes, come on down. Thank you.
  • Cooper, please come on down. Thank you.
  • Thank you, and thank you, Chair, Representative Cooper. Anyone else? Stingham? Thank you.
Summary: The Committee on Public Safety met, approved the March 11, 2026 minutes, and heard two presentations before moving to bills. The Arizona Department of Corrections, Rehabilitation and Reentry presented on its K-9 program, describing staffing, dog types, functions such as contraband interdiction, search and rescue, and offender apprehension, and noting aging vehicles and the need for replacement canines. Biometrica then presented a privacy-focused facial recognition/sensor system intended to help law enforcement identify missing persons and known offenders in real time without storing video or audio; members asked questions but took no action on the presentation. The committee then considered HB 2134, which would create the Arizona Critical Infrastructure Protection Act to restrict Chinese-owned or Chinese-produced equipment and software in critical infrastructure and require reporting and oversight by the Corporation Commission. The sponsor said the bill was revised to be prospective and more workable; supporters framed it as a national security measure, while some members raised cost and implementation concerns. The bill passed 4-3. HB 2404, which shifts inter-facility transport of behavioral health patients away from peace officers and toward authorized transporters except in limited circumstances, drew support from a Phoenix police crisis intervention officer and the Arizona Police Association and passed 7-0. HB 2402, dealing with ambulance certificates of necessity for small or underserved areas, was amended to require rather than allow certain certificates and to streamline reporting and application processes; the sponsor and firefighters said it would preserve access and modernize a decades-old system. It passed as amended 7-0. HB 2673, as amended, was reduced to creating a study committee on inmate mental health services after originally proposing broader jail and prison screening and treatment requirements; the sponsor and a victim’s family member described the bill as a response to failures in the mental health and jail systems. It passed 6-0 with one not voting. HB 2253, protecting employees from retaliation for testifying in law enforcement disciplinary appeals, passed 5-0 with two not voting, and HB 2270, expanding county control over use of county seals, logos, and sheriff’s posse names, passed 6-0 with one not voting. Finally, HB 2941, which would make certain motorcycle lane-splitting or passing behavior reckless driving except as allowed by existing lane-filtering rules, drew support from the sponsor and motorcycle advocates who said it targets dangerous high-speed lane splitting, but one speaker warned the language could unintentionally criminalize safe filtering. The bill passed 5-1 with one not voting. The committee then adjourned.
ND

North Dakota 2026 1st Special Session

Water Topics Overview Committee Jun 10th, 2026 at 09:00 am

Water Topics Overview Committee

Transcript Highlights:
  • BNSF Railway, major interstate commerce, is inundated.
  • And then, of course, we also have the interstate commerce, and I’ll touch on this a little bit.
  • I've got two interstate commerce corridors here. To me, this is more than rural flood control.
  • It goes to the interstate commerce that it's significant.
  • A lot of interstate commerce. I appreciate those. I am the one that is not a dollar figure.
Keywords: 908, all
KY
Transcript Highlights:
  • So when you think about interstate contracts, where Florida has an eight-month growing season, we have
  • So it's capability for that interstate commerce to happen, to where whenever we're on our down season
  • <00:45:57.920> to think about interstate contracts to think about interstate contracts to
  • :02:59.200> housed UK cooperative extension it's housed UK cooperative extension it's housed within
  • staff, our cooperative extension agents and<01:03:35.280> they<01:03:35.440> are<01:03
Keywords: 958, all
Summary: The Make America Healthy Kentucky Task Force met with a quorum, approved the minutes, and then heard a presentation on the state’s “food is medicine” efforts. Chair Funky Fromm opened by describing a recent foot injury from a road hazard and used it to emphasize the importance of infrastructure, nutrition, sleep, and activity as part of a broader wellness culture. The main witnesses were Kentucky Commissioner of Agriculture Jonathan Shell, Holly Harris of Appalachian Regional Health Care (ARH), and Jim Muser of the Kentucky Hospital Association. Shell and Harris described a partnership between the Department of Agriculture, the Kentucky Hospital Association, and hospitals such as ARH to connect local farmers with hospital cafeterias, farmers markets, CSA-style subscription food boxes, and medically tailored meals. Harris said ARH serves a large region with 14 hospitals, more than 95 clinics, about 6,700 employees, and 1,300 medical staff, and that the system began by improving employee food options because hospital workers often have limited access to healthy meals during shifts. They reported examples such as a local-protein burger, parking-lot farmers markets, subsidized CSA boxes for employees, and plans for container gardens at some hospitals. The witnesses said the program is intended to improve health outcomes, reduce readmissions, support chronic disease management, and also increase rural prosperity by expanding demand for Kentucky farm products. Shell said more than 40 hospitals had already been onboarded into the food-is-medicine program, with measurable outcomes being studied through pilots such as one at Russell County Hospital. He also noted that some systems, including CHI St. Joseph Health, Taylor Regional, and UK King’s Daughters, have formally embedded food-as-medicine goals into strategic plans. Members and witnesses also discussed barriers, especially the lack of reimbursement, fragmented short-term funding, and regulatory or purchasing hurdles that make it difficult for small farmers to participate. Shell said the goal is to make the model scalable and easier for hospitals and farmers to navigate, while Harris emphasized that ARH has been funding its efforts without reimbursement because of its mission. No votes or formal policy actions were taken beyond approving the minutes.
OK

Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session

Appropriations and Budget Transportation Subcommittee Mar 30th, 2026 at 10:00 am

A&B Transportation Subcommittee

Transcript Highlights:
  • companies to operate in the DFW area than it is in western Oklahoma, because they have to have cooperating
  • We're working towards having an interstate designation on it.
  • One of the interchanges that we are constructing to control access on US 412, so it meets interstate
  • We didn't have ports of entry on our major interstate system, and we went to work in conjunction with
  • We now have a port of entry either end of Interstate 40.
Keywords: 914, all
NM
Transcript Highlights:
  • A lot of it goes to our interstates, I-10 and I-25, our U.S. corridors, and they're concentrated around
  • We have our county cooperative program at $886 million, our municipal arterial program at $288 million
  • Page 13: continues our local government with our school bus route, our school district cooperative agreements
  • Luna County has A county cooperative for that road.
  • visit some of these more rural locations where things like, you know, we don't talk about major interstate
Keywords: 996, all
AZ
Transcript Highlights:
  • They're changing the dynamics and the workflow or the flows of narcotics across the interstate system
  • Well, Interstate 40 and Interstate 10 are the main thoroughfares that many of these drugs are leaving
  • He explained that, based on an average seizure encountered along Interstate 40 in Navajo County, the
  • from Arizona families and puts it into a fund that could be used for more kidnappings and more cooperation
  • And as the sheriff talked about, because of the interstates that run through our state, we are unfortunately
Keywords: 1182, all
Summary: The committee heard several public safety measures. HCR 2059, a resolution reaffirming support for county sheriffs and recognizing their constitutional authority, drew debate over language describing sheriffs’ authority as “supreme” or “supreme constitutional.” Supporters said it was a tribute to sheriffs’ work, especially in rural areas, while opponents objected to the phrasing as tied to fringe legal theories. The resolution passed with a do-pass recommendation, 8-3. HB 2811 was presented as closing a gap in Arizona law by making interference with a lawful arrest involving violence or threats of violence a felony under obstructing governmental operations. Supporters said it would clarify the law and align it more closely with federal standards; opponents argued the conduct was already covered by existing resisting-arrest and hindering statutes and that the bill was duplicative and confusing. The bill received a do-pass recommendation, 8-4. HB 4129 would create a Department of Public Safety mental health and wellness program for law enforcement officers and appropriate $15 million for confidential counseling, peer support, family counseling, telehealth, and related services, with some funding reserved for smaller agencies. The sponsor and supporters emphasized officer trauma and suicide prevention, while opponents said similar services already exist and raised cost concerns. Before a final vote, the sponsor requested the bill be held for further work, and the committee agreed. The committee also advanced HB 2270, which expands protections for county seals, logos, insignia, and related identifiers and gives sheriffs exclusive authority over naming and dissolving posses. Sheriffs and county officials said the bill was needed after disputes over posse names and branding; critics warned the language was too broad and could raise First Amendment and due process concerns. The bill passed 12-1. HB 2416, appropriating $20 million for local border support and law enforcement costs related to drug trafficking, smuggling, prosecution, detention, and equipment, also passed after testimony both for and against the funding, 7-5. HB 4018, a strike-everything amendment clarifying sheriffs’ authority over volunteer posses and reserves, passed 10-0 after testimony from sheriffs’ office staff and a member of the public who opposed expanded use of armed volunteers. HB 2253, barring retaliation against employees who testify in law-enforcement disciplinary appeal proceedings, passed unanimously after an amendment removed language voiding restrictive policies. The committee then began hearing HB 4044, which would create a Public Safety Parity Fund using investment earnings from the state rainy day fund to pay DPS and corrections salaries, with the sponsor saying he intended to remove the forfeiture component before floor consideration.
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Public Education Apr 22nd, 2025

Public Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • ability of public schools to establish single-sex campuses, school crossing guards, form electric cooperatives
  • student's sex, granting charters the authority to designate school crossing guards, form electric cooperatives
  • HB 5381 would re-establish, with some of our sister states, the interstate compact which would provide
  • These interstate compacts are not new.
  • had a lot of military child and education advocates, veterans, and parents trying to improve this interstate
FL

Florida 2025 Regular Session

December 10, 2025 - 09:00 AM

Transcript Highlights:
  • Examples that the Florida Supreme Court has given are rivers, railways, interstates, and state roads.
  • So, for example, if you tell your constituents that this district runs from the interstate to the river
  • For example, there's a piece of Southwest Ranches, which is wholly enclosed on all four sides by Cooper
  • If you follow the city of Crestview, then you're deviating from the interstate and you have a little
  • Appreciate everyone's cooperation today. Look forward to our future meetings.
Summary: The Select Committee on Congressional Redistricting met for an informational presentation from outside counsel Andy Bartos on the legal standards governing congressional redistricting. He reviewed federal Equal Protection principles, Florida’s non-diminishment provision, and Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act, explaining how race can be considered in redistricting but generally cannot be the predominant factor. He also discussed the Florida Constitution’s tiered standards, including the prohibition on intentional political favoritism, compactness, and the requirement to use existing political and geographical boundaries where feasible. Bartos focused on two recent or pending cases: the Florida Supreme Court’s Black Voters Matter decision, which upheld the legislature’s 2022 congressional map and held that the non-diminishment clause does not justify making race predominant absent specific identifiable discrimination, and Louisiana v. Callais, pending before the U.S. Supreme Court, which may further clarify whether race may be used predominantly to comply with the Voting Rights Act or whether Section 2 remains constitutional as applied. He also explained how courts assess compactness and intent, and how data such as the 2020 census, voter registration, turnout, and election results are used for voting-rights analysis. Members asked about what triggers redistricting, whether the legislature must redraw maps now, what data is available in the mapping tool, how intent is measured, and whether public input opportunities will be provided. Bartos said redistricting timing is largely a legislative judgment unless a court requires changes, that the committee can consider whether BVM or the eventual Callais decision warrants revisions, and that the Callais ruling will bind Louisiana directly but serve as precedent for other courts. No votes or legislative actions were taken, and the meeting adjourned after the presentation and questions.