Video & Transcript : 'Italian immigrants' :
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CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Public Employment and Retirement Committee Jan 14th, 2026
Public Employment and Retirement
Transcript Highlights:
- And many of the folks that the organization helped were from low-income communities, immigrant communities
- And many of the folks that the organization helped were from low-income communities, immigrant communities
Committee:
House Public Employment and Retirement
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Senate Environmental Quality Committee Jan 13th, 2026
Environmental Quality
Transcript Highlights:
- affect vulnerable and environmentally overburdened communities, including low-income households, immigrant
- The Salton Sea is surrounded by predominantly low-income, Latino, Indigenous, and immigrant communities
Committee:
Senate Environmental Quality
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Environmental Quality heard four bills. SB 299 by Senator Cabaldon would extend a CEQA exemption for child care facilities to those located in residential zones, with committee amendments adding guardrails excluding sites on protected lands and within 3,200 feet of oil wells or refineries. Support came from child care, local government, planning, county, and rural county groups; one environmental opposition witness raised concerns about broader CEQA issues. Members generally praised the bill as a needed correction to last year’s CEQA changes and noted its importance for child care access and community-serving facilities.
SB 58 by Senator Padilla would update the state’s approach to hydrogen sulfide by strengthening monitoring and response standards based on current science and public health impacts, especially in the Tijuana River Valley and Salton Sea areas. Testimony in support emphasized serious undercounting of exposures and health harms in low-income, Latino, Indigenous, and immigrant communities; air district representatives said they would review amendments, while business and industry witnesses expressed concern about late amendments and possible implications for geothermal operations. The committee discussed the bill as a statewide framework rather than a district-specific response, and the author accepted committee amendments.
SB 811 by Senator Caballero would create a statutory framework for regulating metal shredding facilities, clarifying DTSC enforcement authority and incorporating prior negotiated environmental justice and fire-safety amendments. Supporters from the recycling industry and labor said the bill would reduce legal uncertainty, protect jobs, and preserve an important circular-economy sector; opponents from community, environmental, school, and local government groups argued it weakened hazardous waste protections and did not adequately address pollution and fire risks, especially in West Oakland. SB 501 by Senator Allen would expand California’s battery extended producer responsibility program to include medium-format batteries such as e-bike and outdoor equipment batteries; local governments and recycling groups supported it as a common-sense response to fire and disposal problems, while one battery recycler sought further discussion on implementation. All four bills were voted out of committee and sent to Appropriations, with SB 58, SB 299, and SB 811 passing unanimously and SB 501 passing on a 5-2 vote after additional members joined the committee.
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Senate Environmental Quality Committee Jan 13th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- affect vulnerable and environmentally overburdened communities, including low-income households, immigrant
- The Salton Sea is surrounded by predominantly low-income, Latino, Indigenous, and immigrant communities
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Environmental Quality heard four bills focused on environmental regulation and public health. SB 299 by Senator Cabaldon would extend a CEQA exemption to child care facilities in residential zones, with committee amendments adding guardrails to exclude sites on natural/protected lands and within 3,200 feet of oil wells or refineries. Support came from child care, planning, local government, and county groups, while one wildlife/plant organization opposed. Members emphasized the need for more child care access and noted the bill was a narrow fix to last year’s CEQA legislation. The committee later voted the bill out on a 7-0 vote.
SB 58 by Senator Padilla would update California’s hydrogen sulfide standards and response framework, citing outdated rules and monitoring gaps in the Tijuana River Valley and Salton Sea areas. Testimony from UCLA and community advocates described health impacts and undercounted exceedances, while air district representatives and business interests raised concerns about the scope and timing of the proposal. The committee accepted amendments and advanced the bill on a 7-0 vote. SB 811 by Senator Caballero would establish a regulatory framework for metal shredding facilities, clarifying DTSC enforcement authority and incorporating prior negotiated environmental justice and fire-safety amendments. Supporters included the recycling industry and labor groups; opponents from community, environmental, and local government organizations argued the bill was too deregulatory and did not adequately protect nearby communities. The bill passed 5-0.
SB 501 by Senator Allen would expand the state’s battery extended producer responsibility program to include medium-format batteries such as those used in e-bikes and portable power systems. Supporters said the change would improve collection, reduce fire risks, and shift disposal costs from local governments to producers; one battery recycler expressed interest in working on implementation details. The bill was amended and advanced on a 5-2 vote. After quorum was established and votes were taken on call, all four bills were reported out of committee and the hearing adjourned.
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
House Floor Session - part 1 May 18th, 2025
Minnesota House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- thought this might be an opportune moment to remind the body that 40% of farmworkers are undocumented immigrants
- think we should just remember that the agricultural industry is deeply dependent on undocumented immigrants
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Insurance Committee Apr 23rd, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- Collectively, our group represents more women, union members, and immigrants than any other group in
- With increased fear and intimidation among immigrant workers, the need for this bill has increased.
Summary:
The Assembly Committee on Insurance met as a subcommittee and heard several bills related to workers’ compensation, insurance access, climate resilience, and farmworker protections. AB 815 would prevent social service workers who use personal vehicles to transport clients from being misclassified as commercial or for-hire drivers under personal auto policies; supporters said the current practice leads to unaffordable premiums and denied claims, while no opposition testified. AB 1329 would revise the Subsequent Injury Benefit Trust Fund to reduce litigation and medical-legal costs and lower employer assessments; insurers and business groups opposed unless amended, citing concerns about eligibility standards and the QME process, but the bill advanced after amendments were discussed. AB 1048 would allow disputed unauthorized payment reductions for medical providers to be reviewed through independent bill review; supporters framed it as a transparency measure, while opposition argued IBR is the wrong forum and existing contract dispute processes should control, though the bill also passed. AB 1236 would create a Department of Insurance grant program for climate and sustainability risk-reduction projects, with broad support from the department, environmental groups, and insurers, and it passed unanimously.
The committee also heard AB 1336, the Farmworker Heat Illness Prevention Act, which would create a rebuttable presumption that a heat-related injury arose out of employment when an agricultural employer fails to comply with heat illness prevention standards. Supporters, including United Farm Workers, argued the bill would help protect farmworkers amid extreme heat and enforcement gaps; opponents from the workers’ compensation and agricultural sectors said the measure improperly uses the compensation system to enforce OSHA rules and could create unclear adjudication and delay issues. Members discussed Cal/OSHA enforcement limits, undocumented workers’ reluctance to report violations, and the relationship between the bill and existing workers’ compensation procedures. Despite opposition, AB 1336 passed on a divided vote.
The committee also took up a consent calendar including AB 1125, AB 1293, and AB 1398, which were approved together. Roll calls were held open and later completed, and the bills that advanced were sent to the Committee on Appropriations. The meeting concluded with the committee adjourning after final votes were recorded.
FL
Transcript Highlights:
- requires that the Department of Commerce make sure the individual is who they say they are, verify immigration
- status, and every two weeks... ...make sure the individual is who they say they are, verify immigration
Committee:
House Commerce Committee
Summary:
The committee took up eight bills and memorials and reported each favorably. It first passed HM 4063, a memorial urging Congress to lay the groundwork for a federal sovereign wealth fund. Sponsor Rep. Anderson described it as a long-term economic security measure, while several members questioned how such a fund would be structured, governed, and balanced against paying down debt. Ranking member Hunschofsky and Rep. Spencer raised concerns about transparency, market disruption, and the lack of specific parameters. The memorial passed on a recorded vote.
The committee then approved CS/HB 139, allowing pawnbrokers to use digital transaction forms, with SMG testifying in support as a modernization and pro-business change. It also adopted an amendment and passed HB 1157, which tightens reemployment assistance requirements by adding work-search, interview, identity, immigration, and availability checks; the amendment added protection for missed interviews due to emergencies and removed an email reporting requirement. The Florida AFL-CIO and Florida Center for Fiscal and Economic Policy opposed the bill, arguing Florida’s unemployment system is already overly restrictive and that the proposal would further limit access to benefits, while supporters said it would ensure claimants are actively seeking work and verify eligibility.
Members also passed CS/HB 497 to create nonprofit agricultural organization medical benefit plans for farmers and ranchers, with support from Americans for Prosperity, the Florida Hospital Association, and the Farm Bureau; CS/HB 729 to authorize veterinary professional associates to perform limited duties under veterinarian supervision, with testimony from veterinarians and advocates citing access and workforce shortages; and HB 311, a right-to-repair bill for motorized wheelchairs, which drew strong support from disability advocates who described long repair delays, high costs, and the impact on independence and health. Rep. Tramont praised the wheelchair repair bill during debate, and the committee voted it favorably.
Finally, the committee passed CS/HB 1549, an Office of Financial Regulation agency bill intended to help regulate financial institutions more efficiently, and CS/HB 715, which allows licensed roofing contractors to perform roof-to-wall connections during reroof or repair projects and extends the emergency cancellation window to 180 days after a declared emergency. HB 715 was amended to require a contract notice advising property owners to verify insurance coverage before signing when the work is tied to an insurance claim. Roofing industry groups and home inspection representatives supported the measure as a way to reduce costs and improve wind mitigation. At the end of the meeting, the chair announced the agenda was complete and the committee rose.
TX
FL
Florida 2025 Regular Session
January 14, 2025 - 01:00 PM
Transcript Highlights:
- On the foreign graduate provisions, are there any specified immigration requirements associated with
- Any proof that they have to show of immigration status or anything along those lines?
Summary:
The Health Professions and Program Subcommittee met for an introductory and oversight briefing from the Florida Department of Health on implementation of several 2024 laws. The committee heard first from Jennifer Winhold on practitioner-regulation measures, including SB 1716 and SB 1600, which expanded workforce pathways through foreign-trained physician licensure, area-of-critical-need temporary certificates for APRNs and physician assistants, graduate assistant physician licenses, interstate compacts, and a new universal licensure-by-endorsement process. She also reviewed HB 197 on massage therapy enforcement, HB 975 on broader background screening, HB 1561 on office-surgery and liposuction safeguards, HB 159 on pharmacist HIV post-exposure prophylaxis certification, and HB 1063 on chiropractic dry needling and foreign degree licensure. Members asked about compact scope, foreign graduate requirements, massage enforcement overlap with DBPR, and registration thresholds for liposuction procedures.
Dr. Emma Spencer then outlined implementation of SB 76 and related programs, including changes to the FRAME and dental loan repayment programs, the volunteer health care provider program, the Casey DeSantis Cancer Research Program, the Health Care Innovation Council and revolving loan program, and the Andrew John Anderson Pediatric Rare Disease Grant Program. She said the department had updated portals, posted forms, launched or was developing public search tools, and submitted required reports and contracts. Members questioned whether loan repayment funds were reaching rural and underserved areas, how nonprofit applicants were being informed about the Alphonse screening grant program, the short application window for that grant, and how the department would evaluate whether the programs were improving recruitment and retention.
A third presentation, delivered by Mike Mason standing in for Shea Holloway, covered maternal and child health and other public health initiatives. He reported on the telehealth maternity care program’s expansion from a pilot in Duval and Orange counties to 23 counties, the pregnancy-and-parenting resources website required by HB 415, CMV newborn screening requirements under SB 168, sickle cell registry and research grants under HB 7085, and the swim lessons voucher program under SB 544, which received nearly 10,000 requests for 3,500 vouchers and enrolled 86 facilities. Members asked about utilization, marketing, website launch timing, and how the department was promoting these services. No bills were voted on; the meeting concluded with the chair noting that more committee presentations and bills would follow and that briefing materials would be distributed to members.
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
Committee on Judiciary and Public Safety - Part 1 - 04/17/26
Judiciary and Public Safety
Transcript Highlights:
- that these license plate readers have been used improperly around the country to conduct civil immigration
- through its own data request that these ALPRs were used during Operation Metro Search for civil immigration
- </c> country to conduct civil immigration country to conduct civil immigration enforcement,<00:42:57.520
- </c> students, and teachers for immigration students, and teachers for immigration purposes,<00:43:02.960
- </c><00:43:20.640><c> enforcement</c> Search for civil immigration enforcement Search for civil immigration
Committee:
Senate Judiciary and Public Safety
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
Cmte on Rules - Subcommittee on the Federal Impact on Minnesotans and Economic Stability - 10/15/25
Transcript Highlights:
- , meaning many lawfully present immigrants will no longer have access to advanced premium tax credits
- , meaning many lawfully present immigrants will no longer have access to advanced premium tax credits
- , meaning many lawfully present immigrants will no longer have access to advanced premium tax credits
- , meaning many lawfully present immigrants will no longer have access to advanced premium tax credits
- , meaning many lawfully present immigrants will no longer have access to advanced premium tax credits
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Judiciary Committee Apr 21st, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- access resources that were not available to me as a young girl attending a Title I school in an immigrant
- access resources that were not available to me as a young girl attending a Title I school in an immigrant
- We have the Prevention Institute, Children's Defense Fund California, Services, Immigrant Rights and
- Child care homes are essential to California's child care system, especially for working-class immigrant
- Providers like me have seen firsthand how child care facilities have become targets for aggressive immigration
Summary:
The committee heard several bills, with most of the discussion focused on public safety, consumer protection, and youth harms. AB 1557 by Assemblymember Papin would clarify e-bike motor power limits and set lower speed-related standards for Class 1 and 2 e-bikes. Supporters, including the California Police Chiefs Association, cities, the California Medical Association, and the American Academy of Pediatrics, argued the bill would reduce severe injuries and deaths among young riders. Opponents from People for Bikes warned it could conflict with federal law, create legal uncertainty, and disrupt the bicycle market. The author and committee members acknowledged industry concerns and urged continued work on the bill.
AB 1770 by Assemblymember Garcia would place large health care service plan arbitration under California Department of Justice oversight and require compliance with the California Arbitration Act. Supporters described cases where patients were forced into private arbitration with little transparency or accountability, arguing the bill would make the process fairer and more neutral. Kaiser Permanente and the Civil Justice Association of California said they were still reviewing amendments and had not settled on a final position. Committee members expressed sympathy for the personal stories shared and encouraged continued negotiations.
The committee also heard AB 2075, which would require fire suppression equipment to be kept closer at hand during brush work, and AB 1864, which would require screening of gene synthesis orders to prevent misuse for bioterrorism. AB 2075 was presented as a response to a Ventura County wildfire, with support from the Ventura County District Attorney’s office and no opposition heard. AB 1864 was backed by the author, Stanford biosecurity expert Dr. Milana Trout, and Encode AI, while Biocom opposed unless amended and California Life Sciences remained neutral. Members discussed implementation details and the role of the Department of Public Health.
A major portion of the hearing was devoted to AB 1709, which would set a minimum age of 16 for social media accounts on platforms with harmful features and create an e-safety advisory commission. Supporters, including youth advocates, parents, medical groups, and Common Sense Media, said addictive design features are harming children’s mental health and safety. Opponents, including EFF, the ACLU, TechNet, and other civil liberties and industry groups, argued the bill is overbroad, raises First Amendment and privacy concerns, and could limit access to important online communities. Despite those objections, the bill was moved forward after committee discussion, with members emphasizing the need to protect children while continuing to work on carveouts and implementation details.
CA
Transcript Highlights:
- access resources that were not available to me as a young girl attending a Title I school in an immigrant
- access resources that were not available to me as a young girl attending a Title I school in an immigrant
- behalf of several organizations: the Prevention Institute, Children's Defense Fund California, the Immigrant
- Child care homes are essential to California's child care system, especially for working-class immigrant
- Providers like me have seen firsthand how child care facilities have become targets for aggressive immigration
Committee:
House Judiciary
MN
Transcript Highlights:
- Marshal Service, what is now Immigration Customs and Enforcement, but not under any 287G agreements or
- now</c><01:24:41.360><c> in</c> Marshal Service, what is now in Marshal Service, what is now in Immigration
- Customs</c><01:24:42.480><c> and</c><01:24:42.560><c> Enforcement</c><01:24:43.160><c> but</c> Immigration
- Customs and Enforcement but Immigration Customs and Enforcement but not<01:24:43.560><c> under</c><01
- </c> detained and are are in immigration detained and are are in immigration proceedings.<01:32:55.760
Bills:
HF4094 , HF3390 , HF3813 , HF3583 , HF3751 , HF4324 , HF4789 , HF3596 , HF4033 , HF4424 , HF4053
Committee:
House Taxes
Keywords:
Crosby, local sales tax, bonding authority, community projects, voter approval, Owatonna, use tax, special law, community center, municipal finance, capital project, sales and use tax, local option tax, city tax, public facility, general election, bond referendum, debt limit, levy limit, Minnesota local government
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
House Judiciary Finance and Civil Law Committee 3/3/26
Judiciary Finance and Civil Law
Transcript Highlights:
- facial recognition is increasing, especially with certain disfavored and vulnerable groups such as immigrants
- recognition company Clearview AI to develop a mass surveillance program to identify and persecute immigrants
- disfavored and vulnerable groups<00:09:18.080><c> such</c><00:09:18.240><c> as</c><00:09:18.480><c> immigrants
- ,</c><00:09:19.279><c> protesters,</c> groups such as immigrants, protesters, groups such as immigrants
- </c> persecute immigrants and protesters. persecute immigrants and protesters.
Committee:
House Judiciary Finance and Civil Law
Keywords:
facial recognition, privacy, government surveillance, public safety, data protection, civil liberties, disability rights, discrimination, accommodations, employment, housing, public services, education, civil action, failure to render aid, damages, Minnesota Statutes, legal liability, trespass, civil immigration enforcement
NH
New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session
House Children and Family Law (04/15/2025)
Transcript Highlights:
- I just want to know about the domestic violence, especially for mostly immigrant—when they have been
- arrested, like an immigrant, there was domestic violence in the house.
- arrested, like an immigrant, there was domestic violence in the house.
- So, when you come to the court, you know, you mentioned the immigrant part.
- So, when you come to the court, you know, you mentioned the immigrant part.
Summary:
The Children and Family Law Committee met on April 15, 2025, and opened a hearing on Senate Bill 269, which would remove references to “bride and groom” and replace them with “applicants” in the Vital Records Act. The bill was described by the sponsor’s designee as a housekeeping update requested by the Secretary of State to modernize and standardize the language in light of same-sex marriage and to make the statute gender-neutral. Members asked whether the change would affect the substance of marriage law, marriage ceremonies, age and residence requirements, or open the door to polygamy; the response was that it would not change the law, would still apply to two adults, and would not supersede New Hampshire’s ban on polygamy. Some members noted the bill had passed the Senate unanimously and 18-0, while others questioned whether the change was necessary given existing forms and statutes, and whether it could create confusion with other laws such as alimony or divorce paperwork.
The discussion became lengthy and somewhat informal, with members debating whether the terminology update was merely clerical or whether it should be postponed for more information from the Secretary of State’s office. Several members expressed frustration that no representative from that office was present. One member, speaking as a family law attorney, argued the bill was redundant because similar information already appears on vital statistics forms and could potentially create unintended issues; others countered that the Legislature should keep statutes consistent with current law and modern terminology. The committee also briefly discussed how marriage certificates and licenses are labeled and how same-sex couples are designated under current law.
After a Republican caucus break, the chair called for a nonbinding thumb vote on whether to postpone the bill. The committee voted to come back to the bill later, and the hearing on SB 269 was closed and postponed to a later executive session date. The chair then shifted to other committee business, including preparations for a later discussion with Chief Administrative Justice Ellen Kristo and a family court subcommittee exercise, but no further action was taken on SB 269 during this segment.
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
Committee on Health and Human Services - 02/25/25
Health and Human Services
Transcript Highlights:
- Thank you for allowing me to share my perspective, and I hope you will support this bill to help immigrant
- achieve</c><00:09:20.959><c> their</c><00:09:21.120><c> career</c><00:09:22.040><c> uh</c> and immigrants
- achieve their career uh and immigrants achieve their career uh goals<00:09:22.519><c> in</c><00:09:22.680
- In 1998, I immigrated to Germany, where my medical school degree was not recognized because of bureaucracy
- and has done a lot of work in medical school on health care literacy and working with refugee and immigrant
Committee:
Senate Health and Human Services
NM
New Mexico 2026 Regular Session
Senate Chamber Feb 7th, 2026 at 12:19 pm
New Mexico Senate Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- Other laws required immigrants to own guns in order to immigrate or to own land. ...and other slaves.
- Other laws required immigrants to own guns in order to immigrate or to own land.
- Other laws required immigrants to own guns in order to immigrate or to own land.
MO
Missouri 2026 Regular Session
Budget Feb 5th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- I want to make sure they don't have the right to use companies that hire illegal immigrants to circulate
- We will return on the Corps for Immigration Enforcement Training, page 95.
- We will return on the Corps for Immigration Enforcement Training, page 95.
- This one's entitled Immigration Enforcement Training.
- Can we go back quickly to page 95, the immigration enforcement training? I was not in the room.
Summary:
Attorney General Catherine Hanaway presented the Office of the Attorney General’s FY 2027 budget request and outlined her office’s priorities: reducing violent crime, targeting illegal and unregulated activities she described as a “vice squad” focus, protecting Missourians from fraud, and improving the office’s legal work. She highlighted major cases and enforcement efforts, including litigation over insulin pricing, Dollar General pricing practices, a criminal prosecution in Hermann, the Jackson County assessment dispute, and a new lawsuit involving Misha’s board policy. Committee members asked about cybercrime enforcement, cooperation with federal authorities, VLTs, ballot and referendum litigation, and the office’s approach to diversity-related legal issues. Hanaway said cybercrime and no-call enforcement rely heavily on multi-state and federal cooperation, and she emphasized that many cases begin with citizen reports.
Members also questioned the cost and scope of ongoing election-related litigation, including redistricting and referendum cases, and Hanaway said her office is defending the laws and ballot processes as required. She estimated roughly $600,000 in staff time over about six months for the referendum/redistricting work combined. Several members raised concerns about the Misha lawsuit and whether similar statutory provisions elsewhere in state government could raise the same legal issues; Hanaway responded that the case involved a board rule, not a statute, and turned on whether the requirement functioned as a quota. The committee also discussed child sexual exploitation, human trafficking, Medicaid fraud, and the use of outside counsel and pro hac vice fees. Hanaway said the office is using non-GR funds where possible and is not requesting pay increases this year.
The Missouri Office of Prosecution Services then presented its budget. Officials explained that MOPS trains and supports prosecutors statewide, including on DWIs, child sex cases, and new prosecutor training, and that its budget request matches the governor’s recommendation. Members asked about support for local prosecutors, the nine counties without elected prosecutors, and the new conviction integrity unit; staff said the unit’s positions were shifted between line items and that the office can help answer prosecutorial questions through its general counsel. The committee then moved to the Department of Public Safety budget. DPS reviewed funding for crime victims notification, law enforcement recruitment and retention, drug task forces, academy scholarships, Blue Star grants, local crime prevention, school safety, World Cup security, 988 trainings, wastewater testing in schools, and other programs. Members asked about the $59 million federal FIFA World Cup grant, school safety app funding, and wastewater testing participation; DPS said the World Cup funds require no state match, the app funding is being phased out, and schools opted into the testing program. The committee recessed before finishing the DPS book, with plans to return later.
NH
New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session
Senate Health and Human Services (03/18/2026)
Health and Human Services
Transcript Highlights:
- And I know in testimony it said regardless of anybody's immigration status, that was the testimony. >
- Um, you know, they're not, as far as I know, prohibited by immigration status to get a discount on their
- </c><00:09:49.279><c> immigration</c> anybody's immigration immigration anybody's immigration immigration
- :10:11.839><c> not</c><00:10:12.000><c> prohibited</c><00:10:12.560><c> by</c><00:10:12.880><c> immigration
- </c> they're not prohibited by immigration they're not prohibited by immigration status<00:10:13.920>
Committee:
Senate Health and Human Services
US
US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session
US House Floor Proceedings (Thursday, September 18, 2025)
US Federal House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- Not criminals, not even immigrants.
- </c> not even immigrants. not even immigrants.
- A resident of West immigrant rights.
- ><c> in</c><01:10:40.159><c> their</c> Immigrant families breathe it in their Immigrant families breathe
- Today it may be immigrants, is safe.