Transcript Highlights:

• WE SHARE THE SAME BACKGROUND WITH MENTAL ILLNESS IN OUR FAMILIES.
• YOU SENATOR AND I AM GENERALLY SUPPORTIVE OF THE CONCEPT BUT I'M ALSO AWARE OF THE FACT THAT MOST STUDIES
• COULD YOU EXPLAIN WHERE THEY WOULD GET A CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK IF THEY WERE A CORRECTIONS OFFICER
• WHEN YOU DO MILITARY HIRING YOU GO THROUGH A BACKGROUND CHECK AND LOCAL RECORDS CHECK AT THE SAME TIME
• ALSO, NO RECENT CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK? IS THAT CORRECT?

Keywords: 999, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• as I said, we're collaborating with the other agencies that work on water, and we ourselves are studying
• Um, your study from, I think it was November.
• The, um, I believe the prior requirement that you referenced is uh, a part of that same allocation study
• OK, so we're still studying the question.
• I mean, so what is the, what is your plan for, um, completing the study on the single market clearing

Transcript Highlights:

• So this level three study collected a significant amount of new information versus previous studies.
• So this level three study collected a significant amount of new information versus previous studies.
• This study also includes some new information versus prior studies in terms of how the bridge costs are
• addressed in this study.
• Please, go ahead. that kind of background.

Summary: The Joint Committee on Interstate 5 Bridge met remotely with Washington legislative members to receive updates on the Interstate Bridge Replacement Program, including environmental review, cost and funding, tolling, and procurement for construction. Program staff said the final supplemental environmental impact statement was published in April 2026, with a federal record of decision expected in early summer. They described the recommended design as a single-level fixed-span bridge, centered I-5 alignment, C Street ramps, one auxiliary lane in each direction, and dispersed park-and-ride parking. Members raised concerns about transparency, the closed chat function, and the decision not to include two auxiliary lanes; staff said the one-lane option was recommended through consultation with partner agencies and analysis, but the final decision would come with the record of decision. Staff also said the diversion analysis projected less than 3% traffic diversion to I-205 in 2045, though members from Oregon and Washington expressed concern about impacts to their communities and asked for more detail on mitigation and decision-making. The committee also reviewed a major cost update. Staff said the full five-mile program is now estimated at $13.5 billion to $15.2 billion, with a likely cost of $14.4 billion, up from a 2022 estimate of $5 billion to $7.5 billion, citing inflation, schedule delays, scope changes, and more detailed risk modeling. They said the first funded phase has been reduced to a $5.68 billion package focused on the Columbia River bridge replacement, connections to I-5, Hayden Island and SR-14, bridge demolition, tolling infrastructure, and advancing light rail design. Funding for that phase was described as $5.69 billion, including $2.1 billion federal funds, $1 billion from each state, and $1.5 billion in projected toll revenue. Members asked what would happen if costs rise further; staff said the estimate includes substantial contingency, the project will use progressive design-build to manage risk, and the team will continue updating the finance plan annually. A separate tolling and traffic-revenue presentation explained that four toll scenarios were analyzed using regional travel demand modeling, a toll diversion model, and a post-processing review. All scenarios assume pre-completion tolling beginning July 1, 2028, a 50% low-income discount for eligible users, and exemptions for tribal preemptions, emergency vehicles, maintenance vehicles, and organized militia. Staff said the low-income discount would affect about 4% to 6% of annual transactions and reduce annual revenues by roughly 2% to 3%. They said Scenario 2 was used for the financial analysis and is sufficient to support the $1.5 billion toll contribution in the funded phase. Members asked about toll collection costs, revenue impacts of the discount, and how the scenarios differed; staff said collection costs are expected to be in line with other WSDOT toll facilities, but exact costs are not yet set because toll rates are not final. Finally, WSDOT staff outlined procurement and delivery steps for construction. They said WSDOT will be the lead contracting agency, using progressive design-build, with a request for qualifications targeted for early July 2026, a request for proposals in October, contractor selection in April 2027, construction starting in 2028, and tolling beginning in 2028. Staff said the approach is intended to consolidate scope, reduce interface risk, and allow transparent negotiation with an independent cost estimator, while preserving an off-ramp if a fair price cannot be reached. Members asked for more detail on timing, cost allocation, and the share of the first phase funded by tolls; staff estimated tolls account for about 26% of the first phase cost.

Transcript Highlights:

• The studies out of Africa and there's another study out of Brazil that said ivermectin helps with COVID
• and other things, but the studies say it helps because these people have parasites.
• So, that's the background on those studies.
• So, that's the background on those studies.
• <00:49:56.960> Wyoming background check. What changed? Wyoming background check.

Keywords: 916, all

Transcript Highlights:

• was leaving, saying that he was very interested in starting a Cape Verdean feasibility study to see if
• And UMass Amherst as well, a major place of Cape Verdean study.
• Faculty of Cape Verdean descent, studying Cape Verdean history.
• Affiliation is the Center for Cape Verdean Studies at Bridgewater State.
• studies.

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The meeting was the first organizational discussion of the newly created commission to study the feasibility of establishing a Massachusetts Cape Verdean Cultural Center in Boston. Senator Liz Miranda opened with background on the seven-year effort to create the commission, the seed funding included in the state budget, and the commission’s one-year mandate to produce a report on location, funding, and next steps. Members introduced themselves and described their Cape Verdean ties, with discussion emphasizing the historical importance of Cape Verdean communities in Boston, New Bedford, Falmouth/Cape Cod, Brockton, and other parts of the Commonwealth. A major topic was how to structure the commission’s leadership. Members discussed whether the co-chairs should be legislators, outside appointees, or a mix, and several noted the need to follow open meeting law and other public meeting requirements. Representative Cabral suggested Senator Miranda and Representative Diggs as co-chairs, with possible vice chairs drawn from other appointees. The group also discussed the need to keep the commission representative of the broader state, not just Boston, and to consider an advisory group of Cape Verdean association presidents and other community leaders outside the formal membership. The commission then reviewed a long list of potential additional members, focusing on people with experience in arts, culture, education, history, community building, philanthropy, construction, health, and related fields. Members were asked to review the list, suggest additions or gaps, and send feedback to staff. No final appointments were made at this meeting. The commission voted to reconvene in two weeks to organize itself, potentially elect co-chairs and vice chairs, and move forward with additional appointments; the motion passed, and the meeting was adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• assessments in which students demonstrate competency in real-world ways, including podcast research, studies
• There's no fading in the background at Parker.
• We know from studies that the instruction and levels needed in an average fifth-grade classroom span
• No, the bill only calls for a study every three years.
• But it is just the study from DESE, so DESE would conduct the study.

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The Joint Committee on Education heard testimony on several bills centered on school accountability, receivership, graduation requirements, charter school access, community schools, school libraries, and student voting rights. Much of the discussion focused on the Thrive Act, S. 374, which would end state receivership and change the state’s accountability approach. Supporters, including educators, parents, advocacy groups, and students, argued that receivership has not improved outcomes in districts such as Lawrence, Holyoke, Southbridge, Boston, and the Dever, and that local communities should have more control, with greater emphasis on community schools, wraparound services, and broader measures of school quality. They also supported related bills on community schools and school library standards, and several witnesses backed a bill to expand student representative voting rights on school committees. Opponents of S. 374, especially charter school leaders, parents, students, and some education advocates, focused on Section 4 of the bill, which would change the charter school net school spending cap in the lowest-performing districts. They argued that the provision would reduce access to charter seats in communities where families are seeking more options, and that schools such as Roxbury Prep, Excel Academy, Brook, Veritas Prep, and Libertas Academy have produced strong results for students, including students of color, low-income students, and students with special needs. Several witnesses said the section would force schools to shrink or close and would remove opportunities for families in districts with long waitlists. Committee members questioned witnesses on both the effectiveness of receivership and the charter school cap language. Chair Lewis and Chair Gordon emphasized the need for a better accountability system and noted concerns about whether current measures, including MCAS-based designations, accurately reflect school quality. Some witnesses said they had discussed the possibility of removing Section 4 from the Thrive Act and suggested it might be addressed in separate charter reform legislation. No votes were taken during the hearing; testimony was received and the committee later closed testimony on S. 374 and several related bills before moving on to the student voting rights bill, S. 367.

Transcript Highlights:

• Now we have SP 98, establishing a study committee to study the issue of school bullying.
• SP 98, establishing a study committee to study the issue of school bullying.
• SP 210, establishing a study committee to study the issue of school bullying.
• establishing a study committee to study<00:08:21.280> the<00:08:21.479> issue<00:08:21.759
• > of<00:08:21.919> school study the issue of school study the issue of school bullying<

Keywords: 1191, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Your extensive background gives you a unique position to make this happen.
• She studied in India, as did my dad, and they were married there.
• Can you say yes, or are background checks constitutional?
• I'm not an expert on state-by-state background checks.
• Universal background checks are different. That's not what you say.

Transcript Highlights:

• We can commend TDI for their study that confirmed what we found.
• But in studying all 50 states, it's red and blue alike.
• I'm doing 10 projects in the Rio Grande Valley to study many...
• Do y'all study that much?
• A dozen environmental and technical studies.

Bills: SB458, SB819, SB1238, SB1642, SB1643, SB1644, SB1791, SB1810, SB1824, SB1825, SB758, SB1455, SB1706

Keywords: insurance appraisal, property insurance, auto insurance, homeowners insurance, residential property, disputed loss, loss valuation, appraisal clause, appraiser, umpire, Texas Department of Insurance, TDI, insurance dispute resolution, claims adjustment, total loss, windstorm insurance, FAIR Plan, surplus lines insurance, policyholder, insurer

Transcript Highlights:

• I will just kind of give everybody, if that's okay, a little background on what's going on, because this
• upgrades and inspections, runway repairs and expansions, obstruction removal, planning and economic studies
• Given this fluid nature, Given this fluid nature of the studies that we've been going through, and the
• And did this bill come out of a study?

Bills: HB1039, SB423, SB436

Keywords: local sales tax, local use tax, sales and use tax, tax audit, local collector, tax collector, prescriptive period, prescription waiver, interest suspension, delinquency penalties, estimated assessment, arbitrary assessment, certified mail notice, audit notice, taxpayer rights, installment agreement, Louisiana tax law, Title 47, revenue collection, tax administration

Summary: The Ways and Means Committee met on May 5, 2026, and first considered Senate Bill 436 by Senator Cloud, which revises how annual aviation fuel estimates are calculated for the Aviation Trust Fund. Senator Cloud explained that the fund supports airport and aviation projects and has been supplemented in recent years with general fund dollars because the estimated balance has remained stagnant. The committee adopted amendments allowing DOTD’s Office of Multimodal Commerce to use federal and other public data sources, requiring Revenue to provide annual aviation fuel sales tax collections data, and making a technical change. After a brief question about existing airport disclosure requirements, the bill was reported as amended with support cards entered into the record. The committee then took up House Bill 1039 by Representative Desotel, dealing with local sales and use tax audit procedures. The bill was presented as a fairness and transparency measure for audits, but members and the author discussed substantial amendments that would remove or modify several provisions. The committee adopted the amendments except for Amendment 4, which would have required private auditing firms contracting with taxing authorities to be domiciled in Louisiana; that language was set aside for further work after concerns it could affect audits conducted outside Louisiana. Members also discussed provisions on waiving prescription periods, suspending interest and penalties by agreement, and concerns about multiple parishes auditing the same business at once. The bill was reported as amended, with several support cards and informational cards entered. Senate Bill 423 was voluntarily deferred, and there was no other business before the committee. The meeting adjourned after a motion to adjourn was adopted.

Transcript Highlights:

• I would just give everybody, if that's okay, a little background on what's going on, because this will
• upgrades and inspections, runway repairs and expansions, obstruction removal, planning and economic studies
• Given this fluid nature, Given this fluid nature of the studies that we've been going through, and the
• And did this bill come out of a study?

Summary: The Ways and Means Committee met on May 5, 2026, and first considered Senate Bill 436 by Senator Cloud, which revises how annual aviation fuel estimates are calculated for the Aviation Trust Fund. Senator Cloud explained that the fund supports airport and aviation projects and is used to draw down federal matching dollars, but its credited amount has remained flat for years despite changing fuel sales. The committee adopted a set of amendments allowing DOTD’s Office of Multimodal Commerce to use federal and other public data sources, requiring annual sales tax collection reports from the Department of Revenue, and making a technical change. The bill was then reported favorably as amended, with several supporters’ cards entered into the record. The committee next took up House Bill 1039 by Representative Desotel, dealing with local sales and use tax audit procedures. Desotel said the bill was intended to improve fairness, transparency, and consistency in local audits, especially where businesses face multiple simultaneous audits by different parishes. A nine-amendment set was offered; after discussion, the committee adopted all amendments except Amendment 4, which would have required private auditing firms to be domiciled in Louisiana, and authorized staff to make technical changes. Members raised concerns about whether the bill could unintentionally encourage delays in audits and about whether audits in one parish could trigger audits in others. Desotel said the goal was to add guardrails without harming parish taxing authority, and the bill was reported as amended. Several witnesses and committee members spoke in support of stronger limits on repeated parish audits, describing the burden on businesses and the need for a more uniform process. Support cards were read into the record from multiple individuals and organizations, including the Louisiana Retailers Association and NFIB. Senate Bill 423 was then voluntarily deferred, and the committee adjourned after no further business.

Transcript Highlights:

• There were five cities in the study with similar findings.
• A study from the Williams Institute at UCLA Law confirms this.
• A study from the Williams Institute at UCLA Law confirms this.
• I grew up... ...Saniam University with a Bachelor of Science degree in interdisciplinary studies.
• I wish if most attorneys had your history and background, we wouldn't be having this conversation, and

Bills: SB7, SB14

Keywords: gender designation, civil penalties, private civil rights, multiple-occupancy spaces, Texas Women's Privacy Act, law enforcement, confidentiality, personnel files, employee records, misconduct

Summary: The Committee on State Affairs heard testimony on Senate Bill 7, the Texas Women’s Privacy Act, with the author and committee substitute explaining that the bill would require public facilities to designate multi-use private spaces by biological sex, restrict access to women’s restrooms, locker rooms, showers, sleeping quarters, shelters, and correctional facilities, and create civil penalties and enforcement mechanisms. Members asked about how the bill would apply to family violence shelters, children in mixed-family settings, venue layout, and venue for lawsuits; the author said the bill was similar to prior legislation but with stronger penalties and the 15th Court of Appeals as the exclusive intermediate appellate court for challenges, while clarifying that trial venue should generally be local except for state agencies. The committee also heard that the bill would be amended to better address local venue concerns and shelter-related issues. Invited testimony was largely in support of the bill from witnesses who described personal experiences in women’s sports, prisons, shelters, and public facilities, arguing that single-sex spaces are necessary for privacy and safety. Supporters included parents, former incarcerated women, a Republican county chair, a legal advocate, and a prison educator, who cited incidents involving transgender-identifying individuals in locker rooms, shelters, prisons, and restrooms, and said the bill would restore sex-based boundaries and protect vulnerable women and girls. One witness from Texas Values said the bill was needed despite the recently enacted Women’s Bill of Rights, and another ADF witness said the measure would protect privacy in schools and shelters. Opponents testified that the bill would harm transgender and intersex Texans, create harassment and “gender policing,” and expose cisgender women and children to invasive enforcement. Several witnesses argued there is no evidence that transgender women pose a restroom safety threat, while others said the bill would worsen mental health, employment, and school conditions for trans people and could conflict with prison standards and federal law. Family violence advocates urged changes to protect shelter operations and clarify that children can stay with parents, while other witnesses said the bill would create barriers for victims seeking help. The hearing featured extensive public testimony on both sides, but no final vote or committee action was taken in the portion provided.

Transcript Highlights:

• while all the other fees can be set by the executive director of Fish and Game pursuant to an actual study
• The game pursuant to an actual study.
• <00:47:46.079> This pursuant to a actual studies. This pursuant to a actual studies.
• I'll provide a little bit of background on the import fees.
• <01:17:08.080> checks new process for the background checks new process for the background

Keywords: 1191, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• <00:21:07.919> of already experienced a background of already experienced a background of
• who have already undergone background who have already undergone background checks,<00:23:29.760
• Thank you. background checks. They complete background checks.
• person's background person's background and<01:43:57.280> holding<01:43:57.520> them
• <01:44:04.560> or<01:44:04.880> their person's background or their person's background

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• ages and backgrounds. ages and backgrounds.
• I didn't study each provision critically for this presentation, but The Runestone Community Center in
• I didn't study each provision critically for this presentation, but out there um as well as uh other
• I didn't I<00:32:25.360> didn't<00:32:25.840> uh<00:32:25.880> study<00:32:26.520
• > each<00:32:27.240> provision I didn't uh study each provision I didn't uh study each

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• So, it's a uh the most background.
• Um, and so we worked together on that and came up with a study that we're going to move forward with.
• Um, and so we worked together on that and came up with a study that we're going to move forward with.
• Um, and so we worked together on that and came up with a study that we're going to move forward with.
• Um, and so we worked together on that and came up with a study that we're going to move forward with.

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• Our groundwater study shows that our wells are going to dry up by 2042.
• Have you all done a study or anything that suggests that?
• And these policies have a really dark background.
• Frank Bliss: I've been listening to the testimony today and, Frank Bliss: To be clear, my background
• And so, I was looking at, there was a study from 2019 looking at several suburbs in Texas.

Transcript Highlights:

• Many studies have aquatic ecosystems.
• I will say just by way of background I will say just by way of background that<01:19:03.360> you
• study before expansion Thoughtful study before expansion promotes<01:44:33.440> both<01:44:33.760
• So, does this bill intend to just study, have a committee to study it, or does the bill want to prohibit
• So, does this bill intend to just study, have a committee to study it, or does the bill want to prohibit

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The hearing focused on House Bill 1281, which would establish standards and voluntary certification for agency-owned “facility comfort dogs” used by police and other public safety agencies. Representative Morton, the prime sponsor, said the bill is intended to create a consistent statewide framework because different departments currently use different policies. He emphasized that the bill is meant to distinguish comfort dogs from service animals, emotional support animals, and therapy dogs, and noted that a small amendment may be needed to make that distinction clearer. He also said the bill is timely under the ADA because comfort dogs fall outside service-animal protections, but still need training standards for public safety and consistency. Committee members questioned whether the bill was too detailed and whether the legislature should be setting rules on matters like training methods, diet, and breeding. Laura Barker of Hero Pups, who helped train New Hampshire’s first police comfort dog, supported the idea of a minimum standard but said the bill should be less prescriptive and should not interfere with therapy dogs or private handlers. She explained that comfort dogs vary in temperament and deployment needs, that raw diets raise zoonotic disease concerns, and that the program should remain voluntary and not cost the state money. Detective Michelle Jones of Portsmouth Police opposed the bill as written, saying the term “facility comfort dog” is confusing, the bill is overly restrictive, and some provisions go beyond what should be mandated by statute; she suggested a more flexible, guideline-based approach and noted that departments already have their own SOPs and can enforce them internally. Justin Brassen of the Manchester Police Department also testified, describing the history of comfort dog programs in New Hampshire and the work of a prior subcommittee formed through the governor’s commission on PTSD among first responders. He said there are currently no statewide standards and that the earlier study involved police, fire, EMS, dispatch, corrections, and NAMI New Hampshire, with the goal of creating a thoughtful work product. He agreed the bill needs work and answered questions about how departments handle training and public access. By the end of the hearing, members and witnesses discussed possible amendments, and one committee member suggested the bill may be better handled through interim study because of the amount of work still needed.

Transcript Highlights:

• so I've also included another handout that's separate from the high level that just gives some background
• ... ...another handout that's separate from the high level that just gives some background information
• both a PIRF appropriation, which is on line 138, for three years at about a total of $135 million to study
• And of course, the STEM network, which you pointed out, is at $1.5 million, which is... to study ways
• And I think there's a study that shows that, say, students in a welding program taking three consecutive

Keywords: 996, all

Summary: The meeting began as an informal education budget work group focused on reviewing a revised House Appropriations and Finance Committee scenario and flagging concerns rather than taking votes. Staff outlined the main changes from the LFC recommendation, including moving the statewide student information system appropriation, adding funding for the Black, Bilingual, Multicultural and Hispanic Education Act, universal school meals overrun costs, an evidence-based CTE pilot with a 50% local match, STEM network funding, wellness room pilots, Martinez-Yazzie action plan items, and changes to innovation zone and out-of-school time appropriations. A separate handout on the seven-year CTE pilot explained spending patterns, reversions, and possible federal maintenance-of-effort concerns if the state continues funding beyond a true pilot. Members then debated CTE extensively, with several arguing it improves attendance, graduation, and career readiness and should be sustained or expanded, especially in rural areas, while staff and others emphasized that much of the current funding has gone to general operational costs rather than intentional program design and that regional or matched funding models may be more effective. Members also discussed STEM and math initiatives, the need for more industry involvement, and whether the proposed match requirements would be too burdensome for smaller districts and BIE schools. The discussion also covered the Black, Hispanic, and Multilingual Education Acts and the Martinez-Yazzie lawsuit. Some members stressed that the acts should be explicitly named in the budget language and not merely implied, while staff said the scenario reaffirms prior commitments by building the costs into agency operating budgets. Members raised concerns about charter school hold-harmless funding, declining enrollment, and the need to align spending with the needs of at-risk students. The work group ended the education portion without any votes, with staff noting they would incorporate the feedback and return with clarifications, including on CTE funding, the educational acts, and the charter hold-harmless item. The meeting then shifted to the child well-being and early childhood work group, where staff presented a revised Early Childhood Education and Care Department scenario. The proposal moved money toward child care assistance and early pre-K, kept the FIT program funding level unchanged, and used a mix of trust fund, TANF, federal, and operating-budget adjustments to close part of the gap between the executive and LFC recommendations. Members questioned the policy direction, especially the shift toward infant and toddler care and pre-K expansion, the impact on school-age child care, and the implications for continuity of care and provider costs. Staff explained that the scenario prioritizes younger children and at-risk families, includes language for a wage and career ladder, and would require legislation to raise the early childhood trust fund distribution cap from 500 to 525. Members also discussed a separate proposed CYFD pilot bill (HB 65), which would be distinct from ECECD funding. No votes were taken, and staff said they would return with more cost information on full pre-K plus wraparound care. A final work group reviewed C2 and Department of Information Technology-related appropriations. Staff compared the LFC and executive recommendations for new funding and reauthorizations, noting that the LFC generally limited new projects while the executive funded more. Members discussed several IT modernization requests, including the Secretary of State’s voter registration and election management systems, the Spaceport Authority, Game and Fish, the State Engineer’s WATERS system, ECECD’s FitKids and EPIC replacement discovery, and Aging and Long-Term Services’ enterprise system modernization. The main themes were whether to fund planning versus full replacement, how to avoid piecemeal spending, and whether new systems should wait for incoming leadership. The Secretary of State’s office said its system is nearing end of life and the planning funds would help prepare a realistic replacement request, while other agencies described aging infrastructure, cybersecurity risks, and the need for modernization. The work group did not vote on any of the items and ended with staff noting additional follow-up on funding needs and reauthorization details.

Transcript Highlights:

• Those are delays or phase-in costly code changes that require affordability impact studies before adoptions
• /c> changes that require affordability changes that require affordability impact<00:05:21.759> studies
• <00:05:24.080> So impact studies uh before adoptions.
• So impact studies uh before adoptions.
• They feel that they have a robust<00:38:11.920> background<00:38:12.480> in<00:38:12.800

Keywords: 958, all

Summary: The committee first heard a presentation from Northern Kentucky building industry representatives Brian Miller and Matt Mains on housing affordability and construction workforce issues. They argued that regulatory and code requirements add significant cost to new homes, citing an estimate of nearly $94,000 per home nationally and $15,000 to $20,000 per home in Boone County over the past decade. They recommended reforms to building code adoption, architectural design mandates, permit fees and delays, and setback/land dedication rules, saying these changes could reduce costs by $25,000 to $35,000 per home without affecting public safety. They also discussed workforce training efforts through the Enzwe Building Institute, dual-credit programs, apprenticeship incentives, and workforce grants, saying these efforts have helped hold wage growth below regional trends and improve housing affordability. Committee members asked about the breakdown of regulatory costs, the effect of energy codes, and ways to speed up permitting. The presenters said the costs were roughly split among federal, state, and local requirements, with local regulations adding about $25,000 to $35,000 and some energy-code changes adding about $19,000 per home. They said faster plan review, coordination with the Kentucky Division of Water, and addressing municipal staffing shortages could cut 30 to 45 days from approvals. Members also discussed the difficulty of building starter homes under about $350,000 and the need for more missing-middle housing, with the presenters saying such homes are hard to produce without sacrificing quality. The committee then took up Representative Kim Moer and Dr. Dale Bertram’s discussion of marriage and family therapist licensing and healthcare workforce data reporting. They explained that the bill would allow Kentucky to recognize out-of-state marriage and family therapists who meet licensure requirements, have no disciplinary history, and have passed the national exam, in order to reduce barriers and address provider shortages, especially in rural areas. They also described a separate workforce data reporting section that would require licensure boards to collect consistent information on where licensees practice and whether they are actively seeing patients, including through telehealth, so the state can better understand its healthcare workforce. Members supported the portability idea, noted that some qualified applicants are currently working in Indiana instead of Kentucky, and asked whether the data collection could be handled administratively; the sponsors said the bill would create consistency across boards. The committee also briefly discussed occupational board updates and the need for stronger communication between legislators and licensing boards, including architecture licensure issues and efforts to recruit more professionals.