Transcript Highlights:

• For small water providers, it's 15% of their total supplies, and for large water providers, it's 10%
• Arizona Project water to limit their loss and unaccounted-for water to 8% of their total supplies.
• Yeah, there were some concerns about special interests buying up this water and using the water, and
• from the McMullen Valley groundwater basin to include private water providers among others.
• Yeah, there were some concerns about special interests buying up this water and using the water, and

Summary: The caucus reviewed a long minority calendar covering a wide range of bills, with sponsors giving brief descriptions and members frequently raising concerns about constitutionality, cost, federal preemption, and policy impacts. Topics included medical intervention and vaccination/mask prohibitions, state treasurer investment rules, vacant state positions reporting, shooting range closure limits, congressional term limits, audit penalties, cellphone use while driving, procurement restrictions tied to China, air ambulance regulation, hospital immigration-status reporting, SNAP purchase restrictions, school assessment changes, school contract transparency, religious excusals from school, student contact information, fitness reporting, and several property tax, water, and agriculture measures. Members also discussed bills on AI-generated sexual material consent verification, DEI liability, hate-crime sentencing, commercial driver forfeiture tied to immigration status, speed-limiting devices for repeat speeding offenses, PFAS firefighting foam, name changes for sex offenders, abortion-inducing drugs, prisoner transition services, sexual extortion penalties, solar radiation management bans, and cultivated-cell food labeling and sales bans. Several bills drew explicit opposition or requests to pull them from consent, especially those affecting abortion access, immigration-related hospital reporting, school testing, religious release programs, DEI policies, and cultivated-cell foods. Members noted that some measures appeared duplicative, overly broad, or likely unconstitutional, and in multiple cases referenced prior vetoes or prior-year versions of the same bills. Supportive comments were also made on selected bills, including the PFAS foam prohibition, the assistive technology study committee, the digital goods consumer protection bill, and the prisoner transition services extension. The caucus also considered water and infrastructure measures, including brackish groundwater funding and studies, water augmentation authority bonds, Pima County water rates, groundwater transport rules, and HOA drought watering limits. Toward the end, members reviewed election-related memorials and resolutions, including a proposal to limit voting centers, a memorial urging withdrawal from the United Nations, and another urging defunding the IMF; all three were noted as being on consent and were pulled for further discussion. The meeting closed with announcements, including a note about a local missing-person concern and a caucus recognition program called the Affordable Arizona Award.

Transcript Highlights:

• supply service areas related to water utility and planning, and to assist public water systems to meet
• , right pressure, even water.
• In areas where there’s going to be sufficient water, right pressure, even water districts having water
• And just to summarize, it’s a plan for public water systems within a critical water supply service area
• These water system coordinated plans are not statewide.

Summary: The committee heard a series of presentations on comprehensive plan updates, permitting reform, special purpose district coordination, and subdivision reform. Pierce County and the City of Redmond described their recent comprehensive plan updates, emphasizing housing production, transit-oriented development, middle housing, preservation of affordable housing, and the need for technical assistance and clearer state guidance. Both jurisdictions said the planning process took years and was complicated by overlapping state requirements, changing legislative mandates, and multiple review authorities. Redmond in particular said mid-course legislative changes forced supplemental environmental review and added significant cost and delay, and both local governments asked for more stability, clearer statutes, and better-aligned timelines. Presenters from the architecture, building official, and development sectors focused on permitting delays and proposed ways to speed housing delivery. Dave Boucher of AIA Washington argued for a provisional construction permit process for projects stamped by licensed professionals, along with mandatory deadlines and fewer stalled review cycles. Tim Woodard of WABO described existing tools such as pre-application meetings and phased approvals, noting they can improve certainty but also require staff time and careful coordination. Representatives from Master Builders and D.R. Horton said permit and subdivision delays add substantial cost to housing, citing studies showing months of delay and tens of thousands of dollars added per home, and urged administrative approvals, concurrent review, self-certification, and limits on repeated review cycles. The committee also reviewed a Commerce-led task force report on integrating special purpose districts into Growth Management Act planning. The task force recommended early invitation and notice to water, sewer, school, port, and other service providers during countywide planning policy and comprehensive plan updates, better coordination on grants and capital projects, updated water system coordination plans, and improved school siting and funding alignment in fast-growing areas. Speakers stressed that the recommendations were intended to be light-touch and focused on better communication rather than major statutory overhaul, while also noting that rural and slow-growing areas should not be burdened with the same requirements as rapidly growing jurisdictions. On subdivision reform, FutureWise and the City of Spokane discussed making more subdivision decisions administrative, preserving vesting, clarifying exemptions, and reducing unnecessary notice and appeal steps. Spokane described local reforms such as smaller minimum lot sizes, unit lot subdivisions, and reduced-process “minor engineering review” for simple plats, while raising concerns about new notice requirements and appeals to city councils for technical plat decisions. Across the hearing, members repeatedly returned to the theme that local governments, builders, and state agencies need clearer, more coordinated rules to reduce delay and uncertainty while still protecting safety and planning goals.

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> other bodies of water. other bodies of water.
• Food insecurity, polluted water, and, as a result, our youth will...
• </c><00:13:57.560><c> and</c> for decades by poisoning our water and for decades by poisoning our water
• </c> leach into our drinking water leach into our drinking water from from from sites<00:14:32.880><c
• </c> causing a pump to fail and storm water causing a pump to fail and storm water to<00:20:00.640><c

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Summary: Rep. Athena Hollins and Sen. Ann Johnson Stewart introduced Minnesota’s proposed climate superfund bill, describing it as a way to make major historical greenhouse gas polluters help pay for climate adaptation and infrastructure repair. They said the bill would target large fossil fuel corporations with significant emissions and use the revenue for projects such as stormwater upgrades, bridge and roof protection, erosion control, drinking water protection, cooling cities, and other resilience work. Both lawmakers framed the proposal as a matter of accountability and fairness, arguing that Minnesotans should not keep paying for damage caused by companies that profited from fossil fuel pollution. Several supporters testified in favor of the bill, including St. Paul City Council Vice President Nyang Kheimey, former legislator and medical student Hunter Cantrell, Unidos Minnesota volunteer Bonnie Becol, and 100% Minnesota’s Aurora Vautrin. They emphasized local climate impacts such as flooding, wildfire smoke, extreme heat, emerald ash borer damage, asthma, and infrastructure failures, and said the costs are increasingly falling on taxpayers, local governments, and vulnerable communities. Kheimey highlighted municipal needs and St. Paul’s own climate investments, while Cantrell focused on environmental racism and health harms, and Becol and Vautrin stressed species loss, community recovery costs, and the burden on residents. In the question-and-answer portion, Hollins and Johnson Stewart explained that the bill would apply to fossil fuel corporations with at least 1 billion metric tons of carbon emissions and a nexus to Minnesota, not local utilities. They said the State Auditor’s office would determine the assessments owed by companies, while the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency would hold the fund and administer grants. They also said they were looking to models in Vermont and New York and hoped the proposal could attract bipartisan support because it is tied to affordability and shifting costs away from taxpayers and onto polluters. No vote or formal committee action was taken in the transcript, and the event ended with the sponsors opening the bill to questions.

Transcript Highlights:

• All right, last question on this topic, Ranking Member Waters. Ranking Member Waters.
• Thank you, Member Waters.
• Discussion, Ranking Member Waters.
• Waters: aye. Representative Waters votes aye. Walsh: nay, do not pass.
• Waters: aye. Representative Waters votes aye. Walsh: aye. Representative Walsh votes aye.

Bills: HB2514, HB2661, HB2637, HB2632, HB2499, HB2198, HB2520

Keywords: HB 2514, global war on terror, GWOT, war on terror memorial, Capitol campus memorial, Washington veterans, fallen service members, military memorial, post-9/11 veterans, Iraq War, Afghanistan War, Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation New Dawn, veterans memorial, capitol grounds, state memorial, Secretary of State, Capitol Committee, Department of Veterans Affairs

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> &gt;&gt; Waters Evans of Charlotte? &gt;&gt; Waters Evans of Charlotte? &gt;&gt; No.
• </c> permit for municipal water connections. permit for municipal water connections.
• </c> system and portable water supply rules. system and portable water supply rules.
• a experience in water and wastewater experience in water and wastewater design.<02:27:16.800><c> And
• Sub nine, a portable water exempt.

Keywords: 926, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> water.
• We I think we can cover water water.
• So, if that element goes out, is your water system dead in the water?
• </c> water foot of a water line was $200. water foot of a water line was $200.
• of water systems and drinking water specific for many years.

Keywords: 916, all

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> Water and the surrounding Sai Valley. Water and the surrounding Sai Valley. Thanks. Thanks.
• Uh, it retains water. The water table's very high.
• Uh, it retains water. The water table's very high.
• Uh, it retains water. The water table's very high.
• Uh, it retains water. The water table's very high.

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Now we're replacing the water control structure on that dam to be able to better control high water,
• as well as to mitigate water if we need to drain water for repairs.
• They could use the water. The lake had plenty of water, but they weren't able to open that valve.
• reach the water level.
• So we try to use surface water where we can, or lift water.

Summary: The committee first heard from Arkansas State Police leadership about the agency’s role in federal immigration enforcement. Colonel Mike Hager said State Police has completed 287(g) training for all but 12 officers and is authorized to assist ICE in limited circumstances, but is not an immigration enforcement agency. He emphasized that troopers only make immigration-related notifications after lawful stops or arrests for other offenses, and that the agency uses discretion and chain-of-command approval for any planned operation. Members asked about how immigration status is determined, whether stops are tracked, whether local agencies are participating, and whether there are costs or reimbursement mechanisms; Hager said the agency began tracking encounters in September and had 48 detentions since then, most tied to other criminal violations such as DWIs or domestic violence. He also said there were no current planned immigration operations beyond assisting federal partners. The committee then received an update from Arkansas Game and Fish Commission Director Doug Schoenrock on wildlife management areas, waterfowl habitat, and related infrastructure. He reported that most moist-soil units and green tree reservoirs were flooded or near normal, with one new pump not yet operational and a vandalized Ed Gordon/Point Remove pump back in service since December. He also said the Lake Conway dam and water-control work were progressing, with a public meeting scheduled at Mayflower High School. Questions followed about dock removal notices, maintenance on other water-control structures, and a recent fatal boating accident at Baumito WMA, which Schoenrock described as a high-speed collision in flooded timber and said the agency was working on a safety memorial effort with the victim’s widow. A substantial portion of the meeting focused on duck season, drought conditions, and criticism of the Flyway Federation’s push to restrict hunting over standing corn. Schoenrock said Arkansas remains the nation’s top duck-hunting destination, but drought and warm weather have reduced water availability and caused ducks to move north; he cited survey numbers showing 1.4 million ducks in the state at the end of December but a much lower January count. He argued that standing corn is legal and that federal habitat and water policy, not Arkansas law, drives long-term duck populations. Members raised concerns about changing migration patterns, the role of private clubs, federal regulation, and the possible effects of wind turbines and solar panels on waterfowl; Schoenrock and Commissioner Chris Caldwell said the commission is studying those issues, including a University of Arkansas at Monticello project on avoidance behavior, and that no immediate regulatory changes were announced. The committee took no formal vote and adjourned after the presentations and questions.

Transcript Highlights:

• I'm the executive director of the Central Texas Water Coalition.
• I listen to them, I find out who their water provider is.
• This is drinking water they're putting on their grass or their driveways.
• The other thing that's unique about Georgetown is that our water CCN, our water territory, is 440 square
• We support water conservation.

Bills: HB 186

Keywords: public funds, lobbying activities, political subdivisions, government expenditure, transparency, local government, political subdivision, county, city, municipality, special district, taxpayer-funded lobbying, lobbying restriction, registered lobbyist, government association, county association dues, Texas Legislature, injunctive relief, attorney's fees, Chapter 556

Transcript Highlights:

• I'm the Executive Director of the Central Texas Water Coalition.
• This is the... most affordable, secure water supply we have, and it should be used... drinking water
• The other thing that's unique about Georgetown is that our water CCNs, our water territory is 440 square
• We support water conservation.
• The Texas Gulf Coast, for example, we've got I-69, rail, water, energy.

Bills: HB186, HB517, HB 1093, HB 1268, HB1395, HB186

Keywords: social media, children, account verification, data privacy, parental control, property owners' association, residential watering restrictions, vegetation, fine limitations, drought, technology, innovation, economic development, grants, Texas Economic Development, business funding, HB 1395, private passenger vehicle rental, car rental, vehicle rental

Transcript Highlights:

• Bartleman: Are you implying the South Florida Water Management District, who is in charge of water control
• supply, water quality, flooding, natural systems.
• I watched everyone at the Water Management budget by video. Not one complaint.
• I am very upset about the water management districts.
• We respect them in that regard but when it comes to things like transportation, water, storm water, and

Transcript Highlights:

• This bill preserves the Department of Water Resources' water rights to the State Water Project until
• DWR manages the State Water Project and provides water to 27 million Californians.
• water.
• Californians that rely on the State Water Project for their water needs.
• natural way to store water.

Keywords: 988, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Next up is SB 2002 relating to water, allows the Commission of Water Resource Management to retain independent
• Next up is SB 2002 relating to water, allowing the Commission of Water Resource Management to retain
• And next up is SB 2022 relating to the state water code to state water code penalties, allowing a minimum
• </c><00:07:15.040><c> code</c> state water code to state water code state water code to state water code
• </c> violation of state water code. violation of state water code.

Keywords: 912, senate, all

Summary: The committees met in decision-making sessions and considered a long list of Senate bills, with no oral testimony taken. Several measures were advanced unamended, including SB 2178 on industrial hemp, SB 2277 on hospital price transparency, SB 2387 on digital financial asset transaction kiosks, SB 2688 on compassionate release, SB 3132 on syndromic surveillance data reporting, SB 3219 on housing infrastructure growth bonds, and others. Many bills were also advanced with technical or substantive amendments, including SB 2114 on collective bargaining grievance rights, SB 2601 on procurement penalties, SB 2698 on cruise ships/transportation, SB 2757 on digital asset charters, SB 2948 on insurance fraud, SB 2002 on water governance, SB 2022 on state water code penalties, SB 2190 on inclusionary zoning, SB 3294 on wrongful imprisonment compensation, and SB 17, SB 2407, SB 2811, SB 2907, SB 2930, SB 3084, SB 3103, and SB 2808 in the later agenda segment. The committee also discussed SB 2080, relating to the psychology interjurisdictional compact, where one senator objected to interstate compacts as opening local jobs to out-of-state professionals; despite that objection, the measure was adopted. SB 3133 on preventive medicine drew amendment discussion to remove unnecessary language about committee members not being state employees and to delete an immunity subsection, while preserving ethics-code coverage and provider immunity. SB 3000 on insurance was amended to remove a savings clause, and SB 2921 on fund transfers received extensive amendments removing or revising numerous special funds and revolving accounts across agencies. Most votes were unanimous or near-unanimous, often with members present voting aye or with reservations. A few measures drew recorded no votes or reservations, including SB 2080, SB 3133, SB 2921, and SB 2401, where one member voted with reservations and the committee report was to reflect the Attorney General’s comments. In each case, the committee adopted the recommendation and moved the bills forward.

Transcript Highlights:

• </c><00:25:15.520><c> grants</c> and light item sewer and water grants and light item sewer and water
• First, from our clean water review.
• </c> treatment facility to the existing water treatment facility to the existing water treatment<00:30
• </c> are from round two of the cleaner water are from round two of the cleaner water program.<00:30:39.039
• So it sounds out of the drinking water.

Keywords: 00:05 Call to Order and Roll Call 00:34 Approval of Minutes 00:56 Information Items 05:40 Project Rpt from Postsecondary Institutions 14:00 Project Rpt from Finance and Administration Cabinet 20:40 Lease Rpt from Finance and Administration Cabinet 24:53 Rpt from OFM – Ky Infrastructure Authority 40:38 Office of Financial Management 47:39 Remaining 2025 Meeting Dates 48:05 Adjournment, 958, all

Summary: The meeting began with routine business, including a quorum call, approval of the April minutes, and several informational reports. Those information items covered upcoming general obligation debt for Bullitt, Jefferson, and Warren counties; Kentucky Communications Network Authority updates tied to House Bill 6; Eastern Kentucky University asset preservation reallocations under House Bill 1; and School Facilities Construction Commission debt activity, including 20 prior debt issues totaling about $386 million with roughly 85% locally supported debt service and 15% SFCC participation. Members then discussed concerns about a Kentucky Communications Network Authority project, focusing on a reported discrepancy between an appropriation of $12.927 million and an apparent payment of about $8.532 million on a project with a cost estimate of $12.449 million. Several members asked for more detailed written information before the next Capital Projects meeting, noting that a lawsuit is pending and that they wanted to better understand the basis for the request and the spending to date. The committee also heard and unanimously approved a donor-funded Northern Kentucky University project to renovate tennis courts, with possible pickleball additions, after questions about why approval was needed, the project’s estimated $3 million cost, and its expected minimal ongoing operating costs. The committee next received Kentucky State University pool allocation reports for three projects: a $2 million McCullen Hall renovation, a $1.75 million walkway and miscellaneous repairs project, and a $2 million academic services building roof-and-window project. A member asked specifically about curb cuts and accessibility in the walkway project, and Kentucky State said existing curb cuts would be repaired and additional accessibility issues would be reviewed by engineers. The lease report from the Finance and Administration Cabinet included one lease modification requiring approval for the Attorney General’s office in Franklin County and one no-action modification for the Board of Cosmetology; the Attorney General lease was approved by roll call vote. Finally, the Kentucky Infrastructure Authority presented five loans and 37 grants, with action taken on the loan and grant items. The loans included a Hodgenville wastewater treatment plant increase, a Grant County sewer district treatment plant loan, a Mount Sterling dam rehabilitation loan, and two Morganfield drinking water loans for granular activated carbon treatment, one with full principal forgiveness. Members asked about the Morganfield project’s purpose and were told it was a remediation effort for a water-quality concern, and they also raised questions about engineering fees, which KIA said are compared against a U.S. Rural Development fee schedule that is industry accepted. The committee also reviewed cleaner water program grant reallocations from county allocation pools.

Transcript Highlights:

• Pecans take a significant amount of water, we know that, um, and we're working on how to increase water
• In terms of immediate needs, uh, we had a water tank go out.
• Um, so we have a separate water system for the, the.
• You know, water rules were made in 1938 and all the surface water in Rio Riba.
• Water trust board and if the water trust board approves them and decides they want to award you money

Transcript Highlights:

• So actually, did you add water to water and height?
• </c><00:21:34.240><c> to</c><00:21:34.720><c> water</c><00:21:35.200><c> and</c> did you you added water
• to water and did you you added water to water and height?
• </c> they could expand their water or sewer. they could expand their water or sewer. um<00:40:38.800>
• </c> where they could, you know, run a water where they could, you know, run a water system<00:40:42.720

Keywords: 1191, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• These are people who want to steal our water.
• Idaho are hiding water. I don't know how we do that, but they wanted our water.
• These are people who want to steal our water.
• Idaho are hiding water. I don't know how we do that, but they wanted our water.
• Our water is worth it.

Keywords: 989, all

Summary: The committee first approved the minutes from January 19 and 20 by voice vote. It then took up several RSs offered by Representative Heather Scott. RS 3-2866, which would remove the Idaho Commission on Hispanic Affairs from state code, was introduced on a 7-7 roll call and failed. RS 3-2921, which would remove Idaho from the Pacific Northwest Economic Region Cooperation Agreement, was introduced after discussion about its $60,000 annual cost and claimed lack of clear economic benefit. RS 3-2922, which would remove the state from the Legislative Fisheries Council / Pacific Fisheries Legislative Task Force, prompted debate over Idaho’s role in regional fisheries and water policy; the motion to introduce failed on voice vote and the RS was returned to the sponsor. The committee then heard RS 3-2951 from Representative Elaine Price, a proposed House joint resolution to place before voters a repeal of Section 5 of Article 9 of the Idaho Constitution, the Blaine Amendment. Supporters argued the amendment conflicts with the U.S. Constitution and has been used in a discriminatory way against Christians, citing an Idaho court case involving use of a school facility. Questions focused on how the state constitution and federal law conflict and on examples of unequal treatment. The motion to introduce the resolution passed by voice vote.

Transcript Highlights:

• Water treatment and sanitation systems protect the public's health, and storm water management systems
• can prevent flooding and reduce water pollution.
• And everywhere we went, it was water and sewer infrastructure and road infrastructure.
• Um, and also we've discovered all these chemicals now that are polluting our water.
• </c> and in addition our especially our water and in addition our especially our water and<00:02:02.000

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> or build a new water treatment plant. or build a new water treatment plant.
• </c> So they elected to build a new water So they elected to build a new water treatment<00:42:38.319
• </c> expensive to treat uh all of this water expensive to treat uh all of this water and<00:42:57.760
• City of Wardsville, Sharpsburg Water District, City of Olive Hill, Fleming County Water Association,
• treatment plant but the have a water treatment plant but the water<00:45:09.760><c> treatment</c><00

Keywords: Meeting Start: 00:00:00 Roll Call 00:00:11 Discussion of County Clerks’ Land Records Update 00:02:42 Discussion of Area Development Districts 00:22:48 Discussion of Legislative Measures 00:50:09 Discussion of Local Taxing Sources 01:02:33 Adjournment 01:29:16, 958, all

Summary: The committee first took up an update from the Kentucky County Clerks Association on the transition to electronic recording and land records modernization. Testimony explained that legislation from the 2021 task force created funding and deadlines for counties to provide online search portals and complete a 30-year property record search, with a later move to a 60-year standard. Speakers said the money has been awarded to counties, but much of the work is still in progress because records must be scanned, indexed, and manually verified. They said only a handful of counties are fully compliant with electronic recording so far, while many are still working through staffing and vendor issues. They also noted that the 60-year standard may ultimately be easier and more efficient to complete than the 30-year standard, and that compliance is expected to improve by next summer. The clerks’ representatives also raised related issues, including deed fraud, the county document storage fee, and KDLA digitization grants. They said online recording can make deed fraud easier to attempt, so they expect to seek legislation next session to address it. They described an existing notification service available in many counties that alerts property owners when a document is recorded, which can help detect suspicious activity quickly. They also said the storage fee and separate county account structure has generally worked well, but that two recent KDLA grant cycles have not released money for clerks, limiting support for digitization work. Another topic was whether, once records are fully digitized and verified, some permanent records should remain publicly accessible or be moved to a safer archive under KDLA control. Members asked about the balance in the KDLA fund, what the General Assembly could do to help lagging counties, and how much of the $25 million modernization funding had been spent. Witnesses said they did not have the current fund balance but would try to get it, that the main obstacle now appears to be staffing rather than additional money, and that the funds have been awarded but not fully expended because work is still ongoing. They emphasized that counties are helping one another and asked members to alert association leadership if any county is struggling. The committee then heard a presentation from Dan London, executive director of the Lincoln Trail Area Development District, who described area development districts as regional staff extensions and technical resources for cities and counties, and highlighted their role in coordinating regional services and partnerships across county lines.

Transcript Highlights:

• won't take any water at that pressure.
• Water does not have that ability. When you inject water, it does not compress.
• Water does not have that ability. When you inject water, it does not compress.
• You know, overpressure water.
• We had to have a drinking water well test.

Summary: The committee heard House Bill 706 by Representative Riser, which would set a more detailed process for commercial saltwater disposal wells, including site-specific modeling and pressure review. Riser and industry witnesses argued the bill would provide clearer, more predictable rules for operators who have faced long delays and changing requirements, while Department of Conservation and Energy officials said they are already developing guidance and that any pressure standard must remain site-specific to avoid fracturing confining layers, protecting drinking water, and staying within EPA primacy requirements. The department emphasized that geology varies widely across Louisiana and that a fixed pressure number in statute could be unsafe in some locations. Members also discussed the fiscal note, the need for additional staff, and whether the bill would tie the department’s hands or force approvals; witnesses said the bill’s modeling requirements were conservative, but opponents warned the statutory pressure ranges could conflict with site-specific safety determinations. After a technical amendment was adopted, the committee voted on the bill and it failed on a 6-6 tie. The committee then took up House Concurrent Resolution 4 by Representative McCormick, which would suspend Louisiana’s deer baiting ban for 18 months in areas affected by chronic wasting disease (CWD). McCormick and Hunter Nation representatives argued that baiting bans have not stopped CWD in other states, that deer feeders and food plots are part of hunting culture, and that Louisiana should rely on science and a more flexible approach. They cited Wisconsin as an example where CWD spread despite long-standing feed bans and said there has been no proven human transmission. Department of Wildlife and Fisheries officials said bait bans are one of the few tools available to reduce artificial congregation of deer and help limit disease spread, and they explained that the department is also working with a CWD task force and another proposal that would tie restrictions to a 1.5% prevalence threshold rather than an across-the-board suspension. The discussion ended with the department providing information on the impacts of both measures, but no final action on HCR 4 was recorded in the transcript.