Transcript Highlights:

• Today, HLI's network includes more than 2,000 alumni, among them U.S.
• and whereas the Hispanic Leadership Institute equips participants with the tools, knowledge, and networks
• repeatedly asked them time and time again to allocate a greater percentage of the funding that we provide
• This is, you know, it's being alluded to that we provide pennies to the school districts.
• Please remember to bring the ticket provided to you at the event and enjoy lunch.

Summary: The Senate convened with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, and an electronic roll call showing 24 members present and six excused. After approving the journal, the body recessed for a performance marking America’s 250th birthday, then returned for introductions and recognitions, including Hispanic Leadership Institute Day at the Capitol, Children’s Health Day advocates, guests of members, and the doctor of the day. The Senate also handled routine calendar items, including gubernatorial nominations and bill referrals, and appointed Senator Shope to temporarily serve as vice chair of the Finance Committee for the day. The main floor action was on SCR 1032, a measure relating to school district budgets and classroom spending. The bill, as amended, would require larger school districts to spend at least 60% of operational spending on direct instructional expenses, with a step-in penalty reducing classroom site fund allocations for continued noncompliance. Senator Hoffman explained the amendment as a moderated version that exempted certain rural/smaller districts and phased in penalties over several years; supporters argued it would ensure more money reaches classrooms and teachers. Opponents, including Senators Epstein, Miranda, Kuby, and others, argued it would micromanage local school districts, ignore important non-classroom costs such as nurses, transportation, counselors, and librarians, and unfairly target district schools while excluding charter schools. The Senate adopted the committee and floor amendments and then passed SCR 1032 on third reading by a vote of 16-12, with 2 not voting, sending it to the House. The Senate also considered SB 1071 concerning the Arizona Rangers. Supporters said the bill was not a full repeal but would create external oversight, improve background checks, and increase accountability and training transparency. Some members said they expected the House to further amend the measure. SB 1071 passed on third reading by a vote of 17-11, with 2 not voting, and was transmitted to the House. The session concluded with caucus and committee announcements, a recognition of World Down Syndrome Day advocates, an invitation to SRP Day at the Capitol, and adjournment until the next day.

Transcript Highlights:

• HLI's network includes more than 2,000 alumni, among them U.S.
• and whereas the Hispanic Leadership Institute equips participants with the tools, knowledge, and networks
• repeatedly asked them time and time again to allocate a greater percentage of the funding that we provide
• This is, you know, it's being alluded to that we provide pennies to the school districts.
• Please remember to bring the ticket provided to you at the event and enjoy lunch.

Keywords: 1182, all

Transcript Highlights:

• We've heard a lot about Forever Green, and we provide funding for that.
• We've heard a lot about Forever Green, and we provide funding for that.
• We've heard a lot about Forever Green, and we provide funding for that.
• We provide for the operating the budget.
• Provide the certifications and farmers.

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• Senate Bill 2201 seeks to provide law enforcement agencies the tools they need to combat this ever evolving
• The, the fundamental purpose of the Tex County database is to provide a system that allows sharing of
• Provided if somebody requests authorization to access it as a law enforcement officer. OK.
• We do not have a targeting cycle that allows us to identify and dismantle the threat networks across
• In recent years, nonprofits motivated by faith to provide humanitarian aid have faced investigations

Transcript Highlights:

• Communications, we run our own computer network.
• We run our<00:21:02.480><c> own</c><00:21:02.720><c> computer</c><00:21:03.160><c> network.
• Our um and we our own computer network.
• </c> footprint and improving the network footprint and improving the network efficiencies<00:53:15.880
• Our healthcare facilities do provide specialized logistics for the medical industry.

Keywords: 958, all

Summary: The task force met on October 14, confirmed a quorum, and adopted the September 16, 2025 minutes. Members then received a Kentucky Air National Guard 101 briefing from Brigadier General Bruce Bancroft, commander of the Kentucky Air National Guard, who described the Guard’s structure, missions, and statewide role. He emphasized that Kentucky is a single-wing state centered at Louisville’s 123rd Airlift Wing and highlighted several unique capabilities, including the Contingency Response Group, critical care air transport teams, medical detachment for chemical environments, explosive ordnance disposal, fatality search and recovery, and special tactics personnel. General Bancroft also discussed staffing and readiness, saying the Guard has 1,273 authorized positions, with a mix of AGR, Title 32, and Title 5 personnel. He noted that AGR positions are funded at about 96 percent, while technician positions are funded at about 53 percent, leaving the organization to operate at roughly 75 percent of authorized manpower overall. He said the wing converted from the C-130H to the C-130J in 2021 and completed the transition in about 2.5 years, ahead of the original three-year timeline. The briefing further covered the Guard’s operational tempo and community role. Bancroft said the unit has earned 21 Air Force Outstanding Unit Awards, has deployed about 500,000 days since 9/11 across 45 countries, and routinely supports federal and domestic missions. He described the C-130J’s tactical airlift, airdrop, and blacked-out operations as directly useful for disaster response in Kentucky, and he pointed to strong ties with UPS and other aviation employers. No votes or formal actions were taken beyond approval of the prior minutes.

Transcript Highlights:

• He provided me with the critical insight needed to understand the operating environment.
• ISIS controls our global network from Somalia.
• They have certainly increased the amount they provide.
• One of the most important things they do provide is intelligence.
• NADWEC provides realistic joint force training with our global allies and our partners.

Keywords: committee meeting, legislation, public testimony, SB4, HB2214, bipartisan support

Summary: The committee convened to discuss various bills and hear testimonies related to legislative matters, including public concerns and implications surrounding the proposed legislation. Notably, the members engaged in a vigorous debate over SB4, where several representatives shared differing viewpoints on its impact on local communities and the environment. Public testimonies were heard, with advocates arguing for the bill's potential benefits, while opponents raised significant concerns regarding the fiscal implications and land use. Following these discussions, the committee moved to vote on HB2214, which passed without issue, illustrating the bipartisan support for certain initiatives tied to public welfare.

Transcript Highlights:

• </c><01:32:05.280><c> some</c> questions and perhaps provide some questions and perhaps provide some
• </c> working with her uh to provide working with her uh to provide information<01:54:58.080><c> all</
• </c> at Medicaid is when any providers at Medicaid is when any providers licensed<01:58:25.679><c> in
• c> actuary</c><01:59:02.400><c> who</c> provided that to our actuary who provided that to our actuary
• </c> numbers I provided. numbers I provided.

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• The bill provides greater clarity regarding the types of vehicles commonly involved in these events.
• AB 1588 is a measured proposal that provides law enforcement with clearer tools to address conduct that
• The bill provides what we think is a model framework for how independent offices of Inspector General
• But noting that, you know, this particular legislation is around the Inspector General, who provides
• MTS is not just a transit provider, like in many other regions.

Summary: The Senate Committee on Transportation heard testimony on a large agenda of transportation-related bills, with several measures discussed before a quorum was established. AB 1588 focused on sideshows and street takeovers, with the author, San Francisco Police Department, and Streets Are for Everyone arguing the bill would modernize enforcement, add motorbikes and dirt bikes to the sideshow framework, and improve public safety; there was no opposition testimony. AB 2015 would require Caltrans to study the effects of third-party navigation apps on congestion, local streets, infrastructure, and emergency response, and was supported by Streets for All, AAA, and local agencies, with no opposition. AB 2717 would extend a sunset for off-site advertising displays at large sports venues; the Dodgers supported it, the San Jose Sharks and others noted amendments, and no opposition was heard. AB 1608 would strengthen the independence and transparency of the High-Speed Rail Office of Inspector General by requiring public reports, adding confidentiality protections for sensitive security information, and granting staffing and purchasing authority; the First Amendment Coalition supported the amended bill, while the Vice Chair raised concerns about transparency and limiting confidential notices to committee chairs. The committee also heard AB 2346 on e-bike safety, which would require speedometers on Class 2 e-bikes, lights, a statewide sidewalk speed limit, local authority over bike-path speeds, and point-of-sale disclosures. Support came from medical, law enforcement, local government, and safety groups citing rising injuries and confusion over e-bike rules; PeopleForBikes remained opposed unless amended, mainly over lighting and disclosure requirements, though Streets for All withdrew its opposition after amendments. Members broadly supported the bill and discussed helmet use, youth safety, and the distinction between e-bikes and higher-powered e-motos. AB 1919 would let Santa Cruz Metro place a citizens’ initiative on the ballot to secure transit funding and protect service and jobs; the sponsor, bus operators, and labor supported it, with no opposition testimony. AB 2012 would streamline permits for moving manufactured homes under an annual permit, and AB 2024 would clarify Outdoor Advertising Act permitting and relocation procedures; both drew support from industry and housing groups and no opposition. After quorum was established, the committee adopted the consent calendar, which included items 13, 6, 8, 11, 14, 15, and 21, by roll call vote. The committee then heard AB 2484, which would allow San Diego voters to authorize a local transit tax initiative for MTS; the author and MTS argued it would preserve service and allow voters to decide future funding, and the bill advanced on a 5-2 roll call with the roll left open for absent members. The committee also heard AB 2560, which would codify the state transportation climate principles known as CAPTI; supporters said it would lock in goals for transit, rail, active transportation, equity, and greenhouse gas reduction, while Orange County Transportation Authority opposed. The author closed by asking for aye votes, and the committee proceeded toward roll-call action on the bill.

Transcript Highlights:

• home providers, to end up with this language.
• home providers, to end up with this language.
• Senator, the part that you're describing as the provider lobby or provider, The provider lobby or provider
• Because this network, I think you would have to get rid of the word network as well, because this network
• At the end of it, it ends up, and further provided, the department shall provide an annual report to

Summary: The conference committee spent most of the meeting working through House Bill 2, the education budget, with repeated debate over how to close the remaining gap in the foundation formula. Members discussed fund swaps involving the blind pension fund, capital commission fund, lottery proceeds, state school money, and classroom trust funds, with several senators arguing the committee should fully fund the formula if possible and warning against leaving schools with a shortfall. The committee also reviewed child care subsidies, Parents as Teachers language, school safety and assessment-related items, Title I reallocation language, and a compromise on flexibility percentages for certain education lines. Several members raised concerns about language restricting virtual Parents as Teachers visits and about child care subsidy language tied to enrollment-based payment and prospective payment, while others defended the compromise as a way to balance provider concerns and budget limits. House Bill 3, covering higher education, was also reviewed. The committee largely accepted Senate positions on appropriations, with a compromise on the St. Louis Community College nursing program and a new proposal directing the Department of Higher Education to develop a new funding model by December 1, 2026. That language drew concern from some members, who said the timeline was too aggressive and asked for more flexibility, but supporters said prior work on performance funding justified the deadline. The committee then moved through House Bill 2004, transportation, agreeing to a mix of Senate positions and compromises on items such as safety operations, low-volume roads, port funding, and road improvements, including a larger-than-expected appropriation for Clarendon Road tied to a State Fair relocation plan. House Bill 5, general administration and IT, generated the most controversy over new language directing a plan for state IT modernization and cloud migration; several members objected that it was too prescriptive, resembled a resolution, and could favor a specific vendor, but the chair said the goal was accountability and oversight. The committee left some House Bill 5 items open for further negotiation, then later returned to finalize several dollar amounts and a shorter conference proposal on the IT language. The committee also worked through House Bills 7, 8, and 9, mostly adopting Senate positions with a few compromises. House Bill 7 covered economic development and tourism items, including Main Street, Missouri One Start, broadband, Juneteenth, and the Great American State Fair, with some items set aside for later or moved to other bills. House Bill 8 focused on public safety and veterans’ funding, including school safety apps, fentanyl testing, crime lab workload, DNA testing, veterans’ programs, and Highway Patrol fleet and fuel items; members debated whether to keep fleet and fuel funding separated or rolled together, and several items were set at compromise levels. House Bill 9, covering mental health and corrections, was handled more briefly, with most items following Senate positions and a few compromises, including probation and parole funding and a reduction on one appropriation. The committee then recessed and later resumed with House Bill 2010, beginning work on another budget bill with a mix of Senate, House, and compromise positions on early line items, but the transcript cuts off before that bill is completed.

Transcript Highlights:

• So whoever's providing all the training would continue to provide the training, assuming as we go forward
• Together, our network of over 150 crime victim service providers ensures that every Minnesotan has a
• c><00:55:49.440><c> you</c><00:55:49.520><c> will</c> provided by our network and you will provided by
• ><c> are</c><00:56:08.640><c> already</c> Across our network programs are already Across our network
• </c><01:02:37.040><c> in</c> to to tour any of these providers in to to tour any of these providers in

Bills: HF4446, HF4066, HF1082

Keywords: public safety officer, survivor benefits, line of duty death, occupational cancer, firefighter, police officer, paramedic, EMT, correctional officer, first responder, workers' compensation, death benefits, occupational exposure, carcinogen, cancer presumption, mesothelioma, leukemia, lung cancer, post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD

Transcript Highlights:

• This bill provides funding so that they can get the answers they need.
• We don't have enough full-time officers to provide the service.
• He was a sole provider.
• And our networks provide really important services: telehealth, telemedicine, financial transactions,
• We’re trying to modernize our networks, and when we’re constantly fighting, repairing the networks, it

Summary: The committee heard testimony on several public safety, criminal justice, and regulatory bills. HB 4995 would create a training and certification program allowing licensed physicians and certain EMS personnel assigned to tactical units to carry firearms during high-risk deployments, with supporters saying it would let tactical medical staff protect themselves while providing immediate care; the bill was left pending. HB 2609 would repeal the failure-to-appear-or-pay/OmniBase license-hold program, with the author and advocates arguing it creates compounding debt and unnecessary barriers to driving, while judges and municipal court representatives said the program is a voluntary, cost-effective tool that improves court appearances and reduces warrants; the bill was also left pending. HB 4879 would create a grant program to help local law enforcement pay for lab testing of suspected hemp/Delta-9 THC substances, and HB 5436 would let licensed auto recyclers buy certain untitled vehicles for scrap or parts to curb illegal sales, VIN cloning, and chop shops; both measures were left pending after brief testimony in support. The committee also heard HB 1777, which would require a discrete designation on driver’s licenses and state IDs for people required to register as sex offenders. The author and supporters argued the marker would help law enforcement and businesses quickly identify potentially dangerous offenders and prevent harm, while opponents called it a stigmatizing “scarlet letter” that would increase harassment, family harm, and reintegration barriers. The bill was left pending. HB 4155 would create a two-year Family Violence Criminal Homicide Prevention Task Force in the Governor’s Office to study family violence homicides, gather stakeholders, and recommend policy changes; the author, HHSC, the Texas Council on Family Violence, and a survivor testified in support, and the bill was left pending. The committee also heard HB 4514, which would authorize DPS to use facial image verification, with consent and privacy safeguards, to help businesses confirm identities and combat fraud; supporters from the lumber and identity-verification industries said it would reduce theft and fraud, and the bill was left pending. Finally, HB 5139 would clarify that peace officers and jailers are justified in using less lethal force weapons when acting within training and official duties; law enforcement groups supported the measure as a way to encourage use of less lethal tools without fear of prosecution, and testimony was underway when the transcript ended.

Transcript Highlights:

• Um, the need to provide taxpayers.
• It prohibits balance billing by out-of-network ambulance providers and requires insurance carriers to
• It also embraces any willing provider model, meaning the ambulance companies that want to go in network
• It also embraces any willing provider model, meaning the ambulance companies that want to go in network
• It also embraces any willing provider model, meaning the ambulance companies that want to go in network

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Summary: The committee first took up SB 297 and a new amendment, 2462, which combined the original Senate bill with the Carson amendment and added a proposed alternative regulatory system, RSA 420R. The chair and members discussed that the amendment was intended to give the Senate what it had asked for while also creating a dual system for public entity risk pools. Members asked whether the new structure would affect ownership or governance of health trusts, and the chair explained that 420R would be a separate regulatory statute while existing 420J-style arrangements could remain in place. The committee also noted that a paragraph had been accidentally deleted from the amendment and that another amendment would be prepared to correct it, with the subcommittee recessed while that was done. Public testimony focused on School Care, represented by Executive Director Lisa Ducette, who opposed the shift to Department of Insurance oversight under 420R. She argued that public entity risk pools are not insurance companies, that they are accountable to member entities and taxpayers, and that the proposed dual regulation would add unnecessary costs through examinations, higher reserves, and additional accounting requirements. She said the change could threaten tax-exempt status and create an uneven playing field, and she urged the committee to support SB 297 with the Carson amendment instead of moving to 420R. Committee members questioned whether the amendment would actually affect pools that stayed under the Secretary of State model, and one member cited support from the New Hampshire Municipal Association for the dual system. The discussion then shifted to amendment 245 on ambulance reimbursement and contracting timelines. Members reviewed a provision giving insurers 45 days and ambulance providers 60 days in the contracting process, and one member suggested making both periods 60 days. The chair and others said the current language was intentional and part of a broader compromise aimed at ending balance billing and forcing insurers to establish reimbursement rates. Members noted that the measure was unusual and that its effects would be reviewed over the next two years, with one member saying the bill would likely be difficult to roll back later. No final vote was taken in the portion provided.

Transcript Highlights:

• We just want to make sure everybody has a say; you know, some feedback in this, and they provide some
• We just want to make sure everybody has to say, you know, some feedback in this and they provide some
• That network creation might unfold.
• We can address those problems when it's more cost effective and provide for a better outcome.
• some assurance of return, but not necessarily great which provides some assurance of return, but not

Keywords: 959, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• And so it's being provided to participants of Apple Health. Okay.
• We've been providing medically tailored meals for about four years.
• We have worked with PeaceHealth, Kaiser, and Providence.
• It is providing those MTM meals to those who really need it.
• I'm the director of programs at Emergency Food Network.

Summary: The Senate Human Services Committee met on the first day of the 2026 session and heard a briefing and public testimony on Senate Bill 5966 concerning medically tailored meals. Committee staff explained that the bill would define medically tailored meals and set statewide standards for meals provided through state programs, emphasizing medical guidance, dietary and cultural accommodations, and prioritizing Washington-based nonprofit providers when possible. Senator T’wina Nobles, the sponsor, said the bill is intended to create a clear baseline for quality and accountability without expanding benefits or creating a new program, but rather to streamline and standardize existing efforts. Testifiers in support described existing medically tailored meal and food box programs already operating in Washington. Representatives from Meals on Wheels, Chicken Soup Brigade, Cascadia Produce, Emergency Food Network, and Meals on Wheels Spokane said these programs improve health outcomes for people with chronic conditions, support recovery, and help keep people stable in their communities. They also emphasized that local providers, volunteers, farmers, and food businesses benefit when state dollars stay in Washington. Several members asked whether the bill would create a new system; supporters said it would instead coordinate and standardize current waiver-based and contract-based services. Questions also touched on funding sources, delivery costs, and the role of Medicaid and other programs. The committee temporarily set aside the bill to hear from newly appointed DSHS Secretary Angela Ramirez, who outlined the department’s reorganization into new administrations and said the goal is to reduce silos, improve customer experience, and make services easier to navigate. She also briefed members on federal HR1-related changes affecting SNAP and Medicaid, including work requirements, immigrant eligibility changes, and tribal consultation, and said DSHS is developing a verification hub to reduce administrative burden. Members raised concerns about implementation, data collection, and how to avoid benefit loss due to paperwork issues. After the secretary’s presentation, the committee resumed testimony on SB 5966 and then adjourned without taking a vote.

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> national network, better known as RAIN. national network, better known as RAIN.
• </c> evolved and um we think that providing evolved and um we think that providing informed<00:07:35.599
• enough to cover this of the provider enough to cover this situation?
• </c><00:12:04.720><c> and</c> conversation with your provider and conversation with your provider and
• </c> necessary, of course, we want to provide necessary, of course, we want to provide doctors<00:20:

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• </c><00:20:02.159><c> comments</c> our testimony providing comments our testimony providing comments
• </c> written comments uh providing written comments uh providing comments<00:20:21.559><c> thank</c>
• </c><00:56:16.200><c> um</c> failing we we are providing um failing we we are providing um amendments
• </c> right thank you energy Justice Network right thank you energy Justice Network in in in opposition
• </c> in our written testimony providing in our written testimony providing comments<01:56:13.679><c>

Keywords: 910, house, all

Summary: The committee met on March 19, 2025, and first heard SB 137 SD2 HD1 relating to electric utilities. The Division of Consumer Advocacy and the Public Utilities Commission said they stood on their written comments, IBEW Local 1260 supported the bill, and Ulupono Initiative also supported it. Hawaiian Electric supported the intent but asked for an amendment, saying the bill’s definition of “acquiring entity” was too broad and could unintentionally cover purely local utility transactions. A later witness from Life of the Land supported the bill only if the merger/acquisition language were removed, arguing the PUC would not have a workable mechanism to let a cooperative intervene in a utility sale process. Committee members questioned whether the bill could still work without that section, and Ulupono said it was open to clarifying language but did not seek to remove the provision; the discussion ended without a vote in the excerpt provided. The committee then took up SB 1220 SD2 relating to a renewable gas tariff. The Division of Consumer Advocacy and the PUC again stood on written comments. HGas strongly supported the measure, saying it would create a faster, more cost-effective path for a voluntary renewable gas tariff without requiring a full rate case, while preserving PUC oversight and consumer protections. The Coalition for Renewable Natural Gas also supported the bill, emphasizing that it would expand consumer choice and help Hawaii’s clean energy goals while keeping the program voluntary and shielding non-participating customers from costs. Henry Curtis of Life of the Land opposed the bill, arguing that HGas already had an active rate case and could have raised the issue there, and that the proposal did not increase renewable gas supply or speed up acquisition; he called it a gimmick. In response, HGas said the bill was mainly a mechanism to speed filing and that the details would be worked out in a PUC docket. Committee members pressed HGas on whether the measure would actually add renewable gas, what source would be used, and whether customers would simply be paying more for the same gas; HGas said it had two projects in development, including banagrass and hydrogen-related work, and that the tariff would be a voluntary opt-in rate for customers seeking renewable natural gas to meet sustainability goals. No vote was taken in the excerpt provided.

Transcript Highlights:

• 23.520><c> the</c><00:14:23.640><c> maximum</c> Kentucky, we provide KHC the maximum Kentucky, we provide
• The Kentucky network was alive.
• </c> The Kentucky network was alive. The Kentucky network was alive.
• The network The relationship held. The network worked. worked. worked.
• Site studies will permanently network.

Bills: SB8

Keywords: utilities, public service commission, energy regulation, appointment, emergency declaration, tax increases, consumer protection, The first couple minutes of the livestream was cut off. This recording restored the beginning of the meeting Meeting Start 00:00:00 Attendance Roll Call 00:00:51 Approval of Minutes 00:02:07 Legislator Comments 00:02:18 LIHEAP Public Hearing 00:04:19 PSC Update on RS 26 SB 8 00:32:18 WaterStep Presentation 01:04:08, 958, all

Transcript Highlights:

• </c><00:02:28.800><c> some</c> history so to begin to just provide some history so to begin to just provide
• </c><00:05:07.880><c> large</c> legislature has uh provided large legislature has uh provided large amounts
• Westat, would you be able to provide to the committee the projects?
• </c> to do everything we can to provide to do everything we can to provide adequate<01:02:57.599><c>
• </c><01:31:25.080><c> thank</c> extension project will provide thank extension project will provide thank

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• point of this amendment is for more clarity that insurers are not forced to contract with every provider
• It protects plan providers to select and manage networks, and plans can still choose providers based
• point of this amendment is for more clarity that insurers are not forced to contract with every provider
• It protects plan providers to select and manage networks.
• Plans can still choose providers based on quality, performance, and effectiveness.

Summary: The Committee for Insurance convened with a quorum and moved into executive session after noting that House Bill 3314 would be taken up later because Representative Hinman was still working on a committee substitute. The committee then considered House Bill 1894. An amendment to HB 1894 was offered and adopted. The sponsor explained that the amendment was intended to clarify that insurers are not required to contract with every provider seeking network participation, and that plans may still manage networks and select providers based on quality, performance, effectiveness, credentials, or related criteria. The committee then rolled the amendment into a House Committee substitute. The House Committee substitute for HB 1894 was voted do pass by a roll call vote of nine ayes and no nays. No other business was brought before the committee, and the meeting adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• point of this amendment is for more clarity that insurers are not forced to contract with every provider
• It protects plan providers to select and manage networks, and plans can still choose providers based
• point of this amendment is for more clarity that insurers are not forced to contract with every provider
• It protects plan providers to select and manage networks.
• Plans can still choose providers based on quality, performance, and effectiveness.

Keywords: 959, house, all